메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 4752-4775

Impacts of parameterized langmuir turbulence and nonbreaking wave mixing in global climate simulations

Author keywords

Mixing, Wind waves, Climate models, Coupled models, Parameterization, Subgrid scale processes

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS; CLIMATE MODELS; MIXING; OCEAN CURRENTS; REYNOLDS NUMBER; TURBULENCE; WATER WAVES;

EID: 84900564549     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00583.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 67349201391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waveinduced upper-oceanmixing in a climatemodel of intermediate complexity
    • doi: 10.1016/ j.ocemod.2009.04.003.
    • Babanin, A. V., A. Ganopolski, and W. R. C. Phillips, 2009: Waveinduced upper-oceanmixing in a climatemodel of intermediate complexity. Ocean Modell., 29, 189-197, doi: 10.1016/ j.ocemod.2009.04.003.
    • (2009) Ocean Modell. , vol.29 , pp. 189-197
    • Babanin, A.V.1    Ganopolski, A.2    Phillips, W.R.C.3
  • 2
    • 84865087836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean biases, variability, and trends in air-sea fluxes and sea surface temperature in the CCSM4
    • doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00442.1.
    • Bates, S. C., B. Fox-Kemper, S. R. Jayne, W.G. Large, S. Stevenson, and S. G. Yeager, 2012: Mean biases, variability, and trends in air-sea fluxes and sea surface temperature in the CCSM4. J. Climate, 25, 7781-7801, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00442.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 7781-7801
    • Bates, S.C.1    Fox-Kemper, B.2    Jayne, S.R.3    Large, W.G.4    Stevenson, S.5    Yeager, S.G.6
  • 3
    • 84867029827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global perspective on Langmuir turbulence in the ocean surface boundary layer
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1029/2012GL052932.
    • Belcher, S. E., and Coauthors, 2012: A global perspective on Langmuir turbulence in the ocean surface boundary layer. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, L18605, doi: 10.1029/2012GL052932.
    • (2012) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.49
    • Belcher, S.E.1
  • 4
    • 0033560642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Athird-generation wave model for coastal regions 1. Model description and validation
    • doi: 10.1029/ 98JC02622.
    • Booij, N., R. C. Ris, and L.H. Holthuijsen, 1999: Athird-generation wave model for coastal regions 1. Model description and validation. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7649-7666, doi: 10.1029/ 98JC02622.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 7649-7666
    • Booij, N.1    Ris, R.C.2    Holthuijsen, L.H.3
  • 5
    • 84861308717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind waves in the coupled climate system
    • doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00170.1.
    • Cavaleri, L., B. Fox-Kemper, and M. Hemer, 2012: Wind waves in the coupled climate system. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 1651-1661, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00170.1.
    • (2012) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.93 , pp. 1651-1661
    • Cavaleri, L.1    Fox-Kemper, B.2    Hemer, M.3
  • 6
    • 0016916924 scopus 로고
    • A rational model for Langmuir circulations
    • doi: 10.1017/S0022112076001420.
    • Craik, A. D. D., and S. Leibovich, 1976: A rational model for Langmuir circulations. J. FluidMech., 73, 401-426, doi: 10.1017/S0022112076001420.
    • (1976) J. FluidMech. , vol.73 , pp. 401-426
    • Craik, A.D.D.1    Leibovich, S.2
  • 8
    • 33645219567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3629.1.
    • Delworth, T., and Coauthors, 2006: GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics. J. Climate, 19, 643-674, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3629.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 643-674
    • Delworth, T.1
  • 9
    • 84871309330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential for abrupt change in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
    • Coauthors, Abrupt Climate Change: Final Report, Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.4, DIANE Publishing
    • Delworth, T., and Coauthors, 2008: The potential for abrupt change in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Abrupt Climate Change: Final Report, Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.4, DIANE Publishing, 258-359.
    • (2008) , pp. 258-359
    • Delworth, T.1
  • 10
    • 84867671008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon earth system models. Part I: Physical formulation and baseline simulation characteristics
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00560.1.
    • Dunne, J. P., and Coauthors, 2012: GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon earth system models. Part I: Physical formulation and baseline simulation characteristics. J. Climate, 25, 6646-6665, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00560.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 6646-6665
    • Dunne, J.P.1
  • 11
    • 84876076246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon Earth system models. Part II: Carbon system formulation and baseline simulation characteristics
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00150.1.
