메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue APR, 2014, Pages

Enhancement of cognitive and neural functions through complex reasoning training: Evidence from normal and clinical populations

Author keywords

Brain plasticity; Cognition; Cognitive training; Gist reasoning; Neural

Indexed keywords

ABSTRACTING MEANING; AGE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN INJURY; COGNITION; CONCEPT ANALYSIS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EPISODIC MEMORY; EXERCISE; GIST REASONING TRAINING; HUMAN; LEARNING; MASS COMMUNICATION; MEDITATION; MEMORY; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); TRAINING; VERBAL BEHAVIOR; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84899683884     PISSN: 16625137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00069     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (57)
  • 2
    • 84883660251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults
    • doi: 10.1038/nature12486
    • Anguera, J. A., Boccanfuso, J., Rintoul, J. L., Al-Hashimi, O., Faraji, F., Janowich, J., et al. (2013). Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults. Nature 501, 97-101. doi: 10.1038/nature12486
    • (2013) Nature , vol.501 , pp. 97-101
    • Anguera, J.A.1    Boccanfuso, J.2    Rintoul, J.L.3    Al-Hashimi, O.4    Faraji, F.5    Janowich, J.6
  • 4
    • 79957795822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training-related brain plasticity in subjects at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
    • doi: 10.1093/brain/awr037
    • Belleville, S., Clément, F., Mellah, S., Gilbert, B., Fontaine, F., and Gauthier, S. (2011). Training-related brain plasticity in subjects at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Brain 134, 1623-1634. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr037
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 1623-1634
    • Belleville, S.1    Clément, F.2    Mellah, S.3    Gilbert, B.4    Fontaine, F.5    Gauthier, S.6
  • 5
    • 0000377984 scopus 로고
    • Chemical and Anatomical Plasticity of the Brain
    • doi: 10.1126/science.146.3644.610
    • Bennett, E. L., Diamond, M. C., Krech, D., and Rosenzweig, M. R. (1964). Chemical and Anatomical Plasticity of the Brain. Science 610-619. doi: 10.1126/science.146.3644.610
    • (1964) Science , pp. 610-619
    • Bennett, E.L.1    Diamond, M.C.2    Krech, D.3    Rosenzweig, M.R.4
  • 6
    • 84899687954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto: ON; University of California, Berkeley: CA
    • Binder, D. T. G., O'Connor, C., and Levine, B. (2008). Brain HealthWorkshop. Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto: ON; University of California, Berkeley: CA.
    • (2008) Brain HealthWorkshop
    • Binder, D.T.G.1    O'Connor, C.2    Levine, B.3
  • 7
    • 49049113735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training-induced brain structure changes in the elderly
    • doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0742-08.2008
    • Boyke, J., Driemeyer, J., Gaser, C., Büchel, C., and May, A. (2008). Training-induced brain structure changes in the elderly. J. Neurosci. 28, 7031-7035. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0742-08.2008
    • (2008) J. Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 7031-7035
    • Boyke, J.1    Driemeyer, J.2    Gaser, C.3    Büchel, C.4    May, A.5
  • 8
    • 0001260749 scopus 로고
    • Sentence memory: A constructive versus interpretive approach
    • doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90003-5
    • Bransford, J. D., Barclay, J. R., and Franks, J. J. (1972). Sentence memory: a constructive versus interpretive approach. Cogn. Psychol. 3, 193-209. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90003-5
    • (1972) Cogn. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 193-209
    • Bransford, J.D.1    Barclay, J.R.2    Franks, J.J.3
  • 9
    • 49649157880 scopus 로고
    • The abstraction of linguistic ideas
    • doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(71)90019-3
    • Bransford, J. D., and Franks, J. J. (1971). The abstraction of linguistic ideas. Cogn. Psychol. 2, 331-350. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(71)90019-3
    • (1971) Cogn. Psychol. , vol.2 , pp. 331-350
    • Bransford, J.D.1    Franks, J.J.2
  • 10
    • 77952881705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale brain networks in cognition: Emerging methods and principles
    • doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2010.04.004
    • Bressler, S. L., and Menon, V. (2010). Large-scale brain networks in cognition: emerging methods and principles. Trends Cogn. Sci. 14, 277-290. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2010.04.004
    • (2010) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 277-290
    • Bressler, S.L.1    Menon, V.2
  • 11
    • 75949088323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for neurocognitive plasticity in at-risk older adults: The experience corps program
    • doi: 10.1093/gerona/glp117
    • Carlson, M. C., Erickson, K. I., Kramer, A. F., Voss, M. W., Bolea, N., Mielke, M., et al. (2009). Evidence for neurocognitive plasticity in at-risk older adults: the experience corps program. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 64, 1275-1282. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glp117
    • (2009) J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 1275-1282
    • Carlson, M.C.1    Erickson, K.I.2    Kramer, A.F.3    Voss, M.W.4    Bolea, N.5    Mielke, M.6
  • 12
    • 84924590633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms of brain plasticity with complex cognitive training in healthy seniors
    • doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht234. [Epub ahead of print]
    • Chapman, S. B., Aslan, S., Spence, J. S., Hart, J. J., Bartz, E. K., Didehbani, N., et al. (2013). Neural mechanisms of brain plasticity with complex cognitive training in healthy seniors. Cereb. Cortex. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht234. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Cereb. Cortex.
