Occupational UV exposure of environmental agents in Valencia, Spain

Photochemistry and Photobiology

Volumn 90, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 911-918

  Serrano, María Antonia ^a   Cañada, Javier ^a   Moreno, Juan Carlos ^a   Gurrea, Gonzalo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE VALÈNCIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84903815448     PISSN: 00318655     EISSN: 17511097     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/php.12252     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Lucas, R., T. Michael, W. Smith, and, B. Armstrong, (2006) Solar ultraviolet radiation: global burden of disease from solar ultraviolet radiation. Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No. 13 (Edited by, A. Prüss-Üstün, H. Zeeb, C. Mathers, and, M. Repacholi,), 250 pp. World Health Organization, Geneva. ISBN 92-4-159440-3.
2. Juzeniene, A., P. Brekke, A. Dahlback, S. Andersson-Engels, J. Reichrath, K. Moan, M. F. Holick, W. B. Grant, and, J. Moan, (2011) Solar radiation and human health. Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 066701. (56 pp).
3. Norval, M., R. M. Lucas, P. Cullen, F. R. de Gruijl, J. Longstreth, Y. Takizawa, and, J. C. van der Leung, (2011) The human health effects of ozone depletion and interactions with climate change. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 10, 199-225.
4. Sklar, L. R., F. Almutawa, H. W. Lim, and, I. Hamzavi, (2013) Effects of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation on erythema and pigmentation: A review. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 12, 54-64.
5. Cabanes, A., B. Pérez-Gõmez, N. Aragonés, M. Pollán, and, G. Lõpez-Abente, (2009) La Situaciõn del Cáncer en España, 1975-2006. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaciõn, Madrid.
6. Garbe, C., and, U. Leiter, (2009) Melanoma epidemiology and trends. Clin. Dermatol. 27, 3-9.
7. Madan, V., J. Lear, and, R. M. Szeimies, (2010) Non-melanoma skin cancer. Lancet 375, 673-685.
8. Lomas, A., J. Leonardi-Bee, and, F. Bath-Hextall, (2012) A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Br. J. Dermatol. 166, 1069-1080.
9. Arnold, M., C. Holterhues, L. M. Hollestein, J. W. W. Coebergh, T. Nijsten, E. Pukkala, B. Holleczek, L. Tryggvad-ottir, H. Comber, M. J. Bento, C. H. S. Diba, R. Micallef, M. Primic-Zakelj, M. I. Izarzugaza, J. Perucha, R. Marcos-Gragera, J. Galceran, E. Ardanaz, R. Schaffar, A. Pring, and, E. de Vries, (2013) Trends in incidence and predictions of cutaneous melanoma across Europe up to 2015. DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12236 JEADV
10. Erdmann, F., J. Lortet-Tieulent, J. Schuz, H. Zeeb, R. Greinert, E. W. Breitbart, and, F. Bray, (2013) International trends in the incidence of malignant melanoma 1953-2008-are recent generations at higher or lower risk. Int. J. Cancer 132, 385-400.
11. Ferlay, J., H. R. Shin, F. Bray, D. Forman, C. Mathers, and, D. M. Parkin, (2010) GLOBOCAN 2008 v2.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 10 [Internet]. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Available at: http://globocan.iarc.fr. Accessed on 1 July 2013.
12. Housman, T. S., S. R. Feldman, P. M. Williford, A. B. Fleischer, N. D. Goldman, J. M. Acostamadiedo, and, G. J. Chen, (2003) Skin cancer is among the most costly of all cancers to treat for the Medicare population. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 48, 425-429.
13. de Vries, E., L. V. van de Poll-Franse, W. J. Louwman, F. R. de Gruijl, and, J. W. Coebergh, (2005) Predictions of skin cancer incidence in the Netherlands up to 2015. Br. J. Dermatol. 152, 481-488.
14. Cáncer en cifras. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Available at: http://193.146.50.130/morta/grafs. php#grafs. Accessed on 15 January 2013.
15. de Vries, E., F. I. Bray, J. W. W. Coebergh, and, D. M. Parkin, (2003) Changing epidemiology of malignant cutaneous melanoma in Europe 1953-1997: Rising trends in incidence and mortality but recent stabilizations in Western Europe and decreases in Scandinavia. Int. J. Cancer 107, 119-126.