    • Dunne, J. P., and Coauthors, 2013: GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon Earth system models. Part II: Carbon system formulation and baseline simulation characteristics. J. Climate, 26, 2247-2267, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00150.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 2247-2267
    • Dunne, J.P.1
  • 12
    • 0141788203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes: Updates and verification for the COARE algorithm
    • doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016,0571: BPOASF.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Fairall, C. W., E. F. Bradley, J. E. Hare, A. A. Grachev, and J. B. Edson, 2003: Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes: Updates and verification for the COARE algorithm. J. Climate, 16, 571-591, doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016,0571: BPOASF.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 571-591
    • Fairall, C.W.1    Bradley, E.F.2    Hare, J.E.3    Grachev, A.A.4    Edson, J.B.5
  • 13
    • 76349099791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the physical scaling of sea spray spume droplet production
    • doi: 10.1029/ 2008JC004918.
    • Fairall, C. W., M. L. Banner, W. L. Peirson, W. Asher, and R. P. Morison, 2009: Investigation of the physical scaling of sea spray spume droplet production. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C10001, doi: 10.1029/ 2008JC004918.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.114
    • Fairall, C.W.1    Banner, M.L.2    Peirson, W.L.3    Asher, W.4    Morison, R.P.5
  • 14
    • 80455150554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1029/2010JC006884.
    • 3. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C00F09, doi: 10.1029/2010JC006884.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116
    • Fairall, C.W.1
  • 15
    • 84867685139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global ocean surface wave simulation using a coupled atmosphere-wave model
    • doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00621.1.
    • Fan, Y., S. Lin, I. M. Held, Z. Yu, and H. L. Tolman, 2012: Global ocean surface wave simulation using a coupled atmosphere-wave model. J. Climate, 25, 6233-6252, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00621.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 6233-6252
    • Fan, Y.1    Lin, S.2    Held, I.M.3    Yu, Z.4    Tolman, H.L.5
  • 16
    • 84881635926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean warming effect on surface gravity wave climate change for the end of the twenty-first century
    • doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00410.1.
    • Fan, Y., I.M. Held, S. Lin, and X. Wang, 2013: Ocean warming effect on surface gravity wave climate change for the end of the twenty-first century. J. Climate, 26, 6046-6066, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00410.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 6046-6066
    • Fan, Y.1    Held, I.M.2    Lin, S.3    Wang, X.4
  • 17
    • 84900437857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated global swell and wind-sea climate and their responses to anthropogenic climate change at the end of the twenty-first century
    • doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00198.1.
    • Fan, Y., S.-J. Lin, S. M. Griffies, and M. A. Hemer, 2014: Simulated global swell and wind-sea climate and their responses to anthropogenic climate change at the end of the twenty-first century. J. Climate 27, 3516-3536, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00198.1.
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 3516-3536
    • Fan, Y.1    Lin, S.-J.2    Griffies, S.M.3    Hemer, M.A.4
  • 18
    • 0015585256 scopus 로고
    • Circulation and bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea
    • Gill, A., 1973: Circulation and bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea. Deep-Sea Res., 20, 111-140.
    • (1973) Deep-Sea Res. , vol.20 , pp. 111-140
    • Gill, A.1
  • 19
    • 33645815473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part II: The baseline ocean simulation
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3630.1.
    • Gnanadesikan, A., and Coauthors, 2006: GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part II: The baseline ocean simulation. J. Climate, 19, 675-697, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3630.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 675-697
    • Gnanadesikan, A.1
  • 20
    • 0033557403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition of Antarctic Oscillation index
    • doi: 10.1029/1999GL900003.
    • Gong, D., and S. Wang, 1999: Definition of Antarctic Oscillation index. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 459-462, doi: 10.1029/1999GL900003.
    • (1999) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.26 , pp. 459-462
    • Gong, D.1    Wang, S.2
  • 21
    • 77949658547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elements of MOM4p1
    • Available online at
    • Griffies, S. M., 2009: Elements of MOM4p1. GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. 6, 377 pp. [Available online at http://data1.gfdl.noaa.gov/;arl/pubrel/o/old/doc/mom4p1_guide.pdf.]
    • (2009) GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. , vol.6 , pp. 377
    • Griffies, S.M.1
  • 22
    • 80051739643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.5194/ os-1-45-2005.
