Reversal of methylmercury-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage by the treatment of N-acetyl cysteine: A protective approach

Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 167-182

  Joshi, Deepmala ^a   Kumar, Mittal Deepak ^a   Kumar, Shakya Arvind ^b   Sangeeta, Shukla ^a  

^a JIWAJI UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Dlutathione; DNA damage; Lipid peroxidation; Methylmercury; N acetyl cysteine

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ACETYLCYSTEINE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; BILIRUBIN; CHOLESTEROL; CREATININE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; GLUTATHIONE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE; MALONALDEHYDE; METALLOTHIONEIN; METHYLMERCURY; PROTEIN; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; SERUM ALBUMIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UREA; URIC ACID;

ADULT; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA DAMAGE; DRUG EFFECT; ENZYME ACTIVITY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LIVER PROTECTION; MALE; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RAT; RENAL PROTECTION; UREA NITROGEN BLOOD LEVEL;

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ANIMALS; DNA DAMAGE; HUMANS; KIDNEY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LIVER; MALE; METHYLMERCURY COMPOUNDS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY;

EID: 84902109843     PISSN: 07318898     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2014010291     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Anilkumar KR, Khanum F, Sudarshanakrishna KR, Santhanam K. Effect of Amaranth leaves on dimethylhydrazine induced changes in multicomponents antioxidant system of rat liver. Indian J Exp Biol. 2004;42:595-600.
2. Bakir F, Damiuji SF, Amin-Zaki L, Murtadha M, Khalidi A, Al-Rawi NY, Tikriti S, Dahahir HI, Clarkson TW, Smith JC, Doherty RA. Methylmercury poisoning in Iraq. Science. 1973;181:230-41.
3. Harada M. Minamata disease: methylmercury poisoning in Japan caused by environmental pollution. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1995;25:1-24.
4. Elhassani SB. The many faces of methylmercury poisoning. Clin Toxicol. 1982;19:875-906.
5. Holden C. Death from lab poisoning. Science. 1997;276:1797.
6. Crinnion W.J. Environmental medicine, part three-longterm effects of chronic low-dose mercury exposure. Alt Med Rev. 2000;5:209-23.
7. Zalups R.K. Molecular interactions with mercury in the kidney. Pharmacol Rev. 2000;52:113-43.
8. Kerper LE, Ballatori N, Clarkson TW. Methylmercury transport across the blood-brain barrier by an amino acid carrier. Am J Physiol. 1992;262:R761-5.
9. Simmons-Willis TA, Koh AS, Clarkson TW, Ballatori N. Transport of a neurotoxicant by molecular mimicry: the methylmercury-L-cysteine complex is a substrate for human L-type large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT)1 and (LAT)2. Biochem J. 2002;367:239-46.
10. Aposhian HV, Maiorino RM, Gonzalez-Ramirez D, Zuniga-Charles M, Xu Z, Hurlbut KM, Junco-Munoz P, Dart RC, Aposhian MM. Mobilization of heavy metals by newer, therapeutically useful chelating agents. Toxicology. 1995;97:23-38.
11. Ishihara N, Shiojima S, Suzuki T. Selective enhancement of urinary organic mercury excretion by D-penicillamine. Br J Ind Med. 1974;31:245-9.
12. Friedheim E, Corvi C. Meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid, a chelating agent for the treatment of mercury poisoning. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1975;27:624-6.
13. Aaseth J. Friedheim EAH. Treatment of methylmercury poisoning in mice with 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid and other complexing thiols. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1978;42:248-52.
14. Zimmer W. Carter DE. The efficacy of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol and D-penicillamine on methyl mercury induced neurological signs and weight loss. Life Sci. 1978;23:1025-34.
15. Clarkson TW, Magos L, Cox C, Greenwood MR, Amin-Zaki L, Majeed MA, Al-Damluji SF. Tests of efficacy of antidotes for removal of methylmercury in human poisoning during the Iraq outbreak. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981;218:74-83.
