Ten-percent solar-to-fuel conversion with nonprecious materials

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 111, Issue 39, 2014, Pages 14057-14061

  Cox, Casandra R ^a   Lee, Jungwoo Z ^b   Nocera, Daniel G ^a   Buonassisi, Tonio ^b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge   (United States)

Author keywords

Artificial leaf; Earth abundant; Multijunction; Renewable; Solar cell

Indexed keywords

EID: 84907588597     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1414290111     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Cook TR, et al. (2010) Solar energy supply and storage for the legacy and nonlegacy worlds. Chem Rev 110(11):6474-6502.
2. Lewis NS, Nocera DG (2006) Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(43):15729-15735.
3. Crabtree GW, Dresselhaus MS (2008) The hydrogen fuel alternative. MRS Bull 33:421-428.
4. Vielstch W, Lamm A, Gasteiger HA, eds (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology and Applications (John Wiley, Chichester, UK).
5. Li CW, Ciston J, Kanan MW (2014) Electroreduction of carbon monoxide to liquid fuel on oxide-derived nanocrystalline copper. Nature 508(7497):504-507.
6. Medina-Ramos J, DiMeglio JL, Rosenthal J (2014) Efficient reduction of CO2 to CO with high current density using in situ or ex situ prepared Bi-based materials. J Am Chem Soc 136(23):8361-8367.
7. Smieja JM, et al. (2013) Manganese as a substitute for rhenium in CO2 reduction catalysts: The importance of acids. Inorg Chem 52(5):2484-2491.
8. Khaselev O, Bansal A, Turner JA (2001) High-efficiency integrated multijunction photovoltaic/electrolysis systems for hydrogen production. Int J Hydrogen Energy 26:127-132.
9. US Department of Energy (2013) Hydrogen, fuel cells, & infrastructure technologies program. Hydrogen production. Available at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ hydrogenandfuelcells/mypp/. Accessed April 30, 2014.
10. Walter MG, et al. (2010) Solar water splitting cells. Chem Rev 110(11):6446-6473.
11. Osterloh FE (2008) Inorganic materials as catalysts for photochemical splitting of water. Chem Mater 20:35-54.
12. Lin F, Boettcher SW (2014) Adaptive semiconductor/electrocatalyst junctions in watersplitting photoanodes. Nat Mater 13(1):81-86.
13. Mills TJ, Lin F, Boettcher SW (2014) Theory and simulations of electrocatalystcoated semiconductor electrodes for solar water splitting. Phys Rev Lett 112(14): 148304-148305.
14. Weber MF, Dignam MJ (1986) Splitting water with semiconducting photoelectrodes- Efficiency considerations. Int J Hydrogen Energy 11:225-232.
15. Weber MF, Dignam MJ (1984) Efficiency of splitting water with semiconducting photoelectrodes. J Electrochem Soc 131:1258-1265.
16. Bolton JR, Strickler SJ, Connolly JS (1985) Limiting and realizable efficiencies of solar photolysis of water. Nature 316:495-500.
17. Cukier RI, Nocera DG (1998) Proton-coupled electron transfer. Annu Rev Phys Chem 49:337-369.
18. Eisenberg R, Gray HB (2008) Preface on making oxygen. Inorg Chem 47(6):1697-1699.
19. Betley TA, Wu Q, Van Voorhis T, Nocera DG (2008) Electronic design criteria for O-O bond formation via metal-oxo complexes. Inorg Chem 47(6):1849-1861.
20. Betley TA, et al. (2008) A ligand field chemistry of oxygen generation by the oxygenevolving complex and synthetic active sites. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 363(1494):1293-1303, discussion 1303.
21. Hammes-Schiffer S (2009) Theory of proton-coupled electron transfer in energy conversion processes. Acc Chem Res 42(12):1881-1889.
22. Concepcion JJ, et al. (2009) Making oxygen with ruthenium complexes. Acc Chem Res 42(12):1954-1965.
23. Khaselev O, Turner JA (1998) A monolithic photovoltaic-photoelectrochemical device for hydrogen production via water splitting. Science 280(5362):425-427.
24. Miller EL, Rocheleau RE, Deng XM (2003) Design considerations for a hybrid amorphous silicon/photoelectrochemical multijunction cell for hydrogen production. Int J Hydrogen Energy 28:615-623.
25. Rocheleau RE, Miller EL, Misra A (1998) High-efficiency photoelectrochemical hydrogen production using multijunction amorphous silicon photoelectrodes. Energy Fuels 12:3-10.
26. Hanna MC, Nozik AJ (2006) Solar conversion efficiency of photovoltaic and photoelectrolysis cells with carrier multiplication absorbers. J Appl Phys 100:074510/1-8.
27. Rocheleau RE, Miller EL (1997) Photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen: Engineering loss analysis. Int J Hydrogen Energy 22:771-782.
28. Bard AJ, Fox MA (1995) Artificial photosynthesis: Solar splitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen. Acc Chem Res 28:141-145.
29. Kanan MW, Nocera DG (2008) In situ formation of an oxygen-evolving catalyst in neutral water containing phosphate and Co2+. Science 321(5892):1072-1075.
30. Surendranath Y, Dinc M, Nocera DG (2009) Electrolyte-dependent electrosynthesis and activity of cobalt-based water oxidation catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 131(7):2615-2620.
31. Lutterman DA, Surendranath Y, Nocera DG (2009) A self-healing oxygen-evolving catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 131(11):3838-3839.
32. Kanan MW, et al. (2010) Structure and valency of a cobalt-phosphate water oxidation catalyst determined by in situ X-ray spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 132(39): 13692-13701.
