메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 415-437

Perceptions of trekking tourism and social and environmental change in Nepal's Himalayas

Author keywords

community development; environmental perceptions; global change; mountain regions; photo elicitation; Sagarmatha National Park; Sherpa; sustainable tourism

Indexed keywords

CULTURAL LANDSCAPE; ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; GLOBALIZATION; GOVERNANCE APPROACH; PERCEPTION; SOCIAL CHANGE; TOURISM ECONOMICS; TOURIST DESTINATION;

EID: 84907313882     PISSN: 14616688     EISSN: 14701340     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2014.942233     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 0027099044 scopus 로고
    • Tourism and Sherpas, Nepal: Reconstruction of reciprocity
    • Adams, V. (1992). Tourism and Sherpas, Nepal: Reconstruction of reciprocity. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 534-554.
    • (1992) Annals of Tourism Research , vol.19 , pp. 534-554
    • Adams, V.1
  • 2
    • 84970188424 scopus 로고
    • Reflections of the environment in memory
    • Anderson, J.R., & Schooler, L.J. (1991). Reflections of the environment in memory. Psychological Science, 2(6), 396-408.
    • (1991) Psychological Science , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 396-408
    • Anderson, J.R.1    Schooler, L.J.2
  • 3
    • 84907328516 scopus 로고
    • Glendale, CA, Glendale, CA,: La Siesta Press
    • Armington, S. (1975). Exploring Nepal. Glendale, CA: La Siesta Press.
    • (1975) Exploring Nepal
    • Armington, S.1
  • 4
    • 77249178233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glaciers, glacial lakes and glacial lake outburst floods in the Mount Everest region, Nepal
    • Bajracharya, S.R., & Mool, P. (2009). Glaciers, glacial lakes and glacial lake outburst floods in the Mount Everest region, Nepal. Annals of Glaciology, 50(53), 81-86.
    • (2009) Annals of Glaciology , vol.50 , Issue.53 , pp. 81-86
    • Bajracharya, S.R.1    Mool, P.2
  • 6
    • 27844480483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mount Everest: Reclamation of the world's highest junk yard
    • Bishop, B., Naumann, C. (1996). Mount Everest: Reclamation of the world's highest junk yard. Mountain Research and Development, 16(3), 323-327.
    • (1996) Mountain Research and Development , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-327
    • Bishop, B.1    Naumann, C.2
  • 8
    • 0013174185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State theory in the political conjuncture: Henri Lefebvre's comments on a new state form
    • Brenner, N. (2001). State theory in the political conjuncture: Henri Lefebvre's comments on a new state form. Antipode, 33, 783-808.
    • (2001) Antipode , vol.33 , pp. 783-808
    • Brenner, N.1
  • 9
    • 84899933304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary economic geography: A new path for tourism studies?
    • Brouder, P. (2014). Evolutionary economic geography: A new path for tourism studies?. Tourism Geographies, 16(1), 2-7.
    • (2014) Tourism Geographies , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-7
    • Brouder, P.1
  • 10
    • 0025669357 scopus 로고
    • Range conservation and Sherpa livestock management in Khumbu, Nepal
    • Brower, B. (1990). Range conservation and Sherpa livestock management in Khumbu, Nepal. Mountain Research and Development, 10, 34-42.
    • (1990) Mountain Research and Development , vol.10 , pp. 34-42
    • Brower, B.1
  • 11
    • 67650311266 scopus 로고
    • Portland, OR, Portland, OR,: Graphic Arts Center Publishing
    • Burbank, J. (1992). Culture shock!: Nepal. Portland, OR: Graphic Arts Center Publishing.
    • (1992) Culture shock!: Nepal
    • Burbank, J.1
  • 12
    • 27844594281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary human impacts on alpine ecosystems in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal
    • Byers, A.C. (2005). Contemporary human impacts on alpine ecosystems in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu, Nepal. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 95(1), 112-140.
