South Africa's weapons of mass destruction

South Africa's Weapons of Mass Destruction

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 1-322

  Purkitt, Helen E ^a   Burgess, Stephen F ^b,c  

^a UNITED STATES NAVAL ACADEMY   (United States)

^b Department of International Security Studies   (United States)

^c US Air Force Counterproliferation Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84896196672     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (385)

1. Analysis of the TRC Report by the SADF Contact Bureau. Pretoria, South Africa, May 28, 1993.
2. Badenhorst, Nick. "South Africa's Nuclear Program." Unpublished manuscript, May 2000.
3. Barletta, Michael, Christina Ellington, and Zondi Masiza. "South Africa's Nuclear History: An Annotated Chronology, 1944-1999." Unpublished manuscript, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Monterey, Calif., March 1999.
4. Burgess, Stephen F., and Helen E. Purkitt. "The Rollback of the South African Chemical and Biological Warfare Program." Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: USAF Counterproliferation Center, 2001.
5. Christie, Renfrew. "South Africa's Nuclear History." Paper presented at Nuclear History Program Fourth International Conference, Nice, France, June 23-27, 1993.
6. Davis, Lynn E. Testimony before the U. S. House of Representatives Committee on Appropriations, Foreign Operations Appropriations, Export Financing and Related Programs FY96, Federal Document Clearing House, Congressional Testimony, April 4, 1995.
7. De Klerk, F. W. Speech in Parliament, Republic of South Africa. Debates of Parliament (Hansard), 5th Session-9th Parliament (Cape Town, 1993), vol. 8, cols. 3576-3574.
8. de Waal, Tielman. Presentation to the Foreign Correspondent's Association, Pretoria, South Africa, July 13, 1994.
9. Gould, C., and M. Burger. Weekly Trial Reports of the South African Chemical and Biological Warfare Programme. Centre for Conflict Resolution, University of Cape Town. Available online at http://ccrweb.ccr.uct.ac.za/cbw/ cbw-index.html.
10. Hymans, Jacques. "Taking the Plunge: Emotion and Identity in the Decision to Build Nuclear Weapons." Paper presented to the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, D. C., September 2000.
11. Marais, Major General Dirk (Ret.). The Military in a Political Arena: The South African Defence Force (SADF) and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Pretoria, June 2000.
12. The Military in a Political Arena: The South African Defence Force (SADF) and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), Pretoria, South Africa, June 2000.
13. Mills, G. "South Africa: The Total National Strategy and Region Policy During the Botha Years, 1978-1989." Doctoral dissertation, University of Lancaster, United Kingdom, 1990.
14. Purkitt, Helen E. "The Politics of Denuclearization: The Case of South Africa." Final report to the Institute for National Strategic Studies, U. S. Air Force Academy, November 9, 1994.
15. -. "The Politics of Denuclearization: The Case of South Africa." Paper presented at the Defense Nuclear Agency's Fourth Annual International Conference on Controlling Arms, Philadelphia, Pa., June 21, 1995.
16. Purkitt, Helen E., and Stephen Burgess. "Changing Course and Responding to Negative Feedback: A Case of Sequential Decision-Making in South Africa, 1989-94." Paper presented at the symposium Responding to Negative Feedback in Foreign Policy Decision-Making, Center for Presidential Studies, Bush School of Government and Public Service, College Station, Tex., May 18-20, 2001.
17. Purkitt, Helen E., with scientific support by Dr. Virgen R. Wells. "What's Over the Biotechnological Horizon? Biological R&D Trends in South Africa and Implications for Future Efforts for Monitoring Future Dual Use Biotechnology Trends in the Developing World." Report prepared for the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., December 2003.
18. Roberts, Guy B. "Arms Control Without Arms Control: The Failure of the Biological Weapons Convention Protocol and a New Paradigm for Fighting the Threat of Biological Weapons." Institute for National Security Studies Occasional Paper 49, U. S. Air Force Academy, March 2003.