    • Chapman, S.B.1    Aslan, S.2    Spence, J.S.3    Hart, J.J.4    Bartz, E.K.5    Didehbani, N.6
  • 13
    • 84863686808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher-order strategic gist reasoning in adolescence
    • eds V. Reyna, S. B. Chapman, M. R. Dougherty, and J. Confrey, doi: 10.1037/13493-005
    • Chapman, S. B., Gamino, J. F., and Mudar, R. A. (2012). "Higher-order strategic gist reasoning in adolescence, " inThe Adolescent Brain: Learning, Reasoning, and Decison Making, eds V. Reyna, S. B. Chapman, M. R. Dougherty, and J. Confrey, 123-151. doi: 10.1037/13493-005
    • (2012) The Adolescent Brain: Learning, Reasoning, and Decison Making , pp. 123-151
    • Chapman, S.B.1    Gamino, J.F.2    Mudar, R.A.3
  • 14
    • 84885900239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discourse gist: A window into the brain's complex cognitive capacity
    • doi: 10.1177/1461445613501444
    • Chapman, S. B., and Mudar, R. A. (2013). Discourse gist: a window into the brain's complex cognitive capacity. Discourse Stud. 15, 519-533. doi: 10.1177/1461445613501444
    • (2013) Discourse Stud. , vol.15 , pp. 519-533
    • Chapman, S.B.1    Mudar, R.A.2
  • 15
    • 79957497453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training of goal-directed attention regulation enhances control over neural processing for individuals with brain injury
    • doi: 10.1093/brain/awr067
    • Chen, A. J., Nycum, T. J., Novakovic-Agopian, T., Song, S., Gary, T., Rome, S., et al. (2011). Training of goal-directed attention regulation enhances control over neural processing for individuals with brain injury. Brain 134, 1541-1554. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr067
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 1541-1554
    • Chen, A.J.1    Nycum, T.J.2    Novakovic-Agopian, T.3    Song, S.4    Gary, T.5    Rome, S.6
  • 16
    • 33748113933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional reintegration of prefrontal neural networks for enhancing recovery after brain injury
    • doi: 10.1097/00001199-200603000-00004
    • Chen, A. J.-W., Abrams, G. M., and D'Esposito, M. (2006). Functional reintegration of prefrontal neural networks for enhancing recovery after brain injury. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 21, 107-118. doi: 10.1097/00001199-200603000-00004
    • (2006) J. Head Trauma Rehabil. , vol.21 , pp. 107-118
    • Chen, A.J.-W.1    Abrams, G.M.2    D'Esposito, M.3
  • 17
    • 22344441444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease: A review
    • doi: 10.1080/09602010443000074
    • Clare, L., and Woods, R. T. (2004). Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease: a review. Neuropsychol. Rehabil. 14, 385-401. doi: 10.1080/09602010443000074
    • (2004) Neuropsychol. Rehabil. , vol.14 , pp. 385-401
    • Clare, L.1    Woods, R.T.2
  • 18
    • 45849106902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfer of learning after updating training mediated by the striatum
    • doi: 10.1126/science.1155466
    • Dahlin, E., Neely, A. S., Larsson, A., Bäckman, L., and Nyberg, L. (2008). Transfer of learning after updating training mediated by the striatum. Science 320, 1510-1512. doi: 10.1126/science.1155466
    • (2008) Science , vol.320 , pp. 1510-1512
    • Dahlin, E.1    Neely, A.S.2    Larsson, A.3    Bäckman, L.4    Nyberg, L.5
  • 19
    • 20444451824 scopus 로고
    • Constructing multiple semantic representations in comprehending and producing discourse
    • doi: 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61547-2
    • Frederksen, C. H., and Donin, J. (1991). Constructing multiple semantic representations in comprehending and producing discourse. Adv. Psychol. 79, 19-44. doi: 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)61547-2
    • (1991) Adv. Psychol. , vol.79 , pp. 19-44
    • Frederksen, C.H.1    Donin, J.2
  • 20
    • 22344435447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory: Pandora's hippocampus?
