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Has Juries WantingMore Evidence, Aug. 5, ("[T[he programs also foster whatanalysts say is the mistaken notion that criminal science is fast and infallibleand always gets its man.")
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-
For a scholarly treatment of this point, see N. J. Schweitzer and Michael J. Saks, The CSI Effect: Popular Fiction aboutForensic Science Affects Public Expectations about Real Forensic Science, 47 Jurimetrics 357 (2007) ("Compared to non-CSI viewers, CSI viewers weremore critical of the forensic evidence presented at the trial, finding it lessbelievable.").
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Saks, M.J.2
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03-01, 337 F. Supp. 2d 1218 (D. Or. 2004) (No. 04-MC-9071)
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Press Release, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Statement on BrandonMayfield Case, May 24, 2004.
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The FBI apologizes to Mr. Mayfield and hisfamily for the hardships that this matter has caused
-
The press release of May 24 is mostly devotedto explaining its error in the most favorable terms it can manage, and endswith the following sentence
-
The press release of May 24 is mostly devotedto explaining its error in the most favorable terms it can manage, and endswith the following sentence: "The FBI apologizes to Mr. Mayfield and hisfamily for the hardships that this matter has caused."
-
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15
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84900912737
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The United States of America apologizesto Mr. Brandon Mayfield and his family for the suffering cause by the FBI'smisidentification of Mr. Mayfield's fingerprint
-
The real apology inthe case came more than two years later, well after the case had faded fromthe headlines, and begins with
-
The real apology inthe case came more than two years later, well after the case had faded fromthe headlines, and begins with "The United States of America apologizesto Mr. Brandon Mayfield and his family for the suffering cause by the FBI'smisidentification of Mr. Mayfield's fingerprint,"
-
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16
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84900927201
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deeply unsettling
-
and includes an acknowledgmentthat the events were, to Mr. Mayfield and hisfamily
-
and includes an acknowledgmentthat the events were "deeply unsettling" to Mr. Mayfield and hisfamily.
-
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17
-
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84900928362
-
Apology Note
-
It states that Mayfield's identification and arrest were a result ofFBI mistakes, and does not repeat the excuses that appeared in the May 24 statement, Nov. 29
-
It states that Mayfield's identification and arrest were a result ofFBI mistakes, and does not repeat the excuses that appeared in the May 24 statement. Apology Note, Washington Post, Nov. 29, 2006.
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Oct. 17, admission byone of the verifying examiners that he knew "another examiner had alreadydeclared a match"
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Flynn McRoberts, Steve Mills, and Maurice Possley, Unproven TechniquesSway Courts, Erode Justice, Chicago Tribune, Oct. 17, 2004 (admission byone of the verifying examiners that he knew "another examiner had alreadydeclared a match").
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The Invention
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describing the advent of DNA testing on very small samples due to the useof polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, which made it possible to replicatetiny amounts of DNA many times for testing purposes
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"The Invention," describing the advent of DNA testing on very small samples due to the useof polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, which made it possible to replicatetiny amounts of DNA many times for testing purposes.
