Letters to power: Public advocacy without public intellectuals

Letters to Power: Public Advocacy Without Public Intellectuals

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-197

  McCormick, Samuel ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 84904235650     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
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References (632)

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55. Seneca, Ad Lucilium epistulae morales, (1917), Ibid., 75.1-2.
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58. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 40.1.
59. Seneca, Epistulae morales, ibid., 8.2, 215.
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61. Miriam T. Griffin, Seneca: A Philosopher in Politics (1976) ibid., 417-18.
62. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 50.1.
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64. Trapp, "Introduction, " 25-26.
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70. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 38.1.
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72. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 34.2.
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78. Tacitus, Annals, 14.12.
79. Jürgen Malitz, Nero, trans. Allison Brown (Oxford: Blackwell, 2005), 15-23.
80. Tacitus, Annals, 13.4.
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82. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 57.11.3.
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84. Miriam T. Griffin, Nero: The End of a Dynasty (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984), 90.
85. Léon Homo, Roman Political Institutions: From City to State (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1962), 302.
86. Griffin, Nero, 60, 89-90.
87. Abbott, History and Description of Roman Political Institutions, 383-84.
88. Tacitus, Annals, 16.27.
89. Tacitus, Annals, Ibid., 16.22.
90. Griffin, Nero, 171-77.
91. Griffin, Seneca, 366.
92. Ramsay MacMullen, Enemies of the Roman Order: Treason, Unrest, and Alienation in the Empire (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1966), 46-48.
93. Griffin, Seneca, 102-3.
94. Griffin, Seneca, 365-66.
95. Seneca: Moral Essays, trans. John W. Basore (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1932), 18.1.
96. Griffin, Seneca, 320.
97. Seneca, De brevitate, 15.5.
98. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1177b.
99. Socrates, Republic, 496.
100. Hannah Arendt, The Human Condition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958), 14-15.
101. Seneca, De brevitate, 19.3.
102. Basore, Seneca, 5.5.
103. Basore, Seneca, Ibid., 4.1-3.
104. Basore, Seneca, Ibid., 5.4.
105. Basore, Seneca, Ibid., 10.4.
106. Basore, Seneca, Ibid., 14.2-3.
107. Basore, Seneca, 15.2-5.
108. Hannah Arendt, Thinking, in The Life of the Mind (San Diego: Harcourt, 1978), 156.
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110. Michel Foucault, Fearless Speech, ed. Joseph Pearson (Los Angeles: Semiotext[e], 2001), 150.
111. Basore, Seneca, 3.3-4.
112. Basore, Seneca, Ibid., 4.1.
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119. Seneca, De otio, 3.5.
120. Seneca, De otio, Ibid., 5.8.
121. Seneca, Aristotle's Politics, 1325b.
122. Martha C. Nussbaum, The Therapy of Desire: Theory and Practice in Hellenistic Ethics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996), 343-44.
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125. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 85.36-38.
126. Seneca, De otio, 6.1-3.
127. Paul Veyne, Seneca: The Life of a Stoic, trans. David Sullivan (New York: Routledge, 2003), 26.
128. Griffin, Seneca, 76-103.
129. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 68.2.
130. Jacques Rancière, Disagreement: Politics and Philosophy, trans. Julie Rose (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999).
131. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 73.7-8.
132. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 72.8-9.
133. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 74.12.
134. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 73.6.
135. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 72.9-10.
136. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 74.13.
137. Seneca, De otio, 4.2.
138. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 73.1-10.
139. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 75.1.
140. Griffin, Seneca, 337-39.
141. Veyne, Seneca, 119.
142. Vasily Rudich, Dissidence and Literature Under Nero: The Price of Rhetoricization (London: Routledge, 1997), 100.
143. Griffin, Seneca, 338.
144. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 43.3-5.
145. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 94.69-71.
146. Seneca, Epistulae morales, Ibid., 19.2-3.
147. Seneca, De tranquillitate animi, 5.4.
148. Seneca, De tranquillitate animi, Ibid., 19.3-4.
149. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 68.3-5.
150. Aristotle, Metaphysics, 1004a.
151. Ross Chambers, "Narratorial Authority and 'The Purloined Letter, '" in The Purloined Poe: Lacan, Derrida, and Psychoanalytic Reading, ed. John P. Muller and William J. Richardson (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988), 300-301.
152. Martin Heidegger, Early Greek Thinking, trans. David Farrell Krell and Frank A. Capuzzi (New York: Harper & Row, 1975), 106-7.
153. http://www.iowacity.org/weblink/docview.aspx?id=5489&Page=28.
154. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 14.7-8.
155. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 103.5.
156. Veyne, Seneca, 160.
157. Veyne, Seneca, 163.
158. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 73.1-2.
159. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 103.4-5.
