Mobile and pervasive technology in education and training: Potential and possibilities, problems and pitfalls

Risk Assessment and Management in Pervasive Computing: Operational, Legal, Ethical, and Financial Perspectives

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 53-85

  Lee, Mark J W ^a  

^a CHARLES STURT UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84900595503     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-220-6.ch004     Document Type: Chapter

References (121)

1. Addlesee, M., Curwen, R., Hodges, S., Newman, J., Steggles, P., Ward, A., & Hopper, A. (2001). Implementing a sentient computing system. IEEE Computer, 34(8), 50-56.
2. Anolli, L., Mantovani, F., Balestra, M., Agliati, A., Realdon, O., Zurloni, V., Mortillaro, M., Vescovo, A., & Confalonieri, L. (2005). The potential of affective computing in e-learning: MYSELF project experience. Paper presented at the Workshop on eLearning and Human-Computer Interaction: Exploring design synergies for more effective learning experiences. Part of Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2005: IFIP TC13 International Conference, Rome, September 12-16. Retrieved December 30, 2007, from http://images.1-to-x.com/acse/artMySelf02.pdf.
3. Attwell, G. (2007). Personal learning environments: The future of E-learning? eLearning Papers, 2(1). Retrieved December 11, 2007, from http://www.elearningeuropa.info/files/media/media11561.pdf.
4. Barker, A., Krull, G., & Mallinson, B. (2005). A proposed theoretical model for M-learning adoption in developing countries. In H. van der Merwe & T. Brown (Eds.), Mobile technology: The future of learning in your hands. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual International Conference on Mobile Learning (mLearn'05) (pp. 17-22). Cape Town: mLearn 2005.
5. Boettcher, J. V. (2006). The rise of student performance content. Campus Technology, February 28. Retrieved February 11, 2007, from http://www.campustechnology/article.aspx?aid=40747.
6. Boyd, D. (2007). The significance of social software. In T. N. Burg & J. Schmidt (Eds.), BlogTalks reloaded: Social software research & cases (pp. 15-30). Norderstedt, Germany: Books on Demand.
7. Braun, S., & Schmidt, A. (2006). Socially-aware informal learning support: potentials and challenges of the social dimension. In W. Nejdl & K. Tochtermann, Klaus (Eds.), Innovative approaches for learning and knowledge sharing: First European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2006, Crete, Greece, October 1-4, 2006, Proceedings: Vol. 4227 Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 518-524). Berlin: Springer.
8. Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, S. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32-42.
9. Buchanan, K. (2003). Opportunity knocking: Coopting and games, ALT-N, 43, 10-11. Retrieved from http://www.alt.ac.uk/docs/ALT43web.pdf.
10. Carnegie Mellon University (2001). Situationally appropriate interaction. Retrieved June 21, 2005, from http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~hudson/sai/.
11. Cereijo-Roibás, A., & Arnedillo-Sánchez, I. (2002). Pathways to m-learning. In S. Anastopoulou, M. Sharples, & G. Vavoula (Eds.), Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Mobile and Contextual Learning (pp. 53-56). Birmingham, England: University of Birmingham.
12. Chan, A., & Lee, M. J. W. (2005). An MP3 a day keeps the worries away: Exploring the use of podcasting to address preconceptions and alleviate pre-class anxiety amongst undergraduate information technology students. In D. H. R. Spennemann & L. Burr (Eds.), Good Practice in Practice: Proceedings of the Student Experience Conference (pp. 58-70). Wagga Wagga, New South Wales: Charles Sturt University.
13. Chang, C. Y., Sheu, J. P., & Chan, T. W. (2003). Concept and design of ad hoc and mobile classrooms. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19(3), 336-346.
14. Clark, D., & Walsh, S. (2004). iPod-learning. Brighton, England: Epic Group.
15. Cobcroft, R., Towers, S., Smith, J., & Bruns, A. (2006). Mobile learning in review: Opportunities and challenges for learners, teachers, and institutions. Paper presented at the Online Learning and Teaching Conference 2006, Brisbane, Queensland, September 26. Retrieved December 2, 2007, from https://olt.qut.edu.au/udf/OLT2006/gen/static/papers/Cobcroft_OLT2006_paper.pdf.
16. Corlett, D., Chan, T., Ting, J., & Sharples, M. (2005). Interactive logbook: A mobile portfolio and personal development planning tool. In H. van der Merwe & T. Brown (Eds.), Mobile technology: The future of learning in your hands. Proceedings of Fourth World conference on mLearning (pp. 32-36). Cape Town: mLearn 2005.