    • (2005) Annals of the Association of American Geographers , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 112-140
    • Byers, A.C.1
  • 13
    • 56549107504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of contemporary glacier fluctuations in Nepal's Khumbu Himal using repeat photography
    • Byers, A.C. (2007). An assessment of contemporary glacier fluctuations in Nepal's Khumbu Himal using repeat photography. Himalayan Journal of Sciences, 4(6), 21-26.
    • (2007) Himalayan Journal of Sciences , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 21-26
    • Byers, A.C.1
  • 14
    • 0002861491 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of environmental memory
    • Chawla, L. (1986) The ecology of environmental memory. Children's Environments Quarterly, 3(4), 34-42.
    • (1986) Children's Environments Quarterly , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 34-42
    • Chawla, L.1
  • 15
    • 0004822944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The autodriven interview: A photographic viewfinder into children's experiences
    • Clark, C.D. (1999). The autodriven interview: A photographic viewfinder into children's experiences. Visual Sociology, 14, 39-50.
    • (1999) Visual Sociology , vol.14 , pp. 39-50
    • Clark, C.D.1
  • 16
    • 3142750537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framing the social world with photo-elicitation interviews
    • Clark-Ibanez, M. (2004). Framing the social world with photo-elicitation interviews. American Behavioral Scientist, 47(12), 1507-1527.
    • (2004) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.47 , Issue.12 , pp. 1507-1527
    • Clark-Ibanez, M.1
  • 17
    • 0024160676 scopus 로고
    • Authenticity and commoditization in tourism
    • Cohen, E. (1988). Authenticity and commoditization in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 15(3), 371-386.
    • (1988) Annals of Tourism Research , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 371-386
    • Cohen, E.1
  • 18
    • 3142682201 scopus 로고
    • Photography in anthropology: A report on two experiments
    • Collier, J., Jr (1957). Photography in anthropology: A report on two experiments. American Anthropologist, 59, 843-859.
    • (1957) American Anthropologist , vol.59 , pp. 843-859
    • Collier Jr., J.1
  • 19
    • 77954230540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying scenario planning to park and tourism management in Sagarmatha National Park, Khumbu, Nepal
    • Daconto, G., & Sherpa, L.N. (2010). Applying scenario planning to park and tourism management in Sagarmatha National Park, Khumbu, Nepal. Mountain Research and Development, 30(2), 103-112.
    • (2010) Mountain Research and Development , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-112
    • Daconto, G.1    Sherpa, L.N.2
  • 20
    • 0002686362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representational validity of landscape visualizations: The effects of graphical realism on perceived scenic beauty of forest vistas
    • Daniel, T.C., & Meitner, M.M. (2001). Representational validity of landscape visualizations: The effects of graphical realism on perceived scenic beauty of forest vistas. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(1), 61-72.
    • (2001) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-72
    • Daniel, T.C.1    Meitner, M.M.2
  • 21
    • 78149400920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The applicability of the concept of resilience to social systems: Some sources of optimism and nagging doubts
    • Davidson, D.J. (2010). The applicability of the concept of resilience to social systems: Some sources of optimism and nagging doubts. Society and Natural Resources, 23, 1135-1149.
    • (2010) Society and Natural Resources , vol.23 , pp. 1135-1149
    • Davidson, D.J.1
  • 22
    • 84877124423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Kathmandu,: Author
    • Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation). (2007). Sagarmatha National Park management and tourism plan 2007-2012. Kathmandu: Author.
    • (2007) Sagarmatha National Park management and tourism plan 2007-2012
  • 25
    • 17644426665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community perceptions of environmental and social change and tourism development on the island of Koh Samui, Thailand
    • Green, R. (2005). Community perceptions of environmental and social change and tourism development on the island of Koh Samui, Thailand. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25, 37-56.