    • Griffies, S. M., and Coauthors, 2005: Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations. Ocean Sci., 1, 45-79, doi: 10.5194/ os-1-45-2005.
    • (2005) Ocean Sci. , vol.1 , pp. 45-79
    • Griffies, S.M.1
  • 23
    • 52149120615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-eddy simulation of Langmuir turbulence in pure wind seas
    • doi: 10.1175/2007JPO3842.1.
    • Harcourt, R. R., and E. A. D'Asaro, 2008: Large-eddy simulation of Langmuir turbulence in pure wind seas. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1542-1562, doi: 10.1175/2007JPO3842.1.
    • (2008) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.38 , pp. 1542-1562
    • Harcourt, R.R.1    D'Asaro, E.A.2
  • 24
    • 84883491201 scopus 로고
    • The WAM model-A third-generation ocean wave prediction model
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1988)018,1775: TWMTGO.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Hasselmann, S., and Coauthors, 1988: The WAM model-A third-generation ocean wave prediction model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 1775-1810, doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1988)018,1775: TWMTGO.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (1988) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.18 , pp. 1775-1810
    • Hasselmann, S.1
  • 25
    • 0040747815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ideal Craik-Leibovich equations
    • doi: 10.1016/0167-2789(96)00105-4.
    • Holm, D., 1996: The ideal Craik-Leibovich equations. Physica D, 98, 415-441, doi: 10.1016/0167-2789(96)00105-4.
    • (1996) Physica D , vol.98 , pp. 415-441
    • Holm, D.1
  • 26
    • 84877667094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of oceanic nearinertial waves on climate
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00181.1.
    • Jochum, M., and Coauthors, 2013: The impact of oceanic nearinertial waves on climate. J. Climate, 26, 2833-2844, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00181.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 2833-2844
    • Jochum, M.1
  • 27
    • 78650539979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind-controlled export of Antarctic BottomWater from the Weddell Sea
    • doi: 10.1029/ 2010GL042822.
    • Jullion, L., S. C. Jones,A. C.Naveira Garabato, and M. P.Meredith, 2010: Wind-controlled export of Antarctic BottomWater from the Weddell Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L09609, doi: 10.1029/ 2010GL042822.
    • (2010) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.37
    • Jullion, L.1    Jones, S.C.2    Naveira Garabato, A.C.3    Meredith, M.P.4
  • 28
    • 0000720854 scopus 로고
    • On chimney formation in the ocean
    • doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009,0531: OFITO.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Killworth, P. D., 1979: On chimney formation in the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 9, 531-554, doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1979)009,0531: OFITO.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (1979) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.9 , pp. 531-554
    • Killworth, P.D.1
  • 29
    • 34250697870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wave-current interaction: A comparison of radiation-stress and vortex-force representations
    • doi: 10.1175/JPO3043.1.
    • Lane, E. M., J. M. Restrepo, and J. C. McWilliams, 2007: Wave-current interaction: A comparison of radiation-stress and vortex-force representations. J. Phys.Oceanogr., 37, 1122-1141, doi: 10.1175/JPO3043.1.
    • (2007) J. Phys.Oceanogr. , vol.37 , pp. 1122-1141
    • Lane, E.M.1    Restrepo, J.M.2    McWilliams, J.C.3
  • 30
    • 0028591570 scopus 로고
    • Ocean verticalmixing: Areviewandmodelwith a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization
    • doi: 10.1029/ 94RG01872.
    • Large, W. G., J. C. McWilliams, and S. C. Doney, 1994: Ocean verticalmixing: Areviewandmodelwith a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Rev. Geophys., 32, 363-403, doi: 10.1029/ 94RG01872.
    • (1994) Rev. Geophys. , vol.32 , pp. 363-403
    • Large, W.G.1    McWilliams, J.C.2    Doney, S.C.3
  • 31
    • 0027849110 scopus 로고
    • Cellmerging and the jet/downwelling ratio in Langmuir circulation
    • doi: 10.1357/ 0022240933223945.
    • Li,M., andC.Garrett, 1993: Cellmerging and the jet/downwelling ratio in Langmuir circulation. J. Mar. Res., 51, 737-769, doi: 10.1357/ 0022240933223945.