160. Griffin, Seneca, 362.
161. Rudich, Dissidence and Literature Under Nero, 68.
162. Veyne, Seneca, 160-61.
163. Tacitus, Annals, 14.57.
164. Griffin, Nero, 175.
165. Griffin, Seneca, 363.
166. Veyne, Seneca, 161.
167. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, vol. 1, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967), 1030.
168. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 22.8-9.
169. Foucault, The Hermeneutics of the Subject, 110-11.
170. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 26.4-7.
171. Seneca, Epistulae morales, ibid., 30.18.
172. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 61.3-4.
173. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 69.6.
174. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 70.17.
175. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 101.7-8.
176. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 114.26-27.
177. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 6.5.
178. Nussbaum, Therapy of Desire, 340.
179. Stanley K. Stowers, Letter Writing in Greco- Roman Antiquity (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1986), 38.
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192. Giorgio Agamben, The Coming Community, trans. Michael Hardt (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993), 9-10.
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194. Roland Barthes, The Semiotic Challenge, trans. Richard Howard (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), 56.
195. Joseph R. Strayer, On the Medieval Origins of the Modern State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970), 75.
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197. Richard Vaughan, Valois Burgundy (Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1975), 50.
198. Richard Vaughan, Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962), 57.
199. Joseph R. Strayer, Review of Le domaine du roi et les finances extraordinaires sous Charles VI, 1388-1413.
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201. Maurice Rey, American Historical Review 71 (1966): 935-36.
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203. Edmund Fryde, "Royal Fiscal Systems and State Formation in France from the 13th to the 16th Century, with Some English Comparisons, " Journal of Historical Sociology 4, no. 3 (1991): ibid., 273-74.
204. Strayer, Review of Le domaine du roi et les finances extraordinaires sous Charles VI, 1388-1413.
205. Strayer, Les finances royales sous Charles VI: Les causes du deficit, 1388-1413, 935.
206. Robert J. Knecht, The Valois: Kings of France, 1328-1589 (London: Hambledon Continuum, 2004), 47.
207. R. C. Famiglietti, Royal Intrigue: Crisis at the Court of Charles VI, 1392-1420 (New York: AMS Press, 1986), 25.
208. Tracy Adams, "Christine de Pizan, Isabeau of Bavaria, and Female Regency, " French Historical Studies 32, no. 1 (2009): 1-32.
209. Katherine Crawford, Perilous Performances: Gender and Regency in Early Modern France (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004).
210. Famiglietti, Royal Intrigue, 28.
211. Hilary J. Bernstein, Between Crown and Community: Politics and Civic Culture in Sixteenth-Century Poitiers (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004), 101-2.
212. Richard S. Katz, Democracy and Elections (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 20-21.
213. Tracy, "Christine de Pizan, Isabeau of Bavaria, and Female Regency, " 13.
214. Famiglietti, Royal Intrigue, 32.
215. Tracy, "Christine de Pizan, Isabeau of Bavaria, and Female Regency, " 13.
216. Richard Vaughan, John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1966), 41.
217. Rachel Gibbons, "Isabeau of Bavaria, Queen of France (1385-1422): The Creation of an Historical Villainess, " Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6 (1996): 63.
218. Rachel Gibbons, A Parisian Journal, 1405-1449, trans. Janet Shirley (London: Oxford University Press, 1968), 48.
219. George A. Kennedy, Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times, 2nd ed. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999), 214.
220. James J. Murphy, Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: The History of Rhetorical Theory from Saint Augustine to the Renaissance (Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2001), chap. 4.
221. Martin Camargo, "Rhetoric, " in The Seven Liberal Arts in the Middle Ages, ed. David L. Wagner (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1983), 108.
222. Ernst Robert Curtius, European Literature in the Latin Middle Ages (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990), 75-76.
223. Johan Huizinga, The Waning of the Middle Ages: A Study of the Forms of Life, Thought, and Art in France and the Netherlands in the XIVth and XVth Centuries (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985), 12.
224. Giles Constable, Letters and Letter-Collections (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1976), 11.
225. Martin Camargo, "Medieval Rhetoric: What Was It and Why Should We Care?, " unpublished manuscript, 18.
226. Donald E. Queller, The Office of Ambassador in the Middle Ages (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967), 7.
227. Erin A. Sadlack, "'In Writing It May Be Spoke': The Politics of Women's Letter- Writing, 1377-1603" (Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland, 2005), 51.
228. Joyce Coleman, Public Reading and the Reading Public in Late Medieval England and France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
229. Sadlack, "In Writing It May Be Spoke, " 50-56.
230. Alexander Gelley, "Introduction, " in Unruly Examples: On the Rhetoric of Exemplarity, ed. Alexander Gelley (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995), 5.