17. Dawabi, P., Wessner, M., & Neuhold, E. (2004). Using mobile devices for the classroom of the future. In J. Attewell & C. Savill-Smith (Eds.), Learning with mobile devices: Research and development. mLearn 2003 book of papers. (pp. 55-59). London: Learning and Development Skills Agency.
18. Desharnais, R. A., & Limson, M. (2007). Designing and implementing virtual courseware to promote inquiry-based learning. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 30-39. Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://jolt.merlot.org/vol3no1/desharnais.pdf.
19. Dong, A., Barker, D., Chen, E., Daruwala, Y., James, C., & Maher, M. L. (2004). Towards the sentient: A room that senses, thinks and effects. In Z. Bromberek (Ed.), Contexts of architecture: Proceedings of the 38th annual conference of the Architectural Science Association (ANZAScA) and the International Building Performance Simulation Association - Australasia (pp. 78-83). Launceton: School of Architecture, University of Tasmania.
20. Downes, S. (2004). Educational blogging. EDUCAUSE Review, 39(5) 14-26.
21. Downes, S. (2005). E-learning 2.0. ELearn, October. Retrieved January 11, 2006, from http://www.elearnmag.org/subpage.cfm?section=articles&article=29-1.
22. Dron, J. (2007). Control and constraint in elearning: Choosing when to choose. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing.
23. Dybwad, B. (2005). Approaching a definition of Web 2.0. The social software Weblog [weblog], September 29. Retrieved December 31, 2007, from http://socialsoftware.weblogsinc.com/2005/09/29/approaching-a-definition-of-web-2-0/.
24. Edelson, D. C., Gordin, D. N., & Pea, R. D. (1999). Addressing the challenges of inquiry-based learning through technology and curriculum design. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 8(3/4), 391-450.
25. EDUCAUSE. (2007). EDUCAUSE Connect: eportfolios. Retrieved December 29, 2007, from http://connect.educause.edu/term_view/e-portfolios.
26. Equator. (2006). Ambient wood I. Retrieved January 2, 2008, from http://www.equator.ac.uk/index.php/articles/626.
27. Facer, K., Stanton, D., Joiner, R., Reid, J., Hull, R., & Kirk, D. (2005). Savannah: Mobile gaming and learning? Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 20(6), 399-409.
28. Fink, L. (2005). Making textbooks worthwhile. Chronicle of Higher Education, September 16. Retrieved March 11, 2007, from http://chronicle.com/weekly/v52/i04/04b01201.htm.
29. Fischer, R. (2006). Microlearning with mobile Weblogs. In T. Hug, M. Lindner, & P. A. Bruck (Eds.), Microlearning:Eemerging concepts, practices and technologies after E-Learning. Proceedings of microlearning 2005: Learning & working in new media (pp. 121-130). Innsbruck: Innsbruck University Press.
30. Fischer, G., & Konomi, S. (2005). Innovative media in support of distributed intelligence and lifelong learning. In Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (pp. 3-10). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society.
31. Fogarty, J., Hudson, S. E., Atkeson, C. G., Avrahami, D., Forlizzi, J., Kiesler S., Lee, J. C., & Yang, J. (2005). Predicting human interruptibility with sensors. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 12(1), 119-146.
32. Frand, J. (2000). The information-age mindset: changes in students and implications for higher education. EDUCAUSE Review, 35(5), 15-24.
33. Futurelab. (2006). Mudlurking in deptford. Bristol, England: Furturelab. Retrieved January 2, 2008, from http://www.futurelab.org.uk/resources/documents/project_reports/mini_reports/mudlarking_mini_report.pdf.
34. Frydenberg, M. (2006). Principles and pedagogy: The two P's of podcasting in the information technology classroom. In D. Colton, W. J. Tastle, M. Hensel, & A. A. Abdullat (Eds.), Proceedings of ISECON 2006 (§3354). Chicago: AITP.
35. Geddes, S. (2004). Mobile learning in the 21st century: Benefit for learners. The Knowledge Tree: An e-Journal of Learning Innovation, 6. Retrieved November 14, 2006, from http://knowledgetree.flexiblelearning.net.au/edition06/download/geddes.pdf.
