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note
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Analysis of the images suggests that the nanowires correspond to at least 50% of the total product. The remainder of the product corresponds to clusters containing Si, Fe, and O.
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note
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Analysis of the high-resolution images shows that the Si(111) planes may be oriented from 90° to 85° relative to the growth axis.
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2 is the high-temperature crystal polytype. We believe that this crystal form is kinetically trapped when the nanowire growth is terminated by quenching on the cold finger.
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note
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x or
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x is not necessary for nanowire growth
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x) is not necessary for nanowire growth.
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note
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Si nanowires with 10-to 25-nm diameters have been reported recently in surface-supported VLS growth at 320°C (8). These nanowires, which have somewhat larger diameters than those produced in the present studies, have a substantial number of kink defects. At higher growth temperatures at which straight, crystalline nanowires (comparable with the present work) are produced, the nanowire diameters are substantially larger: 40 to 100 nm.
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note
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We thank F. Spaepen, W. Klemperer, J. H. Chen, and R. Gordon for discussions and Y. Lu and M. Frongillo for their help in obtaining TEM data. C.M.L. acknowledges support of this work by the Office of Naval Research and the NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center.
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