231. History in The Philosophy of History, trans. John Sibree (New York: Dover, 1956), 6.
232. Earl Jeffrey Richards, "Introduction, " in The Book of the City of Ladies (1405), by Christine de Pizan, trans. Earl Jeffrey Richards (New York: Persea Books, 1998), xxxiv.
233. Christine de Pizan, "An Epistle to the Queen of France, " in The Epistle of the Prison of Human Life, with an Epistle to the Queen of France and Lament on the Evils of Civil War, ed. and trans. Josette A. Wisman (New York: Garland, 1984), 71, 73, 75.
234. Raymond Thomassy, Essai sur les écrits politiques de Christine de Pisan, suivi d'une notice littéraire et de pièces inédites (Paris: Debécourt, 1838).
235. Charity Cannon Willard, "An Autograph Manuscript of Christine de Pizan?, " Studi Francesi 27 (1965): 452-57.
236. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 75.
237. Pizan, The Book of the City of Ladies, 2.341.
238. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 77.
239. Pizan, The Book of the City of Ladies, 2.321.
240. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 77.
241. Pizan, The Book of the City of Ladies, 1.132.
242. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 77.
243. Pizan, The Book of the City of Ladies, 2.495.
244. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 81.
245. Thomas M. Greene, The Light in Troy: Imitation and Discovery in Renaissance Poetry (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982).
246. Charity Cannon Willard, Christine de Pizan: Her Life and Works (New York: Persea Books, 1984), 135.
247. Curtius, European Literature in the Latin Middle Ages, 59-60.
248. Lyons, Exemplum, 26-28.
249. Irene E. Harvey, "Derrida and the Issues of Exemplarity, " in Derrida: A Critical Reader, ed. David Wood (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992), 193-217.
250. Alcuin Blamires, The Case for Women in Medieval Culture (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 231-44.
251. R. Howard Bloch, "Medieval Misogyny, " Representations 20 (1987): 1-24.
252. Eileen Power, "Medieval Ideas About Women, " in Medieval Women (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975), 1-26.
253. Earl Jeffrey Richards, "'Seulette a part'-The 'Little Woman on the Sidelines' Takes up Her Pen: The Letters of Christine de Pizan, " in Dear Sister: Medieval Women and the Epistolary Genre, ed. Karen Cherewatuk and Ulrike Wiethaus (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), 139-70.
254. Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, In Memory of Her: A Feminist Theological Reconstruction of Christian Origins (New York: Crossroad, 1983), 254-57.
255. Lyons, Exemplum, xi.
256. Gelley, "Introduction, " 12.
257. Norbert Elias, The Court Society, trans. Edmund Jephcott (Oxford: Blackwell, 1983), 1.
258. Fredric Jameson, The Political Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989), 29-30.
259. Lyons, Exemplum, 28-31.
260. Lyons, Exemplum, Ibid., 31.
261. Jacques Derrida, "The Law of Genre, " Glyph: Textual Studies 7 (1980): 202-29.
262. Gelley, "Introduction, " 14.
263. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgment, trans. Werner S. Pluhar (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987), 4.
264. Immanuel Kant, Perilous Performances, 7.
265. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 77.
266. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 73.
267. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 81.
268. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 79.
269. Lauren Berlant, "The Female Complaint, " Social Text 19/20 (Fall 1988): 237-59.
270. Lauren Berlant, The Female Complaint: The Unfinished Business of Sentimentality in American Culture (Durham: Duke University Press, 2008).
271. Nancy Dean, "Chaucer's Complaint: A Genre Descended from the Heriodes, " Comparative Literature 19, no. 1 (Winter 1967): 1-27.
272. Linda Leppig, "The Political Rhetoric of Christine de Pizan, " in Politics, Gender, and Genre: The Political Thought of Christine de Pizan, ed. Margaret Brabant (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1992), 143.
273. Margarete Zimmermann, "Vox Femina, Vox Politica, " in Brabant, Politics, Gender, and Genre, 113-27.
274. Tom Lutz, Crying: The Natural and Cultural History of Tears (New York: Norton, 1999).
275. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 75.
276. John MacQueen, Allegory (London: Methuen, 1970), 55.
277. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 75, 83.
278. Arendt, Human Condition, 18.
279. Kenneth Burke, A Rhetoric of Motives (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969), 220.
280. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 73-75.
281. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 77.
282. Pizan, "Epistle to the Queen, " 79-81.
283. Bernard Comrie, Tense (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 69-75.
284. Hans-Jost Frey, "On Presentation in Benjamin, " in Walter Benjamin: Theoretical Questions, ed. David S. Ferris (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996), 139-64.
285. Benjamin, Arcades Project, 21.
286. Martin Heidegger, Being and Time, trans. John Macquarrie and Edward Robinson (New York: Harper & Row, 1962), 374.
287. Giorgio Agamben, The Time That Remains: A Commentary on the Letter to the Romans, trans. Patricia Dailey (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005), 74.
