Global patterns in ecological indicators of marine food webs: A modelling approach

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

  Heymans, Johanna Jacomina ^a   Coll, Marta ^b,c,g   Libralato, Simone ^d   Morissette, Lyne ^e   Christensen, Villy ^f  

^a SCOTTISH MARINE INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUT DE CIÈNCIES DEL MAR   (Spain)

^c Ecopath International Initiative Research Association   (Spain)

^d ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI OCEANOGRAFIA E DI GEOFISICA SPERIMENTALE OGS   (Italy)

^e M Expertise Marine   (Canada)

^f UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^g UNIVERSITÉ MONTPELLIER 2   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING; BIOMASS DISTRIBUTION; CORAL REEF; ECOSYSTEM HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS; FISHERY; FISHING; FOOD WEB; LATITUDE; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; POPULATION ABUNDANCE; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; REDUNDANCY; RELATIVE ASCENDENCY; RELATIVE OVERHEAD; SEA; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TOTAL BIOMASS; TOTAL CONSUMPTION; TOTAL EXPORT; TOTAL SYSTEMS THROUGHPUT; ALGORITHM; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISPERSAL; AQUATIC SPECIES; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FOOD CHAIN; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; PHYSIOLOGY;

ALGORITHMS; ANIMAL DISTRIBUTION; ANIMALS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; FISHERIES; FOOD CHAIN; HUMANS;

