Exosomes in the gut

Frontiers in Immunology

Volumn 5, Issue MAR, 2014, Pages

  Smythies, Lesley E ^a   Smythies, John R ^b  

^a University of Alabama at Birmingham   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Dendritic cells; Epithelial cells; Exosomes; Immunological synapses; Mucosa; Neurons

Indexed keywords

DNA; MESSENGER RNA; MICRORNA; PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ARTICLE; CELL COMMUNICATION; DENDRITIC CELL; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; EPITHELIUM CELL; EXOSOME; GLYCOSYLATION; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSE; INTESTINE FLORA; LAMINA PROPRIA; MESENTERY LYMPH NODE;

EID: 84897930580     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16643224     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00104     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Ley RE, Peterson DA, Gordon JI. Ecological and evolutionary forces shaping microbial diversity in the human intestine. Cell (2006) 124:837-48. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.017
2. Maynard CL, Elson CO, Hatton RD, Weaver CT. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system. Nature (2012) 489:231. doi:10.1038/nature11551
3. Falk PG, Hooper LV, Midtvedt T, Gordon JI. Creating and maintaining the gastrointestinal ecosystem: what we know and need to know from gnotobiology. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev (1998) 62:1157.
4. Macpherson AJ, Harris NL. Interactions between commensal intestinal bacteria and the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol (2004) 4:478. doi:10.1038/nri1373
5. Duan J, Chung H, Troy E, Kasper DL. Microbial colonization drives expansion of IL-1 receptor 1-expressing and IL-17-producing gamma/delta T cells. Cell Host Microbe (2010) 7:140. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2010.01.005
6. Niess JH, Leithäuser F, Adler G, Reimann J. Commensal gut flora drives the expansion of proinflammatory CD4 T cells in the colonic lamina propria under normal and inflammatory conditions. J Immunol (2008) 180:559.
7. Lundin A, Bok CM, Aronsson L, Björkholm B, Gustafsson JA, Pott S, et al. Gut flora, Toll-like receptors and nuclear receptors: a tripartite communication that tunes innate immunity in large intestine. Cell Microbiol (2008) 10:1093. doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01108.x
8. Smythies LE, Shen R, Bimczok D, Novak L, Clements RH, Eckhoff DE, et al. Inflammation anergy in human intestinal macrophages is due to Smad-induced IkappaBalpha expression and NF-kappaB inactivation. J Biol Chem (2010) 285:19593-604. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.069955
9. Smith PD, Smythies LE, Shen R, Greenwell-Wild T, Gliozzi M, Wahl SM. Intestinal macrophages and response to microbial encroachment. Mucosal Immunol (2011) 1:31-42. doi:10.1038/mi.2010.66
10. + dendritic cells into the intestinal epithelium to sample bacterial antigens for presentation. Immunity (2013) 38:581-95. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.01.009
11. Smythies LE, Sellers M, Clements RH, Mosteller-Barnum M, Meng G, Benjamin WH, et al. Human intestinal macrophages display profound inflammatory anergy despite avid phagocytic and bacteriocidal activity. J Clin Invest (2005) 115:66-75. doi:10.1172/JCI200519229
12. + dendritic cells in the small intestine. Nature (2012) 483:345-9. doi:10.1038/nature10863
13. Niess JH, Brand S, Gu X, Landsman L, Jung S, McCormick BA, et al. CX3CR1-mediated dendritic cell access to the intestinal lumen and bacterial clearance. Science (2005) 307:254-8.
14. Chieppa M, Rescigno M, Huang AY, Germain RN. Dynamic imaging of dendritic cell extension into the small bowel lumen in response to epithelial cell TLR engagement. J. Exp Med (2006) 203:2841-52. doi:10.1084/jem.20061884
15. Farache J, Zigmond E, Shakhar G, Jung S. Contributions of dendritic cells and macrophages to intestinal homeostasis and immune defense. Immunol Cell Biol (2013) 91:232-9. doi:10.1038/icb.2012.79
16. Bogunovic M, Ginhoux F, Helft J, Shang L, Hashimoto D, Greter M, et al. Origin of the lamina propria dendritic cell network. Immunity (2009) 31:513-25. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.010
17. Schulz O, Jaensson E, Persson EK, Liu X, Worbs T, Agace WW, et al. Intestinal CD103+, but not CX3CR1+, antigen sampling cells migrate in lymph and serve classical dendritic cell functions. J Exp Med (2009) 206:3101-14. doi:10.1084/jem.20091925
18. Johansson-Lindbom B, Svensson M, Pabst O, Palmqvist C, Marquez G, Förster R, et al. Functional specialization of gut CD103 dendritic cells in the regulation of tissue-selective T cell homing. J Exp Med (2005) 202:1063-73. doi:10.1084/jem.20051100
19. Jaensson E, Uronen-Hansson H, Pabst O, Eksteen B, Tian J, Coombes JL, et al. Small intestinal CD103+ dendritic cells display unique functional properties that are conserved between mice and humans. J Exp Med (2008) 205:2139-49. doi:10.1084/jem.20080414
20. Mallegol J, Van Niel G, Lebreton C, Lepelletier Y, Candalh C, Dugave C, et al. T84-intestinal epithelial exosomes bear MHC class II/peptide complexes potentiating antigen presentation by dendritic cells. J Gastro. (2007) 132:1866. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.02.043
21. van Niel G, Raposo G, Candalh C, Boussac M, Hershberg R, Cerf-Bensussan N, et al. Intestinal epithelial cells secrete exosome-like vesicles. Gastroenterology (2001) 121:337-49.
