Infection hospitalization increases risk of dementia in the elderly

Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 1037-1046

  Tate, Judith A ^a   Snitz, Beth E ^b   Alvarez, Karina A ^c   Nahin, Richard L ^d   Weissfeld, Lisa A ^b,c   Lopez, Oscar ^b   Angus, Derek C ^b   Shah, Faraaz ^e   Ives, Diane G ^c   Fitzpatrick, Annette L ^f   Williamson, Jeffrey D ^g   Arnold, Alice M ^f   DeKosky, Steven T ^h   Yende, Sachin ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^g WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

Author keywords

dementia; infection; older adults; pneumonia

Indexed keywords

GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT;

AGED; ARTICLE; COGNITION; COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMENTIA; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HEART DISEASE; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEMORY; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PHYSICAL CAPACITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SMOKING; UNITED STATES;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DEMENTIA; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; MALE; PNEUMONIA; PREVALENCE; PROPENSITY SCORE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; RISK; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84897381357     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: 15300293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000123     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Brookmeyer R, Johnson E, Ziegler-Graham K, et al: Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2007; 3:186-191
2. Thies W, Bleiler L: 2011 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 2011; 7:208-244
3. Weaver JD, Huang MH, Albert M, et al: Interleukin-6 and risk of cognitive decline: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Neurology 2002; 59:371-378
4. Yaffe K, Lindquist K, Penninx BW, et al: Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders. Neurology 2003; 61:76-80
5. Ravaglia G, Forti P, Maioli F, et al: Blood inflammatory markers and risk of dementia: The Conselice Study of Brain Aging. Neurobiol Aging 2007; 28:1810-1820
6. Engelhart MJ, Geerlings MI, Meijer J, et al: Inflammatory proteins in plasma and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam study. Arch Neurol 2004; 61:668-672
7. Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Curb JD, et al: Early inflammation and dementia: A 25-year follow-up of the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Ann Neurol 2002; 52:168-174
8. Yende S, D'Angelo G, Kellum JA, et al; GenIMS Investigators: Inflammatory markers at hospital discharge predict subsequent mortality after pneumonia and sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177:1242-1247
9. Kale S, Yende S, Kong L, et al; GenIMS Investigators: The effects of age on inflammatory and coagulation-fibrinolysis response in patients hospitalized for pneumonia. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13852
10. Richwine AF, Parkin AO, Buchanan JB, et al: Architectural changes to CA1 pyramidal neurons in adult and aged mice after peripheral immune stimulation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008; 33:1369-1377
11. Qin L, Wu X, Block ML, et al: Systemic LPS causes chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. Glia 2007; 55:453-462
12. Chen J, Buchanan JB, Sparkman NL, et al: Neuroinflammation and disruption in working memory in aged mice after acute stimulation of the peripheral innate immune system. Brain Behav Immun 2008; 22:301-311
13. Brydon L, Harrison NA, Walker C, et al: Peripheral inflammation is associated with altered substantia nigra activity and psychomotor slowing in humans. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 63:1022-1029
14. Krabbe KS, Reichenberg A, Yirmiya R, et al: Low-dose endotoxemia and human neuropsychological functions. Brain Behav Immun 2005; 19:453-460
15. Reichenberg A, Yirmiya R, Schuld A, et al: Cytokine-associated emotional and cognitive disturbances in humans. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58:445-452
16. Iwashyna TJ, Ely EW, Smith DM, et al: Long-term cognitive impairment and functional disability among survivors of severe sepsis. JAMA 2010; 304:1787-1794
17. Jackson JC, Hart RP, Gordon SM, et al: Six-month neuropsychological outcome of medical intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1226-1234
18. Hopkins RO, Weaver LK, Chan KJ, et al: Quality of life, emotional, and cognitive function following acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2004; 10:1005-1017
19. Hopkins RO, Weaver LK, Collingridge D, et al: Two-year cognitive, emotional, and quality-of-life outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:340-347
20. Ehlenbach WJ, Hough CL, Crane PK, et al: Association between acute care and critical illness hospitalization and cognitive function in older adults. JAMA 2010; 303:763-770