19. Sokolski, Henry. "Ending South Africa's Rocket Program: A Nonproliferation Success." Unpublished paper. Washington, D. C.: Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, August 27, 1996. Available online at http://www.npec-web.org/essay/southafrica.htm.
20. Sole, Donald B. "The South African Nuclear Case in the Light of Recent Revelations." Paper presented at the conference New Horizons in Arms Control and Verification. John G. Tower Center for Policy Studies, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Tex., October 1993.
21. South Africa: A Question of Principle: Arms Trade and Human Rights. Human Rights Watch 12, no. 5 A (October 2000). Available online at http://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/safrica.
22. South Africa. Department of Defence. Defence in a Democracy: White Paper on National Defence. Pretoria: Government Printer, 1996. Available online at http://www.gov. za/whitepaper/1996/defencwp.htm.
23. South Africa. Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Hearings of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Available online at www.doj.gov. za/trc.
24. The State v Wouter Basson. Vol. II: Drugs, Murder, Conspiracy and Related Charges. High Court of South Africa, n. d.
25. Stumpf, Waldo. "The Accession of a 'Threshold State' to the NPT: The South African Experience", presentation given at the Conference on Nuclear Non-Proliferation: The Challenge of a New Era, The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, D. C., November 17-18, 1993.
26. -. "South Africa's Limited Nuclear Deterrent Programme and the Dismantling Thereof Prior to South Africa's Accession to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty." Address at the South African Embassy, Washington, D. C., July 23, 1993.
27. U. S. Department of State. "U. S. and South Africa Missile Nonproliferation Agreement." U. S. Department of State Fact Sheet, October 1994.
28. Wingeart, Paul H. "Nuclear Proliferation: Factors, Reasons, and Remedies." B. S. Honors Thesis, Department of Political Science, United States Naval Academy, 1995.
29. Ackermann, Anton. Chief prosecutor, Basson trial. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
30. Asmal, Dr. Kader and other members of the ANC Executive Committee. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 1994.
31. Badenhorst, Nick. Independent defense analyst. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Port Elizabeth, July 1994 and 2000.
32. Bolick, Daniel C. Supervisory special agent on assignment in South Africa. Interview by Helen Purkitt, Pretoria, July 2000.
33. Botha, Roelof "Pik." Former South African foreign minister. Telephone interview by Helen Purkitt, Pretoria, July 13, 2000.
34. Boulden, Laurie. RPI Consulting Company. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 21, 2000.
35. Brand, Robert. Reporter, The Star (Johannesburg). Interview by Helen Purkitt, Cape Town, July 2000. Brand covered the Project Coast hearings at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
36. Byron, Thomas. Former pilot and associate of Dr. Larry Ford. Telephone interviews by Helen Purkitt. October 2001 through November 2002.
37. Brummer, Stefaans. Reporter. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. July 4, 2000.
38. Burger, Marléne. Journalist, Centre for Conflict Resolution. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
39. -. Telephone interviews with Helen Purkitt. July 2002 and May 2003.
40. Buys, Professor Andre. Director of Institute for Technical Innovation, University of Pretoria. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. June 14, 2000.
41. Campher, Gabriel. Joint Committee on Defense, Parliamentary Monitoring Group. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 17, 2000.
42. Carus, Dr. Seth. National Defense University, Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 26, 2000.
43. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Washington, D. C., June 2002.
44. Cawthra, Dr. Gavin. Center for Defense Management, University of the Witwatersrand. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Johannesburg, July 4, 2000.
45. Christie, Dr. Renfrew. Director of Research, University of Western Cape, Belleville. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Belleville, June 26, 2000.
46. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt, Belleville, July 1994; Cape Town, July 16, 2002 and July 8, 2003.
47. Cilliers, Dr. Jakkie. Director, Institute of Security Studies. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 12, 2000.
48. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt, Halfway House, July 3, 1994; and Pretoria, July 4, 2000.
