Subeutectic growth of single-crystal silicon nanowires grown on and wrapped with graphene nanosheets: High-performance anode material for lithium-ion battery

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 6, Issue 16, 2014, Pages 13757-13764

  Hassan, Fathy M ^a   Elsayed, Abdel Rahman ^a   Chabot, Victor ^a   Batmaz, Rasim ^a   Xiao, Xingcheng ^b   Chen, Zhongwei ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^b GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

electrochemical performance; graphene; lithium ion battery; nanostructured catalyst; rate capability; silicon nanowires

Indexed keywords

ANODES; GRAPHENE; IONS; NANOCATALYSTS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOWIRES; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; SILICON WAFERS; SINGLE CRYSTALS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; HIGH CURRENT DENSITIES; HIGH-PERFORMANCE ANODE MATERIALS; INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS; NANO-STRUCTURED CATALYST; RATE CAPABILITIES; SILICON NANOWIRES; SINGLE CRYSTAL SILICON;

LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES;

EID: 84906809739     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/am5032067     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. 2 Embedded in Mesoporous Carbon Nanocomposites as Negative Electrode for Lithium Ion Batteries Electrochim. Acta 2012, 87, 844-852
2. 2 Core-Double-Shell Nanowire Arrays as High-Performance 3d Electrodes for Lithium Ion Batteries Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 5467-5473
3. 2 Nanotube as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 1855-1860
4. Tarascon, J.-M.; Armand, M. Issues and Challenges Facing Rechargable Lithium Batteries Nature 2001, 414, 359-367
5. Armand, M.; Tarascon, J.-M. Building Better Batteries Nature 2008, 451, 652-657
6. Yu, Y.; Gu, L.; Zhu, C.; Tsukimoto, S.; Aken, P. A.; Maier, J. Reversible Storage of Lithium in Silver-Coated Three-Dimensional Macroporous Silicon Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 2247-2250
7. Kim, H.; Seo, M.; Park, M.-H.; Cho, J. A Critical Size of Silicon Nano-Anodes for Lithium Rechargable Batteries Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2146-2149
8. Sharma, R. A.; Seefurth, R. N. Thermodynamic Properties of the Lithium-Silicon System J. Electrochem. Soc. 1976, 123, 1763-1768
9. Wu, H.; Cui, Y. Designing Nanostructured Si Anodes for High Energy Lithium Ion Batteries Nanotoday 2012, 7, 414-429
10. Chan, C. K.; Peng, H.; Liu, G.; McIlwraith, K.; Zhang, X. F.; Huggins, R. A.; Cui, Y. High-Performance Lithium Battery Anodes Using Silicon Nanowires Nat. Nanotechnol. 2008, 3, 31-35
11. Kim, H.; Han, B.; Choo, J.; Cho, J. Three-Dimensional Porous Silicon Particles for Use in High-Performance Lithium Secondary Batteries Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 10151-10154
12. Besenhard, J. O.; Yang, J.; Winter, M. Will Advanced Lithium-Alloy Anodes Have a Chance in Lithium-Ion Batteries? J. Power Sources 1997, 68, 87-90
13. Raimann, P. R.; Hochgatterer, N. S.; Korepp, C.; Möller, K. C.; Winter, M.; Schröttner, H.; Hofer, F.; Besenhard, J. O. Monitoring Dynamics of Electrode Reactions in Li-Ion Batteries by in-Situ Esem Ionics 2006, 12, 253-255
14. Beaulieu, L. Y.; Eberman, K. W.; Turner, R. L.; Krause, L. J.; Dahn, J. R. Colossal Reversible Volume Changes in Lithium Alloys Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2001, 4, A137-140
15. Holzapfel, M.; Buga, H.; Scheifele, W.; Novak, P.; Petrat, F.-M. A New Type of Nano-Sized Silicon/Carbon Composite Electrode for Reversible Lithium Insertion Chem. Commun. 2005, 12, 1566-1568
16. Wu, H.; Chan, G.; Choi, J. W.; Ryu, I.; Yao, Y.; McDowell, M. T.; Lee, S. E.; Jackson, A.; Yang, Y.; Hu, L.; Cui, Y. Stable Cycling of Double-Walled Silicon Nanotube Battery Anodes through Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Control Nat. Nanotechnol. 2012, 7, 310-315
17. Kasavajjula, U.; Wang, C.; Appleby, A. J. Nano- and Bulk-Silicon-Based Insertion Anodes for Lithium-Ion Secondary Cells J. Power Sources 2007, 163, 1003-1039
