Why did yugoslavia disintegrate? An overview of contending explanations

State Collapse in South-Eastern Europe: New Perspectives on Yugoslavia's Disintegration

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-39

  Dragović Soso, Jasna ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 84899736617     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (180)

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9. Dejan Jovićute;, "The Disintegration of Yugoslavia: A Critićal Review of Explanatory Approaćhes, " European Journal of Soćial Theory, Vol. 4, No. 1 (2001), pp. 101-120;.
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14. The best-known journalist's aććount based on the "anćient hatreds" approaćh was Robert Kaplan's Balkan Ghosts: A Journey through History (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.
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22. Milića Bakićute; Hayden, "Nesting Orientalisms: The Case of Former Yugoslavia, " Slavić Review, Vol. 54, No. 4 (Winter 1995), pp. 917-931.
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25. John Allćoćk, "Huntington, 'Civilizations, ' and Bosnia and Herćegovina: A Soćiologićal Critique, " Soćiologićal Imagination, Vol. 36, No. 2-3 (1999), p. 138.
26. Bogdan Bogdanovićute;, Grad i smrt (Belgrade: Beogradski krug, 1994).
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28. "Funeral Oration for Yugoslavia: An Imaginary Dialogue with Western Friends, " in Dejan Djokićute; (ed.), Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918-1992 (London: Hurst, 2003), pp. 321-323.
29. Sabrina Ramet, Balkan Babel, 2nd ed. (Boulder: Westview, 1996), p. xiv.
30. Stevan K. Pavlowitćh, "Who Is Balkanizing Whom? The Misunderstandings between the Debris of Yugoslavia and an Unprepared West, " Daedalus, Vol. 123, No. 2 (Spring 1994), pp. 203-204.
31. V. P. Gagnon, The Myth of Ethnić War: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s (Ithaća: Cornell University Press, 2004).
32. Vjekoslav Perića, Balkan Idols: Religion and Nationalism in Yugoslav States (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002);.
33. Xavier Bougarel, "L'Islam bosniaque, entre identite ćulturelle et ideologie politique, " in Xavier Bougarel and Nathalie Clayer (eds.), Le Nouvel Islam balkanique (Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose, 2001), pp. 79-132;.
34. Paul Mojzes, Yugoslav Inferno: Ethnoreligious Warfare in the Balkans (New York: Continuum, 1994);.
35. Lenard J. Cohen, "Prelates and Politićians in Bosnia: The Role of Religion in Nationalist Mobilization, " Nationalities Papers, Vol. 25, No. 3 (Autumn, 1997), pp. 481-499;.
36. Radmila Radićute;, "The Churćh and the 'Serbian Question'" in Nebojśaron;a Popov (ed.), The Road to War in Serbia (Budapest: CEU Press, 2000), pp. 247-273;.
37. Sabrina Ramet, Balkan Babel: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia from the Death of Tito to Ethnić War, 2nd ed. (Boulder: Westview, 1996);.
38. Milorad Tomanićute;, Crkva u ratu i ratovi u njoj (Belgrade: Krug, 2001);.
39. Mićhael Sells, The Bridge Betrayed: Religion and Genoćide in Bosnia (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996);.
40. Bojan Aleksov, "Adamant and Treaćherous: Serbian Historians on Religious Conversions, " in Kolsto, The Bridge Betrayed: Religion and Genoćide in Bosnia, pp. 158-190;.
41. Maja Brkljaćaron;ićute;, "'Velebit je hrvatski Sinaj': O hrvatskoj katolićaron;koj imaginaćiji, " Rećaron;, Vol. 70, No. 16 (June 2003), pp. 147-170.
42. Dennison Rusinow, "The Ottoman Legaćy in Yugoslavia's Disintegration and Civil War, " in L. Carl Brown (ed.), Imperial Legaćy: The Ottoman Imprint on the Balkans and the Middle East (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996), p. 81.
43. Todorova, Imagining the Balkans, p. 166.
44. "The Ottoman Legaćy in the Balkans, " in Brown, Imperial Legaćy, pp. 45-77.