EID: 84899756543     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095845     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. McCann K (2007) Protecting biostructure. Nature 446: 29.
2. Jackson JBC, Kirby MX, Berger WH, Bjorndal KA, Botsford LW, et al. (2001) Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems. Science 293: 629-638.
3. Hilborn R, Walters CJ (1992) Quantitative Fisheries Stock Assessment: Choice, Dynamics and Uncertainty. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 570 p.
4. Christensen V, Guénette S, Heymans JJ, Walters C, Watson R, et al. (2003) Hundred-year decline of North Atlantic predatory fishes. Fish and Fisheries 4: 1-24. (Pubitemid 36810608)
5. Pikitch EK, Santora C, Babcock EA, Bakun A, Bonfil R, et al. (2004) Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management. Science 305: 346-347.
6. Christensen V, Walters CJ (2004) Trade-offs in Ecosystem-scale Optimization of Fisheries Management Policies. Bulletin of Marine Science 74: 549-562. (Pubitemid 39081696)
7. Heymans JJ, Sumaila UR, Christensen V (2009) Policy options for the northern Benguela ecosystem using a multispecies, multifleet ecosystem model. Progress in Oceanography 83: 417-425.
8. Link J (2010) Ecosystem based fisheries management: Confronting Tradeofs. New York: Cambridge University Press.
9. Christensen V, Walters CJ (2005) Using ecosystem modeling for fisheries management: Where are we? ICES CM 2005: 1-17.
10. Heithaus MR, Frid A, Wirsing AJ, Worm B (2008) Predicting ecological consequences of marine top predator declines. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23: 202-210.
11. Ulanowicz RE, Wulff F (1991) Comparing Ecosystem Structures: The Chesapeake Bay and the Baltic Sea. In: Cole J, Lovett G, Findlay S, editors. Comparative Analyses of Ecosystems: Patterns, Mechanisms, and Theories. 1 ed. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 140-166.
12. Dunne JA (2006) The network structure of foodwebs. In: Pascual M, Dunne JA, editors. Ecological networks: linking structure to dynamics in food webs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 27-86.
13. Perry RI, Cury P, Brander K, Jennings S, Möllmann C, et al. (2010) Sensitivity of marine systems to climate and fishing: Concepts, issues and management responses. Contributions from Advances in Marine Ecosystem Modelling Research II 23-26 June 2008, Plymouth, UK 79: 427-435.
14. Walters CJ, Martell SJD (2004) Fisheries ecology and management. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 399 p.
15. Allesina S, Pascual M (2008) Network structure, predator-prey modules, and stability in large food webs. Theoretical Ecology 1: 55-64. (Pubitemid 351356430)
16. Belgrano A, Scharler UM, Dunne J, Ulanowicz RE (2005) Aquatic food webs: an ecosystem approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
17. Pinnegar JK, Blanchard JL, Mackinson S, Scott RD, Duplisea DE (2005) Aggregation and removal of weak-links in food-web models: system stability and recovery from disturbance. Ecological Modelling 184: 229-248. (Pubitemid 40473704)
18. De Boer RJ (2012) Which of Our Modeling Predictions Are Robust? PLoS Comput Biol 8: e1002593.
19. Shin YJ, Bundy A, Shannon LJ, Blanchard JL, Chuenpagdee R, et al. (2012) Global in scope and regionally rich: an IndiSeas workshop helps shape the future of marine ecosystem indicators. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries DOI 10.1007/s11160-012-9252-z: 1-11.
20. Cury PM, Shannon LJ, Roux J-P, Daskalov GM, Jarre A, et al. (2005) Trophodynamic indicators for an ecosystem approach to fisheries. ICES Journal of Marine Science 62: 430-442.
21. Farnsworth KD, Lyashevska O, Fung T (2012) Functional complexity: The source of value in biodiversity. Ecological Complexity 11: 46-52.
22. Christensen V, Pauly D (1993) Trophic models of aquatic ecosystems. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 26. Manila, Philippines: International Center for Living Resources Management. 1-390 p.
23. Pauly D, Christensen V, Walters C (2000) Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace as tools for evaluating ecosystem impacts of fisheries. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57: 697-706.
24. Christensen V, Walters CJ (2004) Ecopath with Ecosim: methods, capabilities and limitations. Ecological Modelling 172: 109-139. (Pubitemid 38231622)
25. Polovina JJ (1984) Model of a coral reef ecosystem I. The ECOPATH model and its application to French Frigate Shoals. Coral Reefs 3: 1-11.
26. Christensen V, Pauly D (1992) ECOPATH II - a software for balancing steady-state ecosystem models and calculating network characteristics. Ecological Modelling 61: 169-185. (Pubitemid 23400180)