    • (1993) J. Mar. Res. , vol.51 , pp. 737-769
    • Li, M.1    Garrett, C.2
  • 32
    • 0033006763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models
    • doi: 10.1029/ 98RG02739.
    • Marshall, J., and F. Schott, 1999: Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models. Rev. Geophys., 37, 1-64, doi: 10.1029/ 98RG02739.
    • (1999) Rev. Geophys. , vol.37 , pp. 1-64
    • Marshall, J.1    Schott, F.2
  • 33
    • 0033375674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The wave-driven ocean circulation
    • doi: 10.1175/ 1520-0485(1999)029,2523: TWDOC.2.0.CO; 2.
    • McWilliams, J. C., and J. Restrepo, 1999: The wave-driven ocean circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 2523-2540, doi: 10.1175/ 1520-0485(1999)029,2523: TWDOC.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (1999) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.29 , pp. 2523-2540
    • McWilliams, J.C.1    Restrepo, J.2
  • 34
    • 0034450796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical mixing by Langmuir circulations
    • doi: 10.1016/S1353-2561(01)00041-X.
    • McWilliams, J. C., and P. P. Sullivan, 2000: Vertical mixing by Langmuir circulations. Spill Sci. Technol. Bull., 6, 225-237, doi: 10.1016/S1353-2561(01)00041-X.
    • (2000) Spill Sci. Technol. Bull. , vol.6 , pp. 225-237
    • McWilliams, J.C.1    Sullivan, P.P.2
  • 35
    • 84886310499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic wave-balanced surface fronts and filaments
    • doi: 10.1017/ jfm.2013.348.
    • McWilliams, J. C., and B. Fox-Kemper, 2013: Oceanic wave-balanced surface fronts and filaments. J. Fluid Mech., 730, 464-490, doi: 10.1017/ jfm.2013.348.
    • (2013) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.730 , pp. 464-490
    • McWilliams, J.C.1    Fox-Kemper, B.2
  • 36
    • 0031104112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Langmuir turbulence in the ocean
    • doi: 10.1017/S0022112096004375.
    • McWilliams, J. C.,P. P. Sullivan, and C.-H.Moeng, 1997: Langmuir turbulence in the ocean. J. Fluid Mech., 334, 1-30, doi: 10.1017/S0022112096004375.
    • (1997) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.334 , pp. 1-30
    • McWilliams, J.C.1    Sullivan, P.P.2    Moeng, C.-H.3
  • 37
    • 3843146529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An asymptotic theory for the interaction of waves and currents in coastal waters
    • doi: 10.1017/S0022112004009358.
    • McWilliams, J. C., J. Restrepo, and E. Lane, 2004: An asymptotic theory for the interaction of waves and currents in coastal waters. J. Fluid Mech., 511, 135-178, doi: 10.1017/S0022112004009358.
    • (2004) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.511 , pp. 135-178
    • McWilliams, J.C.1    Restrepo, J.2    Lane, E.3
  • 38
    • 13244291623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the ocean transport through Drake Passage during the 1980s and 1990s, forced by changes in the southern annular mode
    • doi: 10.1029/ 2004GL021169.
    • Meredith, M. P., P. L. Woodworth, C. W. Hughes, and V. Stepanov, 2004: Changes in the ocean transport through Drake Passage during the 1980s and 1990s, forced by changes in the southern annular mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L21305, doi: 10.1029/ 2004GL021169.
    • (2004) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.31
    • Meredith, M.P.1    Woodworth, P.L.2    Hughes, C.W.3    Stepanov, V.4
  • 39
    • 0035982615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global modeling of land water and energy balances. Part I: The land dynamics (LaD) model
    • doi: 10.1175/ 1525-7541(2002)003,0283: GMOLWA.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Milly, P. C. D., and A. B. Shmakin, 2002: Global modeling of land water and energy balances. Part I: The land dynamics (LaD) model. J. Hydrometeor., 3, 283-299, doi: 10.1175/ 1525-7541(2002)003,0283: GMOLWA.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (2002) J. Hydrometeor. , vol.3 , pp. 283-299
    • Milly, P.C.D.1    Shmakin, A.B.2
  • 40
    • 36248958637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Langmuir turbulence and deeply penetrating jets in an unstratified mixed layer
    • doi: 10.1029/2007JC004205.