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A large number of sources, to which I will return, substantiate this claim. Among them are
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group has taken public positions and advocated for and against legislation for at least a decade, according to legislative activity web page), accessed Sept. 1
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Full-scale effort in legislature as well as a political action committee that works on issues of candidate endorsements, state referenda, and gubernatorial appointments
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California State Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 3
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245
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offering members a "Legislation" web page, where for each year members can "[f]ind out all the details on FSAsupported legislation, including the politicians and players"
-
Florida Sheriffs Association (FSA), accessed Sept. 1
-
Florida Sheriffs Association (FSA) (offering members a "Legislation" web page, where for each year members can "[f]ind out all the details on FSAsupported legislation, including the politicians and players"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.flsheriffs.org/index.cfm/referer/content.contentList/ID/319/
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246
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listing as among its activities and services "advocacy in the Georgia General Assembly" on various crime control and law enforcement issues
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247
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84900927069
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listing as part of its mission "[t]o study, prepare, and present to the Legislature such changes or additions to the current laws as the experience of the sheriffs would indicate, and would be beneficial in the effective enforcement of the laws, and in the better conduct of the business of the sheriff's officers"
-
Idaho Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Idaho Sheriffs' Association (listing as part of its mission "[t]o study, prepare, and present to the Legislature such changes or additions to the current laws as the experience of the sheriffs would indicate, and would be beneficial in the effective enforcement of the laws, and in the better conduct of the business of the sheriff's officers"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.idahosheriffsassociation.com/ISA%20 Mission.html;
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248
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84900927070
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showing membership of large legislative committee and legislative advisory committee
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Indiana Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
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Indiana Sheriffs' Association (showing membership of large legislative committee and legislative advisory committee), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.indianasheriffs.org/ns/legislative.php;
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249
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84900927071
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listing a legislative committee that "promotes the legislative goals of the Association in the Iowa Legislature"
-
Iowa State Sheriffs and Deputies Association, accessed Sept. 1
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Iowa State Sheriffs and Deputies Association (listing a legislative committee that "promotes the legislative goals of the Association in the Iowa Legislature"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.issda.org/LegislativeCommittee.htm;
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250
-
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84900927059
-
listing a legislative committee's membership, and listing among the organization's goals "support[ing] legislation that is beneficial for the community safety and security"
-
Kansas Sheriff's Association [sic], accessed Sept. 1
-
Kansas Sheriff's Association [sic] (listing a legislative committee's membership, and listing among the organization's goals "support[ing] legislation that is beneficial for the community safety and security"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.kansassheriff.org/about.htmandhttp://www.kansassheriff.org/comitee.htm;
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-
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251
-
-
84900927060
-
noting that among association activities, "We actively promote and support legislation to provide sheriffs with the authority and responsibility necessary to properly administer their departments and to upgrade conditions of employment to be able to attract and retain the most qualified personnel in order to best serve the citizens of Maine"
-
Maine Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Maine Sheriffs' Association (noting that among association activities, "We actively promote and support legislation to provide sheriffs with the authority and responsibility necessary to properly administer their departments and to upgrade conditions of employment to be able to attract and retain the most qualified personnel in order to best serve the citizens of Maine"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.mainesheriffs.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=browse&id=103740&pageid=63;
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(2010)
-
-
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252
-
-
84900927061
-
declaring that it "[m]aintain[s] a leadership role in support and enactment of appropriate law enforcement legislation" and actively monitors pending legislation
-
Michigan Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Michigan Sheriffs' Association (declaring that it "[m]aintain[s] a leadership role in support and enactment of appropriate law enforcement legislation" and actively monitors pending legislation), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.michigansheriff.com/about/about.htm;
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253
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84900927062
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organization's mission includes studying, preparing, and presenting proposed legislation to the legislature
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Minnesota Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Minnesota Sheriffs' Association (organization's mission includes studying, preparing, and presenting proposed legislation to the legislature), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.mnchiefs.org/mc/page.do?sitePageId=32472;
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-
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254
-
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84900927056
-
claiming that the association "scored many other victories through legislative work" and noting its "persistence in the legislature"
-
Montana Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Montana Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association (claiming that the association "scored many other victories through legislative work" and noting its "persistence in the legislature"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.mspoa.org/history.htm;
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(2010)
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-
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255
-
-
84900927057
-
noting that the group made it a practice to advise the state legislature and the governor's office "concerning the feasibility and implications of proposed legislation or administrative rules"
-
New York State Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
New York State Sheriffs' Association (noting that the group made it a practice to advise the state legislature and the governor's office "concerning the feasibility and implications of proposed legislation or administrative rules"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.nysheriffs.org/who-we-are;
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-
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256
-
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84900927058
-
stating that the group advocates for sheriffs by monitoring the General Assembly, and website containing annual and weekly legislative reports that include bill descriptions and information on whether the group supported or opposed the bills
-
North Carolina Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
North Carolina Sheriffs' Association (stating that the group advocates for sheriffs by monitoring the General Assembly, and website containing annual and weekly legislative reports that include bill descriptions and information on whether the group supported or opposed the bills), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.ncsheriffs.org/Weekly%20Legislative%20Report/2009/NCSA.FLR.2009.pdf;
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257
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84900927048
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Association states that it "represents law enforcement issues at the legislature in Pierre every year."
