Residential exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and Organochlorine pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 117, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1007-1013

  Ward, Mary H ^a   Colt, Joanne S ^a   Metayer, Catherine ^b   Gunier, Robert B ^c   Lubin, Jay ^a   Crouse, Vonda ^d   Nishioka, Marcia G ^e   Reynolds, Peggy ^c   Buffler, Patricia A ^b  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^d CHILDREN S HOSPITAL CENTRAL CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Childhood cancer; Dust; Leukemia; Organochlorine compounds; Pesticides; Polychlorinated biphenyls

Indexed keywords

1,1 DICHLORO 2,2 BIS(4 CHLOROPHENYL)ETHYLENE; CHLORDANE; CHLORPHENOTANE; METHOXYCHLOR; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL;

ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ARTICLE; CANCER RISK; CHILD; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DUST EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FEMALE; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESIDENTIAL HOME; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHOOL CHILD; TREND STUDY; UNITED STATES;

CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; HYDROCARBONS, CHLORINATED; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; LEUKEMIA; MALE; PESTICIDES; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 67449156415     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900583     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Bradman A, Fenster L, Sjodin A, Jones RS, Patterson DG Jr, Eskenazi B. 2007. Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in the blood of pregnant women living in an agricultural community in California. Environ Health Perspect 115:71-74.
2. Bradman MA, Harnly ME, Draper W, Seidel S, Teran S, Wakeham D, et al. 1997. Pesticide exposures to children from California's Central Valley: results of a pilot study. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 7:217-234.
3. Brown LM, Blair A, Gibson R, Everett GD, Cantor KP, Schuman LM, et al. 1990. Pesticide exposures and other agricultural risk factors for leukemia among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res 50:6585-6591.
4. Buffler PA, Kwan ML, Reynolds P, Urayama KY. 2005. Environmental and genetic risk factors for childhood leukemia: appraising the evidence. Cancer Invest 23:60-75.
5. Butte W, Heinzow B. 2002. Pollutants in house dust as indicators of indoor contamination. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 175:1-46.
6. Calabrese EJ, Barnes R, Stanek EJ III, Pastides H, Gilbert CE, Veneman P, et al. 1989. How much soil do young children ingest: an epidemiologic study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 10:123-137.
7. Chang JS, Selvin S, Metayer C, Crouse V, Golembesky A, Buffler PA. 2006. Parental smoking and the risk of childhood leukemia. Am J Epidemiol 163:1091-1100.
8. Colt JS, Gunier RB, Metayer C, Nishioka MG, Bell EM, Reynolds P, et al. 2008. Household vacuum cleaners vs. the high-volume surface sampler for collection of carpet dust samples in epidemiologic studies of children. Environ Health 7:6; doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-6 [Online 21 February 2008].
9. Colt JS, Severson RK, Lubin J, Rothman N, Camann D, Davis S, et al. 2005. Organochlorines in carpet dust and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Epidemiology 16:516-525.
10. Dalmasso P, Pastore G, Zuccolo L, Maule MM, Pearce N, Merletti F, et al. 2005. Temporal trends in the incidence of childhood leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors in north-west Italy, 1967-2001. A report of the Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont. Haematologica 90:1197-1204.
11. Daniels JL, Olshan AF, Savitz DA. 1997. Pesticides and childhood cancers. Environ Health Perspect 105:1068-1077.
12. Davis S, Waller P, Buschbom R, Ballou J, White P. 1990. Quantitative estimates of soil ingestion in normal children between the ages of 2 and 7 years: population-based estimates using aluminum, silicon, and titanium as soil tracer elements. Arch Environ Health 45:112-122.
13. De Roos AJ, Hartge P, Lubin JH, Colt JS, Davis S, Cerhan JR, et al. 2005. Persistent organochlorine chemicals in plasma and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer Res 65:11214-11226.
14. Engel LS, Lan Q, Rothman N. 2007. Polychlorinated biphenyls and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:373-376.
15. Epstein SS, Ozonoff D. 1987. Leukemias and blood dyscrasias following exposure to chlordane and heptachlor. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 7:527-540.
16. Flower KB, Hoppin JA, Lynch CF, Blair A, Knott C, Shore DL, et al. 2004. Cancer risk and parental pesticide application in children of Agricultural Health Study participants. Environ Health Perspect 112:631-635.
17. Furst P. 2006. Dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls and other organohalogen compounds in human milk. Levels, correlations, trends and exposure through breastfeeding. Mol Nutr Food Res 50:922-933.
18. Guvenius DM, Aronsson A, Ekman-Ordeberg G, Bergman A, Noren K. 2003. Human prenatal and postnatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorobiphenylols, and pentachlorophenol. Environ Health Perspect 111:1235-1241.
19. Harper N, Connor K, Steinberg M, Safe S. 1995. Immuno-suppressive activity of polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners: nonadditive (antagonistic) interactions. Fundam Appl Toxicol 27:131-139.
20. Herrick RF, Lefkowitz DJ, Weymouth GA. 2007. Soil contamination from PCB-containing buildings. Environ Health Perspect 115:173-175.