288. Benjamin, Arcades Project, 3, 1.
289. Walter Benjamin, The Origin of German Tragic Drama, trans. John Osborne (London: Verso, 1998), 45.
290. Richards, "Introduction, " xix.
291. Karlyn Kohrs Campbell, Man Cannot Speak for Her (New York: Greenwood Press, 1989), 52.
292. Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Beyond the Double Bind: Women and Leadership (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), 91-98.
293. Giorgio Agamben, Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy, ed. and trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999), 184.
294. Peter Gay, The Enlightenment: An Interpretation (New York: Norton, 1966), 2:61.
295. Pamela E. Selwyn, Everyday Life in the German Book Trade: Friedrich Nicolai as Bookseller and Publisher in the Age of Enlightenment, 1750-1810 (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000), 2.
296. James J. Sheehan, German History, 1770-1886 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989), 175.
297. James J. Sheehan, German History, 1770-1886 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989), 203.
298. Gay, Enlightenment, 2:79.
299. Jürgen Habermas, Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, trans. Thomas Berger (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1991).
300. F. V. L. Plessing, Kant: Philosophical Correspondence (1759-1799), ed. and trans. Arnulf Zweig (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967), 114.
301. Steven Lestition, "Kant and the End of the Enlightenment in Prussia, " Journal of Modern European History 65 (March 1993): 64-65.
302. J. G. Kiesewetter, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, trans. and ed. Arnulf Zweig (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 378.
303. Christopher Clark, Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006), 269.
304. James Schmidt, "Introduction: What Is Enlightenment?, " in What Is Enlightenment? Eighteenth-Century Answers and Twentieth-Century Questions, ed. James Schmidt (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996), 6.
305. Michael J. Sauter, "Visions of the Enlightenment: The Edict on Religion of 1788 and Political Reaction in Eighteenth-Century Prussia" (Ph.D. diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 2002), 14-15.
306. Henri Brunschwig, Enlightenment and Romanticism in Eighteenth-Century Prussia, trans. Frank Jellinek (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 170.
307. Ian Hunter, "Kant's Religion and Prussian Religious Policy, " Modern Intellectual History 2, no. 1 (2005): 12.
308. Clark, Iron Kingdom, 270.
309. Clark, Iron Kingdom, ibid., 271.
310. Selwyn, Everyday Life in the German Book Trade, 192.
311. George Di Giovanni, Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, 42.
312. Allen W. Wood, "General Introduction, " xix.
313. Immanuel Kant: Religion and Rational Theology, ed. and trans. Allen W. Wood and George Di Giovanni (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
314. Selwyn, Everyday Life in the German Book Trade, 194-95.
315. Lestition, "Kant and the End of the Enlightenment in Prussia, " 66.
316. Brunschwig, Enlightenment and Romanticism in Eighteenth-Century Prussia, 168.
317. Klaus Epstein, The Genesis of German Conservatism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1966), 365.
318. Robert O'Neil, Academic Freedom in the Wired World: Political Extremism, Corporate Power, and the University (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008), 105-7.
319. Immanuel Kant, "On the Miscarriage of All Philosophical Trials in Theodicy, " trans. George di Giovanni, in Wood and Di Giovanni Immanuel Kant, 37.
320. Brunschwig, Enlightenment and Romanticism in Eighteenth-Century Prussia, 168.
321. Schmidt, "Introduction: What Is Enlightenment?, " 13.
322. Thomas P. Saine, Black Bread-White Bread: German Intellectuals and the French Revolution (Columbia, S.C.: Camden House, 1988).
323. Sheehan, German History, 293.
324. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 377.
325. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 458-59.
326. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 485-86.
327. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 486-88.
328. Manfred Kuehn, Kant: A Biography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 380.
329. Wood, "General Introduction, " xx-xxi.
330. Ernst Cassirer, Kant's Life and Thought, trans. James Haden (1918. trans., New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981), 395.
331. J. H. Tieftrunk, Zweig Philosophical Correspondence, 238-39.
332. J. H. Tieftrunk, Zweig Philosophical Correspondence, 249-50.
333. Immanuel Kant, The Conflict of the Faculties, trans. Mary J. Gregor and Robert Anchor, 248, 255.
334. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 26.
335. John Christian Laursen, "The Subversive Kant: The Vocabulary of 'Public' and 'Publicity, '" Political Theory 14, no. 4 (November 1986): 584-603.
336. Onora O'Neill, "The Public Use of Reason, " Political Theory 14, no. 4 (November 1986): 523-51.
337. Immanuel Kant, "An Answer to the Question: 'What Is Enlightenment?'" (1784).
338. Kant: Political Writings, ed. Hans Reiss, trans. H. B. Nisbet (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 55.
339. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 40.
340. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 161.
341. Kant, "An Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment?, " 57.
342. O'Neill, "Public Use of Reason, " 530.
343. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Norman Kemp Smith (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1965), A820/B849, 645.
344. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 53.
345. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 198.
346. Kant, Critique of Judgment, Ibid., 53, 197.
347. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 90, 354-55.
348. Kant, Critique of Judgment, Ibid., 53, 197.
349. Kant, Critique of Judgment, Ibid., 90, 355.
350. Karl Jaspers, Kant (1957).
351. Hannah Arendt, trans. Ralph Manheim (New York: Harcourt and Brace, 1962), 79.
352. Burke, Rhetoric of Motives, 269-74.
353. Zweig, Philosophical Correspondence, 126-27.
354. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 40-41.
355. Kant, The Conflict of the Faculties, 242.
356. Kant, The Conflict of the Faculties, Ibid., 255.
357. Immanuel Kant, "Perpetual Peace, " in Reiss and Nisbet, Kant: Political Writings, 115.
358. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 25.
359. Sheehan, German History, 190.
360. Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations, rev. ed., ed. Eric Dunning, Johan Goudsblom, and Stephen Mennell, trans. Edmund Jephcott (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 17.
361. Keith Michael Baker, "Politics and Public Opinion Under the Old Regime: Some Reflections, " in Press and Politics in Pre-revolutionary France, ed. Jack R. Censer and Jeremy D. Popkin (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), 213.
362. Benjamin Nathans, "Habermas's 'Public Sphere' in the Era of the French Revolution, " French Historical Studies 16, no. 3 (1990): 639.
363. Baker, "Politics and Public Opinion, " 214.
364. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 48-51.
365. Margaret C. Jacob, Living the Enlightenment: Freemasonry and Politics in Eighteenth- Century Europe (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 21.
366. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, 51.
367. Immanuel Kant, Gesammelte Schriften (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1923), 12.406.
368. Kant, The Conflict of the Faculties, 259.
369. Bruce Robbins, "Introduction: The Grounding of Intellectuals, " in Robbins, Intellectuals, ix-xxvii.
370. Kant, "An Answer to the Question: 'What Is Enlightenment?, '" 54.
371. Augustine of Hippo, Confessions, 2nd ed., ed. Michael P. Foley, trans. F. J. Sheed (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2006), 42.
372. Charles Dickens, David Copperfield (1850. repr., London: Penguin, 2004), 581.
373. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Practical Reason (1788), trans. Mary Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 66.
374. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 28.
375. Immanuel Kant, Lectures on Ethics (1775-80), trans. Louis Infield (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1963), 228.
376. Robert Hariman, Political Style: The Artistry of Power (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995), 172.
377. Gilles Deleuze, Difference and Repetition (1968), trans. Paul Patton (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994), 5.
378. Hannah Arendt, Crises of the Republic (New York: Harcourt, 1969), 67.
379. Johan Vereycken, Hans Vertommen, and Jozef Corveleyn, "Authority Conflicts and Personality Disorders, " Journal of Personality Disorders 16, no. 1 (February 2002): 47-48.
380. Theodore Millon and Seth Grossman, Overcoming Resistant Personality Disorders: A Personalized Psychotherapy Approach (Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2007), 275.
381. Jared Sandberg, "Passive Aggression May Be the Perfect Office Crime, " The Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah), 27 November 2005.
382. James C. Scott, Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985), 273.
383. James C. Scott, Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (1985) Ibid., 37.
384. Onora O'Neill, Constructions of Reason: Explorations of Kant's Practical Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 37-38.
385. Hugh Tredennick, in The Collected Dialogues of Plato, ed. Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns (New York: Pantheon Books, 1961), 38e.
386. Anthony Grafton, Worlds Made by Words: Scholarship and Community in the Modern West (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009), 256.
387. Robbins, "Introduction: The Grounding of Intellectuals, " xix.
388. Robbins, Secular Vocations, x.
389. Zweig, Immanuel Kant: Correspondence, 478-79.
390. Kant, The Conflict of the Faculties, 313.
391. Plato, Apology, 38-39.
392. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 105.3.
393. Plato, Apology, 38.
394. Joakim Garff, Søren Kierkegaard: A Biography, trans. Bruce H. Kirmmse (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005), 215.
395. Ronald M. Green, Kierkegaard and Kant: The Hidden Debt (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992), 218.
396. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 420.
397. Stewart Oakley, A Short History of Denmark (New York: Praeger, 1972), 170.
398. Stewart Oakley, A Short History of Denmark (1972) ibid., 176.
399. Peter Vinten-Johansen, "Johan Ludvig Heiberg and His Audience in Nineteenth-Century Denmark, " in Kierkegaard and His Contemporaries: The Culture of Golden Age Denmark, ed. Jon Stewart (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2003), 347-354.