    • Polton, J. A., and S. E. Belcher, 2007: Langmuir turbulence and deeply penetrating jets in an unstratified mixed layer. J. Geophys. Res., 112, C09020, doi: 10.1029/2007JC004205.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112
    • Polton, J.A.1    Belcher, S.E.2
  • 41
    • 18844421148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of waveinduced Coriolis-Stokes forcing on the wind-driven mixed layer
    • doi: 10.1175/JPO2701.1.
    • Polton, J. A., D. M. Lewis, and S. E. Belcher, 2005: The role of waveinduced Coriolis-Stokes forcing on the wind-driven mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 35, 444-457, doi: 10.1175/JPO2701.1.
    • (2005) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.35 , pp. 444-457
    • Polton, J.A.1    Lewis, D.M.2    Belcher, S.E.3
  • 42
    • 4143088274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wave-induced mixing in the upper ocean: Distribution and application to a global ocean circulation model
    • doi: 10.1029/2004GL019824.
    • Qiao, F., Y. Yuan, Y. Yang, Q. Zheng, C. Xia, and J. Ma, 2004: Wave-induced mixing in the upper ocean: Distribution and application to a global ocean circulation model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L11303, doi: 10.1029/2004GL019824.
    • (2004) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.31
    • Qiao, F.1    Yuan, Y.2    Yang, Y.3    Zheng, Q.4    Xia, C.5    Ma, J.6
  • 43
    • 80052602644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of wind-driven mixing in the Arctic Ocean
    • doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2011.65.
    • Rainville, L., C. M. Lee, and R. A. Woodgate, 2011: Impact of wind-driven mixing in the Arctic Ocean. Oceanography, 24, 136-145, doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2011.65.
    • (2011) Oceanography , vol.24 , pp. 136-145
    • Rainville, L.1    Lee, C.M.2    Woodgate, R.A.3
  • 44
    • 84882905368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global wave parameter database for geophysical applications. Part 2: Model validation with improved source term parameterization
    • doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.12.001.
    • Rascle, N., and F. Ardhuin, 2013: A global wave parameter database for geophysical applications. Part 2: Model validation with improved source term parameterization. Ocean Modell., 70, 174-188, doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.12.001.
    • (2013) Ocean Modell. , vol.70 , pp. 174-188
    • Rascle, N.1    Ardhuin, F.2
  • 45
    • 84878081420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Southern Ocean mixed-layer depths in CMIP5 models: Historical bias and forcing response
    • doi: 10.1002/jgrc.20157.
    • Sallee, J.-B., E. Shuckburgh, N. Bruneau, A. J. S. Meijers, T. J. Bracegirdle, and Z. Wang, 2013: Assessment of Southern Ocean mixed-layer depths in CMIP5 models: Historical bias and forcing response. J. Geophys. Res., 118, 1845-1862, doi: 10.1002/jgrc.20157.
    • (2013) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.118 , pp. 1845-1862
    • Sallee, J.-B.1    Shuckburgh, E.2    Bruneau, N.3    Meijers, A.J.S.4    Bracegirdle, T.J.5    Wang, Z.6
  • 46
    • 0000534323 scopus 로고
    • An ocean large-eddy simulation of Langmuir circulations and convection in the surface mixed layer
    • doi: 10.1029/94JC03202.
    • Skyllingstad, E. D., and D. W. Denbo, 1995: An ocean large-eddy simulation of Langmuir circulations and convection in the surface mixed layer. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8501-8522, doi: 10.1029/94JC03202.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 8501-8522
    • Skyllingstad, E.D.1    Denbo, D.W.2
  • 47
    • 0033795568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resonant wind-driven mixing in the ocean boundary layer
    • doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030,1866: RWDMIT.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Skyllingstad, E. D., W. D. Smyth, and G. B. Crawford, 2000: Resonant wind-driven mixing in the ocean boundary layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 1866-1890, doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030,1866: RWDMIT.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (2000) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.30 , pp. 1866-1890
    • Skyllingstad, E.D.1    Smyth, W.D.2    Crawford, G.B.3
  • 48
    • 0032525776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Langmuir circulation during a storm
    • 688, doi: 10.1029/ 97JC03611.
    • Smith, J. A., 1998: Evolution of Langmuir circulation during a storm. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 12 649-12 688, doi: 10.1029/ 97JC03611.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.12 , pp. 612-649
    • Smith, J.A.1
  • 50
    • 9944231958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlocal fluxes and Stokes drift effects in the K-profile parameterization
    • doi: 10.1007/ s10236-002-0012-9.