16. Ferlay, J., E. Steliarova-Foucher, J. Lortet-Tieulent, S. Rosso, J. W. W. Coebergh, H. Comber, D. Forman, and, F. Bray, (2013) Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: Estimates for 40 countries in 2012. Eur. J. Cancer 49, 1374-1403.
17. European Detailed Mortality Database. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Available at: http://data.euro.who.int/hfamdb/. Accesed on 2 September 2013.
18. De Gruijl, F. R., (2011) Sufficient vitamin D from casual sun exposure? Photochem. Photobiol. 87, 598-601.
19. Webb, A. R., R. Kift, J. L. Berry, and, L. E. Rhodes, (2011) The vitamin D debate: Translating controlled experiments into reality for human sun exposure times. Photochem. Photobiol. 87, 741-745.
20. John, E. M., J. Koo, and, G. G. Schwartz, (2007) Sun exposure and prostate cancer risk: Evidence for a protective effect of early-life exposure. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 16, 1283-1286.
21. Grant, W. B., (2010) Relation between prediagnostic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and incidence of breast, colorectal, and other cancers. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 101, 130-136.
22. Kampman, M. T., and, L. H. Steffense, (2010) The role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 101, 137-141.
23. Zittermann, A., and, J. F. Gummert, (2010) Sun, vitamin D, and cardiovascular disease. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 101, 124-129.
24. EUROMELANOMA Campaign (2012) Available at: http://www.euromelanoma.org/ spain/home-1. Accesed on 6 February 2013.
25. Stratigos, A. J., A. M. Forsea, R. J. T. van der Leest, E. de Vries, E. Nagore, J. L. BulliardL, M. Trakatelli, J. Paoli, K. Peris, J. Hercogova, M. Bylaite, T. Maselis, O. Correia, and, V. del Marmol, (2012) Euromelanoma: A dermatology-led European campaign against nonmelanoma skin cancer and cutaneous melanoma. Past, present and future. Br. J. Dermatol. 167, 99-104.
26. CAREX project. Available at: http://www.esf.org/research-areas/space- sciences/activities/carex-project.html. Accessed on 23 January 2013.
27. Kauppinen, T., J. Toikkanen, D. Pedersen, R. Young, M. Kogevinas, W. Ahrens, P. Boffetta, J. Hansen, H. Kromhout, J. Maqueda Blasco, D. Mirabelli, V. de la Orden-Rivera, N. Plato, B. Pannett, A. Savela, H. Veulemans, and, R. Vincent, (1998) Occupational exposure to carcinogens in the European Union in 1990-1993. CAREX, International information system on Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens (Edited by Finnish Institute of Occupational Health). Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
28. Maqueda, J., V. De la Orden, T. Kauppinen, J. Toikkanen, D. Pedersen, and, R. Young, (1998) Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens in Spain in 1990-1993: Preliminary Results. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
29. International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) (1992) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation 55. IARC, Lyon.
30. Gies, P., and, J. Wright, (2003) Measured solar ultraviolet radiation exposures of outdoor workers in Queensland in the building and construction industry. Photochem. Photobiol. 78 (4), 342-348.
31. Moehrle, M., B. Dennenmoser, and, C. Garbe, (2003) Continuous long-term monitoring of UV radiation in Professional mountain guides reveals extremely high exposure. Int. J. Cancer 103, 775-778.
32. Thieden, E., S. M. Collins, P. A. Philipsen, G. M. Murphy, and, H. C. Wulf, (2005) Ultraviolet exposure patterns of Irish and Danish gardeners during work and leisure. Br. J. Dermatol. 153, 795-801.
33. Glanz, K., D. B. Buller, and, M. Saraiya, (2007) Reducing ultraviolet radiation exposure among outdoor workers: State of the evidence and recommendations. Environ. Health 6, 22.
34. Milon, A., P. E. Sottas, J. L. Bulliard, and, D. Vernez, (2007) Effective exposure to solar UV in building workers: Influence of local and individual factors. J. Eposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 17, 58-68.