400. Bruce H. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990), 157.
401. Alastair Hannay, Kierkegaard: A Biography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 17.
402. Hannay, Kierkegaard, 18.
403. Søren Kierkegaard, Works of Love, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995), 460.
404. Søren Kierkegaard, Two Ages: The Age of Revolution and the Present Age: A Literary Review, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978), 92, 84.
405. Søren Kierkegaard, Two Ages: The Age of Revolution and the Present Age: A Literary Review, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978), 94.
406. Søren Kierkegaard, Two Ages: The Age of Revolution and the Present Age: A Literary Review, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978) 105.
407. Søren Kierkegaard, Two Ages: The Age of Revolution and the Present Age: A Literary Review, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978) 136.
408. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 275.
409. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 107, 87.
410. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 92.
411. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 93.
412. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 106.
413. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 85.
414. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 108.
415. Hannay, Kierkegaard, 339.
416. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, vol. 2, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978), 636.
417. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 107.
418. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 107-9.
419. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 306.
420. Søren Kierkegaard, Journal and Papers, vol. 5, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978), 318.
421. Søren Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair and Articles Related to the Writings, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982), 176.
422. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong, "Historical Introduction, in Kierkegaard, The Corsair" Affair and Articles Related to the Writings, ix.
423. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 176, 224.
424. Hong and Hong, "Historical Introduction, " vii.
425. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 114, 47.
426. O. P. Sturzen-Becker, Encounters with Kierkegaard: A Life as Seen by His Contemporaries, ed. Bruce H. Kirmmse, trans. Bruce H. Kirmmse and Virginia R. Laursen (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), 94.
427. Kirmmse, Encounters with Kierkegaard, 89.
428. Søren Kierkegaard, The Point of View, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), 61.
429. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 217.
430. Kierkegaard, The Point of View, 62.
431. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 217.
432. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, Ibid., 220.
433. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 222.
434. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 226.
435. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 238.
436. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 229.
437. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 290.
438. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 238.
439. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 223.
440. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 209.
441. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 239.
442. Kierkegaard, The Point of View, 60.
443. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 222.
444. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 357.
445. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 402.
446. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 418.
447. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 359.
448. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 415.
449. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 419.
450. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 416.
451. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 425.
452. Jørgen Bukdahl, Søren Kierkegaard and the Common Man (1961), trans. Bruce H. Kirmmse (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2001), 57.
453. W. Glyn Jones, Denmark (New York: Praeger, 1970), 64-66.
454. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 416.
455. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 329-30.
456. Garff, Søren Kierkegaard, 548-50.
457. Hannay, Kierkegaard, 382.
458. Joseph Westfall, The Kierkegaardian Author: Authorship and Performance in Kierkegaard's Literary and Dramatic Criticism (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2007), 226-29.
459. Joseph Westfall, The Kierkegaardian Author: Authorship and Performance in Kierkegaard's Literary and Dramatic Criticism (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2007) 248-70.
460. Hugh S. Pyper, "The Stage and Stages in a Christian Authorship, " in International Kierkegaard Commentary, vol. 17, ed. Robert L. Perkins (Macon: Mercer University Press, 2007), 299-319.
461. Joseph Westfall, "The Actress and an Actress in the Life of a Critic: Higher Criticism in 'The Crisis, '" in Perkins, International Kierkegaard Commentary, 17:321-43.
462. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 179.
463. Klaus-Michael Kodalle, "The Utilitarian Self and the 'Useless' Passion of Faith, " in The Cambridge Companion to Kierkegaard, ed. Alastair Hannay and Gordon D. Marino (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 410.
464. Søren Kierkegaard, "Of the Difference Between a Genius and an Apostle, " in The Present Age, trans. Alexander Dru (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1962), 96.
465. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 1:44, 43.
466. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 274.
467. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 275.
468. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 277.
469. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 109.
470. Søren Kierkegaard, Prefaces/Writing Sampler, ed. and trans. Todd W. Nichol (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), 1935.
471. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 1:280.
472. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 275.
473. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 1:280.
474. Søren Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 258.
475. Søren Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, ed. and trans. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), 127-33.
476. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 1:281.
477. Hamilton and Cairns, Collected Dialogues of Plato, 361b.
478. Hamilton and Cairns, Practice in Christianity, 129.
479. Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, 128.
480. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 318.
481. Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, 129.
482. Kierkegaard, The Point of View, 60.
483. Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, 238.
484. Kierkegaard, The Point of View, 60.
485. Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, 137.
486. Kierkegaard, Practice in Christianity, 133.
487. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 276.
488. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 2:44.
489. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 314-15.
490. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 36-37.
491. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 315.
492. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 74-76.
493. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 432-33.
494. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 229.
