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Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-144

The Future of Glycerol New Uses of a Versatile Raw Material

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EID: 84897872339     PISSN: 17577039     EISSN: 17577047     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (205)
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    • (2003) Adv. Synth. Catal. , vol.345 , pp. 383
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    • E. C. Venancio, W. T. Napporn and A. J. Motheo, Electrooxidation of glycerol on platinum dispersed in polyaniline matrices. Electrochim. Acta, 2002, 47, 1495.
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    • Venancio, E.C.1    Napporn, W.T.2    Motheo, A.J.3
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    • Pt, Pt-Pd and Pt-Pd/Ru nanoparticles entrapped polyaniline electrodes: A potent electrocatalyst towards the oxidation of glycerol
    • A. Nirmala Grace and K. Pandian, Pt, Pt-Pd and Pt-Pd/Ru nanoparticles entrapped polyaniline electrodes: A potent electrocatalyst towards the oxidation of glycerol. Electroch. Comm., 2006, 8, 1340.
    • (2006) Electroch. Comm. , vol.8 , pp. 1340
    • Nirmala Grace, A.1    Pandian, K.2
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    • ed.M. L. Schlossman, Weimar, Texas: C.H.I.P.S. Books, 3rd edn
    • R. K. Chaudhuri, Dihydroxyacetone: chemistry and applications, in Self-tanning products, chemistry and manufacture of cosmetics, vol. 3, ed.M. L. Schlossman, Weimar, Texas: C.H.I.P.S. Books, 3rd edn, 2002.
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    • For instance, by Soliance in France
    • For instance, by Soliance in France (www.groupesoliance.com).
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    • K. Nabe, N. Izuo, S. Yamada and I. Chibata, Conversion of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone by immobilized whole cells of Acetobacter xylinum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1979, 38, 1056.
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    • Nabe, K.1    Izuo, N.2    Yamada, S.3    Chibata, I.4
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    • Study of the inhibitory effect of the product dihydroxyacetone on Gluconobacter oxidans in a semi-continuous two-stage repeated-fed-batch process
    • R. Bauer, N. Katsikis, S. Varga and D. Hekmat, Study of the inhibitory effect of the product dihydroxyacetone on Gluconobacter oxidans in a semi-continuous two-stage repeated-fed-batch process. Bioprocess Biosyst. Engin., 2005, 28, 37.
    • (2005) Bioprocess Biosyst. Engin. , vol.28 , pp. 37
    • Bauer, R.1    Katsikis, N.2    Varga, S.3    Hekmat, D.4
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    • Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels
    • The NEB for corn grain ethanol is small, providing 25% more energy than is required for its production, mostly due to the high energy input required to produce corn and to convert it into ethanol. Almost all of the NEB is attributable to the energy credit for its dry grain with solubles (DDGS) co-product, which is animal feed
    • J. Hill, E. Nelson, D. Tilman, S. Polasky and D. Tiffany, Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2006, 103, 1206. The NEB for corn grain ethanol is small, providing 25% more energy than is required for its production, mostly due to the high energy input required to produce corn and to convert it into ethanol. Almost all of the NEB is attributable to the energy credit for its dry grain with solubles (DDGS) co-product, which is animal feed.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.103 , pp. 1206
    • Hill, J.1    Nelson, E.2    Tilman, D.3    Polasky, S.4    Tiffany, D.5
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    • Ethanol production using corn, switchgrass, and wood; Biodiesel production using soybean and sunflower
    • Biodiesel from soybean would require 27% more energy than is required in its production, and from sunflower even 118% more
    • Biodiesel from soybean would require 27% more energy than is required in its production, and from sunflower even 118% more: D. Pimentel, T. W. Patzek, Ethanol production using corn, switchgrass, and wood; biodiesel production using soybean and sunflower. Nat. Resources Res. 2005, 14, 65.
    • (2005) Nat. Resources Res. , vol.14 , pp. 65
    • Pimentel, D.1    Patzek, T.W.2
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    • A review of 12 economic feasibility studies shows that the projected cost of biodiesel from oilseed or animal fats ranges from US$0.30-0.69 per litre, including meal and glycerol credits and the assumption of reduced capital investment costs by having the crushing and/or esterification facility added to an existing grain or tallow facility. Rough projections of the cost of biodiesel from vegetable oil and waste grease are, respectively, US$0.54-0.62 and US$0.34-0.42 per litre. With pre-tax diesel priced at US$0.18 per litre in the USA and US$0.20-0.24 per litre in some European countries, biodiesel is currently not economically viable and consequently its production is largely subsidized
    • A. Demirbas, Energ. Source, 2003, 25, 457. A review of 12 economic feasibility studies shows that the projected cost of biodiesel from oilseed or animal fats ranges from US$0.30-0.69 per litre, including meal and glycerol credits and the assumption of reduced capital investment costs by having the crushing and/or esterification facility added to an existing grain or tallow facility. Rough projections of the cost of biodiesel from vegetable oil and waste grease are, respectively, US$0.54-0.62 and US$0.34-0.42 per litre. With pre-tax diesel priced at US$0.18 per litre in the USA and US$0.20-0.24 per litre in some European countries, biodiesel is currently not economically viable and consequently its production is largely subsidized.