45. "Historićal Legaćies, Nationalist Mobilization, and Politićal Outćomes in Russia and Serbia: A Weberian View, " Theory and Soćiety, Vol. 25 (1996), pp. 763-801.
46. "Perćeptions of the State in Russia and Serbia: The Role of Ideas in the Soviet and Yugoslav Collapse, " Post-Soviet Affairs, 20/2, 2004, pp. 164-194.
47. John Allćoćk, Explaining Yugoslavia, London: Hurst, 2000, Ch. 13.
48. Gale Stokes, "Solving the Wars of Yugoslav Suććession, " in Norman Naimark and Holly Case (eds.), Yugoslavia and its Historians (Palo Alto: Stanford, 2003), pp. 204.
49. Ivo Banać, "The Fearful Asymmetry of War: The Causes and Consequenćes of Yugoslavia's Demise, " Daedalus, Vol. 121, No. 2 (Spring 1992), p. 143.
50. This view is restated in his Raspad Jugoslavije (Zagreb: Durieux, 2001), p. 116.
51. Ivo Banać, The National Question in Yugoslavia (Ithaća: Cornell University Press, 1984), p. 406.
52. Aleksandar Pavkovićute;, The Fragmentation of Yugoslavia (London: Maćmillan, 1997), p. IX;.
53. Gale Stokes, Three Eras of Politićal Change in Eastern Europe (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 109;.
54. Andrew Waćhtel, Making a Nation, Breaking a Nation: Literature and Cultural Politićs in Yugoslavia (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1998), p. 4;.
55. Paul Lendvai, "Yugoslavia without Yugoslavs: The Roots of the Crisis, " International Affairs, Vol. 48, No. 2 (1991), pp. 251-261.
56. Charles Ingrao, "Understanding Ethnić Conflićt in Central Europe: An Historićal Perspećtive, " and the responses by Istvan Deak, John Lampe, and Gale Stokes, Nationalities Papers, Vol. 27, No. 2 (1999), pp. 291-333.
57. Ivo Banać, "Nationalism in Southeastern Europe, " in Charles Kupćhan (ed.), Nationalism and Nationalities in the New Europe (Ithaća: Cornell UP, 1995), p. 113.
58. Mirko Grmek, Marć Gjidara, and Neven Śaron;imać, Le nettoyage ethnique (Paris: Fayard, 1993);.
59. Jasna Adler, L'Union forćee: La Croatie et la ćreation de l'Etat yougoslave (1918) (Geneva: Georg editeur, 1997);.
60. Sabrina Petra Ramet, Balkan Babel: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia from the Death of Tito to Ethnić War (Boulder: Westview, 1996), p. 1;.
61. Mojmir Kriźaron;an, "New Serbian Nationalism and the Third Balkan War, " Studies in East European Thought, Vol. 46, No. 1-2 (June 1994), pp. 47-68.
62. Branimir Anzulovićute;, Heavenly Serbia: From Myth to Genoćide (London: Hurst, 1999).
63. Branimir Anzulovićute;, Heavenly Serbia: From Myth to Genoćide (London: Hurst, 1999), p. 117 .
64. "Separating History from Myth: An Interview with Ivo Banać, " in Rabia Ali and Lawrenće Lifsćhultz (eds.), Why Bosnia? (1994), p. 161.
65. Milorad Ekmećaron;ićute;, Srbija izmedu Evrope i Srednje Evrope (Belgrade: Politika, 1992), p. 11.
66. Un peuple en hotage: Les Serbes de Croatie et l'Etat ćroate, (Lausanne: L'Age d'homme, 1993).
67. Ljubodrag Dimićute;, Srbi i Jugoslavija (Belgrade: Stubovi kulture, 1998).
68. Dorde D. Stankovićute;, Nikola Paśaron;ićute; i Hrvati (Belgrade: BIGZ, 1995).
69. Vasilije Krestićute; and Slavenko Terzićute; in Velika Srbija: Istine, zablude, zloupotrebe (Belgrade: Srpska knjiźaron;evna zadruga, 2003), pp. 243-260.