    • Gabrieli, J. (2004). Memory: pandora's hippocampus? Cerebrum 6, 39-48.
    • (2004) Cerebrum , vol.6 , pp. 39-48
    • Gabrieli, J.1
  • 21
    • 79955870230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of higher-order cognitive strategy training on gist-reasoning and fact-learning in adolescents
    • doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00188
    • Gamino, J. F., Chapman, S. B., Hull, E. L., and Lyon, G. R. (2010). Effects of higher-order cognitive strategy training on gist-reasoning and fact-learning in adolescents. Front. Psychol. 1:188. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00188
    • (2010) Front. Psychol. , vol.1 , pp. 188
    • Gamino, J.F.1    Chapman, S.B.2    Hull, E.L.3    Lyon, G.R.4
  • 22
    • 80053174534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and memory training in adults at risk of dementia: A systematic review
    • doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-11-55
    • Gates, N. J., Sachdev, P. S., Fiatarone Singh, M. A., and Valenzuela, M. (2011). Cognitive and memory training in adults at risk of dementia: a systematic review. BMC Geriatr. 11:55. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-11-55
    • (2011) BMC Geriatr. , vol.11 , pp. 55
    • Gates, N.J.1    Sachdev, P.S.2    Fiatarone Singh, M.A.3    Valenzuela, M.4
  • 23
    • 14944345815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down enhancement and suppression of the magnitude and speed of neural activity
    • doi: 10.1162/0898929053279522
    • Gazzaley, A., Cooney, J. W., McEvoy, K., Knight, R. T., and D'Esposito, M. (2005). Top-down enhancement and suppression of the magnitude and speed of neural activity. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17, 507-517. doi: 10.1162/0898929053279522
    • (2005) J. Cogn. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 507-517
    • Gazzaley, A.1    Cooney, J.W.2    McEvoy, K.3    Knight, R.T.4    D'Esposito, M.5
  • 24
    • 44349087779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801268105
    • Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Jonides, J., and Perrig, W. J. (2008). Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 6829-6833. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801268105
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.105 , pp. 6829-6833
    • Jaeggi, S.M.1    Buschkuehl, M.2    Jonides, J.3    Perrig, W.J.4
  • 26
    • 0034280536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional relation between learning and organization in free recall
    • doi: 10.3758/BF03214365
    • Kahana, M. J., and Wingfield, A. (2000). A functional relation between learning and organization in free recall. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 7, 516-521. doi: 10.3758/BF03214365
    • (2000) Psychon. Bull. Rev. , vol.7 , pp. 516-521
    • Kahana, M.J.1    Wingfield, A.2
  • 27
    • 34447545556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capitalizing on cortical plasticity: Influence of physical activity on cognition and brain function
    • doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.06.009
    • Kramer, A. F., and Erickson, K. I. (2007). Capitalizing on cortical plasticity: influence of physical activity on cognition and brain function. Trends Cogn. Sci. 11, 342-348. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.06.009
    • (2007) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 342-348
    • Kramer, A.F.1    Erickson, K.I.2
  • 28
    • 70349309751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical gist and medical education
    • doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1383
    • Lloyd, F. J., and Reyna, V. F. (2009). Clinical gist and medical education. JAMA 302, 1332-1333. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1383
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , pp. 1332-1333
    • Lloyd, F.J.1    Reyna, V.F.2
  • 29
    • 33747604866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: A randomized, controlled study
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605194103
    • Mahncke, H. W., Connor, B. B., Appelman, J., Ahsanuddin, O. N., Hardy, J. L., Wood, R. A., et al. (2006). Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: a randomized, controlled study. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 12523-12528. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605194103
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.103 , pp. 12523-12528
    • Mahncke, H.W.1    Connor, B.B.2    Appelman, J.3    Ahsanuddin, O.N.4    Hardy, J.L.5    Wood, R.A.6
  • 30
    • 0010958707 scopus 로고
    • Appearance and reality: Does a recognition test really improve subsequent recall and recognition?
    • doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.7.2.79
    • Mandler, G., and Rabinowitz, J. C. (1981). Appearance and reality: does a recognition test really improve subsequent recall and recognition? J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Learn. Mem. 7, 79. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.7.2.79
    • (1981) J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Learn. Mem. , vol.7 , pp. 79
    • Mandler, G.1    Rabinowitz, J.C.2
  • 31
    • 79952262574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition-based interventions for healthy older people and people with mild cognitive impairment
    • doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006220.pub2
    • Martin, M., Clare, L., Altgassen, A. M., Cameron, M. H., and Zehnder, F. (2011). Cognition-based interventions for healthy older people and people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. CD006220. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006220.pub2
    • (2011) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Martin, M.1    Clare, L.2    Altgassen, A.M.3    Cameron, M.H.4    Zehnder, F.5
  • 32
    • 84888355802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory control gains from higher-order cognitive strategy training
    • doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2013.10.007
    • Motes, M. A., Gamino, J. F., Chapman, S. B., Rao, N. K., Maguire, M. J., Brier, M. R., et al. (2014). Inhibitory control gains from higher-order cognitive strategy training. Brain Cogn. 84, 44-62. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2013.10.007
    • (2014) Brain Cogn. , vol.84 , pp. 44-62
    • Motes, M.A.1    Gamino, J.F.2    Chapman, S.B.3    Rao, N.K.4    Maguire, M.J.5    Brier, M.R.6
  • 34
    • 84879651014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Garbage truck of the brain
    • doi: 10.1126/science.1240514
    • Nedergaard, M. (2013). Garbage truck of the brain. Science 340, 1529-1530. doi: 10.1126/science.1240514
    • (2013) Science , vol.340 , pp. 1529-1530
    • Nedergaard, M.1
  • 35
    • 0030659149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • False recognition in younger and older adults: Exploring the characteristics of illusory memories
    • doi: 10.3758/BF03211328
    • Norman, K. A., and Schacter, D. L. (1997). False recognition in younger and older adults: exploring the characteristics of illusory memories. Mem. Cognit. 25, 838-848. doi: 10.3758/BF03211328
    • (1997) Mem. Cognit. , vol.25 , pp. 838-848
    • Norman, K.A.1    Schacter, D.L.2
  • 36
    • 0344823850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of training-related memory improvement in adulthood and aging
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.1735487100
    • Nyberg, L., Sandblom, J., Jones, S., Neely, A. S., Petersson, K. M., Ingvar, M., et al. (2003). Neural correlates of training-related memory improvement in adulthood and aging. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 13728-13733. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1735487100
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.100 , pp. 13728-13733
    • Nyberg, L.1    Sandblom, J.2    Jones, S.3    Neely, A.S.4    Petersson, K.M.5    Ingvar, M.6
  • 37
    • 58049153249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate and delayed effects of cognitive interventions in healthy elderly: A review of current literature and future directions
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.10.008
    • Papp, K. V., Walsh, S. J., and Snyder, P. J. (2009). Immediate and delayed effects of cognitive interventions in healthy elderly: a review of current literature and future directions. Alzheimers Dement. 5, 50-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.10.008
    • (2009) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.5 , pp. 50-60
    • Papp, K.V.1    Walsh, S.J.2    Snyder, P.J.3
  • 38
    • 84892805142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten year effects of the advanced cognitive training for independent and vital elderly cognitive training trial on cognition and everyday functioning in older adults
    • doi: 10.1111/jgs.12607
    • Rebok, G. W., Ball, K., Guey, L. T., Jones, R. N., Kim, H. Y., King, J. W., et al. (2014). Ten year effects of the advanced cognitive training for independent and vital elderly cognitive training trial on cognition and everyday functioning in older adults. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 62, 16-24. doi: 10.1111/jgs.12607
    • (2014) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. , vol.62 , pp. 16-24
    • Rebok, G.W.1    Ball, K.2    Guey, L.T.3    Jones, R.N.4    Kim, H.Y.5    King, J.W.6
  • 39
    • 84867475356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive interventions in healthy older adults and people with mild cognitive impairment; a systematic review
    • doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.07.003
    • Reijnders, J., Van Heugten, C., and Van Boxtel, M. (2012). Cognitive interventions in healthy older adults and people with mild cognitive impairment; a systematic review. Ageing Res. Rev. 12, 263-275. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.07.003
    • (2012) Ageing Res. Rev. , vol.12 , pp. 263-275
    • Reijnders, J.1    Van Heugten, C.2    Van Boxtel, M.3
  • 40
    • 0002842383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptions of memory development with implications for reasoning and decision making
    • Reyna, V. F. (1996). Conceptions of memory development with implications for reasoning and decision making. Ann. Child Dev. 12, 87-118.
