메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 217, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 669-677

Metal exposure in schoolchildren and working children. A urinary biomonitoring study from Lahore, Pakistan

Author keywords

Arsenic; Artisanal brick kilns; Biomonitoring; Carpet weaving; Children; Metals exposure

Indexed keywords

HEAVY METAL;

EID: 84902816940     PISSN: 14384639     EISSN: 1618131X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.02.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (62)
  • 2
    • 72349096213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of heavy metals in some environmental samples
    • Ahmad I., Rashid H., Rehman Z. Study of heavy metals in some environmental samples. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2009, 158:139-144.
    • (2009) Environ. Monit. Assess. , vol.158 , pp. 139-144
    • Ahmad, I.1    Rashid, H.2    Rehman, Z.3
  • 5
    • 84902830373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dawn News Pakistan, Available: (accessed 4.09.13)
    • Amin A. Fish Consumption in Pakistan Lowest in the World 2006, Dawn News Pakistan, Available: http://dawn.com/news/212533/fish-consumption-in-pakistan-lowest-in-the-world (accessed 4.09.13).
    • (2006) Fish Consumption in Pakistan Lowest in the World
    • Amin, A.1
  • 6
    • 27744552650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenic, cadmium and lead levels in hair and toenail samples in Pakistan
    • Anwar M. Arsenic, cadmium and lead levels in hair and toenail samples in Pakistan. Environ. Sci. 2005, 12:71-86.
    • (2005) Environ. Sci. , vol.12 , pp. 71-86
    • Anwar, M.1
  • 7
    • 77950801126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health hazards, injury problems, and workplace conditions of carpet-weaving children in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan
    • Awan S., Nasrullah M., Cummings K.J. Health hazards, injury problems, and workplace conditions of carpet-weaving children in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 2010, 16:115-121.
    • (2010) Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.16 , pp. 115-121
    • Awan, S.1    Nasrullah, M.2    Cummings, K.J.3
  • 8
    • 67749129297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetics and environmental chemicals
    • Baccarelli A., Bollati V. Epigenetics and environmental chemicals. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 2009, 21:243-251.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Pediatr. , vol.21 , pp. 243-251
    • Baccarelli, A.1    Bollati, V.2
  • 10
    • 17044395125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water and total urinary arsenic concentration in a Chilean population
    • Caceres D.D., Pino P., Montesinos N., Atalah E., Amigo H., Loomis D. Exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water and total urinary arsenic concentration in a Chilean population. Environ. Res. 2005, 98:151-159.
    • (2005) Environ. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 151-159
    • Caceres, D.D.1    Pino, P.2    Montesinos, N.3    Atalah, E.4    Amigo, H.5    Loomis, D.6
  • 12
    • 84856384310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatinine adjustment of biological monitoring results
    • Cocker J., Mason H.J., Warren N.D., Cotton R.J. Creatinine adjustment of biological monitoring results. Occup. Med. 2011, 61:349-353.
    • (2011) Occup. Med. , vol.61 , pp. 349-353
    • Cocker, J.1    Mason, H.J.2    Warren, N.D.3    Cotton, R.J.4
  • 13
    • 0037743485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International environmental health for the pediatrician: case study of lead poisoning
    • Falk H. International environmental health for the pediatrician: case study of lead poisoning. Pediatrics 2003, 112:259-264.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112 , pp. 259-264
    • Falk, H.1
  • 14
    • 33846410350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic fluoride and arsenic contaminated groundwater in the Lahore and Kasur districts, Punjab, Pakistan and possible contaminant sources
    • Farooqi A., Masuda H., Firdous N. Toxic fluoride and arsenic contaminated groundwater in the Lahore and Kasur districts, Punjab, Pakistan and possible contaminant sources. Environ. Pollut. 2007, 145:839-849.
    • (2007) Environ. Pollut. , vol.145 , pp. 839-849
    • Farooqi, A.1    Masuda, H.2    Firdous, N.3
  • 15
    • 67349285876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health burden of skin lesions at low arsenic exposure through groundwater in Pakistan. Is river the source?
    • Fatmi Z., Azam I., Ahmed F., Kazi A., Gill A.B., Kadir M.M., Ahmed M., Ara N., Janjua N.Z. Health burden of skin lesions at low arsenic exposure through groundwater in Pakistan. Is river the source?. Environ. Res. 2009, 109:575-581.
    • (2009) Environ. Res. , vol.109 , pp. 575-581
    • Fatmi, Z.1    Azam, I.2    Ahmed, F.3    Kazi, A.4    Gill, A.B.5    Kadir, M.M.6    Ahmed, M.7    Ara, N.8    Janjua, N.Z.9
  • 17
    • 0041698073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental health in developing countries: an overview of the problems and capacities
    • Gopalan H.N.B. Environmental health in developing countries: an overview of the problems and capacities. Environ. Health Perspect. 2003, 111:A446-A447.