35. Siani, A. M., G. R. Casale, H. Diemoz, G. Agnesod, M. G. Kimlin, C. A. Lang, and, A. Colosimo, (2008) Personal UV exposure in high albedo alpine sites. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 3749-3760.
36. Gies, P., R. Watzl, J. Javorniczky, C. Roy, S. Henderson, J. Ayton, and, M. Kingston, (2009) Measurement of the UVR exposures of expeditioners on Antarctic resupply voyages. Photochem. Photobiol. 85, 1485-1490.
37. Hammond, V., A. I. Reeder, and, A. Gray, (2009) Patterns of real-time occupational ultraviolet radiation exposure among a sample of outdoor workers in New Zealand. Public Health 123, 182-187.
38. Serrano, M. A., J. Cañada, and, J. C. Moreno, (2009) Erythemal Ultraviolet exposure in two groups of outdoor workers in Valencia, Spain. Photochem. Photobiol. 85, 1468-1473.
39. Schmalwieser, A. W., A. Cabaj, G. Schauberger, H. Rohn, B. Maier, and, H. Maier, (2010) Facial solar UV exposure of Austrian farmers during occupation. Photochem. Photobiol. 86, 1404-1413.
40. Siani, A. M., G. R. Casale, R. Sisto, A. Colosimo, C. A. Lang, and, M. G. Kimlin, (2011) Occupational exposures to solar ultraviolet radiation of Vineyard workers in Tuscany (Italy). Photochem. Photobiol. 87, 925-934.
41. Hakansson, N., B. Floderus, P. Gustavsson, M. Feychting, and, N. Hallin, (2001) Occupational sunlight exposure and cancer incidence among Swedish construction workers. Epidemiology 12, 552-557.
42. Gandini, S., F. Sera, M. S. Cattaruzza, P. Pasquini, O. Picconi, P. Boyle, and, C. F. Melchi, (2005) Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure. Eur. J. Cancer 41 (1), 45-60.
43. Radespiel-Tröger, M., M. Meyer, A. Pfahlberg, B. Lausen, W. Uter, and, O. Gefeller, (2009) Outdoor work and skin cancer incidence: A registry-based study in Bavaria. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 82, 357-363.
44. Kenborg, L., A. D. Jørgensen, E. Budtz-Jørgensen, L. E. Knudsen, and, J. Hansen, (2010) Occupational exposure to the sun and risk of skin and lip cancer among male wage earners in Denmark: A population-based case-control study. Cancer Causes Control 21, 1347-1355.
45. Lichte, V., B. Dennenmoser, K. Dietz, H. M. Hafner, B. Schlagenhauff, C. Garbe, and, J. Fischer, (2010) Professional risk for skin cancer development in male mountain guides-a cross-sectional study. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 24, 797-804.
46. Diepgen, T. L., M. Fartasch, H. Drexler, and, J. Schmitt, (2012) Occupational skin cancer induced by ultraviolet radiation and its prevention. Br. J. Dermatol. 167 (2), 76-84.
47. Bauer, A., T. L. Diepgen, and, J. Schmitt, (2011) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological literature: Is occupational solar ultraviolet irradiation a relevant risk factor for basal cell carcinoma? Br. J. Dermatol. 165, 612-625.
48. Schmitt, J., A. Seidler, T. L. Diepgen, and, A. Bauer, (2011) Occupational ultraviolet light exposure increases the risk for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Dermatol. 164, 291-307.
49. de Vries, E., M. Trakatelli, D. Kalabalikis, L. Ferrandiz, A. Ruiz-de-Casas, D. Moreno-Ramirez, D. Sotiriadis, D. Ioannides, S. Aquilina, C. Apap, R. Micallef, L. Scerri, M. Ulrich, S. Pitkanen, O. Saksela, E. Altsitsiadis, B. Hinrichs, C. Magnoni, C. Fiorentini, S. Majewski, A. Ranki, E. Stockfleth, and, C. Proby, (2012) Known and potential new risk factors for skin cancer in European populations: A multicentre case-control study. Br. J. Dermatol. 167 (2), 1-13.