36. Greenberg, G. (2004). The digital convergence: Extending the portfolio model. EDUCAUSE Review, 39(4), 28-37.
37. Harris, P. (2001). Going mobile. Learning Circuits, July. Retrieved November 14, 2006 from http://www.learningcircuits.org/2001/jul2001/harris.html.
38. Hilton, J. (2006). The future for higher education: sunrise or perfect storm? EDUCAUSE Review, 41(2), 58-71.
39. Hopper, A. (2000). Sentinent computing - The Royal Society Clifford Paterson Lecture 1999. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 358(1773), 2349-2358.
40. Howe, N., & Strauss, B. (2000). Millennials rising: the next great generation. New York: Vintage.
41. Hug, T., Lindner, M., & Bruck, P. A. (Eds.). (2006). Microlearning: Emerging concepts, practices and technologies after E-learning. Proceedings of Microlearning 2005: Learning & working in new media (pp. 121-130). Innsbruck, Austria: Innsbruck University Press.
42. Jafari, A. (2002). Conceptualizing intelligent agents for teaching and learning. EDUCAUSE Quarterly, 25(3), 28-34.
43. Joyes, G. (2005/2006). When pedagogy leads technology. The International Journal of Technology, Knowledge & Society, 1(5), 107-113.
44. Keegan, D. (2002). The future of learning: From E-Learning to M-Learning. Hagan, Germany: Zentrales Institut für Fernstudienforschung, FernUniversität. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 472 435).
45. Keegan, D. (2005). The incorporation of mobile learning into mainstream education and training. In H. van der Merwe & T. Brown (Eds.), Mobile technology:Tthe future of learning in your hands. Proceedings of Fourth World conference on M-Learning (pp. 65-70). Cape Town: mLearn 2005.
46. Kindberg, T., & O'Hara, K. (2006). "You are here" - Experiences with located symbols [Technical report]. Retrieved January 1, 2008, from http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/2006/HPL-2006120.html?mtxs=rss-hpl-tr.
47. Kukulska-Hulma, A. (2005a). Current uses of wireless and mobile learning. Bristol, England: JISC. Retrieved July 21, 2007, from http://www.jisc.ac.uk/uploaded_documents/Current%20Uses%20FINAL%202005.doc.
48. Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2005b). The mobile language learner - Now and in the future [Webcast]. Plenary session delivered at the Fran Vision till Praktik (From Vision to Practice) Language Learning Symposium, Umeå, Sweden, May 11-12. Retrieved February 3, 2006, from http://www2.humlab.umu.se/video/Praktikvision/agnes.ram.
49. Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Traxler, J. (2005). Mobile learning: A handbook for educators and trainers. New York: Taylor and Francis.
50. Lamb, B. (2007). Dr Mashup; Or, why educators should learn to stop worrying and love the remix. EDUCAUSE Review, 42(4), 12-25.
51. Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
52. Leadbeater, C. (2006). The ten habits of mass innovation. London: NESTA. Retrieved November 3, 2007, from http://www.nesta.org.uk/assets/pdf/ten_habits_of_mass_innovation_provocation_NESTA.pdf.
53. Lee, C.-H. J., Wetzel, J., & Selker, T. (2006). Enhancing interface design using attentive interaction design toolkit. Paper presented at the International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Educators program, Boston, July 30-August 3. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://web.media.mit.edu/~jackylee/publication/attentive_sig_edu.pdf.
54. Lee, M. J. W. (2005). Mobile learning: Should we get a move on? Training and Development in Australia, 32(4), 8-11.
55. Lee, M. J. W., Chan, A., & McLoughlin, C. (2006). Educational podcasting using the Charles Sturt University Flexible Publishing platform. In T. Reeves & S. Yamashita (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare and Higher Education (E-Learn 2006) (pp. 2894-2901). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
56. Ley, D. (2007). Ubiquitous computing. In Emerging technologies for learning (Vol. 2, pp. 64-79). Coventry, England: Becta. Retrieved November 29, 2007, from http://partners.becta.org.uk/upload-dir/downloads/page_documents/research/emerging_technologies07.pdf.
57. Linden, A., & Fenn, J. (2003). Understanding Gartner's hype cycles. Retrieved December 19, 2007, from http://www.gartner.com/pages/story.php.id.8795.s.8.jsp.
58. Lindner, M. (2006). Use these tools, your mind will follow. Learning in immersive micromedia and microknowledge environments. In D. Whitelock & S. Wheeler (Eds.), The next generation: Research proceedings of the 13th ALT-C conference (pp. 41-49). Oxford: ALT.