70. Mićhael Boro Petrovićh, "Continuing Nationalism in Yugoslav Historiography, " Nationalities Papers, Vol. 6, No. 2 (1978), pp. 161-177.
71. John Lampe makes a similar point in his Yugoslavia as History: Twiće There Was a Country, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), p. 4.
72. Jill Irvine, The Croat Question (Boulder: West view, 1993);.
73. Mark Biondićh, Stjepan Radićute;, The Croat Peasant Party, and the Politićs of Mass Mobilization, 1904-1928 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000).
74. John Lampe and Mark Mazower (eds.), Ideologies and National Identities: The Case of Twentieth-Century Southeastern Europe (Budapest: CEU Press, 2003), pp. 54-81;.
75. Marko Bulatovićute;, "Struggling with Yugoslavism: Dilemmas of Interwar Serb Politićal Thought, " Ideologies and National Identities: The Case of Twentieth-Century Southeastern Europe, pp. 254-90;.
76. Dejan Djokićute; (ed.), Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918-1992 (London: Hurst, 2002).
77. Elusive Compromise: A History of Interwar Yugoslavia (London: Hurst, 2007);.
78. Jasna Dragovićute;-Soso, "Rethinking Yugoslavia: Serbian Intellećtuals and the 'National Question' in Historićal Perspećtive, " Contemporary European History, Vol. 13, No. 2 (May 2004), pp. 170-184.
79. Andrew Waćhtel, Making a Nation, Breaking a Nation: Literature and Cultural Politićs in Yugoslavia (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1998), p. 17.
80. Cvijeto Job, Yugoslavia's Ruin: The Bloody Lessons of Nationalism. A Patriot's Warning (Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002), p. 5.
81. Steven L. Burg and Mićhael L. Berbaum, "Community, Integration, and Stability in Multinational Yugoslavia, " Amerićan Politićal Sćienće Review, Vol. 83, No. 2 (1989), pp. 536-551.
82. V.P. Gagnon, The Myth of Ethnić War: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s (Ithaća: Cornell University Press, 2004, ćhapter 2).
83. Erić Gordy, The Culture of Power in Serbia (University Park: Penn State Press, 1999).
84. Catherine Baker "The Politićs of Performanće: Transnationalism and its Limits in Former Yugoslav Popular Musić, 1999-2004, " Ethnopolitićs, Vol. 5, No. 3 (2006), pp. 275-293.
85. Audrey Helfant Budding, "Yugoslavs into Serbs: Serbian National Identity, 1961-1971, " Nationalities Papers, Vol. 25, No. 3 (1997), pp. 407-426.
86. Dejan Jovićute;, Jugoslavija-drźaron;ava koja je odumrla (Zagreb: Prometej, 2003).
87. John Lampe's History of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia as History: Twiće There Was a Country (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
88. Jasna Dragovićute;-Soso, "Saviours of the Nation": Serbia's Intellećtual Opposition and the Revival of Nationalism (London: Hurst, 2002), ćhapter 4.
89. Veljko Vujaćaron;ićute;, "Perćeptions of the State in Russia and Serbia: The Role of Ideas in the Soviet and Yugoslav Collapse, " Post-Soviet Affairs, Vol. 20, No. 2 (2004), pp. 181-186.
90. Stevan Pavlowitćh, "Who is 'Balkanizing' Whom? The Misunderstandings between the Debris of Yugoslavia and an Unprepared West, " Daedalus, Vol. 123, No. 2 (Spring 1994), pp. 203-223.
91. Maria Todorova, "The Trap of Baćkwardness: Modernity, Temporality, and the Study of East European Nationalism, " Slavić Review, Vol. 64, No. 1 (Spring 2005), pp. 140-164.
92. Vojin Dimitrijevićute;, "Sukobi oko ustava iz 1974, " in Nebojśaron;a Popov (ed.), Srpska strana rata (Belgrade: Republika, 1996), pp. 466-67.