50. Schmitt, J., T. Diepgen, and, A. Bauer, (2010) Occupational exposure to non-artificial UV-light and non-melanocytic skin cancer-a systematic review concerning a new occupational disease. J. Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges. 8, 250-263.
51. Blumthaler, M. B., W. Ambach, and, R. Ellinger, (1997) Increase in solar UV radiation with altitude. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 39, 130-134.
52. Aceituno-Madera, P., A. Buendía-Eisman, F. J. Olmo, J. J. Jiménez-Monleõn, and, S. Serrano-Ortega, (2011) Melanoma, altitude, and UV-B radiation. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 102, 199-205.
53. Biosense Laboratories. Available at: www.biosense.de/home-e.htm. Accessed on 19 April 2013.
54. Moehrle, M., and, C. Garbe, (2000) Personal UV dosymetry by Bacillus subtilis spore films. Dermatology 200, 1-5.
55. O'Riordan, D. L., K. Glanz, P. Gies, and, T. Elliott, (2008) A pilot study of the validity of self-reported ultraviolet radiation exposure and sun protection practices among lifeguards, parents and children. Photochem. Photobiol. 84 (3), 774-778.
56. Furusawa, Y., L. E. Quintern, H. Holtschmidt, P. Koepke, and, M. Saito, (1998) Determination of erythema-effective solar radiation in Japan and Germany with a spore monolayer film optimized for the detection of UVA and UVA-results of a field campaign. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50, 597-603.
57. Munakata, N., S. Kazadzis, A. F. Bais, K. Hieda, G. Ronto, P. Rettberg, and, G. Horneck, (2000) Comparisons of spore dosimetry and spectral photometry of solar-UV radiation at four sites in Japan and Europe. Photochem. Photobiol. 72 (6), 739-745.
58. McKinlay, A. F., and, B. L. Diffey, (1987) A reference action spectrum for ultraviolet induced erythema in human skin. CIE J. 6, 17-22.
59. CIE, Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (1997) Standard Erythema Dose, A Review. CIE 125, Vienna.
60. Quintern, L. E., Y. Furusawa, K. Fukutsu, and, H. Holtschimdt, (1997) Characterization and application of UV detector spore-films: The sensitivity curve of a new detector system provides good similarity to the action spectrum for UV-induced erythema in human skin. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 37, 158-166.
61. Seckmeyer, G., B. Mayer, and, G. Bernhard, (1998) The 1997 Status of Solar UV Spectroradiometry in Germany: Results from the National Intercomparison of UV Spectroradiometers, with contributions from Albold A., Baum W., Dehne K., Feister U., Gericke K., Grewe R., Gross C., Sandmann H., Schreiber J., Seidlitz H.K., Steinmetz M., Thiel S., Wallasch M. and Weller M., Garmisch- Partenkirchen, Germany, Vol. 55, 166 pp. Shaker-Verlag, Aachen, Germany. ISBN: 3-8265-3695-9.
62. Programa Meteorología de la Fundaciõn Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterráneo (Generalitat Valenciana). Available at: http://www.gva.es/ceamet/vigilancia/radUV/radUV.html. Accessed on 10 December 2012.
63. Vilaplana, J. M., V. E. Cachorro, M. Sorribas, E. Luccini, A. M. de Frutos, A. Berjõn, and, B. de la Morena, (2006) Modified calibration procedures for a Yankee Environmental System UVB-1 biometer based on spectral measurements with a Brewer spectrophotometer. J. Photochem. Photobiol. 82, 508-514.
64. Hülsen, G., and, J. Gröbner, (2007) Characterization and calibration of ultraviolet broadband radiometers measuring erythemally weighted irradiance. Appl. Opt. 46, 5877-5886.
65. Cañada, J., A. R. Esteve, M. J. Marin, M. P. Utrillas, F. Tena, and, J. A. Martinez-Lozano, (2008) Study of erythemal, UV (A+B) and global solar radiation in Valencia (Spain). Int. J. Climatol. 28, 693-702.
66. Tena, F., J. A. Martinez-Lozano, M. P. Utrillas, M. J. Marin, A. R. Esteve, and, J. Cañada, (2009) The erythemal clearness index for Valencia, Spain. Int. J. Climatol. 29, 147-155.