21. Fry AM, Shay DK, Holman RC, et al: Trends in hospitalizations for pneumonia among persons aged 65 years or older in the United States, 1988-2002. JAMA 2005; 294:2712-2719
22. Hebert PL, McBean AM, Kane RL: Explaining trends in hospitalizations for pneumonia and influenza in the elderly. Med Care Res Rev 2005; 62:560-582
23. Wier LM, Pfuntner A, Maeda J, et al: HCUP Facts and Figures: Statistics on Hospital-Based Care in the United States, 2009. Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2011
24. DeKosky ST, Fitzpatrick A, Ives DG, et al; GEMS Investigators: The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study: Design and baseline data of a randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract in prevention of dementia. Contemp Clin Trials 2006; 27:238-253
25. DeKosky ST, Williamson JD, Fitzpatrick AL, et al; Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators: Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008; 300:2253-2262
26. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, et al: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1984; 34:939-944
27. Erkinjuntti T: Clinical criteria for vascular dementia: The NINDS-AIREN criteria. Dementia 1994; 5:189-192
28. Rockwood K, Parhad I, Hachinski V, et al: Diagnosis of vascular dementia: Consortium of Canadian Centres for Clinical Cognitive Research consensus statement. Can J Neurol Sci 1994; 21:358-364
29. Chui HC, Mack W, Jackson JE, et al: Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of vascular dementia: A multicenter study of comparability and interrater reliability. Arch Neurol 2000; 57:191-196
30. Teng EL, Chui HC: The Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:314-318
31. Rosen WG, Mohs RC, Davis KL: A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1984; 141:1356-1364
32. Morris JC: The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules. Neurology 1993; 43:2412-2414
33. Lopez OL, Becker JT, Klunk W, et al: Research evaluation and diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease over the last two decades: I. Neurology 2000; 55:1854-1862
34. Lopez OL, Kuller LH, Fitzpatrick A, et al: Evaluation of dementia in the cardiovascular health cognition study. Neuroepidemiology 2003; 22:1-12
35. Guevara RE, Butler JC, Marston BJ, et al: Accuracy of ICD-9-CM codes in detecting community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia for incidence and vaccine efficacy studies. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 149:282-289
36. Fine MJ, Smith MA, Carson CA, et al: Prognosis and outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1996; 275:134-141
37. Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB: The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 1983; 70:41-55
38. Austin PC: Goodness-of-fit diagnostics for the propensity score model when estimating treatment effects using covariate adjustment with the propensity score. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2008; 17:1202-1217
39. Roy B, Pawar PP, Desai RV, et al: A propensity-matched study of the association of diabetes mellitus with incident heart failure and mortality among community-dwelling older adults. Am J Cardiol 2011; 108:1747-1753
40. Nagin DS, Odgers CL: Group-based trajectory modeling in clinical research. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2010; 6:109-138
41. Rosenbaum PR: Sensitivity to hidden bias. In: Observational Studies. Second Edition. Rosenbaum PR (Ed). New York, NY, Springer-Verlag, 2002, pp 110-124
42. Jones BL, Nagin DS: Advances in group-based trajectory modeling and an SAS procedure for estimating them. Sociol Methods Res 2007; 35:542-571
43. Yende S, Angus DC, Ali IS, et al: Influence of comorbid conditions on long-term mortality after pneumonia in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 55:518-525
44. Kaplan V, Angus DC, Griffin MF, et al: Hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: Age- and sex-related patterns of care and outcome in the United States. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165:766-772
45. Cunningham C, Campion S, Lunnon K, et al: Systemic inflammation induces acute behavioral and cognitive changes and accelerates neurodegenerative disease. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 65: 304-312
46. Shah FA, Pike F, Alvarez K, et al: Bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188:586-592
47. Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al: A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 2005; 173:489-495
48. Morley JE, Haren MT, Rolland Y, et al: Frailty. Med Clin North Am 2006; 90:837-847
49. Sligl WI, Eurich DT, Marrie TJ, et al: Only severely limited, premorbid functional status is associated with short- and long-term mortality in patients with pneumonia who are critically ill: A prospective observational study. Chest 2011; 139:88-94
50. Sligl WI, Majumdar SR: How important is age in defining the prognosis of patients with community-acquired pneumonia? Curr Opin Infect Dis 2011; 24:142-147