Bridging the mechanical and the human mind: Spontaneous mimicry of a physically present android

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 7, 2014, Pages

  Hofree, Galit ^a   Ruvolo, Paul ^b   Bartlett, Marian Stewart ^c,d   Winkielman, Piotr ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b FRANKLIN W OLIN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

^d Emotientcom   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRUGATOR MUSCLE; CORTICAL SYNCHRONIZATION; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EMOTIONALITY; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FACE MUSCLE; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HUMAN RELATION; HUMAN ROBOT INTERACTION; IMITATION; MALE; MAN MACHINE INTERACTION; PERCEPTION; ROBOTICS; SENSORY DEPRIVATION (INTENTIONAL); SPONTANEOUS MIMICRY; VIDEORECORDING; ZYGOMATICUS MUSCLE; ANGER; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; EMOTION; HAPPINESS; THEORY OF MIND;

ANGER; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EMOTIONS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HAPPINESS; HUMANS; IMITATIVE BEHAVIOR; MALE; MANIKINS; ROBOTICS; SOCIAL PERCEPTION; THEORY OF MIND; VIDEO RECORDING;

EID: 84904490592     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099934     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Preston SD, De Waal FB (2002) Empathy: Its ultimate and proximate bases. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25: 1-20. (Pubitemid 36150071)
2. Tomasello M (1999) The human adaptation for culture. Annual Review of Anthropology 28: 509-529.
3. Hatfield E, Cacioppo JT, Rapson RL (1992) Primitive emotional contagion. In: Clark MS, editor. Emotion and Social Behavior. Review of personality and social psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Vol. 14. pp. 151-177.
4. Brothers L (1990) The neural basis of primate social communication. Motiv Emot 14: 81-91. doi:10.1007/BF00991637
5. Dimberg U (1982) Facial Reactions to Facial Expressions. Psychophysiology 19: 643-647. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1982.tb02516.x
6. McIntosh DN, Reichmann Decker A, Winkielman P, Wilbarger JL (2006) When the social mirror breaks: deficits in automatic, but not voluntary, mimicry of emotional facial expressions in autism. Developmental Science 9: 295-302. (Pubitemid 43572366)
7. Oberman LM, Winkielman P, Ramachandran VS (2007) Face to face: blocking facial mimicry can selectively impair recognition of emotional expressions. Soc Neurosci 2: 167-178. doi:10.1080/17470910701391943 (Pubitemid 47190212)
8. Stel M, Van Knippenberg A (2008) The Role of Facial Mimicry in the Recognition of Affect. Psychological Science 19: 984-985. doi:10.1111/j.1467- 9280.2008.02188.x
9. Carr L, Iacoboni M, Dubeau M-C, Mazziotta JC, Lenzi GL (2003) Neural mechanisms of empathy in humans: A relay from neural systems for imitation to limbic areas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100: 5497-5502. doi:10.1073/pnas.0935845100 (Pubitemid 36542733)
10. Chartrand TL, Bargh JA (1999) The chameleon effect: the perception-behavior link and social interaction. J Pers Soc Psychol 76: 893-910.
11. Hasson U, Ghazanfar AA, Galantucci B, Garrod S, Keysers C (2012) Brain-to-brain coupling: a mechanism for creating and sharing a social world. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16: 114-121. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.12.007
12. Winkielman P, Kavanagh L (2013) The embodied perspective on emotioncognition interactions. In: Robinson MD, Watkins ER, Harmon-Jones E, editors. Handbook of cognition and emotion. New York NY: Guilford Press. pp. 212-230.
13. Gratch J, Okhmatovskaia A, Lamothe F, Marsella S, Morales M, et al. (2006) Virtual Rapport. In: Gratch J, Young M, Aylett R, Ballin D, Olivier P, editors. Intelligent Virtual Agents. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 14-27. Available: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10. 1007/11821830-2. Accessed 2013 February22.
14. Riek LD, Paul PC, Robinson P (2010) When my robot smiles at me: Enabling human-robot rapport via real-time head gesture mimicry. J Multimodal User Interfaces 3: 99-108. doi:10.1007/s12193-009-0028-2
15. Coradeschi S, Ishiguro H, Asada M, Shapiro SC, Thielscher M, et al. (2006) Human-Inspired Robots. IEEE Intell Syst 21: 74-85. doi:10.1109/MIS.2006. 72
16. Tanaka F, Cicourel A, Movellan JR (2007) Socialization between toddlers and robots at an early childhood education center. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104: 17954-17958. doi:10.1073/pnas.0707769104 (Pubitemid 350210803)
17. Heyes C (2011) Automatic imitation. Psychol Bull 137: 463-483. doi:10.1037/a0022288
18. Press C, Bird G, Flach R, Heyes C (2005) Robotic movement elicits automatic imitation. Cognitive Brain Research 25: 632-640. doi:10.1016/j. cogbrainres.2005.08.020 (Pubitemid 41774429)