67. GIOVANNI. OMI/Aura Online Visualization and Analysis. Daily Level 3 Global Gridded Products. Available at: http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/ G3/gui.cgi?instance-id=omi. Accessed on 19 July 2013.
68. Acker, J. G., and, G. Leptoukh, (2007) Online analysis enhances use of NASA earth science data. Eos, Trans. AGU 88 (2), 14-17.
69. MIRADOR 1.45, NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). Available at: http://mirador.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-in/mirador/ collectionlist.pl?keyword=omuvbd. Accessed on 23 July 2013.
70. Kalliskota, S. J., J. Kaurola, P. Taalas, J. R. Herman, E. Celarier, and, N. Krotkov, (2000) Comparison of daily UV doses estimated from Nimbus-7/TOMS measurements and ground-based spectroradiometric data. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (D4), 5059-5067. DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900926
71. AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET). Ground-based Remote Sensing Aerosol Networks Established by NASA and PHOTONS (Univ. of Lille 1, CNES, and CNRS-INSU). Available at: http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/bamgomas- interactive. Accessed on 22 July 2013.
72. IRPA (International Radiation Protection Association) (1985) Guidelines on limits of exposure to ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths between 180 nm and 400 nm (incoherent optical radiation). Health Phys. 49 (2), 331-340.
73. ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) (2010) Protection of workers against ultraviolet radiation. Health Phys. 99 (1), 66-87.
74. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) (2007) Protecting Workers from Ultraviolet Radiation (Edited by, P. Vecchia, M. Hietanen, B. E. Stuck, E. van Deventer, and, S. Niu,). ICNIRP14, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
75. ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) (2004) Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
76. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) (1995) Global Solar UV Index. ICNIRP-1/95, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
77. World Health Organization (2002) Global Solar UV Index: A Practical Guide. WHO 2002, Geneva, Switzerland.
78. Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET). Available at: http://www.aemet.es/. Accessed on 8 January 2013.
79. NASA. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer. Available at: http://jwocky.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Accessed on 25 January 2013.
80. Weihs, P., M. Blumthaler, H. E. Rieder, A. Kreuter, S. Simic, W. Laube, A. W. Schmalwieser, J. E. Wagner, and, A. Tanskanen, (2008) Measurements of UV irradiance within the area of one satellite pixel. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 5615-5626. Available at http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/5615/2008/.
81. Kazadzis, S., A. Bais, D. Balis, N. Kouremeti, M. Zempila, A. Arola, E. Giannakaki, V. Amiridis, and, A. Kazantzidis, (2009) Spatial and temporal UV irradiance and aerosol variability within the area of an OMI satellite pixel. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 4593-4601. Available at http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/ 4593/2009/.
82. Tanskanen, A., A. Lindfors, A. Maatta, N. Krotkov, J. Herman, J. Kaurola, T. Koskela, K. Lakkala, V. Fioletov, G. Bernhard, R. McKenzie, Y. Kondo, M. O'Neill, H. Slaper, P. denOuter, A. Bais, and, J. Tamminen, (2007) Validation of daily erythemal doses from ozone monitoring Instrument with ground-based UV measurement data. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D24S44, DOI: 10.1029/2007JD008830
83. Buchard, V., C. Brogniez, F. Auriol, B. Bonnel, J. Lenoble, A. Tanskanen, B. Bojkov, and, P. Veefkind, (2008) Comparison of OMI ozone and UV irradiance data with ground-based measurements at two French sites. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 4517-4528.
84. Reinau, D., M. Weiss, C. R. Meier, T. L. Diepgen, and, C. Surber, (2013) Outdoor workers' sun-related knowledge, attitudes and protective behaviours: A systematic review of crosssectional and interventional studies. Br. J. Dermatol. 168, 928-940.
85. de Vries, E., M. Arnold, E. Altsitsiadis, M. Trakatelli, B. Hinrichs, E. Stockfleth, and, J. Coebergh, (2012) Potential impact of interventions resulting in reduced exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVA and UVB) on skin cancer incidence in four European countries, 2010-2050. Br. J. Dermatol. 167 (2), 53-62.