495. Vinten-Johansen, "Johan Ludvig Heiberg and His Audience in Nineteenth-Century Denmark, " 354.
496. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 140.
497. Vinten-Johansen, "Johan Ludvig Heiberg and His Audience in Nineteenth-Century Denmark, " 354.
498. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 413.
499. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 315-16.
500. William Shakespeare, The Riverside Shakespeare, ed. G. Blakemore Evans (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974), 3.2.39-59.
501. Plutarch's Lives, trans. Dryden, ed. Arthur Hugh Clough (Lawrence, Kans.: Digireads.com, 2009), 1:157.
502. William Shakespeare, Early English Text Society 74 (1898): 12-13.
503. Hennig Fenger and Frederick J. Marker, The Heibergs (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1971), 158.
504. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 140.
505. Kirmmse, Kierkegaard in Golden Age Denmark, 167-68.
506. Jon Stewart, Kierkegaard's Relations to Hegel Reconsidered (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 428.
507. Kierkegaard, The Corsair, 113-14.
508. Bruce H. Kirmmse, "A Rose with Thorns: Hans Christian Anderson's Relation to Kierkegaard, " in International Kierkegaard Commentary, vol. 1, ed. Robert L. Perkins (Macon: Mercer University Press, 1999), 76.
509. Kirmmse, Encounters with Kierkegaard, 138.
510. Deleuze, Difference and Repetition, 7.
511. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 316.
512. Burke, Rhetoric of Motives, 39, 167.
513. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 456-57.
514. Kierkegaard, The Point of View, 58-59.
515. Steven Greenblatt, Renaissance Self-Fashioning: From More to Shakespeare (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980), 161-63.
516. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 316.
517. Kierkegaard, Prefaces/Writing Sampler, x.
518. Kierkegaard, The Corsair Affair, 99.
519. Kierkegaard, Prefaces/Writing Sampler, 23.
520. Kierkegaard, Matt. 6:28-29.
521. Kierkegaard, Kings 10:4-7.
522. Kierkegaard, Chron. 9:4-6, 20-22.
523. Kierkegaard, Prefaces/Writing Sampler, 24.
524. Kierkegaard, Prefaces/Writing Sampler, Ibid., 6.
525. Kierkegaard, Works of Love, 456.
526. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 413.
527. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, Ibid., 318.
528. Kierkegaard, Matt. 11:16-17.
529. Westfall, Kierkegaardian Author, 270.
530. Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong, "Historical Introduction, " in Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, xvi.
531. Kenneth Burke, "The Rhetorical Situation, " in Communication: Ethical and Moral Issues, ed. Lee Thayer (New York: Gordon and Breach, 1973), 263-75.
532. David Randall, "Epistolary Rhetoric, the Newspaper, and the Public Sphere, " Past and Present 198, no. 1 (February 2008): 3-32.
533. Gary Schneider, The Culture of Epistolarity: Vernacular Letters and Letter Writing in Early Modern England, 1500-1700 (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2005), 143-82.
534. Gary Schneider, The Culture of Epistolarity: Vernacular Letters and Letter Writing in Early Modern England, 1500-1700 (Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2005) 201-21.
535. Gerard A. Hauser, Vernacular Voices: The Rhetoric of Publics and Public Spheres (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1999), 57-81.
536. Gerard A. Hauser, "The Intellectuals and Power: A Discussion Between Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze, " trans. Mark Seem, Telos 16 (1973): 103-9.
537. Hong and Hong, "Historical Introduction, " Christian Discourses/The Crisis, xvii.
538. Søren Kierkegaard, Letters and Documents, trans. Henrik Rosenmeier (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978), 389-90.
539. Søren Kierkegaard, Letters and Documents, (1978) Ibid., 388.
540. Kierkegaard, Christian Discourses/The Crisis, 456.
541. Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Empire (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000), 212.
542. Arendt, Thinking, 72.
543. Cicero, Orator, trans. H. M. Hubbell (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997), 63-64.
544. Hamilton and Cairns, Collected Dialogues of Plato, 52b.
545. Dewey, "Academic Freedom, " 64.
546. Jacoby, Last Intellectuals, 6.
547. Campbell, Man Cannot Speak for Her, 52.
548. Jamieson, Beyond the Double Bind, 91-98.
549. Jacoby, Last Intellectuals, 236.
550. Bertolt Brecht, Stories of Mr. Keuner, trans. Martin Chalmers (San Francisco: City Lights Books, 2001), 3-4.
551. Seneca, Epistulae morales, 73.1-2.
552. Strauss, On Tyranny, 205-6.
553. Strauss, Persecution and the Art of Writing, 25.
554. Strauss, The City and the Man, 54.
555. Jeff Goodwin, No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movements, 1945-1991 ( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 9.