    • (2003) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.111
    • Gopalan, H.N.B.1
  • 18
    • 84882281532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference values and upper reference limits for 26 trace elements in the urine of adults living in Belgium
    • Hoet P., Jacquerye C., Deumer G., Lison D., Haufroid V. Reference values and upper reference limits for 26 trace elements in the urine of adults living in Belgium. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2013, 51:839-849.
    • (2013) Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. , vol.51 , pp. 839-849
    • Hoet, P.1    Jacquerye, C.2    Deumer, G.3    Lison, D.4    Haufroid, V.5
  • 24
    • 84867181744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Labor Organization, Available: (accessed 23.07.11)
    • ILO Children in Hazardous Work: What We Know, What We Need To Do? 2011, International Labor Organization, Available: http://www.ilo.org/global/publications/ilo-bookstore/order-online/books/WCMS_155428/lang--en/index.htm (accessed 23.07.11).
    • (2011) ILO Children in Hazardous Work: What We Know, What We Need To Do?
  • 25
    • 84902831675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), Available: (accessed 14.10.11)
    • ISAAC Phase Three Manual. Core Questionnaire for Asthma 2004, International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), Available: http://isaac.auckland.ac.nz/phases/phasethree/phasethreemanual.pdf (accessed 14.10.11).
    • (2004) ISAAC Phase Three Manual. Core Questionnaire for Asthma
  • 26
    • 77954141856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy metals in brick kiln located area using atomic absorption spectrophotometer: a case study from the city of Peshawar, Pakistan
    • Ishaq M., Khan M., Jan F.A., Ahmad I. Heavy metals in brick kiln located area using atomic absorption spectrophotometer: a case study from the city of Peshawar, Pakistan. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 166:409-420.
    • (2010) Environ. Monit. Assess. , vol.166 , pp. 409-420
    • Ishaq, M.1    Khan, M.2    Jan, F.A.3    Ahmad, I.4
  • 27
    • 84882924334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uranium
    • Academic Press, Burlington, G.F. Nordberg, B.A. Fowler, M. Nordberg, L.T. Friberg (Eds.)
    • Keith L.S., Faroon O.M., Fowler B.A. Uranium. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals 2007, 881-903. Academic Press, Burlington. third ed. G.F. Nordberg, B.A. Fowler, M. Nordberg, L.T. Friberg (Eds.).
    • (2007) Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals , pp. 881-903
    • Keith, L.S.1    Faroon, O.M.2    Fowler, B.A.3
  • 28
    • 77955564826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of cadmium in early childhood: longitudinal assessment of urinary cadmium in rural Bangladesh
    • Kippler M., Nermell B., Hamadani J., Tofail F., Moore S., Vahter M. Burden of cadmium in early childhood: longitudinal assessment of urinary cadmium in rural Bangladesh. Toxicol. Lett. 2010, 198:20-25.
    • (2010) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.198 , pp. 20-25
    • Kippler, M.1    Nermell, B.2    Hamadani, J.3    Tofail, F.4    Moore, S.5    Vahter, M.6
  • 33
    • 0037745551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead and cadmium levels in daily foods, blood and urine in children and their mothers in Korea
    • Moon C.S., Paik J.M., Choi C.S., Kim D.H., Ikeda M. Lead and cadmium levels in daily foods, blood and urine in children and their mothers in Korea. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2003, 76:282-288.
    • (2003) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.76 , pp. 282-288
    • Moon, C.S.1    Paik, J.M.2    Choi, C.S.3    Kim, D.H.4    Ikeda, M.5
  • 34
    • 1842534850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's behavior and physiology and how it affects exposure to environmental contaminants
    • Moya J., Bearer C.F., Etzel R.A. Children's behavior and physiology and how it affects exposure to environmental contaminants. Pediatrics 2004, 113:996-1006.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.113 , pp. 996-1006
    • Moya, J.1    Bearer, C.F.2    Etzel, R.A.3
  • 37
    • 0003771986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Academy Press, Washington, DC, Available: (accessed 10.11.11)
    • NRC Arsenic in Drinking Water 2001, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, Available: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10194.html (accessed 10.11.11).
    • (2001) NRC Arsenic in Drinking Water
  • 39
    • 58049182935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening of brick-kiln area soil for determination of heavy metal Pb using LIBS
    • Pandhija S., Rai A.K. Screening of brick-kiln area soil for determination of heavy metal Pb using LIBS. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2009, 148:437-447.
    • (2009) Environ. Monit. Assess. , vol.148 , pp. 437-447
    • Pandhija, S.1    Rai, A.K.2
  • 44
    • 81155137293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to nickel, chromium, or cadmium causes distinct changes in the gene expression patterns of a rat liver derived cell line