59. Luckin, R., Brewster, D., Pearce, D., SiddonsCorby, R., & du Boulay, B. (2004). SMILE: the creation of space for interaction through blended digital technology. In J. Attewell & C. Savill-Smith (Eds.), Learning with mobile devices: Research and development. mLearn 2003 book of papers. (pp. 87-93). London: Learning and Development Skills Agency.
60. Manolo. (n. d.). Mobile case studies. Retrieved November 1, 2007, from http://130.37.78.10/Projecten/Manolo/deliverables/cases.asp.
61. Macindoe, O., & Maher, M. L. (2005). Intrinsically motivated intelligent rooms. In T. Enokido, L. Yan, B. Xia, D. Kim, Y. Dai, & L. T. Yang (Eds.), Embedded and ubiquitous computing - EUC 2005 workshops (pp. 189-197). Berlin: Springer.
62. Masie, E. (2005). Nano-learning [Podcast transcript]. Retrieved July 2, 2006, from http://www.masieweb.com/component/option,com_alphacontent/Itemid,122/section,9/cat,29/task,view/id,1321/.
63. Masie, E. (2006). Nano-learning: Miniaturization of design. Chief Learning Officer, 5(1), 17.
64. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (2005). MIT iCampus: iLabs. Retrieved August 9, 2007, from http://ocw.mit.edu/.
65. Mattila, P., & Fordell, T. (2005). MOOP - Using M-Learning environment in primary schools. In H. van der Merwe & T. Brown (Eds.), Mobile technology: the future of learning in your hands. Proceedings of Fourth World conference on mLearning (pp. 107-111). Cape Town: mLearn 2005.
66. McLoughlin, C., Brady, J., Lee, M. J. W., & Russell, R. (2007). Peer-to-peer: An E-Mentoring approach to facilitating reflection on professional experience for novice teachers. Paper presented at the 2007 Australian Association for Research in Education Conference, Fremantle, Western Australia, November 25-29.
67. McMahon, M., & Pospisil, R. (2005). Laptops for a digital lifestyle: millennial students and wireless mobile technologies. In H. Goss (Ed.), Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: Proceedings of the 22nd ASCILITE Conference (pp. 421-432). Brisbane, Queensland: Queensland University of Technology.
68. Menell, B. (2005). Atomization of learning (Beyond the learning object). Learning 2.0 [Weblog], November. Retrieved January 8, 2006, from http://learning20.blogspot.com/2005/11/atomization-of-learning-beyond.html.
69. MERLOT. (2006). Retrieved February 11, 2007, from http://www.merlot.org/.
70. Metcalf, D. (2002). Stolen moments for learning. eLearning Developers' Journal, March, 18-20. Retrieved June 21, 2005, from http://www.elearningguild.com/pdf/2/March02-Metcalf-H.pdf.
71. Mifsud, L. (2003). Learning 2go: making reality of the scenarios? Learning with mobile devices. Proceedings of mLearn 2003 (pp. 99-104). London: Learning and Skills Development Agency.
72. MIT Project Oxygen. (2004). E21 intelligent spaces. Retrieved October 2, 2007, from http://www.oxygen.lcs.mit.edu/E21.html.
73. Moore, J. W. (2003). Are textbooks dispensable? Journal of Chemical Education, 80(4), 359.
74. Naismith, L., & Corlett, D. (2006). Reflections on success: a retrospective of the mLearn conference series 2002-2005. Paper presented at the Fifth World conference on mLearning (mLearn 2006), Banff, Canada, October 22-25. Retrieved November 26, 2007, from http://auspace.athabascau.ca:8080/dspace/bitstream/2149/1239/1/Naismith_Corlett+mlearn06.pdf.
75. Naismith, L., Lonsdale, P., Vavoula, G., & Sharples, M. (2004). Report 11: Literature review in mobile technologies and learning. Bristol, England: Futurelab. Retrieved November 15, 2006, from http://www.futurelab.org.uk/resources/documents/lit_reviews/Mobile_Review.pdf.
76. Oblinger, D. G. (2003). Boomers, gen-Xers, and millennials: Understanding the "new students". EDUCAUSE Review, 38(4), 37-47.
77. Oblinger, D. G. (2004). The next generation of educational engagement. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2004(8). Retrieved April 17, 2006, from http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/2004/8/oblinger-2004-8-disc-paper.html.