556. Robin D. G. Kelley, Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class (New York: Free Press, 1994).
557. Lisa Wedeen, Ambiguities of Domination: Politics, Rhetoric, and Symbols in Contemporary Syria (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999).
558. Hank Johnston, "Talking the Walk: Speech Acts and Resistance in Authoritarian Regimes, " in Repression and Mobilization, ed. Christian Davenport, Hank Johnston, and Carol Mueller (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005), 108-37.
559. Kembrew McLeod, "The Day I Killed Freedom of Expression, " Huffington Post, 20 July 2010, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kembrew-mcleod/the- day-i-killed-freedom-b-652094.html.
560. John Durham Peters, Courting the Abyss: Free Speech and the Liberal Tradition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005), 1.
561. Elizabeth Markovits, The Politics of Sincerity: Plato, Frank Speech, and Democratic Judgment (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008), 65-68.
562. Burke, Rhetoric of Motives, 141.
563. Hannah Arendt, "What Is Authority?, " in Between Past and Future, 92-93.
564. Hannah Arendt, Crises of the Republic, 144.
565. Markovits, Politics of Sincerity, 69, 130-31.
566. Nancy Fraser, "Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy, " in Habermas and the Public Sphere, ed. Craig Calhoun (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992), 109-42.
567. Sidney Tarrow, Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 2.
568. Charles Tilly, Social Movements, 1768-2004 (Boulder, Colo.: Paradigm, 2004), 3.
569. Scott, Weapons of the Weak, xvi.
570. Margaret A. Gibson, Accommodation Without Assimilation: Sikh Immigrants in an American High School (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988).
571. Paul E. Willis, Learning to Labor: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs (Westmead, U.K.: Saxon House, 1977), 11-13.
572. Linda Schlossberg, "Rites of Passing, " in Passing: Identity and Interpretation in Sexuality, Race, and Religion, ed. María Carla Sánchez and Linda Schlossberg (New York: New York University Press, 2001), 1-12.
573. Scott, Weapons of the Weak, xv.
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575. Brown and Levinson, Politeness, 70-71.
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580. Alain Badiou, Being and Event, trans. Oliver Feltham (New York: Continuum, 2005), 110.
581. Pierre Bourdieu, "The Corporatism of the Universal: The Role of Intellectuals in the Modern World, " trans. Carolyn Betensky, Telos 81 (1989): 109.
582. Pierre Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993), 105.
583. Pierre Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993) 125.
584. Pierre Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993) 164.
585. Pierre Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993)198.
586. Pierre Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993) 281, n 11.
587. Plato, Republic, 495e.
588. Jacques Rancière, "Proletarian Nights, " trans. Noel Parker, Radical Philosophy 31 (Summer 1982): 12.
589. Jacques Rancière, "Proletarian Nights, " Radical Philosophy 31 (1982) Ibid., 12.
590. Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, ed. and trans. Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith (New York: International Publishers, 1971), 331-332, 323.
591. Rancière, "Proletarian Nights, " 12.
592. Jacques Rancière, The Philosopher and His Poor, trans. Andrew Parker (Durham: Duke University Press, 2004), xxvii.
593. Bourdieu, "The Corporatism of the Universal, " 109.
594. Plato, Republic, 496.
595. Strauss, On Tyranny, 275.
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599. Erik Olin Wright, "Intellectuals and the Class Structure of Capitalist Society, " in Between Labor and Capital, ed. Pat Walker (Boston: South End Press, 1979), 209.
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602. Benjamin Johnson, "The Drain-O of Higher Education: Casual Labor and University Teaching, " in Steal This University: The Rise of the Corporate University and the Academic Labor Movement, Benjamin Johnson, Patrick Kavanagh, and Kevin Mattson (New York: Routledge: 2003), 63.
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614. Foucault, "Truth and Power, " 127.
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616. Kierkegaard, Two Ages, 108.
617. Brecht, Stories of Mr. Keuner, 101.
618. Benjamin, "Bert Brecht, " 367.
619. Benjamin, "Bert Brecht, " 366-67.
620. Ross, "Defenders of the Faith and the New Class, " 127.
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622. Peters, Courting the Abyss, 249.
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624. G. W. F. Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A. V. Miller (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977), 196.
625. Agamben, Potentialities, 215, 183.
626. Walter Benjamin, Understanding Brecht, trans. Anna Bostock (London: Verso, 2003), 9.
627. Aristotle, On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse, trans. George A. Kennedy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 38.
628. Arendt, "Truth and Politics, " 233.
629. Sloterdijk, Critique of Cynical Reason, 18.
630. Ross, "Defenders of the Faith and the New Class, " 127.
631. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality, Volume 1: An Introduction, trans. Robert Hurley (New York: Vintage Books, 1990), 145.
632. Gilles Deleuze, Foucault, ed. and trans. Seán Hand (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1988), 92-93.