    • (2005) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 37-56
    • Green, R.1
  • 26
    • 0000206293 scopus 로고
    • Culture by the pound: An anthropological perspective on tourism as cultural commoditization
    • In: Smith V., editors Oxford, Oxford,: Basil Blackwell
    • Greenwood, D. (1978). Culture by the pound: An anthropological perspective on tourism as cultural commoditization. In V. Smith (Ed.), Host and guests: The anthropology of tourism (pp. 129-138). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
    • (1978) Host and guests: The anthropology of tourism , pp. 129-138
    • Greenwood, D.1
  • 29
    • 77952852854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Content analysis
    • In:, In:, In: Richie B., editorsBurns P., editorsPalmer C., editors Wallingford, Wallingford,: CABI
    • Hall, C.M., & Valentin, A. (2005). Content analysis. In B. Richie, P. Burns, and C. Palmer (Ed.), Tourism research methods (pp. 191-209). Wallingford: CABI.
    • (2005) Tourism research methods , pp. 191-209
    • Hall, C.M.1    Valentin, A.2
  • 31
    • 84909322097 scopus 로고
    • The visual ethnography narrative
    • Harper, D. (1987). The visual ethnography narrative. Visual Anthropology, 1(1), 1-19.
    • (1987) Visual Anthropology , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-19
    • Harper, D.1
  • 35
    • 84907312800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life and death on Everest: Sir Edmund Hillary recalls 50 years on top of the world
    • May
    • Hillary, E. (2003, May). Life and death on Everest: Sir Edmund Hillary recalls 50 years on top of the world. National Geographic Magazine, p. 38.
    • (2003) National Geographic Magazine , pp. 38
    • Hillary, E.1
  • 39
    • 0005085982 scopus 로고
    • Tourism and environment in the Mount Everest region
    • Karan, P.P., & Mather, C. (1985). Tourism and environment in the Mount Everest region. Geographical Review, 75(1), 93-95.
    • (1985) Geographical Review , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-95
    • Karan, P.P.1    Mather, C.2
  • 40
    • 0021574442 scopus 로고
    • The scenic value of the forest landscape as assessed in the field and the laboratory
    • Kellomäki, S., & Savolainen, R. (1984). The scenic value of the forest landscape as assessed in the field and the laboratory. Landscape Planning, 11, 97-107.
    • (1984) Landscape Planning , vol.11 , pp. 97-107
    • Kellomäki, S.1    Savolainen, R.2
  • 42
    • 70449365427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring Fijian's sense of place after exposure to tourism development
    • Kerstetter, D., & Bricker, K. (2009). Exploring Fijian's sense of place after exposure to tourism development. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(6), 691-708.
    • (2009) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 691-708
    • Kerstetter, D.1    Bricker, K.2
  • 43
    • 0342615272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards better understanding, assessment and funding of climate adaptation
    • Klein, R.J.T. (1998). Towards better understanding, assessment and funding of climate adaptation. Change, 44, 15-19.
    • (1998) Change , vol.44 , pp. 15-19
    • Klein, R.J.T.1
  • 44
    • 84907321561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forestry in Sagarmatha National (Everest) National Park
    • Ledgard, N. (2002). Forestry in Sagarmatha National (Everest) National Park. Austrian Journal of Forest Science, 119(3/4), 321-334.
    • (2002) Austrian Journal of Forest Science , vol.119 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 321-334
    • Ledgard, N.1
  • 47
    • 84907306141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time as a major barrier to sustainable development
    • Retrieved December 12, 2009, from
    • Lew, A.A. (2009). Time as a major barrier to sustainable development. Tourism Place. Retrieved December 12, 2009, from http://snipr.com/time_and_sustainability
    • (2009) Tourism Place
    • Lew, A.A.1
  • 48
    • 84899823619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scale, change and resilience in community tourism planning
    • Lew, A.A. (2014). Scale, change and resilience in community tourism planning. Tourism Geographies, 16(1), 14-22.
    • (2014) Tourism Geographies , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-22
    • Lew, A.A.1
  • 52
    • 67649479515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uneven development: Social change and spatial divisions
    • In:, In:, In:, In: Barnes T.J., editorsPeck J., editorsSheppard E., editorsTickell A., editors London, London,: Wiley
    • Massey, D. (2004). Uneven development: Social change and spatial divisions. In T.J. Barnes, J. Peck, E. Sheppard, & A. Tickell (Eds.), Reading economic geography (pp. 111-124). London: Wiley.