    • Permenter M.G., Lewis J.A., Jackson D.A. Exposure to nickel, chromium, or cadmium causes distinct changes in the gene expression patterns of a rat liver derived cell line. PLoS One 2011, 6:e27730.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Permenter, M.G.1    Lewis, J.A.2    Jackson, D.A.3
  • 45
    • 0036940789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead-associated deficits in stature, mental ability and behaviour in children in Karachi
    • Rahman A., Maqbool E., Zuberi H.S. Lead-associated deficits in stature, mental ability and behaviour in children in Karachi. Ann. Trop. Paediatr. 2002, 22:301-311.
    • (2002) Ann. Trop. Paediatr. , vol.22 , pp. 301-311
    • Rahman, A.1    Maqbool, E.2    Zuberi, H.S.3
  • 46
    • 12344315954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Millennium Project: a plan for meeting the millennium development goals
    • Sachs J.D., McArthur J.W. The Millennium Project: a plan for meeting the millennium development goals. Lancet 2005, 365:347-353.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 347-353
    • Sachs, J.D.1    McArthur, J.W.2
  • 48
    • 77953594907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metals in air pollution particles decrease whole-blood coagulation time
    • Sangani R.G., Soukup J.M., Ghio A.J. Metals in air pollution particles decrease whole-blood coagulation time. Inhal. Toxicol. 2010, 22:621-626.
    • (2010) Inhal. Toxicol. , vol.22 , pp. 621-626
    • Sangani, R.G.1    Soukup, J.M.2    Ghio, A.J.3
  • 49
    • 84880967723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modernizing artisanal brick kilns: a global need
    • Schmidt C.W. Modernizing artisanal brick kilns: a global need. Environ. Health Perspect. 2013, 121:a242-a249.
    • (2013) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.121
    • Schmidt, C.W.1
  • 50
    • 70449395959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised and new reference values for environmental pollutants in urine or blood of children in Germany derived from the German Environmental Survey on Children 2003-2006 (GerES IV)
    • Schulz C., Angerer J., Ewers U., Heudorf U., Wilhelm M. Revised and new reference values for environmental pollutants in urine or blood of children in Germany derived from the German Environmental Survey on Children 2003-2006 (GerES IV). Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2009, 212:637-647.
    • (2009) Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health , vol.212 , pp. 637-647
    • Schulz, C.1    Angerer, J.2    Ewers, U.3    Heudorf, U.4    Wilhelm, M.5
  • 52
    • 84867161125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse health effects of child labor: high exposure to chromium and oxidative DNA damage in children manufacturing surgical instruments
    • Sughis M., Nawrot T.S., Haufroid V., Nemery B. Adverse health effects of child labor: high exposure to chromium and oxidative DNA damage in children manufacturing surgical instruments. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120:1469-1474.
    • (2012) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.120 , pp. 1469-1474
    • Sughis, M.1    Nawrot, T.S.2    Haufroid, V.3    Nemery, B.4
  • 53
  • 54
    • 84855332294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in children: a cross-sectional study
    • Sughis M., Penders J., Haufroid V., Nemery B., Nawrot T.S. Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in children: a cross-sectional study. Environ. Health 2011, 10:104.
    • (2011) Environ. Health , vol.10 , pp. 104
    • Sughis, M.1    Penders, J.2    Haufroid, V.3    Nemery, B.4    Nawrot, T.S.5
  • 55
    • 54149106474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources and properties of non-exhaust particulate matter from road traffic: a review
    • Thorpe A., Harrison R.M. Sources and properties of non-exhaust particulate matter from road traffic: a review. Sci. Total Environ. 2008, 400:270-282.
    • (2008) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.400 , pp. 270-282
    • Thorpe, A.1    Harrison, R.M.2
  • 56
    • 33746107201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration and daily excretion of uranium in urine of Japanese
    • Tolmachev S., Kuwabara J., Noguchi H. Concentration and daily excretion of uranium in urine of Japanese. Health Phys. 2006, 91:144-153.
    • (2006) Health Phys. , vol.91 , pp. 144-153
    • Tolmachev, S.1    Kuwabara, J.2    Noguchi, H.3
  • 59
    • 33645284421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of air quality of two metropolitan cities in Pakistan: elemental analysis using INAA and AAS
    • Waheed S., Rahman A., Khalid N., Ahmad S. Assessment of air quality of two metropolitan cities in Pakistan: elemental analysis using INAA and AAS. Radiochim. Acta 2006, 94:161-166.
    • (2006) Radiochim. Acta , vol.94 , pp. 161-166
    • Waheed, S.1    Rahman, A.2    Khalid, N.3    Ahmad, S.4
  • 61
    • 0003571842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality 2008, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. third ed.
    • (2008) WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality
  • 62
    • 0003771862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • WHO Guidelines for Drinking Quality Water 2011, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. fourth ed.
    • (2011) WHO Guidelines for Drinking Quality Water


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.