78. Oblinger, D. G., & Oblinger, J. L. (Eds.). (2005). Educating the net generation. Washington, D.C.: EDUCAUSE.
79. Ogata, H., & Yano, Y. (2004). Context-aware support for computer-supported ubiquitous learning. In J. Roschelle, T.-W. Chan, Kinshuk, & S. J. H. Yang (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE'04) (pp. 27-34). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society.
80. O'Malley, C., Vavoula, G., Glew, J. P., Taylor, J., Sharples, M., Lefrere, P., Lonsdale, P., Naismith, L., & Waycott, J. (2005). Guidelines for learning in a mobile environment. MOBIlearn project. Retrieved November 15, 2006, from http://www.mobilearn.org/download/results/public_deliverables/MOBIlearn_D4.1_Final.pdf.
81. O'Reilly, T. (2005). What is Web 2.0: Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software. Retrieved December 15, 2006, from http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html.
82. Paavola, S., & Hakkarainen, K. (2005). The knowledge creation metaphor - An emergent epistemological approach to learning. Science and Education, 14(6), 535-557.
83. Prensky, M. (1998). Twitch speed: Reaching younger workers who think differently. Across the Board, January. Retrieved July 9, 2006, from http://www.twitchspeed.com/site/article.html.
84. Prensky, M. (2001a). Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants, On the Horizon, 9(5). Retrieved July 9, 2006, from http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf.
85. Prensky, M. (2001b). Digital natives, digital immigrants, Part II: Do they really think differently? On the Horizon, 9(6). Retrieved July 9, 2006, from http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part2.pdf
86. Punie, Y., & Cabrera, M. (2006). The future of ICT and learning in the knowledge society. Lux embourg: European Communities. Retrieved May 3, 2007, from http://www.eenet.org/upload/File/Vision%202015/ThefutureofIctandlearningintheknowledgesociety.pdf.
87. Quinn, C. (2000). M-Learning: Mobile, wireless, in-your-pocket learning. Retrieved June 5, 2005, from http://www.linezine.com/2.1/features/cqmmwiyp.htm.
88. Randell, C., Phelps, T., & Rogers, Y. (2003). Ambient wood: Demonstration of a digitally enhanced field trip for school children. In J. McCarthy & J. Scott (Eds.), Adjunct Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2003) (pp. 100-104). Seattle, WA: UbiComp 2003.
89. Reimann, P. (2005). Mobile learning, ready or not? Retrieved November 18, 2006, from http://www.elnet.com.au/experts/mobile_learning.
90. Rickard, W., & Oblinger, D. (2003). Higher education leaders symposium: The next-generation student. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Executive Engagement. Retrieved August 13, 2006, from http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/NLI0425a.pdf.
91. Rogers, Y., Price, S., Fitzpatrick, G., Fleck, R., Harris, E., Smith, H., Randell, C., Muller, H., O'Malley, C., Stanton, D., Thompson, M., & Weal, M. J. (2004). Ambient Wood: designing new forms of digital augmentation for learning outdoors. In A. Druin, J. P. Hourcade, & S. Kollet (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference for Interaction Design and Children (IDC'04) (pp. 3-10). New York: ACM.
92. Rutgers University. (2003). COOL classroom. Retrieved August 3, 2007, from http://www.coolclassroom.org.
93. Sakamura, K., & Koshizuka, N. (2005). Ubiquitous computing technologies for ubiquitous learning. In H. Ogata, M. Sharples, Kinshuk, & Y. Yano (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE'05) (pp. 11-20). Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society.
94. Salaberry, M. R. (2001). The use of technology for second language learning and teaching: a retrospective. The Modern Language Journal, 85(1), 39-56.
95. Salmon, G. (2004). E-Moderating: The key to teaching & learning online (2nd ed.). London: RoutledgeFalmer.
96. Schmidt, A. (2005). Potentials and challenges of context-awareness for learning solutions. In A. Jedlitschka & B. Brandherm (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13th Annual Workshop of the SIG Adaptivity and User Modeling in Interactive Systems (ABIS'05) (pp. 63-68).
97. Sener, J. (2007). In search of student-generated content in online education. E-Mentor, 4(21). Retrieved December 12, 2007, from www.e-mentor.edu.pl/_xml/wydania/21/467.pdf.
98. Sfard, A. (1998). On two metaphors for learning and the dangers of choosing just one. Educational Researcher, 27(2), 4-13.