27. Walters C, Pauly D, Christensen V, Kitchell JF (2000) Representing Density Dependent Consequences of Life History Strategies in Aquatic Ecosystems: EcoSim II. Ecosystems 3: 70-83. (Pubitemid 30132295)
28. Christensen V, Walters C, Pauly D (2005) Ecopath with Ecosim: A User's guide. Vancouver, BC: Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia. 154pp. p.
29. Walters C, Christensen V, Pauly D (1997) Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 7: 139-172.
30. Cohen JE, Luczak T, Newman CM, Zhou Z-M (1990) Stochastic structure and nonlinear dynamics of food webs: qualitative stability in a Lotka-Volterra Cascade Model. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 240: 607-627. (Pubitemid 20206542)
31. Williams RJ, Martinez ND (2000) Simple rules yield complex food webs. Nature 404: 180-183. (Pubitemid 30154484)
32. Coll M, Lotze HK, Romanuk TN (2008) Structural degradation in Mediterranean Sea food webs: Testing ecological hypotheses using stochastic and mass-balance modelling. Ecosystems 11: 939-960.
33. Lindeman RL (1942) The trophic-dynamic aspect of ecology. Ecology 23: 399-418.
34. Odum EP (1969) The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 164: 262-270.
35. Ulanowicz RE (1980) An hypothesis on the development of natural communities. Journal of theoretical Biology 85: 223-245.
36. Ulanowicz RE (1983) Identifying the structure of cycling in ecosystems. Mathematical BioScience 65: 219-237.
37. Moreno T, Castro JJ (1998) Trophic structure of the Maspalomas lagoon (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands), a regenerated ecosystem of brackish water. Boletin do Museu Municipal do Funchal (História Natural) Sup. no.5: 245-261.
38. Mackinson S, Daskalov G (2007) An ecosystem model of the North Sea for use in research supporting the ecosystem approach to fisheries management: description and parameterisation. Lowestoft: CEFAS. Cefas Science Series Technical Report 142 Cefas Science Series Technical Report 142. 200pp. p.
39. Libralato S, Pastres R, Pranovi F, Raicevich S, Granzotto A, et al. (2002) Comparison between the energy flow networks of two habitats in the Venice Lagoon. Marine Ecology 23: 228-236.
40. Stobberup KA, Ramos VDM, Coelho ML (2004) Ecopath model of the Cape Verde coastal ecosystem. In: Palomares ML, Pauly D, editors. West African marine ecosystems: models and fisheries impacts: Fisheries Center Research Reports 12(7). Vancouver, BC: UBC Fisheries Centre. pp. 39-56.
41. Heymans JJ, Howell KL, Ayers M, Burrows MT, Gordon JDM, et al. (2011) Do we have enough information to apply the ecosystem approach to management of deep-sea fisheries? An example from the West of Scotland. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68: 265-280.
42. Pinnegar JK, Polunin NVC (2004) Predicting indirect effects of fishing in Mediterranean rocky littoral communities using a dynamic simulation model. Ecological Modelling 172: 249-267. (Pubitemid 38231629)
43. Dunne JA, Williams RJ, Martinez ND (2002) Food-web structure and network theory: The role of connectance and size. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99: 12917-12922.
44. Finn JT (1976) Measures of ecosystem structure and function derived from analysis of flows. Journal of theoretical Biology 56: 363-380.
45. Ulanowicz RE (1986) Growth and Development: Ecosystems Phenomenology. Lincoln, NE: toExcel Press. 203 p.
46. Ulanowicz RE (2000) Toward the Measurement of Ecological Integrity. In: Pimentel D, Westra L, Noss RF, editors. Ecological integrity: integrating environment, conservation, and health.WashingtonDC: Island Press. pp. 99-113.
47. Heymans JJ, Guénette S, Christensen V (2007) Evaluating network analysis indicators of ecosystem status in the Gulf of Alaska. Ecosystems 10: 488-502. (Pubitemid 47295416)
48. Ulanowicz RE (2004) Quantitative methods for ecological network analysis. Computational Biology and Chemistry 28: 321-339.
49. Libralato S (2008) System Omnivory Index. In: Jørgensen SE, Fath BD, editors. Ecological Indicators Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 3472-3477.
50. Pauly D, Christensen V, Dalsgaard J, Froese R, Torres FJ (1998) Fishing down marine food webs. Science 279: 860-863. (Pubitemid 28106279)
51. Libralato S, Coll M, Tudela S, Palomera I, Pranovi F (2008) Novel index for quantification of ecosystem effects of fishing as removal of secondary production. Marine Ecology Progress Series 355: 107-129. (Pubitemid 351449057)
52. Libralato S, Christensen V, Pauly D (2006) A method for identifying keystone species in food web models. Ecological Modelling 195: 153-171.