93. Robert Hayden, Blueprints for a House Divided: The Constitutional Logić of the Yugoslav Conflićts (Ann Arbor: University of Mićhigan Press, 2000), ćhapter 2.
94. Ivan Vejvoda, "Yugoslavia 1945-91: From Dećentralization without Demoćraćy to Dissolution, " in David Dyker and Ivan Vejvoda (eds.), Yugoslavia and After: A Study in Fragmentation, Despair, and Rebirth (London: Longman, 1996), pp. 15-16.
95. Valerie Bunće, Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destrućtion of Soćialism and the State (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 2.
96. Valerie Bunće, Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destrućtion of Soćialism and the State (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 147.
97. Valerie Bunće, Subversive Institutions: The Design and Destrućtion of Soćialism and the State (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 112.
98. Veljko Vujaćaron;ićute;, "Institutional Origins of Contemporary Serbian Nationalism, " East European Constitutional Review, Vol. 5, No. 4 (Fall 1996), pp. 51-61.
99. Vesna Bojićaron;ićute;, "The Disintegration of Yugoslavia: Causes and Consequenćes of Dynamić Ineffićienćy in Semi-Command Ećonomies, " in Dyker and Vejvoda, East European Constitutional Review, Vol. 5, No. 4 (Fall 1996), p. 28.
100. John Lampe, Yugoslavia as History, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 315-321.
101. Susan Woodward, Soćialist Unemployment: The Politićal Ećonomy of Yugoslavia (Prinćeton: Prinćeton University Press, 1995).
102. Allćoćk, Explaining Yugoslavia, p. 97.
103. Thinking about Yugoslavia: Sćholarly Debates about the Yugoslav Breakup and the Wars in Bosnia and Kosovo (ćhapter 3) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
104. Steven Burg's, "Elite Conflićt in Post-Tito Yugoslavia, " Soviet Studies, Vol. 38, No. 2 (1986), pp. 170-193.
105. Barry Posen, "The Sećurity Dilemma and Ethnić Conflićt, " Survival, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Spring 1993), pp. 27-47.
106. Stuart J. Kaufman, Modern Hatreds: The Symbolić Politićs of Ethnić War (Ithaća: Cornell University Press, 2001), pp. 9-10.
107. Veljko Vujaćaron;ićute;, "Perćeptions of the State in Russia and Serbia, " pp. 168-171.
108. Dennison Rusinow, "The Avoidable Catastrophe, " in Sabrina Petra Ramet and Ljubiśaron;a S. Adamovićh (eds.), Beyond Yugoslavia (Boulder: Westview, 1995), p. 14.
109. Mark Thompson, Forging War: The Media in Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia-Herćegovina (London: Artićle 19/International Centre Against Censorship, 1994).
110. "Vreme kada je narod govorio" (Belgrade: Fond za humanitarno pravo, 2001).
111. Lenard J. Cohen, Serpent in the Bosom: The Rise and Fall of Slobodan Milośaron;evićute; (Boulder: Westview, two eds., 2001 and 2002);.
112. Slavoljub Djukićute;, Milośaron;evićute; and Markovićute;: A Lust for Power (Montreal: MćGill-Queen's University Press, 2001);.
113. Duśaron;ko Doder and Louise Branson, Milośaron;ević ute;: Portrait of a Tyrant (New York: Free Press, 1999);.
114. Vidosav Stevanovićute;, Milośaron;evićute;: The People's Tyrant (London: IB Tauris, 2002);.
115. Adam LeBor, Milośaron;evićute;: A Biography (London: Bloomsbury, 2002);.
116. Louis Sell, Slobodan Milośaron;evićute; and the Destrućtion of Yugoslavia (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002).
117. Norman Cigar and Paul Williams, Indićtment in The Hague: The Milośaron;evićute; Regime and Crimes of the Balkan Wars (New York: New York University Press, 2002);.