99. Sharples, M. (2000). The design of personal mobile technologies for lifelong learning. Computers & Education, 34(3), 177-193.
100. Sharples, M. (Ed.). (2006). Big issues in mobile learning: Report of a workshop by the Kaleidoscope Network of Excellence Mobile Learning Initiative. Nottingham, England: University of Nottingham. Retrieved December 30, 2007, from http://telearn.noe-kaleidoscope.org/warehouse/Sharples-2006.pdf.
101. Sharples, M., Taylor, J., & Vavoula, G. (2007) A theory of learning for the mobile age. In R. Andrews & C. Haythornthwaite (Eds.), The Sage handbook of eLearning research (pp. 221-247). London: Sage.
102. Shomstein, S., & Yantis, S. (2004). Control of attention shifts between vision and audition in human cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 24(47), 10702-10706.
103. Siemens, G. (2007a). Digital natives and immigrants: A concept beyond its best before date. Retrieved November 4, 2007, from http://connectivism.ca/blog/2007/10/digital_natives_and_immigrants.html.
104. Siemens, G. (2007b). PLEs - I acronym, therefore I exist. elearnspace: learning, networks, knowledge, technology, community [weblog], April 15. Retrieved November 1, 2007, from http://www.elearnspace.org/blog/archives/002884.html.
105. Smørdal, O., & Gregory, J. (2003). Personal Digital Assistants in medical education and practice. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19(3), 320-329.
106. Soloway, E., Norris, C., Blumenfeld, P., Fishman, B. J., & Marx, R. (2001). Hand-held devices are ready at hand. Communications of the ACM, 44(6), 15-20.
107. Son, C., Lee, Y., & Park, S. (2004). Toward a new definition of m-learning. In G. Richards (Ed.), Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2004 (pp. 2137-2140). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
108. Telstra Bigpond. (2006). Next G Network - Wireless Broadband - Telstra Bigpond. Retrieved November 15, 2006, from http://my.bigpond.com/internetplans/broadband/wireless/NextG/about/default.jsp.
109. Thomas, S. (2005). Pervasive, persuasive eLearning: modeling the pervasive learning space. In Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on pervasive computing and communications workshops (PERCOMW'05) (pp. 332-336). Los Alamitos: IEEE Computer Society.
110. Traxler, J., & Bridges, N. (2005). Mobile learning - the ethical and legal challenges. In J. Attewell & C. Savill-Smith (Eds.), Mobile learning anytime everywhere: A book of papers from mLearn 2004 (pp. 203-207). London: Learning and Development Skills Agency.
111. Trifonova, A., & Ronchetti, M. (2003). Where is mobile learning going? Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare & Higher Education 2003 (pp. 1794-1801). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
112. Trifonova, A., & Ronchetti, M. (2006). Hoarding content for mobile learning. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 4(4), 459-476.
113. Tynan, B., & Colbran, S. (2006). Podcasting, student learning and expectations. In L. Markauskaite, P. Goodyear, & P. Reimann (Eds), Who's learning? Whose technology? Proceedings of the 23rd ASCILITE Conference (pp. 825-832). Sydney, NSW: University of Sydney.
114. University of Southampton. (2006). mPLAT - mobile learning support tools. Retrieved January 8, 2007, from http://www.mplat.ecs.soton.ac.uk/.
115. van Barneveld, A., & Shaw, S. (2006). Mobile learning: A review of implementations. In T. Reeves & S. Yamashita (Eds.), Proceedings of E-Learn 2006 World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education (pp. 980-985). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
116. van der Merwe, H., & Brown, T. (Eds.) (2006). Mobile technology: The future of learning in your hands. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual International Conference on Mobile Learning (mLearn'05). Cape Town: mLearn 2005.
117. Vertegaal, R., Shell, J. S., Chen, D., & Mamuji, A. (2006). Designing for augmented attention: towards a framework for attentive user interfaces. Computers in Human Behavior, 22(4), 771-789.
118. Weiser, M. (1991). The computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American, 265(3), 94-101.
119. Wentzel, P., van Lammeren, R., Molendrijk, M., de Bruin, S., & Wagtendonk, A. (2005). Using mobile technology to enhance students' educational experiences. Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research.
120. Wilson, E. (2005, June 7). Why mobile e-learning fails to make a move. Sydney Morning Herald, Next, 5.
121. Wood, K. (2003). Introduction to mobile learning. Retrieved July 5, 2004, from http://ferl.becta.org.uk/display.cfm?resID=5194.