Effectiveness of screening hospital admissions to detect asymptomatic carriers of Clostridium difficile: A modeling evaluation

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology

Volumn 35, Issue 8, 2014, Pages 1043-1050

  Lanzas, Cristina ^a   Dubberke, Erik R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIAL TRANSMISSION; BACTERIUM CARRIER; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; CONTACT EXAMINATION; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT CARE; PREVALENCE; SCREENING; SIMULATION; WARD; ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS; CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS; CROSS INFECTION; MICROBIOLOGY; PEPTOCLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; THEORETICAL MODEL;

ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS; CROSS INFECTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PATIENT ADMISSION; PREVALENCE;

EID: 84904406665     PISSN: 0899823X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/677162     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Lucado J, Gould C, Elixhauser A. Clostridium difficile Infections (CDI) in Hospital Stays, 2009. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project statistical brief 124. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2012. http://www. hcup-us. ahrq. gov/reports/statbriefs/sb124. pdf. Accessed October 4, 2013.
2. O'Brien JA, Lahue BJ, Caro JJ, Davidson DM. The emerging infectious challenge of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in Massachusetts hospitals: clinical and economic consequences. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28: 1219-1227.
3. Dubberke ER, Butler AM, Reske KA, et al. Attributable outcomes of endemic Clostridium difficile-associated disease in nonsurgical patients. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14: 1031-1038.
4. McDonald C, Lessa F, Sievert D, et al. Vital signs: preventing Clostridium difficile infections. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012; 61: 157-162.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013. Atlanta: CDC, 2013. http://www. cdc. gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508. pdf. Accessed October 1, 2013.
6. Loo VG, Bourgault A-M, Poirier L, et al. Host and pathogen factors for Clostridium difficile infection and colonization. NEngl J Med 2011; 365: 1693-1703.
7. Loo VG, Poirier L, Miller MA, et al. A predominantly clonal multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2442-2449.
8. McDonald LC, Killgore GE, Thompson A, et al. An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2433-2441.
9. Cohen SH, Gerding DN, Johnson S, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31: 431-455.
10. Eyre DW, Cule ML, Wilson DJ, et al. Diverse sources of C. difficile infection identified on whole-genome sequencing. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 1195-1205.
11. Didelot X, Eyre D, Cule M, et al. Microevolutionary analysis of Clostridium difficile genomes to investigate transmission. Genome Biol 2012; 13: R118.
12. Curry SR, Muto CA, Schlackman JL, et al. Use of multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis genotyping to determine the role of asymptomatic carriers in Clostridium difficile transmission. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57: 1094-1102.
13. Leekha S, Aronhalt KC, Sloan LM, Patel R, Orenstein R. Asymptomatic Clostridium difficile colonization in a tertiary care hospital: admission prevalence and risk factors. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41: 390-393.
14. Clabots CR, Johnson S, Olson MM, Peterson LR, Gerding DN. Acquisition of Clostridium difficile by hospitalized patients: evidence for colonized new admissions as a source of infection. J Infect Dis 1992; 166(3): 561-567.
15. Lanzas C, Dubberke ER, Lu Z, Reske KA, Grohn YT. Epidemiological model for Clostridium difficile transmission in healthcare settings. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011; 32: 553-561.
16. Robicsek A, Beaumont JL, Paule SM, et al. Universal surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 3 affiliated hospitals. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148: 409-418.
17. Curry SR, Schlackman JL, Hamilton TM, et al. Perirectal swab surveillance for Clostridium difficile by use of selective broth preamplification and real-time PCR detection of tcdB. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49: 3788-3793.
18. Eastwood K, Else P, Charlett A, Wilcox M. Comparison of nine commercially available Clostridium difficile toxin detection assays, a real-time PCR assay for C. difficile tcdB, and a glutamate dehydrogenase detection assay to cytotoxin testing and cytotoxigenic culture methods. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 3211-3217.
19. Donskey CJ, Sunkesula VCK, Jencson AL, et al. Utility of a commercial PCR assay and a clinical prediction rule for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in asymptomatic carriers. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52: 315-318.
20. Bartsch SM, Curry SR, Harrison LH, Lee BY. The potential economic value of screening hospital admissions for Clostridium difficile. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 31: 3163-3171.
21. van Kleef E, Robotham J, Jit M, Deeny S, EdmundsW. Modelling the transmission of healthcare associated infections: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13: 294.
22. Grimm V, Berger U, DeAngelis DL, Polhill JG, Giske J, Railsback SF. The ODD protocol: a review and first update. Ecol Model 2010; 221: 2760-2768.
23. Sloan LM, Duresko BJ, Gustafson DR, Rosenblatt JE. Comparison of real-time PCR for detection of the tcdC gene with four toxin immunoassays and culture in diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46: 1996-2001.
24. Harris AD, Pineles L, Belton B, et al. Universal glove and gown use and acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the ICU: a randomized trial. J Am Med Assoc 2013; 310: 1571-1580.
25. Hsu J, Abad C, Dinh M, Safdar N. Prevention of endemic healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection: reviewing the evidence. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 2327-2339.
26. Dubberke ER. Prevention of healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection: what works? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31(suppl 1): S38-S41.
27. Walker AS, Eyre DW, Wyllie DH, et al. Characterisation of Clostridium difficile hospital ward-based transmission using extensive epidemiological data and molecular typing. PLoS Med 2012; 9: e1001172.
28. Muto CA, Blank MK, Marsh JW, et al. Control of an outbreak of infection with the hypervirulent Clostridium difficile BI strain in a university hospital using a comprehensive "bundle" approach. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45: 1266-1273.
29. Koll BS, Ruiz RE, Calfee DP, et al. Prevention of hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection in the New York metropolitan region using a collaborative intervention model. J Healthc Qual 2014; 36: 35-45.
30. Shim JK, Johnson S, Samore MH, Bliss DZ, Gerding DN. Pri-mary symptomless colonisation by Clostridium difficile and decreased risk of subsequent diarrhoea. Lancet 1998; 351: 633-666.
31. Gupta S, Miller M, Mehta V, et al. A large prospective North American epidemiologic study of hospital-associated Clostridium difficile colonization and infection. In: International Clostridium difficile Symposium; September 22, 2012; Bled, Slovenia. Abstract O20.