19. Niedenthal PM, Mermillod M, Maringer M, Hess U (2010) The Simulation of Smiles (SIMS) Model: Embodied Simulation and the Meaning of Facial Expression. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33: 417-433. doi:10.1017/S0140525X10000865
20. Dimberg U, Thunberg M, Elmehed K (2000) Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychological Science 11: 86.
21. Moody EJ, McIntosh DN, Mann LJ, Weisser KR (2007) More than mere mimicry? The influence of emotion on rapid facial reactions to faces. Emotion 7: 447-457. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.447 (Pubitemid 46800384)
22. Goldman AI (2006) Simulating minds: the philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience of mindreading. Oxford University Press. 378 p.
23. Chouchourelou A, Golden A, Shiffrar M (2013) What Does "Biological Motion" really mean? Differentiating visual percepts of human, animal, and non-biological motions. In: Johnson K, Shiffrar M, editors. People Watching: Social, Perceptual, and Neurophysiological Studies of Body Perception. Oxford Series in Visual Cognition. New York NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 63-81.
24. Nadel J, Simon M, Canet P, Soussignan R, Blancard P, et al. (2006) Human responses to an expressive robot. Proceedngs of the sixth international workshop on epigentic robotics. Lund University Cognitive Studies, Vol. 128. pp. 79-86.
25. Likowski KU, Mühlberger A, Seibt B, Pauli P, Weyers P (2008) Modulation of facial mimicry by attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 44: 1065-1072. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2007.10.007
26. Weyers P, Mühlberger A, Hefele C, Pauli P (2006) Electromyographic responses to static and dynamic avatar emotional facial expressions. Psychophysiology 43: 450-453. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00451.x (Pubitemid 44370047)
27. Weyers P, Mühlberger A, Kund A, Hess U, Pauli P (2009) Modulation of facial reactions to avatar emotional faces by nonconscious competition priming. Psychophysiology 46: 328-335. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00771.x
28. Kiesler S, Powers A, Fussell SR, Torrey C (2008) Anthropomorphic Interactions with a Robot and Robot-like Agent. Social Cognition 26: 169-181. doi:10.1521/soco.2008.26.2.169
29. Trope Y, Liberman N (2010) Construal-level theory of psychological distance. Psychological Review 117: 440-463. doi:10.1037/a0018963
30. Sanchez-Vives MV, Slater M (2005) From presence to consciousness through virtual reality. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 6: 332-339. doi:10.1038/nrn1651 (Pubitemid 40476099)
31. Goldman AI, Sripada CS (2005) Simulationist Models of Face-Based Emotion Recognition. Cognition 94: 193-213. (Pubitemid 40247424)
32. Epley N, Waytz A, Cacioppo JT (2007) On Seeing Human: A Three-Factor Theory of Anthropomorphism. Psychological Review 114: 864-886.
33. Waytz A, Gray K, Epley N, Wegner DM (2010) Causes and consequences of mind perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14: 383-388. doi:10.1016/j.tics. 2010.05.006
34. Freud S (1919) Das Unheimliche. Gesammelte Werke 12: 229-268.
35. Mori M (1970) The uncanny valley. Energy 7: 33-35.
36. Saygin AP, Chaminade T, Ishiguro H, Driver J, Frith C (2012) The thing that should not be: predictive coding and the uncanny valley in perceiving human and humanoid robot actions. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 7: 413-422. doi:10.1093/scan/nsr025
37. Bourgeois P, Hess U (2008) The impact of social context on mimicry. Biological Psychology 77: 343-352. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.008
38. Lakin JL, Jefferis VE, Cheng CM, Chartrand TL (2003) The chameleon effect as social glue: Evidence for the evolutionary significance of nonconscious mimicry. Journal of nonverbal behavior 27: 145-162.
39. Wu T, Butko NJ, Ruvulo P, Bartlett MS, Movellan JR (2009) Learning to Make Facial Expressions. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning. IEEE. pp. 1-6.
40. Waytz A, Cacioppo J, Epley N (2010) Who sees human? The stability and importance of individual differences in anthropomorphism. Perspectives on Psychological Science 5: 219-232. doi:10.1177/1745691610369336
41. Fridlund AJ, Cacioppo JT (1986) Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology 23: 567-589. (Pubitemid 17201200)
42. Tassinary LG, Cacioppo JT (2000) The skeletomotor system: Surface electromyography. Handbook of psychophysiology 2: 163-199.
43. Orfanidis SJ (1988) Optimum Signal Processing: An Introduction. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan.
44. Davila Ross M, Menzler S, Zimmermann E (2008) Rapid facial mimicry in orangutan play. Biology letters 4: 27.
45. Cook R, Bird G, Catmur C, Press C, Heyes C (2014) Mirror neurons: From origin to function. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37: 177-192. doi:10.1017/S0140525X13000903