16. Lund ME, Clarkson TW, Berlin M. Treatment of acute methylmercury ingestion by hemodialysis with N-acetyl cysteine (MucomystR) infusion and 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulfonate. Clin Toxicol. 1984;22:31-49.
17. Cantilena LR, Klaassen CD. The effect of chelating agents on the excretion of endogenous metals. Toxicol App Pharmacol. 1982;63:344-50.
18. Kostyniak PJ, Soifer AL. A methylmercury toxicity model to test for possible adverse effects resulting from chelation therapy. J App Toxicol. 1984;4:206-10.
19. Ballatori N, Lieberman MW, Wang W. N-acetyl cysteine as an antidote in methylmercury poisoning. Environ Health Perspect. 1998;106:267-71.
20. De Vries N, De Flora S. N-acetyl-l-cysteine. J Cell Biochem. 1993;17F:S270-7.
21. Joshi D, Mittal D, Shrivastava S, Shukla S. Protective role of thiol chelators against dimethylmercury induced toxicity in male rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010;84:613-7.
22. Joshi D, Mittal D, Bhadauria M, Nirala SK, Srivastava S, Shukla S. Role of micronutrients against dimethylmercury induced toxicity in male rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010;29:97-103.
23. Joshi D, Mittal D, Shukla S, Shrivastav AK. Combined effect of N-acetyl cysteine, zinc and selenium against chronic dimethylmercury induced toxic manifestations: A Biochemical and Histopathological approach. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011;61: 558-67.
24. Chang L, Hartmann HA. Ultrastructural studies of the nervous system after mercury intoxication. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 1972;20:122-38.
25. Giradi E, Elias M. Effect of different glutathione levels on renal mercury deposition and excretion in the rat. Toxicology. 1993;81:57-67.
26. Sharma SK, Krishna Murti CR. Production of lipid peroxidation by brain. J Neurochem. 1968;15:147-9.
27. Brehe JE, Burch HB. Enzymatic assay for glutathione. Anal Biochem. 1976;74:189-97.
28. Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with Folin's phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193:265-75.
29. Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Feather-Stone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetyl cholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961;7:88-95.
30. Seth PK, Tangri KK. Biochemical effects of newer salicylic acid congenesis. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1966; 18:831-3.
31. Tayarani I, Cloez I, Clement M, Bourre JM. Antioxidant enzymes and related free elements in aging brain capillaries and chloroid plexus. J Neurochem. 1989;53:817-24.
32. Paglia DE, Valentine WM. Studies on quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70:158-69.
33. Askar MA, Sumathy K, Baquer NJ. Regulation and properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat brain. Indian J Biochem Biophy. 1996;33:512-8.
34. Eaton DL, Toal BF. Evaluation of the Cd/hemoglobin affinity assay for the rapid determination of metallothionein in biological tissues. Toxicol App Pharmacol. 1982;66:134-42.
35. Jacobs MB, Yamaguchi S, Goldwater LJ, Gilbert H. Determination of mercury in blood. Am Ind Hyg Assoc. 1960;J21:475-80.
36. Dhawan A, Mathur N, Seth PK. The effect of smoking and eating habits on DNA damage in Indian population as measured in the comet assay. Mutat Res. 2001;474:121-8.
37. Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantization of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res.1988;175:184-91.
38. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical analysis. 8th ed. Ames: Iowa State University Press; 1994.
39. Tran D, Moody AJ, Fisher AS, Foulkes ME, Jha AN. Protective effects of selenium on mercury-induced DNA damage in mussel haemocytes. Aquatic Toxicol. 2007;84:11-8.
40. Chen C, Qu L, Li B, Xing L, Jia G, Wang T, Gao Y, Zhang P, Li M, Chen W, Chai Z. Increased oxidative DNA damage, as assessed by urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine concentrations, and serum redox status in persons exposed to mercury. Clin Chem. 2005;51:759-67.
41. Girardi G, Elias MM. Mercury chloride effects on rat renal redox enzyme activities: SOD protection. Free Rad Biol Med. 1995;18:61-6.