53. Coll M, Libralato S, Tudela S, Palomera I, Pranovi F (2008) Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean. PLoS ONE 3: e3881.
54. Mora C, Myers RA, Coll M, Libralato S, Pitcher TJ, et al. (2009) Management Effectiveness of the World's Marine Fisheries. PLoS Biol 7: e1000131.
55. Murawski SA (2000) Definitions of overfishing from an ecosystem perspective. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57: 649-658.
56. Heymans JJ, Coll M, Libralato S, Christensen V (2012) 9.06 Ecopath theory, modelling and application to coastal ecosystems. In: Wolanski E, McLusky DS, editors. Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science: Elsevier. pp. 93-113.
57. Coll M, Libralato S (2012) Contributions of food web modelling to the ecosystem approach to marine resource management in the Mediterranean Sea. Fish and Fisheries 13: 60-88.
58. Anderson MA, Gorley RN, Clarke KR (2008) PERMANOVA+ for PRIMER: Guide to software and statistical methods. Plymouth, UK: PRIMER-E.
59. Power ME, Tilman D, Estes JA, Menge BA, Bond WJ, et al. (1996) Challenges in the Quest for Keystones. BioScience 46: 609-620.
60. Piraino S, Fanelli G, Boero F (2002) Variability of species' roles in marine communities: change of paradigms for conservation priorities. Marine Biology 140: 1067-1074. (Pubitemid 36072715)
61. Ulanowicz RE, Puccia CJ (1990) Mixed trophic impacts in ecosystems. Coenoses 5(1): 7-16.
62. Greenacre MJ (1984) Theory and applications of corespondence analysis. London: Academic Press.
63. Kakarenkov V, Legendre P (2002) Nonlinean redundancy analysis and cononical correspondence analysis based on polynomial regression. Ecology 83: 1146-1161.
64. Fellenberg K, Hauser NC, Brors B, Neutzner A, Hoheisel JD, et al. (2001) Correspondence analysis applied to microarray data. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98: 10781-10786. (Pubitemid 32878697)
65. Lotze HK, Lenihan HS, Bourque BJ, Bradbury RH, Cooke RG, et al. (2006) Depletion, Degradation, and Recovery Potential of Estuaries and Coastal Seas. Science 312: 1806-1809. (Pubitemid 43962900)
66. Costello MJ, Coll M, Danovaro R, Halpin P, Ojaveer H, et al. (2010) A Census of Marine Biodiversity Knowledge, Resources, and Future Challenges. PLoS ONE 5: e12110.
67. Plagányi ÉE, Butterworth DS (2004) A critical look at the potential of Ecopath with Ecosim to assist in practical fisheries management. African Journal of Marine Science 26: 261-287. (Pubitemid 39558531)
68. Plagányi ÉE (2007) Models for an ecosystem approach to fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 477. Rome: FAO. 477 477. 108 p.
69. Dame JK, Christian RR (2007) A statistical test of network analysis: Can it detect differences in food web properties? Ecosystems 10: 906-923.
70. Fulton EA, Smith ADM, Punt AE (2005) Which ecological indicators can robustly detect effects of fishing? ICES J Mar Sci 62: 540-551.
71. Lassen H, Pedersen SA, Frost H, Hoff A (2013) Fishery management advice with ecosystem considerations. ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 70: 471-479.
72. EC (2008) Directive 2008/56/EC, of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive). 22.p.
73. Shin YJ, Bundy A, Shannon LJ, Simier M, Coll M, et al. (2010) Can simple be useful and reliable? Using ecological indicators to represent and compare the states of marine ecosystems. ICES J Mar Sci 67: 717-731.
74. Samhouri JF, Levin PS, Ainsworth CH (2010) Identifying Thresholds for Ecosystem-Based Management. PLoS ONE 5: e8907.
75. Levin PS, Fogarty MJ, Murawski SA, Fluharty D (2009) Integrated Ecosystem Assessments: Developing the Scientific Basis for Ecosystem-Based Management of the Ocean. PLoS Biol 7: e1000014.
76. Gribble NA (2003) GBR-prawn: modelling ecosystem impacts of changes in fisheries management of the commercial prawn (shrimp) trawl fishery in the far northern Great Barrier Reef. Fisheries Research 65: 493-506.
77. Bozec Y-M, Gascuel D, Kulbicki M (2004) Trophic model of lagoonal communities in a large open atoll (Uvea, Loyalty islands, New Caledonia). Aquatic Living Resources 17: 151-162. (Pubitemid 38889404)
78. Venier JM, Pauly D (1997) Trophic dynamics of a Florida Keys coral reef ecosystem. 8th International Coral Reef Symposium. Panama City: Smithsonian Tropica Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. pp. 915-920.
79. Opitz S (1993) A quantitative model of the trophic interactions in a Caribbean coral reef ecosystem. In: Christensen V, Pauly D, editors. Trophic models of aquatic ecosystems ICLARM Conference Proceedings 26. 1 ed. Manila, Philippines: International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management. pp. 259-267.