18. Ji, L.; Zhang, X. Evaluation of Si/Carbon Composite Nanofiber-Based Insertion Anodes for New-Generation Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries Energy Environ. Sci. 2010, 3, 124-129
19. Gómez Cámer, J. L.; Morales, J.; Sánchez, L.; Ruch, P.; Ng, S. H.; Kötz, R.; Novák, P. Nanosized Si/Cellulose Fiber/Carbon Composites as High Capacity Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Galvanostatic and Dilatometric Study Electrochim. Acta 2009, 54, 6713-6717
20. Liu, N.; Wu, H.; McDowell, M. T.; Yao, Y.; Wang, C.; Cui, Y. A Yolk-Shell Design for Stabilized and Scalable Li-Ion Battery Alloy Anodes Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 3315-3321
21. Luo, J.; Zhao, X.; Wu, J.; Jang, H. D.; Kung, H. H.; Huang, J. Crumpled Graphene-Encapsulated Si Nanoparticles for Lithium Ion Battery Anodes J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1824-1829
22. Zhou, X.; Yin, Y. X.; Wan, L. J.; Guo, Y. G. Facile Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles Inserted into Graphene Sheets as Improved Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 2198-2200
23. Jang, S.-M.; Miyawaki, J.; Tsuji, M.; Mochida, I.; Yoon, S.-H. The Preparation of a Novel Si-Cnf Composite as an Effective Anodic Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Carbon 2009, 47, 3383-3391
24. Zhao, X.; Hayner, C. M.; Kung, M. C.; Kung, H. H. In-Plane Vacancy-Enabled High-Poweer Si-Grphene Composite Electrode for Lithium-Ion Batteries Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 1079-1084
25. Lee, J. K.; Smith, K. B.; Hayner, C. M.; Kung, H. H. Silicon Nanoparticles-Graphene Paper Composites for Li Ion Battery Anodes Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 2025-2027
26. Tao, H.-C.; Fan, L.-Z.; Mei, Y.; Qu, X. Self-Supporting Si/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Films as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries Electrochem. Commun. 2011, 13, 1332-1335
27. Xin, X.; Zhou, X.; Wang, F.; Yao, X.; Xu, X.; Zhu, Y.; Liu, Z. A 3d Porous Architecture of Si/Graphene Nanocomposite as High-Performance Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 7724-7730
28. Cui, L.-F.; Ruffo, R.; Chan, C. K.; Peng, H.; Cui, Y. Crystalline-Amorphous Core-Shell Silicon Nanowires for High Capacity and High Current Battery Electrodes Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 491-495
29. Zhang, Q.; Cui, Y.; Wang, E. Anisotropic Lithium Insertion Behavior in Silicon Nanowires: Binding Energy, Diffusion Barrier, and Strain Effect J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 9376-9381
30. Wang, X. L.; Han, W. Q. Graphene Enhances Li Storage Capacity of Porous Single-Crystalline Silicon Nanowires ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2010, 2, 3709-3713
31. Zhang, C.; Gu, L.; Kaskhedikar, N.; Cui, G.; Maier, J. Preparation of Silicon@Silicon Oxide Core-Shell Nanowires from a Silica Precursor toward a High Energy Density Li-Ion Battery Anode ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 12340-12345
32. Lee, S. E.; Kim, H. J.; Kim, H.; Park, J. H.; Choi, D. G. Highly Robust Silicon Nanowire/Graphene Core-Shell Electrodes without Polymeric Binders Nanoscale 2013, 5, 8986-8991
33. Ge, M.; Rong, J.; Fang, X.; Zhang, A.; Lu, Y.; Zhou, C. Scalable Preparation of Porous Silicon Nanoparticles and Their Application for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes Nano Res. 2013, 6, 174-181
34. Wang, B.; Li, X.; Zhang, X.; Luo, B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhi, L. Contact-Engineered and Void-Involved Silicon/Carbon Nanohybrids as Lithium-Ion-Battery Anodes Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 3560-3565
35. Wu, Y.; Cui, Y.; Huynh, L.; Barrelet, C. J.; Bell, D. C.; Lieber, C. M. Controlled Growth and Structures of Molecular-Scale Silicon Nanowires Nano Lett. 2004, 4, 433-436
36. Park, M.-H.; Kim, M. G.; Joo, J.; Kim, K.; Kim, J.; Ahn, S.; Cui, Y.; Cho, J. Silicon Nanotube Battery Anodes Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 3844-3847
37. Hassan, F.; Chabot, V.; Elsayed, A. R.; Xiao, X.; Chen, Z. Engineered Si Electrode Nano-Architecture: A Scalable Treatment for the Production of Next-Generation Li-Ion Batteries Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 277-283