    • (1996) Ann. Child Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 87-118
    • Reyna, V.F.1
  • 41
    • 0003159438 scopus 로고
    • Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis
    • doi: 10.1016/1041-6080(95)90031-4
    • Reyna, V. F., and Brainerd, C. J. (1995). Fuzzy-trace theory: an interim synthesis. Learn. Individ. Differ. 7, 1-75. doi: 10.1016/1041-6080(95)90031-4
    • (1995) Learn. Individ. Differ. , vol.7 , pp. 1-75
    • Reyna, V.F.1    Brainerd, C.J.2
  • 42
    • 80053051768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual processes in decision making and developmental neuroscience: A Fuzzy-Trace model
    • doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.004
    • Reyna, V. F., and Brainerd, C. J. (2011). Dual processes in decision making and developmental neuroscience: a Fuzzy-Trace model. Dev. Rev. 31, 180-206. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.004
    • (2011) Dev. Rev. , vol.31 , pp. 180-206
    • Reyna, V.F.1    Brainerd, C.J.2
  • 43
    • 33748760339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physician decision making and cardiac risk: Effects of knowledge, risk perception, risk tolerance, and fuzzy processing
    • doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.12.3.179
    • Reyna, V. F., and Lloyd, F. J. (2006). Physician decision making and cardiac risk: effects of knowledge, risk perception, risk tolerance, and fuzzy processing. J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 12, 179-195. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.12.3.179
    • (2006) J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. , vol.12 , pp. 179-195
    • Reyna, V.F.1    Lloyd, F.J.2
  • 44
    • 80055063881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive training changes hippocampal function in mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study
    • doi: 10.3233/JAD-2011-0009
    • Rosen, A. C., Sugiura, L., Kramer, J. H., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., and Gabrieli, J. D. (2011). Cognitive training changes hippocampal function in mild cognitive impairment: a pilot study. J. Alzheimers Dis. 26, 349-357. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2011-0009
    • (2011) J. Alzheimers Dis. , vol.26 , pp. 349-357
    • Rosen, A.C.1    Sugiura, L.2    Kramer, J.H.3    Whitfield-Gabrieli, S.4    Gabrieli, J.D.5
  • 45
    • 48549113394 scopus 로고
    • Psychological effects of complex environments during the life span: A review and theory
    • doi: 10.1016/0160-2896(84)90011-4
    • Schooler, C. (1984). Psychological effects of complex environments during the life span: a review and theory. Intelligence 8, 259-281. doi: 10.1016/0160-2896(84)90011-4
    • (1984) Intelligence , vol.8 , pp. 259-281
    • Schooler, C.1
  • 46
    • 0032850997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The continuing effects of substantively complex work on the intellectual functioning of older workers
    • doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.14.3.483
    • Schooler, C., Mulatu, M. S., and Oates, G. (1999). The continuing effects of substantively complex work on the intellectual functioning of older workers. Psychol. Aging 14, 483. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.14.3.483
    • (1999) Psychol. Aging , vol.14 , pp. 483
    • Schooler, C.1    Mulatu, M.S.2    Oates, G.3
  • 47
    • 36749064448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707678104
    • Tang, Y.-Y., Ma, Y., Wang, J., Fan, Y., Feng, S., Lu, Q., et al. (2007). Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 17152-17156. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707678104
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.104 , pp. 17152-17156
    • Tang, Y.-Y.1    Ma, Y.2    Wang, J.3    Fan, Y.4    Feng, S.5    Lu, Q.6
  • 48
    • 80053475937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive stimulation programs in healthy elderly: A review
    • doi: 10.4061/2011/378934
    • Tardif, S., and Simard, M. (2011). Cognitive stimulation programs in healthy elderly: a review. Int. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2011:378934. doi: 10.4061/2011/378934
    • (2011) Int. J. Alzheimers Dis. , pp. 378934
    • Tardif, S.1    Simard, M.2
  • 49
    • 80054948772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive functions in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
    • doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.02.014