49. Cohen, Dr. Henry. Assistant secretary of state for Africa, 1989-1993 and Cohen and Woods International. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. May 15, 2000.
50. Cornwall, Dr. Richard. Institute of Security Studies, Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 3, 2000.
51. Courville, Dr. Cindy. Defense Intelligence Agency, Africa, Washington, D. C. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 22, 2000.
52. Crawford-Browne, Terry. Economists Allied for Arms Reduction, Cape Town. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Cape Town, June 26, 2000.
53. Crocker, Dr. Chester. Former assistant secretary of state for Africa, 1981-1989, now at Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, Georgetown University. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. May 15, 2000.
54. De Beer, Hannelie. Former South African military intelligence officer, now at Institute of Security Strategic Studies. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 3, 2000.
55. Ferguson, Colonel Mike. Defense Intelligence Agency. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 23, 2000.
56. Fourie, Professor Deon. Military historian, University of Pretoria. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, June 1994.
57. Geldenhuys, General Jannie (Ret.). Former SADF chief of staff. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
58. Goosen, Dr. Daan. Former Project Coast scientist. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, June 24, 2003.
59. Goosen, Peter. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Office of Non-Proliferation. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 15, 2000.
60. Gould, Chandré. Researcher, Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Centre for Conflict Resolution. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Johannesburg, June 29, 2000.
61. Grissom, Adam, Don Hammond, and Chuck Ikins. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Africa. Interviews by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 22 and August 31, 2000.
62. Heitman, Helmoed-Romer. Reporter and correspondent, Jane's Defense Weekly and expert on South African defense matters. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Cape Town, June 26, 2000.
63. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 1994;
64. Henningsen, Colonel Kim (Ret.). U. S. defense attaché in South Africa, 1993-1997, Pretoria. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, June 1994.
65. Jager, Dr. Hans. Former director of research and development, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, now director of research and development, Avimune Pty Ltd. Interview by H. Purkitt. Durban, July 1, 2003.
66. Joubert, Brigadier Joep (Ret.). SADF Army Intelligence and Civil Cooperation Bureau. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 23, 2000.
67. Joynt, Dr. Vernon. Mechem and the Council for Scientific Research. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 14, 2000.
68. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 2, 2002.
69. Knobel, Dr. Niels. Former surgeon general (1988-1995). Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 15, 2000.
70. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 3, 2002.
71. Kudlinski, Mr. Andre. Acting director, Chemical and Allied Industries Division, Department of Science and Technology. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, June 25, 2003.
72. Lyman, Princeton. Former ambassador to South Africa, 1992-1996, now at U. S. Institute of Peace, Washington, D. C. Interviews by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 25, 2000 and August 31, 2000.
73. Machem, Major Walter. Army attaché, U. S. Embassy. Interview by H. Purkitt. Pretoria, June 2000.
74. Mahley, Ambassador Donald. U. S. State Department. Interviews by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 25 and August 31, 2000.
75. Malan, General Magnus (Ret.). Army chief, South Africa, 1971-1976; SADF chief, 1976-1980;
76. minister of defense, 1980-1991. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria. June 23, 2000.
77. Malan, Mark. Former SADF officer and senior researcher at the Institute for Strategic Studies, South Africa. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 23, 2000.
78. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 3, 2000.
79. Mangold, Tom. Senior author of The Plague Wars. Telephone interview by Helen Purkitt. June 2000.
80. Marais, General Dirk. Former SADF general and current head of SADF communications with SANDF. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 13, 2000.
81. Marutle, Colonel Raymond, defense and military attaché, and other military and political officials at South African Embassy. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Washington, D. C., January 2003.
82. Maynier, David. Senior researcher, DP Parliamentarian. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 2000.
83. McConnell, Colonel Bernd. Deputy assistant secretary of defense for Africa, Office of Secretary for Defense/African Affairs, the Pentagon. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., August 30, 2000.
84. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt, Annapolis, Md., 1995 and Washington, D. C., 2000.
85. Meiring, General Georg (Ret.). Former SADF chief of staff and SANDF chief of staff, 1993-1998. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, July 3, 2000.
86. Mills, Dr. Greg. Director of South African Institute of International Affairs, University of the Witwatersrand. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Johannesburg, July 1994 and July 1997.
87. Moorsman, Gaile. Parliamentary Monitoring Group. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 2000.
88. Mortimer, Major General Deon (Ret.). Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 23, 2000.
89. Muller, Professor Frank Otto. Managing director, Scientific & Regulatory Affairs, QdotPharma. Interview by H. Purkitt. George, South Africa, July 3, 2003.
90. Orbann, Carl. Woods and Cohen Company. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 23, 2000.
91. Ottaway, Dr. Marina. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 23, 2000.
92. Parrachini, Dr. John. Monterey Institute. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 23, 2000.
93. Pauw, Jacques. Producer, SABC TV. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Johannesburg, June 29, 2000.
94. Phillips, Dr. Ian. INFOTECH and ANC defense expert, Pretoria. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
95. Polleciett, Laura. Executive director, Freedom of Expression Institute. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Johannesburg, July 7, 2000.
96. Potgieter, De Wet. Journalist, Pretoria. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
97. Powell, Ivor. Expert on arms sales. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. July 4, 2000.
98. Pretorius, Dr. Torie. Prosecutor in Basson case. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 20, 2000.
99. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 2000 and July 5, 2002.
100. Pringle, Robert. U. S. deputy ambassador to South Africa, 1996-1999. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Washington, D. C., June 2000.
101. Prior, Patti. Advocate, Legal Department, Truth and Reconciliation Committee. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 2000.
102. Ray, Victor. Police detective on Larry Ford case, Irvine, California. Oral and telephone interviews by Helen E. Purkitt. September 2001 through December 2002.
103. Redman, Colonel (Ret.). South African military officer. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Windhoek, Namibia, July 1997.
104. Rosen, Captain Jeff. U. S. Navy. Interview by Helen Purkitt, Annapolis, Md., May, 1995.
105. Ryder, Colonel Dennis. Defense attaché, Pretoria. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, June, 2000.
106. Sass, General Bill (Ret.). SADF, former member of State Security Council and Chief of Operations. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Halfway House, South Africa, July 5, 1994, and Pretoria, June 24, 2000.
107. -. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. June 12, 2000.
108. Schalwyk, Brigadier General Phillip (Ret.). Democratic Party Member of Parliament and senior military adviser to the Democratic Party. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 12, 2000.
109. Scharf, Dr. G. Former Director of Medical Hospital One (Pretoria) and former SADF Special Forces M. D. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, July 6, 2000.
110. Schoub, Dr. Barry D. Executive director, National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Johannesburg, June 24, 2003.
111. Seegers, Professor Annette. Department of Political Science, Cape Town University. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, June 4, 2000.
112. Smith, Dr. Deon. Denel and former ARMSCOR manager. Interview by Helen Purkitt. July 1994.
113. Smith, Lieutenant Colonel Johann (Ret.). Former SADF liaison with UNITA in 1980s, now advisor to South African government on Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 30, 2000.
114. Snyder, Charles. U. S. Department of State. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 24, 2000.
115. Spivak, Matthew A. Second political secretary, U. S. Embassy, Pretoria. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria, June 2000.
116. Stallard, Jim. Vice president, General Dynamics. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Washington, D. C., January-March 2002.
117. Steenkamp, Willem. Former SADF officer and military journalist, Cape Town. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 1994 and July 21, 2000.
118. Steward, David. Executive director, De Klerk Foundation and President de Klerk's chief of staff, 1989-1994. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Cape Town, June 26, 2000.
119. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town, July 17, 2000.
120. Steyn, Lieutenant General Pierre (Ret.). Former South African Air Force officer who headed the 1992 Steyn Commission investigation. Interview by Stephen Burgess. July 3, 2000.
121. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt, Pretoria, July 1994 and July 1997, and Cape Town, July 2000.
122. Stiff, Peter. Writer, Pretoria. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. June 28, 2000.
123. -. Telephone interview by Helen Purkitt. July 12, 2000.
124. Stumpf, Waldo. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pelindaba, July 1994.
125. Sullivan, Linda, and Elizabeth Manak. CIA. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Langley, Va., August 31, 2000.
126. Thirion, General Chris (Ret.). Former chief of SADF Military Intelligence, 1987-1992. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, June 13, 2000.
127. Thom, William. Defense Intelligence Agency and director, Africa Program. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C., May 22, 2000.
128. -. Interview by Helen Purkitt. May 2000.
129. Thomashausen, Prof. Andre. Law professor. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Johannesburg. June 19, 2000.
130. Thornycroft, Peta. Journalist. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess. June 12, 2000.
131. Turton, Anthony R. Head, African Water Issues Research Unit, University of Pretoria and former SADF Special Forces Officer. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Pretoria. July 2000.
132. Venter, Zelda. Reporter, Pretoria News. Interview by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria. June 21, 2000.
133. Villa-Vicencia, Dr. Charles. Former senior investigator for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and current head, Institute for Justice and Reconciliation. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Cape Town. July 2000.
134. Whelan, Theresa. Africa analyst, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Department of Defense. Interviews by Stephen Burgess. Washington, D. C. May 22 and August 31, 2000.
135. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. Midrand, 1995 and Pretoria, 2000.
136. Williams, Rocky. Institute for Strategic Studies and former ANC intelligence officer, 1979-1994. Interviews by Stephen Burgess. Pretoria, South Africa, June 15 and 30, 2002.
137. -. Interviews by Helen Purkitt. July 1994 and July 5, 2003.
138. Woods, James. Deputy Assistant secretary of defense for Africa, 1992-1994 and Cohen and Woods, International. Telephone interview by Stephen Burgess, May 15, 2000.
139. Z, Mr. Former intelligence officer for Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging. Interview by Helen Purkitt. Port Elizabeth. July 2000.
140. Adams, James. The Unnatural Alliance: Israel and South Africa. New York: Quartet Books, 1984.
141. African National Congress. The Reconstruction and Development Programme: A Policy Framework. Johannesburg, South Africa: Umanyano Publications, 1994.
142. Albright, David. South Africa's Secret Nuclear Weapons. Washington, D. C.: Institute for Science and International Security Report, May 1994.
143. Albright, David, Frans Berkhout, and William Walker. Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium 1996: World Inventories, Capabilities and Policies. New York: Oxford University Press for Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 1996.
144. Albright, David, and Kevin O'Neill, eds. The Challenges of Fissile Material Control. Washington, D. C.: Institute for Science and International Security, 1999. Available online at http://www.isis-online.org/publications/ fmct/book/index.html.
145. Alden, Chris. Apartheid's Last Stand: The Rise and Fall of the South African Security State. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.
146. Alibek, Ken, with Stephen Handelman. Biohazard. New York: Random House. 1999.
147. Allison, Graham, and Philip Seiko. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. 2nd ed. New York: Longman. 1999.
148. Baker, P. The United States and South Africa: The Reagan Years. New York: Ford Foundation and Foreign Policy Association, 1989.
149. Barkawi, Tarak, and Mark Laffey, eds. Democracy, Liberalism, and War: Rethinking the Democratic Peace Debate. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001.
150. Batchelor, Peter, and Susan Willet. Disarmament and Defense Industrial Adjustment in South Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
151. Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin. The Israeli Connection: Who Israel Arms and Why. New York: Phantom Books 1987.
152. Bissell, Richard E. South Africa and the United States: The Erosion of an Influence Relationship. New York: Praeger, 1982.