33. Surendranath Y, Kanan MW, Nocera DG (2010) Mechanistic studies of the oxygen evolution reaction by a cobalt-phosphate catalyst at neutral pH. J Am Chem Soc 132(46):16501-16509.
34. Surendranath Y, Lutterman DA, Liu Y, Nocera DG (2012) Nucleation, growth, and repair of a cobalt-based oxygen evolving catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 134(14):6326-6336.
35. Farrow CL, Bediako DK, Surendranath Y, Nocera DG, Billinge SJL (2013) Intermediaterange structure of self-assembled cobalt-based oxygen-evolving catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 135(17):6403-6406.
36. Liu Y, Nocera DG Spectroscopic studies of nanoparticulate thin films of a cobalt-based oxygen evolution catalyst. J Phys Chem C, 10.1021/jp5008347.
37. Dinca M, Surendranath Y, Nocera DG (2010) Nickel-borate oxygen-evolving catalyst that functions under benign conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(23):10337-10341.
38. Bediako DK, et al. (2012) Structure-activity correlations in a nickel-borate oxygen evolution catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 134(15):6801-6809.
39. Bediako DK, Surendranath Y, Nocera DG (2013) Mechanistic studies of the oxygen evolution reaction mediated by a nickel-borate thin film electrocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 135(9):3662-3674.
40. Huynh M, Bediako DK, Liu Y, Nocera DG (2014) Nucleation and growth mechanisms of an electrodeposited manganese oxide catalyst at near-neutral pH. J Phys Chem C, 10.1021/jp501768n.
41. Huynh M, Bediako DK, Nocera DG (2014) A functionally stable manganese oxide oxygen evolution catalyst in acid. J Am Chem Soc 136(16):6002-6010.
42. Reece SY, et al. (2011) Wireless solar water splitting using silicon-based semiconductors and earth-abundant catalysts. Science 334(6056):645-648.
43. Pijpers JJH, Winkler MT, Surendranath Y, Buonassisi T, Nocera DG (2011) Lightinduced water oxidation at silicon electrodes functionalized with a cobalt oxygenevolving catalyst. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108(25):10056-10061.
44. Cox CR, Winkler MT, Pijpers JJH, Buonassisi T, Nocera DG (2012) Interfaces between water splitting catalysts and buried silicon junctions. Energy Environ Sci 6:532-538.
45. Young ER, Costi R, Paydavosi S, Nocera DG, Bulovic V (2011) Photo-assisted water oxidation with cobalt-based catalyst formed from thin-film cobalt metal on silicon photoanodes. Energy Environ Sci 4:2058-2061.
46. Costi R, Young ER, Bulovic V, Nocera DG (2013) Stabilized CdSe-CoPi composite photoanode for light-assisted water oxidation by transformation of a CdSe/cobalt metal thin film. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5(7):2364-2367.
47. Nocera DG (2012) The artificial leaf. Acc Chem Res 45(5):767-776.
48. Cristino V, et al. (2013) Efficient solar water oxidation using photovoltaic devices functionalized with earth-abundant oxygen evolving catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 15(31):13083-13092.
49. Hu S, et al. (2014) Amorphous TiO coatings stabilize Si, GaAs, and GaP photoanodes for efficient water oxidation. Science 344(6187):1005-1009.
50. Powell DM, et al. (2012) Crystalline silicon photovoltaics: A cost analysis framework for determining technology pathways to reach baseload electricity costs. Energy Environ Sci 5:5874-5883.
51. Chu S, Majumdar A (2012) Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature 488(7411):294-303.
52. Winkler MT, Cox CR, Nocera DG, Buonassisi T (2013) Modeling integrated photovoltaic- electrochemical devices using steady-state equivalent circuits. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110:E1076-E1082.
53. Jacobsson TJ, Fjällström V, Sahlberg M, Edoff M, Edvinsson T (2013) A monolithic device for solar water splitting based on series interconnected thin film absorbers reaching over 10% solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. Energy Environ Sci 6:3676-3683.
54. Chen Z, et al. (2010) Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols. J Mater Res 25:3-16.
55. Fan JCC (1986) Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters. Solar Cells 17:309-315.
56. Hernández-Pagán EA, et al. (2012) Resistance and polarization losses in aqueous buffer-membrane electrolytes for water-splitting photoelectrochemical cells. Energy Environ Sci 5:7582-7589.
57. Jin J, Walczak K, Karp C, Lewis NS, Xiang C (2014) An experimental and modeling/ simulation-based evaluation of the efficiency and operational performance characteristics of an integrated, membrane-free, neutral pH solar-driven water-splitting system. Energy Environ Sci 7:3371-3380.
58. Haussener S, et al. (2012) Modeling, simulation, and design criteria for photelectrochemical water-splitting systems. Energy Environ Sci 5:9922-9935.
59. Modestino MA, et al. (2013) Robust production of purified H2 in a stable, self-regulating, and continuously operating solar-fuel generator. Energy Environ Sci 7:297-301.
60. Jones AD, Underwood CP (2001) Thermal model for photovoltaic systems. Sol Energy 70:349-359.
61. Bianca L, Karsten B, Schmidt J (2008) Deactivation of the boron-oxygen recombination center in silicon by illumination at elevated temperature. Phys Status Solidi Rapid Res Lett 2:93-95.