38. Schmidt, V.; Wittemann, J. V.; Senz, S.; Gösele, U. Silicon Nanowires: A Review on Aspects of Their Growth and Their Electrical Properties Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 2681-2702
39. Song, T.; Xia, J.; Lee, J.-H.; Lee, D. H.; Kwon, M.-S.; Choi, J.-M.; Wu, J.; Doo, S. K.; Chang, H.; Park, W. I.; Zang, D. S.; Kim, H.; Huang, Y.; Hwang, K.-C.; Rogers, J. A.; Paik, U. Arrays of Sealed Silicon Nanotubes as Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1710-1716
40. Morales, A. M.; Lieber, C. M. A Laser Ablation Method for the Synthesis of Crystalline Semiconductor Nanowires Science 1998, 279, 208-211
41. Givarigizov, E. I. Fundamentals Aspects of Vls Growth J. Cryst. Growth 1975, 31, 20-30
42. Wagner, R. S.; Ellis, W. C. Vapor-Liquid-Solid Mechanism of Single Crystal Growth Appl. Phys. Lett. 1964, 4, 89
43. Chabot, V.; Feng, K.; Park, H. W.; Hassan, F.; Elsayed, A. R.; Yu, A.; Xiao, X.; Chen, Z. Graphene Wrapped Silicon Nanocomposites for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Lithium Ion Batteries Electrochim. Acta 2014, 130, 127-134
44. Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Wang, N.; Yan, Y.; Huihua, Z.; Zhu, J. Synthesis of Thin Si Whiskers (Nanowires) Using Sicl4 J. Cryst. Growth 2001, 226, 185-191
45. Ren, J. G.; Wang, C.; Wu, Q. H.; Liu, X.; Yang, Y.; He, L.; Zhang, W. A Silicon Nanowire-Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as a High-Performance Lithium Ion Battery Anode Material Nanoscale 2014, 6, 3353-3360
46. Léonard, F.; Talin, A. A. Electrical Contacts to One- and Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Nat. Nanotechnol. 2011, 6, 773-783
47. Dellas, N. S.; Liu, B. Z.; Eichfield, S. M.; Mayer, T. S.; Mohney, S. E. Orientation Dependance of Nickel Silicide Formation in Contacts to Silicon Nanowires J. Appl. Phys. 2009, 105, 094309
48. Nash, P.; Nash, A. The Ni-Si (Nickel-Silicon) System Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams 1987, 9, 6-14
49. Hummers, W. S.; Offeman, R. E. Preparation of Graphitic Oxide J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 1339-1339
50. Lee, S. W.; McDowell, M. T.; Choi, J. W.; Cui, Y. Anomalous Shape Changes of Silicon Nanopillars by Electrochemical Lithiation Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3034-3039
51. Machado, B. F.; Serf, P. Graphene-Based Materials for Catalysis Catal. Sci. Technol. 2012, 2, 54-75
52. Chabot, V.; Higgins, D.; Yu, A.; Xiao, X.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, J. A Review of Graphene and Graphene Oxide Sponge: Material Synthesis and Applicatons to Energy and the Environment Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 1564-1596
53. Kingma, K. J.; Hemley, R. J. Raman Spectroscopic Study of Microcrystalline Silica Am. Mineral. 1994, 79, 269-273
54. Karakassides, M. A.; Gournis, D.; Petridis, D. An Infrared Reflectance Study of Si-O Vibrations in Thermally Treated Alkali-Saturated Montmorillonites Clay Miner 1999, 34, 429-438
55. Ferrari, A. C. Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene and Graphite: Disorder, Electron-Phonon Coupling, Doping and Nonadiabatic Effects Solid State Commun. 2007, 143, 47-57
56. Ferrari, A. C.; Meyer, J. C.; Scardaci, V.; Casiraghi, C.; Lazzeri, M.; Mauri, F.; Piscanec, S.; Jiang, D.; Novoselov, S. R.; Geim, A. K. Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 187401
57. Zou, Y. Q.; Wang, Y. NiO Nanosheets Grown on Graphene Nanosheets as Superior Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries Nanoscale 2011, 3, 2615-2620
58. Guo, P.; Song, H.; Chen, X. Electrochemical Performance of Graphene Nanosheets as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Electrochem. Commun. 2009, 11, 1320-1324
59. Pan, D.; Wang, S.; Zhao, B.; Wu, M.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y.; Jiao, Z. Li Storage Properties of Disordered Graphene Nanosheets Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3136-3142
60. Rahaman, M. S. A.; Ismail, A. F.; Mustafa, A. A Review of Heat Treatment on Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2007, 92, 1421-1432