42. Zahir F, Rizvi SJ, Haq SK, Khan RH. Effect of methylmercury induced free radical stress on nucleic acids and protein: implications on cognitive and motor functions. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2006;21:149-52.
43. Dringen R. Metabolism and functions of glutathione in brain. Progr Neurobiol. 2000;62:649-71.
44. Rabenstein DL, Fairhurst MT. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the solution chemistry of metal complexes XI. Binding of methylmercury by sulfhydryl-containing amino acids and by glutathione. J Am Chem Soc. 1975;97:2086-92.
45. Li Y, Yan XP, Chen C, Xia YL, Jiang Y. Human serum albumin-mercurial species interactions. J Proteomic Res. 2007;6:2277-86.
46. Halliwell B, Chirico S. Lipid peroxidation: its mechanism, measurement, and significance. Am J Clin Nutri. 1993;57:715-25.
47. Refsvik T. Excretion of methyl mercury in rat bile: the effect of diethylmaleate, cyclohexene oxide and acrylamide. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1978;42:135-41.
48. Dutczak WJ, Ballatori N. Transport of the glutathione-methylmercury complex across liver canalicular membranes on reduced glutathione carriers. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:9746-51.
49. Thompson SA, White CC, Krejsa CM, Eaton DL, Kavanagh TJ. Modulation of glutathione and glutamate-L-cysteine ligase by methylmercury during mouse development. Toxicol Sci. 2000;57:141-6.
50. Farina M, Franco JL, Ribas CM, Meotti FC, Missau FC, Pizzolatti MG, Dafre AL, Santos AR. Protective effects of Polygala paniculata extract against methylmercury induced neurotoxicity in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005;57:1503-8.
51. Ho HY, Cheng ML, Weng SF, Chang L, Yeh TT, Shih SR, Chiu DT. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency enhances enterovirus 71 infection. J Gen Virol. 2008;89(9):2080-9.
52. Mukherjee TK, Mishra AK, Mukhopadhyay S, Hoidal JR. High concentration of antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and mitoquinone-Q induces intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and oxidative stress by increasing intracellular glutathione. J Immunol. 2007;178(3):1835-44.
53. Bremner I, Beattie JH. Metallothionein and the trace minerals. Annu Rev Nutri. 1990;10:63-83.
54. Peixoto NC, Serafim MA, Flores EM, Bebianno MJ, Pereira ME. Metallothionein, zinc, and mercury levels in tissues of young rats exposed to zinc and subsequently to mercury. Life Sci. 2007;81:1264-71.
55. Costa M, Christie NT, Cantoni O, Zelikoff JT, Wang XW, Rossman TG. DNA damage by mercury compounds: an overview. In: Suzuki T, Imura N, Clarkson TW, editors. Advances in mercury toxicology. New York: Plenum Press; 1991. p. 255-73.
56. Ogura H, Takeuchi T, Morimoto K. A comparison of the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, chromosome aberrations and micronucleus techniques for the assessment of the genotoxicity of mercury compounds in human blood lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 1996;340(2-3): 175-82.
57. Belletti S, Orlandini G, Vettori MV, Mutti A, Uggeri J, Scandroglio R, Alinovi R, Gatti R. Time course assessment of methylmercury effects on C6 glioma cells: submicromolar concentrations induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis. J Neurosci Res. 2002;70(5):703-11.
58. Cooke MS, Evans MD, Lunec J. DNA repair: insights from urinary lesion analysis. Free Rad Res. 2002;36(9): 929-32.
59. Betti C, Nigro M. The comet assay for the evaluation of the genetic hazard of pollutants in cetaceans-preliminary results on the genotoxic effects of methylmercury on the bottlenosed dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) lymphocytes in vitro. Marine Poll Bull. 1996;32:545-8.
60. Bucio L, García C, Souza V, Hernández E, González C, Betancourt M, Gutiérrez-Ruiz MC. Uptake, cellular distribution and DNA damage produced by mercuric chloride in a human fetal hepatic cell line. Mutat Res. 1999;423:65-72.
61. Taddei F, Scarcelli V, Frenzilli G, Nigro M. Genotoxic hazard of pollutants in cetaceans: DNA damage and repair evaluated in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncates) by the comet assay. Marine Poll Bull. 2001;42:324-8.