80. Buzzelli C (2012) 9.13 Ecosystem modelling in small subtropical estuaries and embayments. In: Wolanski E, McLusky DS, editors. Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science: Elsevier.pp. 331-353.
81. Baird D, Ulanowicz RE (1993) Comparative study on the trophic structure, cycling and ecosystem properties of four tidal estuaries. Marine Ecology Progress Series 99: 221-237. (Pubitemid 24415376)
82. Baird D, McGlade JM, Ulanowicz RE (1991) The comparative ecology of six marine ecosystems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 333: 15-29. (Pubitemid 23397238)
83. Jarre-Teichmann A, Christensen V (1998) Comparative modelling of trophic flows in four large upwelling ecosystems: global vs. local effects. In: Cury P, Mendelssohn R, Roy C, Bakun A, Durand MH, et al., editors. Global vs local changes in upwelling ecosystems Proceedings of the first CEOS symposium, 5-9 September 1994 Monterey, CA.
84. Jarre-Teichmann A, Shannon LJ, Moloney CL, Wickens PA (1998) Comparing trophic flows in the southern Benguela to those in other upwelling ecosystems. South African Journal of marine Science 19: 391-414. (Pubitemid 29207754)
85. Heymans JJ, Baird D (2000) A carbon flow model and network analysis of the northern Benguela upwelling system, Namibia. Ecological Modelling 126: 9-32. (Pubitemid 30086501)
86. Vasconcellos M, Mackinson S, Sloman K, Pauly D (1997) The stability of trophic mass-balance models of marine ecosystems: a comparative analysis. Ecological Modelling 100: 125-134. (Pubitemid 28091083)
87. Heymans JJ, Baird D (2000) Network analysis of the northern Benguela ecosystem by means of NETWRK and ECOPATH. Ecological Modelling 131: 97-119. (Pubitemid 30610739)
88. Helmke P, Neuer S, Lomas MW, Conte M, Freudenthal T (2010) Cross-basin differences in particulate organic carbon export and flux attenuation in the subtropical North Atlantic gyre. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 57: 213-227.
89. Carr M-E, Kearns EJ (2003) Production regimes in four Eastern Boundary Current systems. Deep-Sea Research II 50: 3199-3221. (Pubitemid 37537794)
90. Tomczak MT, Müller-Karulis B, Järv L, Kotta J, Martin G, et al. (2009) Analysis of trophic networks and carbon flows in south-eastern Baltic coastal ecosystems. Progress in Oceanography 81: 111-131.
91. Lotze HK, Coll M, Dunne JA (2011) Historical Changes in Marine Resources, Food-web Structure and Ecosystem Functioning in the Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean. Ecosystems 14: 198-222.
92. Tomczak MT, Heymans JJ, Yletyinen J, Niiranen S, Otto SA, et al. (2013) Ecological Network Indicators of Ecosystem Status and Change in the Baltic Sea. PLoS ONE 8: e75439.
93. Worm B, Hilborn R, Baum JK, Branch TA, Collie JS, et al. (2009) Rebuilding Global Fisheries. Science 325: 578-585.
94. Shannon LJ, Christensen V, Walters CJ (2004) Modelling stock dynamics in the southern Benguela ecosystem for the period 1978-2002. African Journal of Marine Science 26: 179-196. (Pubitemid 39558530)
95. Heymans JJ, Shannon LJ, Jarre A (2004) Changes in the northern Benguela ecosystem over three decades: 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. Ecological Modelling 172: 175-195. (Pubitemid 38231625)
96. Heymans JJ, Guénette S, Christensen V, Trites A (2005) Changes in the Gulf of Alaska ecosystems due to ocean climate change and fishing. ICES CM 2005: 1-31.
97. Heymans JJ (2004) The effects of internal and external control on the northern Benguela ecosystem. In: Sumaila UR, Steinshamn SI, Skog M, Boyer DC, editors. Ecological, economic and social aspects of Namibian fisheries. Netherlands: Eburon. pp. 29-52.
98. Paine RT (1969) A note on trophic complexity and community stability. American Naturalist 103: 91-93.
99. Butchart SHM, Walpole M, Collen B, van Strien A, Scharlemann JPW, et al. (2010) Global Biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines. Science Express 29 April 2010: 1-9.
100. UN (1987) Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. Ramsar (Iran), 2 February 1971. UN Treaty Series No. 14583. As amended by the Paris Protocol, 3 December 1982, and Regina Amendments, 28 May 1987.
101. Costanza R, d'Arge R, de Groot R, Farber S, Grasso M, et al. (1997) The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387: 253-260.
102. Pranovi F, Libralato S, Raicevich S, Granzotto A, Pastres R, et al. (2003) Mechanical clam dredging in Venice lagoon: ecosystem effects evaluated with a trophic mass-balance model. Marine Biology 143: 393-403. (Pubitemid 37110684)
103. Essington TE (2007) Evaluating the sensitivity of a trophic mass-balance model (Ecopath) to imprecise data inputs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 64: 628-637.