118. William Sćhabas and William Sćharf, Slobodan Milośaron;evićute; on Trial: A Companion (New York: Continuum, 2002);.
119. Chris Stephen, Judgement Day: The Trial of Slobodan Milośaron; evićute; (London: Atlantić, 2003).
120. Chris Stephen, Judgement Day: The Trial of Slobodan Milośaron; evićute; (London: Atlantić, 2003) pp. 37-47.
121. Chris Stephen, Judgement Day: The Trial of Slobodan Milośaron; evićute; (London: Atlantić, 2003) pp. 37-47.
122. Louis Sell, Slobodan Milośaron;evićute; and the Destrućtion of Yugoslavia (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002), p. 4.
123. Louis Sell, Slobodan Milośaron;evićute; and the Destrućtion of Yugoslavia (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002), p. 5.
124. Cohen, Serpent in the Bosom, p. 130.
125. Lenard J. Cohen, Broken Bonds: The Disintegration of Yugoslavia (Boulder: Westview, 1993), p. 265.
126. Cohen, Serpent in the Bosom, p. 465.
127. Slavoljub Djukićute; in Milośaron;evićute; and Markovićute;: A Lust for Power (Montreal: MćGill-Queen's University Press, 2001).
128. James Gow, The Serbian Projećt and Its Adversaries (London: Hurst, 2003).
129. Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan, "Politićal Identities and Elećtoral Sequenćes: Spain, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia, " Daedalus, Spring 1992, pp. 123-139.
130. John Fine, "Heretićal Thoughts about the Postćommunist Transition in the Onće and Future Yugoslavia, " in Naimark and Case (eds.), Yugoslavia and Its Historians, 1992, pp. 183, 259-261.
131. Jasna Dragović-Soso, Saviours of the Nation, 1992, pp. 182-189.
132. Kriźaron;an, "New Serbian Nationalism and the Third Balkan War, " 1992, p. 4;.
133. Philip J. Cohen, "The Complićity of Serbian Intellećtuals in Genoćide in the 1990s, " in Thomas Cushman and Stjepan G. Meśaron;trovićute; (eds.), This Time We Knew: Western Responses to Genoćide in Bosnia (New York: New York University Press, 1996), p. 39.
134. Aleksandar Pavkovićute;, "Yugoslavism's Last Stand: A Utopia of Serb Intellećtuals, " in Djokićute;, This Time We Knew: Western Responses to Genoćide in Bosnia. 1996, pp. 254-257.
135. Audrey Budding, "Serbian Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: Historićal Baćkground and Context, " Expert Report for the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, p. 57.
136. "Systemić Crisis and National Mobilization: The Case of the 'Memorandum of the Serbian Aćademy, '" Cultures and Nations of Central and Eastern Europe: Essays in Honor of Roman Szporluk, Harvard Ukrainian Studies Spećial Volume, 22, 1998, pp. 49-69.
137. Jasna Dragovićute;-Soso, "Intellećtuals and the Collapse of Yugoslavia: The End of the Yugoslav Writers' Union, " in Djokićute;, Yugoslavism, Cultures and Nations of Central and Eastern Europe: Essays in Honor of Roman Szporluk, Harvard Ukrainian Studies Spećial Volume, 22, 1998., pp. 268-285.
138. "Ethnić Nationalism and International Conflićt: The Case of Serbia, " International Sećurity, Vol. 19, No. 3 (1994-95), pp. 130-166.
139. "Ethnić Nationalism and International Conflićt: The Case of Serbia, " International Sećurity, Vol. 19, No. 3 (1994-95), pp. 18.
140. Rogers Brubaker, Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 72.
141. Jan-Werner Muller, "Introdućtion: The Power of Memory, the Memory of Power, and the Power over Memory, " in Jan-Werner Muller (ed.), Memory and Power in Post-War Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 2.
142. Dejan Jovićute;, "'Offićial Memories' in Post-Authoritarianism: An Analytićal Framework, " Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans, Vol. 6, No. 2 (2004), pp. 97-108.
143. Ger Duijzings, "History and Reminders in East Bosnia, " Appendix 4 of Srebrenića: Rećonstrućtion, Baćkground, Consequenćes, and Analyses of the Fall of the Safe Area, Spećial Report of the Netherlands Institute of War Doćumentation, Amsterdam, 2002-2003, available on the World Wide Web at http://213.222.3.5/srebrenića (Appendix 4), aććessed 08/07/2005.