    • (2003) Energ. Source , vol.25 , pp. 457
    • Demirbas, A.1
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    • Anaerobic fermentation Sustainability of Bioglycerol 121 of glycerol: A path to economic viability for the biofuels industry
    • Very few microorganisms are capable of digesting glycerol in an oxygen-free environment. Recently scientists have discovered that E. coli is in fact able to metabolize glycerol in a purely fermentative manner by identifying the metabolic processes and conditions that allow a known strain of E. coli to convert glycerol into ethanol
    • Very few microorganisms are capable of digesting glycerol in an oxygen-free environment. Recently scientists have discovered that E. coli is in fact able to metabolize glycerol in a purely fermentative manner by identifying the metabolic processes and conditions that allow a known strain of E. coli to convert glycerol into ethanol: S. Shams Yazdania, R. Gonzalez, Anaerobic fermentation Sustainability of Bioglycerol 121 of glycerol: a path to economic viability for the biofuels industry, Current Opin. Biotechnol., 2007, 18, 213.
    • (2007) Current Opin. Biotechnol. , vol.18 , pp. 213
    • Shams Yazdania, S.1    Gonzalez, R.2
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    • The spot price or spot rate of a commodity, a security or a currency is the price that is quoted for immediate (spot) settlement (payment and delivery). See also
    • The spot price or spot rate of a commodity, a security or a currency is the price that is quoted for immediate (spot) settlement (payment and delivery). See also, Oleoline glycerol market report: http://www.oleoline.com/reports. html.
    • Oleoline Glycerol Market Report
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    • The product (termed NExBTL) is a synthetic diesel fuel, free of oxygen and aromatic compounds. Side-products include propane, petroleum, gasoline, CO and CO2. The first NExBTL production plant with a rated annual capacity of 170 000 tonnes came on stream in Finland in the summer of 2007. For detailed information, see
    • The product (termed NExBTL) is a synthetic diesel fuel, free of oxygen and aromatic compounds. Side-products include propane, petroleum, gasoline, CO and CO2. The first NExBTL production plant with a rated annual capacity of 170 000 tonnes came on stream in Finland in the summer of 2007. For detailed information, see: http://www.nesteoil.com.
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    • Combating the glycerol glut
    • September
    • D. Nilles, Combating the glycerol glut, Biodiesel Magazine, September 2006.
    • (2006) Biodiesel Magazine
    • Nilles, D.1
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    • June 15, Glycerol glut sends prices plummeting
    • G. Graff, Purchasing (June 15, 2006), Glycerol glut sends prices plummeting, http://www.purchasing.com/article/CA6341035.html.
    • (2006) Purchasing
    • Graff, G.1
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    • No 71, 13 December, This comprehensive quarterly, published by the glycerol market brokers HBI is recognized as an industry reference by most of the major players in the glycerol market. HBI sold over 150 000 tonnes of glycerol in 2006, more than 10% of the total world market, including an important share in both China and the USA
    • M. P. D. Heming, Glycerine Market Report, No 71, 13 December 2005, http://www.oleoline.com/admin/oleoftp/marketreport/samples/Q-glycerol-sample. pdf. This comprehensive quarterly, published by the glycerol market brokers HBI is recognized as an industry reference by most of the major players in the glycerol market. HBI sold over 150 000 tonnes of glycerol in 2006, more than 10% of the total world market, including an important share in both China and the USA.
    • (2005) Glycerine Market Report
    • Heming, M.P.D.1
  • 201
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    • June 14, Glycerol prices tick up in 2007 as imports slow to a trickle
    • G. Graff, Purchasing (June 14, 2007) Glycerol prices tick up in 2007 as imports slow to a trickle, http://www.purchasing.com/article/CA6450783.html.
    • (2007) Purchasing
    • Graff, G.1
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    • In February 2007 the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a report to members of the US Congress entitled, "Uncertainty about future oil supply makes it important to develop a strategy for addressing a peak and decline in oil production". The report examined 22 studies for estimated timing of peak oil production; 18 forecast peak production before or around 2040, with 2 more by 2050
    • In February 2007 the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a report to members of the US Congress entitled, "Uncertainty about future oil supply makes it important to develop a strategy for addressing a peak and decline in oil production". The report examined 22 studies for estimated timing of peak oil production; 18 forecast peak production before or around 2040, with 2 more by 2050. http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d07283.pdf.
  • 204
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    • Glycerol as a source for fuels and chemicals by low-temperature catalytic processing
    • R. R. Soares, D. A. Simonetti and J. A. Dumesic, Glycerol as a source for fuels and chemicals by low-temperature catalytic processing, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2006, 45, 3982.
    • (2006) Angew. Chem. Int. , vol.45 , pp. 3982
    • Soares, R.R.1    Simonetti, D.A.2    Dumesic, J.A.3
  • 205
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    • Seven Stories Press, New York
    • L. Napoleoni, Rogue Economics, Seven Stories Press, New York, 2008.
    • (2008) Rogue Economics
    • Napoleoni, L.1


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