    • (2004) Reading economic geography , pp. 111-124
    • Massey, D.1
  • 53
    • 84882260424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nepal Tourism Statistics, Kathmandu, Kathmandu,: Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation
    • Nepal Tourism Statistics. (2012). Annual statistical report 2012. Kathmandu: Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation.
    • (2012) Annual statistical report 2012
  • 54
    • 0034054456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism in protected areas: The Nepalese Himalaya
    • Nepal, S. (2000). Tourism in protected areas: The Nepalese Himalaya. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 661-681.
    • (2000) Annals of Tourism Research , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 661-681
    • Nepal, S.1
  • 55
    • 4344590220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visitor impacts on trails in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal
    • Nepal, S.K., & Nepal, S.J. (2004). Visitor impacts on trails in the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal. Ambio, 33, 344-340.
    • (2004) Ambio , vol.33 , pp. 340-344
    • Nepal, S.K.1    Nepal, S.J.2
  • 56
    • 59049101091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability to climate change of nature-based tourism in the Nepalese Himalaya
    • Nyaupane, G.P., & Chhetri, N. (2009). Vulnerability to climate change of nature-based tourism in the Nepalese Himalaya. Tourism Geographies, 11(1), 95-119.
    • (2009) Tourism Geographies , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 95-119
    • Nyaupane, G.P.1    Chhetri, N.2
  • 57
    • 33746497910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of community involvement and number/type of visitors on tourism impacts: A controlled comparison of Annapurna, Nepal and Northwest Yunnan, China
    • Nyaupane, G.P., Morais, D.B., & Dowler, L. (2006). The role of community involvement and number/type of visitors on tourism impacts: A controlled comparison of Annapurna, Nepal and Northwest Yunnan, China. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1373-1385.
    • (2006) Tourism Management , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 1373-1385
    • Nyaupane, G.P.1    Morais, D.B.2    Dowler, L.3
  • 60
    • 0021550436 scopus 로고
    • Growth of tourism in Nepal's Everest region: Impact on the physical environment and structure of human settlements
    • Pawson, I.G., Stanford, D.D., & Adams, V.A. (1984). Growth of tourism in Nepal's Everest region: Impact on the physical environment and structure of human settlements. Mountain Research and Development, 4(3), 237-246.
    • (1984) Mountain Research and Development , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-246
    • Pawson, I.G.1    Stanford, D.D.2    Adams, V.A.3
  • 61
    • 0007485430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development in Nepal: The Annapurna Conservation Area Project
    • In:, In: Hall C.M., editors A.A. Lew, editors London, London,: Addison Wesley Longman
    • Pobocik, M., & Butalla, C. (1998). Development in Nepal: The Annapurna Conservation Area Project. In C.M. Hall & A.A. Lew (Eds.), Sustainable tourism: A geographical perspective (pp. 159-172). London: Addison Wesley Longman.
    • (1998) Sustainable tourism: A geographical perspective , pp. 159-172
    • Pobocik, M.1    Butalla, C.2
  • 62
    • 0346676612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of landscapes using quantitative and categorical data, and prediction of their scenic beauty in North-Western Spain
    • Real, E., Arce, C., & Sabucedo, J.M. (2000). Classification of landscapes using quantitative and categorical data, and prediction of their scenic beauty in North-Western Spain. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20(4), 355-373.
    • (2000) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 355-373
    • Real, E.1    Arce, C.2    Sabucedo, J.M.3
  • 63
    • 3142727073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breaking the ethnographer's frames
    • Samuels, J. (2004). Breaking the ethnographer's frames. American Behavioral Scientist, 47(12), 1528-1550.
    • (2004) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.47 , Issue.12 , pp. 1528-1550
    • Samuels, J.1
  • 64
    • 84902820227 scopus 로고
    • London, London,: Prentice-Hall International
    • Sayre, W.W. (1964). Four against Everest. London: Prentice-Hall International.