22. Hu G, Gong AY, Roth AL, Huang BQ, Ward HD, Zhu G, et al. Release of luminal exosomes contributes to TLR4-mediated epithelial antimicrobial defense. Plos Pathog (2013) 9. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003261
23. Chen X, Song CH, Feng BS, Li TL, Li P, Zheng PY, et al. Intestinal epithelial cell-derived integrin aβ6 plays an important role in the induction of regulatory T cells and inhibits an antigen-specific Th2 response. J Leuko Biol (2006) 90:751-9. doi:10.1189/jlb.1210696
24. Théry C, Zitvogel L, Amigorena S. Exosomes: composition, biogenesis and function. Nat Rev Immunol (2002) 2:569-79.
25. Andre F, Schartz NE, Movassagh M, Flament C, Pautier P, Morice P, et al. Malignant effusions and immunogenic tumour-derived exosomes. Lancet (2002) 360:295-305. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09552-1
26. Smalheiser NR. Exosomal transfer of proteins and RNAs at synapses in the nervous system. Biol Direct (2007) 2:35. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-2-35
27. Hendrix A, Westbroek W, Bracke M, Wever OD. An ex(o)citing machinery for invasive tumor growth. Cancer Res (2010) 70:9533-7. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3248
28. Smythies J, Edelstein L. Transsynaptic modality codes in the brain: possible involvement of synchronized spike timing, microRNAs, exosomes and epigenetic processes. Front Intregr Neurosci (2013) 2012(6):126. doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00126
29. Keller S, Ridinger J, Rupp AK, Janssen JW, Altevogt P. Body fluid derived exosomes as a novel template for clinical diagnostics. J Transl Med (2011) 9:86. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-9-86
30. Nanbo A, Kawanishi E, Yoshida R, Yoshiyama H. Exosomes derived from Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells are internalized via caveola-dependent endocytosis and promote phenotypic modulation in target cells. J Virol (2013) 87:10334-47. doi:10.1128/JVI.01310-13
31. Frühbeis C, Fröhlich D, Kuo WP, Amphornrat J, Thilemann S, Saab AS, et al. Neurotransmitter-triggered transfer of exosomes mediates oligodendrocyte-neuron communication. PLoS Biol (2013) 11:e1001604. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001604
32. Agnati LF, Guidolin D, Guescini M, Battistin L, Stocchi V, De Caro R, et al. Aspects on the integrative actions of the brain from neural networks to "brain-body medicine." J Recept Signal Transduct Res (2012) 32:163-80. doi:10.3109/10799893.2012.687748
33. Marzo L, Gousset K, Zurzolo C. Multifaceted roles of tunneling nanotubes in intercellular communication. Front Physiol (2012) 3:72. doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00072
34. Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela DO, Romero-Fernandez W, Zhang WB, Agnati LF. Volume transmission and its different forms in the central nervous system. Chin J Integr Med (2013) 19:323-9. doi:10.1007/s11655-013-1455-1
35. Kinney JP, Spacek J, Bartol TM, Chandrajit LB, Harris KM, Sejnowski TJ. Extracellular sheets and tunnels modulate glutamate diffusion in hippocampal neuropil. J Comp Neurol (2013) 521:448-64. doi:10.1002/cne.23181
36. Koles K, Budnik V. Exosomes go with the Wnt. Cell Log (2012) 2:1-5.
37. Morel L, Regan M, Higashimori H, Ng SK, Esau C, Vidensky S, et al. Neuronal exosomal miRNA-dependent translational regulation of astroglial glutamate transporter GLT1. J Biol Chem (2013) 288:7105-16. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.410944
38. Basso M, Pozzi S, Tortarolo M, Fiordaliso F, Bisighini C, Pasetto L, et al. Mutant copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) induces protein secretion pathway alterations and exosome release in astrocytes: implications for disease spreading and motor neuron pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Biol Chem (2013) 288:15699-711. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.425066
39. Wang G, Dinkins M, He Q, Zhu G, Poirier C, Campbell A, et al. Astrocytes secrete exosomes enriched with proapoptotic ceramide and prostate apoptosis response 4 (PAR-4): potential mechanism of apoptosis induction in Alzheimer disease (AD). J Biol Chem (2012) 287:21384-95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.340513
40. Batista BS, Eng WS, Pilobello KT, Hendricks-Muñoz KD, Mahal LK. Identification of a conserved glycan signature for microvesicles. J Proteome Res (2011) 10:4624-33. doi:10.1021/pr200434y
41. Thompson CA, Purushothaman A, Ramani VC, Vlodavsky I, Sanderson RD. Heparanase regulates secretion, composition, and function of tumor cell-derived exosomes. J Biol Chem (2013) 288:10093-9. doi:10.1074/jbc.C112.444562
42. Christianson HC, Belting M. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan as a cell-surface endocytosis receptor. Matrix Biol (2013). S945-53. doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2013.10.004
43. Christianson HC, Svensson KJ, van Kuppevelt TH, Li JP, Belting M. Cancer cell exosomes depend on cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans for their internalization and functional activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (2013) 110(43):17380-5. doi:10.1073/pnas.1304266110
44. Guescini M, Genedani S, Stocchi V, Agnati LF. Astrocytes and glioblastoma cells release exosomes carrying mtDNA. J Neural Transm (2010) 117:1-4. doi:10.1007/s00702-009-0288-8