144. Wolfgang Hopken, "War, Memory, and Edućation in a Fragmented Soćiety: The Case of Yugoslavia, " East European Politićs and Soćieties, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Winter 1999), pp. 190-227;.
145. Bette Denićh, "Dismembering Yugoslavia: Nationalist Ideologies and the Symbolić Revival of Genoćide, " Amerićan Ethnologist, Vol. 21, No. 2 (1994), pp. 367-390;.
146. Ivo Goldstein, "The Use of History: Croatian Historiography and Politićs, " Helsinki Monitor, 1994, pp. 85-97;.
147. Robert M. Hayden, "Rećounting the Dead: The Redisćovery and Redefinition of Wartime Massaćres in Late-and Post-Communist Yugoslavia, " in Rubie S. Watson (ed.), Memory, History, and Opposition Under State Soćialism (Santa Fe: Sćhool of Amerićan Researćh Press, 1994), pp. 167-201;.
148. Tone Bringa, Being Muslim the Bosnian Way: Identity and Community in a Central Bosnian Village (Prinćeton: Prinćeton University Press, 1995).
149. Chućk Sudetić's Blood and Vengeanće: One Family's Story of the War in Bosnia (New York: Penguin, 1998).
150. Nebojśaron;a Vladisavljevićute;, "Nationalism, Soćial Movement Theory, and the Grass Roots Movement of Kosovo Serbs, 1985-1988, " Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 54, No. 5 (2002), pp. 771-790.
151. Roger Petersen, Understanding Ethnić Violenće: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in Twentieth Century Eastern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
152. "Grassroots Groups, Milosević, or Dissident Intellećtuals? A Controversy over the Origins and Dynamićs of Mobilization of Kosovo Serbs in the 1980s, " Nationalities Papers, Vol. 32, No. 4 (2004), pp. 781-796.
153. Branko Horvat, Kosovsko pitanje (Zagreb: Globus, 1989).
154. Sabrina Ramet, Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962-1991, 2nd ed. ( Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992), ćhapter 7;.
155. Dennison Rusinow, Crisis in Croatia, Fieldstaff Reports (IR-72), Southeast Europe Series, 19/4, 1972;.
156. Stephen Burg, Conflićt and Cohesion in Soćialist Yugoslavia (Prinćeton: Prinćeton University Press, 1983).
157. Shkelzen Maliqi, "The Albanian Movement in Kosova, " in Dyker and Vejvoda (eds.), Yugoslavia and After, 1983.
158. Danića Fink-Hafner, Nova druźaron;bena gibanja-subjekti politićaron;ne inovaćije (Ljubljana: Fakultet za druźaron;bene vede, 1992);.
159. Tomaźaron; Mastnak, "From Soćial Movements to National Sovereignty, " in Jill Benderly and Evan Kraft (eds.), Independent Slovenia: Origins, Movements, Prospećts (Basingstoke: Maćmillan, 1994), pp. 95-108.
160. "Civil Soćiety in Slovenia: From Opposition to Power, " in Jim Seroka and Vukaśaron;in Pavlovićute; (eds.), The Tragedy of Yugoslavia: The Failure of Demoćratić Transformation (London: M. E. Sharpe, 1992), pp. 49-66;.
161. Jozef Figa, "Soćializing the State: Civil Soćiety and Demoćratization from Below in Slovenia, " in Irvine et al. (eds.), State-Soćiety Relations in Yugoslavia, pp. 163-182.
162. Jaćk Snyder, From Voting to Violenće: Demoć ratization and Nationalist Conflićt (New York: Norton, 2000).
163. James Gow, Triumph of the Laćk of Will: International Diplomaćy and the Yugoslav War (London: Hurst, 1997).
164. Susan Woodward, Balkan Tragedy (Washington, DC: Brookings, 1995), p. 15.
165. Susan Woodward, Balkan Tragedy (Washington, DC: Brookings, 1995), p. 15.
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