21. Herrick RF, McClean MD, Meeker JD, Baxter LK, Weymouth GA. 2004. An unrecognized source of PCB contamination in schools and other buildings. Environ Health Perspect 112:1051-1053.
22. Hertz-Picciotto I, Park HY, Dostal M, Kocan A, Trnovec T, Sram R. 2008. Prenatal exposures to persistent and non-persistent organic compounds and effects on immune system development. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 102:146-154.
23. Hooper K, She J, Sharp M, Chow J, Jewell N, Gephart R, et al. 2007. Depuration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in breast milk from California first-time mothers (primiparae). Environ Health Perspect 115:1271-1275.
24. Infante PF, Epstein SS, Newton WA Jr. 1978. Blood dyscrasias and childhood tumors and exposure to chlordane and heptachlor. Scand J Work Environ Health 4:137-150.
25. Infante-Rivard C, Weichenthal S. 2007. Pesticides and childhood cancer: an update of Zahm and Ward's 1998 review. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 10:81-99.
26. International Agency for Research on Cancer. 1997. Polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 69:1-631.
27. Kroll ME, Draper GJ, Stiller CA, Murphy MF. 2006. Childhood leukemia incidence in Britain, 1974-2000: time trends and possible relation to influenza epidemics. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:417-420.
28. Laden F, Neas LM, Spiegelman D, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Ireland K, et al. 1999. Predictors of plasma concentrations of DDE and PCBs in a group of U.S. women. Environ Health Perspect 107:75-81.
29. Lanphear BP, Weitzman M, Winter NL, Eberly S, Yakir B, Tanner M, et al. 1996. Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels. Am J Public Health 86:1416-1421.
30. Levin M, Morsey B, Mori C, Nambiar PR, De Guise S. 2005. Non-coplanar PCB-mediated modulation of human leukocyte phagocytosis: a new mechanism for immunotoxicity. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68:1977-1993.
31. Lubin JH, Colt JS, Camann D, Davis S, Cerhan JR, Severson RK, et al. 2004. Epidemiologic evaluation of measurement data in the presence of detection limits. Environ Health Perspect 112:1691-1696.
32. Ma X, Buffler PA, Layefsky M, Does MB, Reynolds P. 2004. Control selection strategies in case-control studies of childhood diseases. Am J Epidemiol 159:915-921.
33. Ma X, Buffler PA, Wiemels JL, Selvin S, Metayer C, Loh M, et al. 2005. Ethnic difference in daycare attendance, early infections, and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14:1928-1934.
34. Monge P, Wesseling C, Guardado J, Lundberg I, Ahlbom A, Cantor KP, et al. 2007. Parental occupational exposure to pesticides and the risk of childhood leukemia in Costa Rica. Scand J Work Environ Health 33:293-303.
35. Nishi M, Miyake H, Takeda T, Shimada M. 1996. Epidemiology of childhood leukemia in Hokkaido, Japan. Int J Cancer 67:323-326.
36. Purdue MP, Hoppin JA, Blair A, Dosemeci M, Alavanja MC. 2007. Occupational exposure to organochlorine insecticides and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study. Int J Cancer 120:642-649.
37. Ries LAG, Melbert D, Krapcho M, Mariotto A, Miller BA, Freuer EJ, et al. 2004. SEER Cancer Statistics Review: 1975-2004. Bethesda, MD:National Cancer Institute.
38. Ross JA, Spector LG. 2006. Cancers in children. In: Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr, eds). New York:Oxford University Press, 1251-1268.
39. Rudel RA, Seryak LM, Brody JG. 2008. PCB-containing wood floor finish is a likely source of elevated PCBs in residents' blood, household air and dust: a case study of exposure. Environ Health 7:2; doi:10.1186/ 1476-069X-7-2 [Online 17 January 2008].
40. Safe S. 1993. Toxicology, structure-function relationship, and human and environmental health impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls: progress and problems. Environ Health Perspect 100:259-268.
41. Schecter A, Papke O, Tung KC, Joseph J, Harris TR, Dahlgren J. 2005. Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in the U.S. population: current levels, temporal trends, and comparison with dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls. J Occup Environ Med 47:199-211.
42. Scheele J, Teufel M, Niessen KH. 1992. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the bone marrow of children: studies on their association with leukaemia. Eur J Pediatr 151:802-805.
43. She J, Holden A, Sharp M, Tanner M, Williams-Derry C, Hooper K. 2007. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in breast milk from the Pacific Northwest. Chemosphere 67:S307-S317.
44. Thornton I, Davies DJ, Watt JM, Quinn MJ. 1990. Lead exposure in young children from dust and soil in the United Kingdom. Environ Health Perspect 89:55-60.
45. Tryphonas H. 1994. Immunotoxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls: present status and future considerations. Exp Clin Immunogenet 11:149-162.
46. U.S. Census Bureau. 2002. Census 2000 Urban and Rural Classification [Data file]. Available: http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/ua_2k.html [accessed 14 November 2007].
47. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. Technical Factsheet on Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Available: http://www.epa.gov/OGWDW/ dwh/t-soc/pcbs.html [accessed 15 September 2008].
48. Wilson NK, Chuang JC, Lyu C. 2001. Levels of persistent organic pollutants in several child day care centers. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 11:449-458.
49. Wolff MS, Camann D, Gammon M, Stellman SD. 1997. Proposed PCB congener groupings for epidemiological studies. Environ Health Perspect 105:13-14.
50. Zahm SH, Ward MH. 1998. Pesticides and childhood cancer. Environ Health Perspect 106(suppl 3):893-908.