    • (1964) Four against Everest
    • Sayre, W.W.1
  • 65
    • 34548013298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remembering the past to imagine the future: The prospective brain
    • Schacter, D.L., Addis, D.R., & Buckner, R.L. (2007). Remembering the past to imagine the future: The prospective brain. Neuroscience, 8, 657-661.
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.8 , pp. 657-661
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Addis, D.R.2    Buckner, R.L.3
  • 66
    • 0031537298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Picture or place? A multiple sorting study of landscape
    • Scott, M.J., & Canter, D.V. (1997). Picture or place? A multiple sorting study of landscape. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 17(4), 263-281.
    • (1997) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 263-281
    • Scott, M.J.1    Canter, D.V.2
  • 67
    • 84907306140 scopus 로고
    • Kathmandu, Kathmandu,: Ratna Pustak Bhandar
    • Shaka, R. (1975). An introduction to Nepal. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
    • (1975) An introduction to Nepal
    • Shaka, R.1
  • 69
    • 0002391833 scopus 로고
    • The spaces that difference makes
    • In:, In: Keith M., editorsPile S., editors London, London,: Routledge
    • Soja, E., & Hooper, B. (1993). The spaces that difference makes. In M. Keith & S. Pile (Eds.), Place and politics of identity (pp. 183-205). London: Routledge.
    • (1993) Place and politics of identity , pp. 183-205
    • Soja, E.1    Hooper, B.2
  • 70
    • 84877142558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyul Khumbu: The Sherpa and Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park and Buffer Zone, Nepal
    • In: Mallarach J., editors Heidelberg, Heidelberg,: Kasparek Verlag
    • Spoon, J., & Sherpa, L.N. (2008). Beyul Khumbu: The Sherpa and Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) National Park and Buffer Zone, Nepal. In J. Mallarach (Ed.), Protected landscapes and cultural and spiritual values (pp. 68-79). Heidelberg: Kasparek Verlag.
    • (2008) Protected landscapes and cultural and spiritual values , pp. 68-79
    • Spoon, J.1    Sherpa, L.N.2
  • 71
    • 0027739087 scopus 로고
    • Tourism, change and continuity in the Mount Everest region, Nepal
    • Stevens, S.F. (1993a). Tourism, change and continuity in the Mount Everest region, Nepal. Geographical Review, 83(4), 410-427.
    • (1993) Geographical Review , vol.83 , Issue.4 , pp. 410-427
    • Stevens, S.F.1
  • 73
    • 0141526229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism and deforestation in the Mt Everest region of Nepal
    • Stevens, S.F. (2003). Tourism and deforestation in the Mt Everest region of Nepal. The Geographical Journal, 169(3), 255-277.
    • (2003) The Geographical Journal , vol.169 , Issue.3 , pp. 255-277
    • Stevens, S.F.1
  • 76
    • 84907313134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations Environment Program, Retrieved September 25, 2008, from
    • United Nations Environment Program. (2008). Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal. Retrieved September 25, 2008, from http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/pdf/Sagarmatha.pdf
    • (2008) Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal
  • 79
    • 84907328514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Risk 2013 - Eighth Edition
    • World Economic Forum, Retrieved March 21, 2013, from
    • World Economic Forum (2013). Global Risk 2013 - Eighth Edition. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Retrieved March 21, 2013, from http://reports.weforum.org/global-risks-2013/
    • (2013) Geneva: World Economic Forum
  • 80
    • 0003034158 scopus 로고
    • Perceptual landscape simulations: History and prospect
    • Zube, E.H., Simcox, D.E., & Law, C.S. (1987). Perceptual landscape simulations: History and prospect. Landscape Journal, 6(1), 62-81.
    • (1987) Landscape Journal , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-81
    • Zube, E.H.1    Simcox, D.E.2    Law, C.S.3
  • 81
    • 0027101130 scopus 로고
    • Adventure travel and sustainable tourism in the peripheral economy of Nepal
    • Zurick, D. (1992). Adventure travel and sustainable tourism in the peripheral economy of Nepal. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 82, 608-628.
    • (1992) Annals of the Association of American Geographers , vol.82 , pp. 608-628
    • Zurick, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.