-
South Dakota Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
South Dakota Sheriffs' Association (Association states that it "represents law enforcement issues at the legislature in Pierre every year."), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.southdakotasheriffs.org/assoc.htm;
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-
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258
-
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84900927049
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stating that it provides and funds "a legislative liaison service for improving laws that protect the citizenry"
-
Tennessee Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Tennessee Sheriffs' Association (stating that it provides and funds "a legislative liaison service for improving laws that protect the citizenry"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.tnsheriffs.com/MissionStatement.htm;
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-
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259
-
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84900927050
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organization's legislative committee members "are active participants in the legislative process and insure that all bills introduced which affect the duties, responsibilities, training, court and jail functions of the Sheriffs are given proper consideration"
-
Sheriffs Association of Texas, accessed Sept. 1
-
Sheriffs Association of Texas (organization's legislative committee members "are active participants in the legislative process and insure that all bills introduced which affect the duties, responsibilities, training, court and jail functions of the Sheriffs are given proper consideration"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.txsheriffs.org/;
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-
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260
-
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84900927051
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claiming to be "in the forefront of the legislative process" and "a driving force" with the state's General Assembly over the course of many years, influencing many criminal justice issues as well as issues of working conditions and salaries
-
Virginia Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
Virginia Sheriffs' Association (claiming to be "in the forefront of the legislative process" and "a driving force" with the state's General Assembly over the course of many years, influencing many criminal justice issues as well as issues of working conditions and salaries), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://vasheriff.org/legislative/;
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(2010)
-
-
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261
-
-
84900927052
-
noting organization's taking part in the legislative process, and presenting a detailed legislative agenda for 2010
-
Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs, accessed Sept. 1
-
Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs (noting organization's taking part in the legislative process, and presenting a detailed legislative agenda for 2010), accessed Sept. 1, 2001, at http://www.waspc.org/index.php?c=Legislation;
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(2001)
-
-
-
262
-
-
84900927053
-
featuring a legislative update section on organization's web page and "watch list" on bills of special interest to law enforcement
-
West Virginia Sheriffs' Association, accessed Sept. 1
-
West Virginia Sheriffs' Association (featuring a legislative update section on organization's web page and "watch list" on bills of special interest to law enforcement), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.wvsheriff.org/pdf%20files/2008_Legislative_ Final_List.pdf;
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-
-
-
263
-
-
84900927055
-
declaring that the association's Government Relations Office "monitors thousands of legislative proposals... and advocates for member interests in the Governors [sic] Office and before the Wisconsin Legislature at the State Capitol in Madison. These efforts greatly benefit Wisconsin's 72 county sheriffs, and thousands of their deputies, jailers, and retirees"
-
Wisconsin Sheriff's and Deputy Sheriff's Association [sic], accessed Sept. 1
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Wisconsin Sheriff's and Deputy Sheriff's Association [sic] (declaring that the association's Government Relations Office "monitors thousands of legislative proposals... and advocates for member interests in the Governors [sic] Office and before the Wisconsin Legislature at the State Capitol in Madison. These efforts greatly benefit Wisconsin's 72 county sheriffs, and thousands of their deputies, jailers, and retirees"), accessed Sept. 1, 2010, at http://www.wsdsa.org/legislative.
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Advocacy and Policy Strategist, national ACLU
-
Sept. 16, notes on file with the author
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Rachel Bloom, Advocacy and Policy Strategist, national ACLU, Sept. 16, 2010 (notes on file with the author).
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265
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Email correspondence with ACLU state legislative coordinator who wishes to remain anonymous
-
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Email correspondence with ACLU state legislative coordinator who wishes to remain anonymous, Aug. 18, 2010 (copy on file with the author).
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266
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84900926971
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Email communication with Steve Saloom, the Innocence Project
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Sept. 10, copy on file with the author
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Email communication with Steve Saloom, the Innocence Project, Sept. 10, 2010 (copy on file with the author).
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267
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S.B. 77, 128th Ohio General Assembly
-
S.B. 77, 128th Ohio General Assembly (2010);
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Ohio's New DNA Law Called Model, Columbus Dispatch
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