    • Teixeira, C. V. L., Gobbi, L. T. B., Corazza, D. I., Stella, F., Costa, J. L. R., and Gobbi, S. (2012). Non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive functions in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 54, 175-180. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.02.014
    • (2012) Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. , vol.54 , pp. 175-180
    • Teixeira, C.V.L.1    Gobbi, L.T.B.2    Corazza, D.I.3    Stella, F.4    Costa, J.L.R.5    Gobbi, S.6
  • 50
    • 84878077032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of working memory training to enhance cognition or intelligence
    • doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063614
    • Thompson, T. W., Waskom, M. L., Garel, K.-L. A., Cardenas-Iniguez, C., Reynolds, G. O., Winter, R., et al. (2013). Failure of working memory training to enhance cognition or intelligence. PLoS ONE 8:e63614. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063614
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8
    • Thompson, T.W.1    Waskom, M.L.2    Garel, K.-L.A.3    Cardenas-Iniguez, C.4    Reynolds, G.O.5    Winter, R.6
  • 51
    • 50349099894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifespan mental activity predicts diminished rate of hippocampal atrophy
    • doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002598
    • Valenzuela, M. J., Sachdev, P., Wen, W., Chen, X., and Brodaty, H. (2008). Lifespan mental activity predicts diminished rate of hippocampal atrophy. PLoS ONE 3:e2598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002598
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Valenzuela, M.J.1    Sachdev, P.2    Wen, W.3    Chen, X.4    Brodaty, H.5
  • 52
    • 67649265222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can cognitive exercise prevent the onset of dementia? Systematic review of randomized clinical trials with longitudinal follow-up
    • doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181953b57
    • Valenzuela, M., and Sachdev, P. (2009). Can cognitive exercise prevent the onset of dementia? Systematic review of randomized clinical trials with longitudinal follow-up. Am. J. Geriatr. Psych. 17, 179-187. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181953b57
    • (2009) Am. J. Geriatr. Psych. , vol.17 , pp. 179-187
    • Valenzuela, M.1    Sachdev, P.2
  • 54
    • 79955856282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher-order reasoning training years after traumatic brain injury in adults
    • doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e318218dd3d
    • Vas, A. K., Chapman, S. B., Cook, L. G., Elliott, A. C., and Keebler, M. (2011). Higher-order reasoning training years after traumatic brain injury in adults. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 26, 224-239. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e318218dd3d
    • (2011) J. Head Trauma Rehabil. , vol.26 , pp. 224-239
    • Vas, A.K.1    Chapman, S.B.2    Cook, L.G.3    Elliott, A.C.4    Keebler, M.5
  • 55
    • 33845717310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults
    • doi: 10.1001/jama.296.23.2805
    • Willis, S. L., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K. M., et al. (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. JAMA 296, 2805-2814. doi: 10.1001/jama.296.23.2805
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.296 , pp. 2805-2814
    • Willis, S.L.1    Tennstedt, S.L.2    Marsiske, M.3    Ball, K.4    Elias, J.5    Koepke, K.M.6
  • 56
    • 70350510085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Far transfer in cognitive training of older adults
    • doi: 10.3233/RNN-2009-0495
    • Zelinski, E. M. (2009). Far transfer in cognitive training of older adults. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 27, 455-471. doi: 10.3233/RNN-2009-0495
    • (2009) Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 455-471
    • Zelinski, E.M.1
  • 57
    • 0032014848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Situation models in language comprehension and memory
    • doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.123.2.162
    • Zwaan, R. A., and Radvansky, G. A. (1998). Situation models in language comprehension and memory. Psychol. Bull. 123, 162. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.123.2.162
    • (1998) Psychol. Bull. , vol.123 , pp. 162
    • Zwaan, R.A.1    Radvansky, G.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.