    • Smyth, W. D., E.D. Skyllingstad,G.B.Grawford, andH.Wijesekera, 2002: Nonlocal fluxes and Stokes drift effects in the K-profile parameterization. Ocean Dyn., 52, 104-115, doi: 10.1007/ s10236-002-0012-9.
    • (2002) Ocean Dyn. , vol.52 , pp. 104-115
    • Smyth, W.D.1    Skyllingstad, E.D.2    Grawford, G.B.3    Wijesekera, H.4
  • 51
    • 36649038173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface gravity wave effects in the oceanic boundary layer: Large-eddy simulation with vortex force and stochastic breakers
    • doi: 10.1017/S002211200700897X.
    • Sullivan, P. P., J. C. McWilliams, and W. K. Melville, 2007: Surface gravity wave effects in the oceanic boundary layer: Large-eddy simulation with vortex force and stochastic breakers. J. Fluid Mech., 593, 405-452, doi: 10.1017/S002211200700897X.
    • (2007) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.593 , pp. 405-452
    • Sullivan, P.P.1    McWilliams, J.C.2    Melville, W.K.3
  • 52
    • 84871998488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient evolution of Langmuir turbulence in ocean boundary layers driven by hurricane winds and waves
    • doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-12-025.1.
    • Sullivan, P. P., L. Romero, J. C. McWilliams, and W. K. Melville, 2012: Transient evolution of Langmuir turbulence in ocean boundary layers driven by hurricane winds and waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 42, 1959-1980, doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-12-025.1.
    • (2012) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.42 , pp. 1959-1980
    • Sullivan, P.P.1    Romero, L.2    McWilliams, J.C.3    Melville, W.K.4
  • 53
    • 0033876462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annularmodes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability
    • doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013,1000: AMITEC.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Thompson, D.W. J., and J.M.Wallace, 2000: Annularmodes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability. J. Climate, 13, 1000-1016, doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013,1000: AMITEC.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 1000-1016
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 54
    • 0031643293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a new global wave forecast system at NCEP
    • Ocean Wave Measurements and Analysis, B. L. Edge and J. M. Helmsley, Eds., ASCE
    • Tolman, H. L., 1998: Validation of a new global wave forecast system at NCEP. Ocean Wave Measurements and Analysis, B. L. Edge and J. M. Helmsley, Eds., ASCE, 777-786.
    • (1998) , pp. 777-786
    • Tolman, H.L.1
  • 55
    • 84861322344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The form and orientation of Langmuir cells for misaligned winds and waves
    • doi: 10.1029/2011JC007516.
    • VanRoekel, L. P., B. Fox-Kemper, P. P. Sullivan, P. E.Hamlington, and S. R. Haney, 2012: The form and orientation of Langmuir cells for misaligned winds and waves. J. Geophys. Res., 117, C05001, doi: 10.1029/2011JC007516.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.117
    • VanRoekel, L.P.1    Fox-Kemper, B.2    Sullivan, P.P.3    Hamlington, P.E.4    Haney, S.R.5
  • 56
    • 84858206194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Southern Ocean and its climate in CCSM4
    • Coauthors, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00302.1.
    • Weijer, W., and Coauthors, 2012: The Southern Ocean and its climate in CCSM4. J. Climate, 25, 2652-2675, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00302.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 2652-2675
    • Weijer, W.1
  • 57
    • 82555165883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wave spectral moments and Stokes drift estimation
    • doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.08.007.
    • Webb, A., and B. Fox-Kemper, 2011: Wave spectral moments and Stokes drift estimation. Ocean Modell., 40, 273-288, doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.08.007.
    • (2011) Ocean Modell. , vol.40 , pp. 273-288
    • Webb, A.1    Fox-Kemper, B.2
  • 58
    • 0034038501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reformulated three-layer sea ice model
    • doi: 10.1175/ 1520-0426(2000)017,0525: ARTLSI.2.0.CO; 2.
    • Winton, M., 2000: A reformulated three-layer sea ice model. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 17, 525-531, doi: 10.1175/ 1520-0426(2000)017,0525: ARTLSI.2.0.CO; 2.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.17 , pp. 525-531
    • Winton, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.