153. Borstelmann, T. Apartheid's Reluctant Uncle: The United States and South Africa in the Early Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
154. Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce. Principles of International Politics: People's Power, Preferences, and Perceptions. Washington, D. C.: CQ Press, 2000.
155. Burger, Marléne, and Chandré Gould. Secrets and Lies: Wouter Basson and South Africa's Chemical and Biological Warfare Programme. Cape Town, South Africa: Zebra, 2002.
156. Burrows, William E., and Robert Windrem. Critical Mass: The Dangerous Race for Superweapons in a Fragmenting World. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.
157. Byron, T. J. Elimination Theory. Frederick, Md.: PublishAmerica, 2004.
158. Carus, W. Seth. Bioterrorism and Biocrimes: The Illicit Use of Biological Agents in the 20th Century. 3rd revision. Washington, D. C.: Center for Counterproliferation Research, National Defense University, 1998.
159. -. Working Paper Bioterrorism and Biocrimes: The Illicit Use of Biological Agents in the 20th Century. 3rd revision. Washington, D. C.: Center for Counterproliferation Research, National Defense University, 1998.
160. Cervenka, Zdenek, and Barbara Rogers. The Nuclear Axis: Secret Collaboration between West Germany and South Africa. London: Julian Friedmann, 1978.
161. Cock, Jacklyn, and Penny Mckenzie. From Defence to Development: Redirecting Military Resources in South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: David Philip, 1998.
162. Cohen, Avner. Israel and the Bomb. New York: Colombia University Press, 1999.
163. Crawford, Neta C., and Audie Klotz. How Sanctions Work: Lessons from South Africa. New York: St. Martin's, 1999.
164. Crocker, Chester A. High Noon in Southern Africa: Making Peace in a Rough Neighborhood. New York: W. W. Norton, 1992.
165. Croddy, Eric. Chemical and Biological Warfare: An Annotated Bibliography. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1997.
166. Daly, Ron R., with Peter Stiff. Selous Scouts Top Secret War. Alberton, South Africa: Galago, 1983.
167. de Klerk, F. W. The Last Trek: A New Beginning. London: Macmillan, 1998.
168. -. F. W. de Klerk: The Autobiography. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
169. de Klerk, Willem. F. W. de Klerk: The Man in His Time. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 1991.
170. de St. Jorre, J. A House Divided: South Africa's Uncertain Future. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1977.
171. Ellert, Henrik. The Rhodesian Front War: Counter-Insurgency and Guerrilla War in Rhodesia, 1962-1980. Gweru, Zimbabwe: Mambo Press, 1989.
172. Geissler, Erhard, and John Ellis van Courtland Moon, eds. Biological and Toxin Weapons: Research, Development and Use from the Middle Ages to 1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
173. Geldenhuys, Deon. The Diplomacy of Isolation: South African Foreign Policy Making. New York St. Martin's Press 1984.
174. -. A General's Story: From an Era of War and Peace. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 1995.
175. -. Isolated States: A Comparative Analysis. Johannesburg, South Africa: Jonathan Ball Publishers, 1990.
176. Gowa, Joanne S. Ballots and Bullets: The Elusive Democratic Peace. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1999.
177. Grundy, Kenneth. The Militarization of South African Politics. London, UK: Tauris, 1986.
178. Hamann, Hilton. Days of the Generals. Cape Town, South Africa: Zebra, 2001.
179. Harker, John, ed. Collaborative Security in South Africa. Ottawa: Canadian Council for International Peace and Security, 1996.
180. Hayes, Geoffrey. Middle Powers in the New World Order. Toronto: Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 1994.
181. Heitman, Helmoed-Romer. South Africa War Machine. Central News Agency, 1985.
182. -. War in Angola: The Final South African Phase. Gibraltar: Ashanti Publishing, 1990.
183. Hermann, C. F., C. W. Kelley, Jr., and James N. Rosenau. New Directions in the Study of Foreign Policy. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1987.
184. Hersh, Seymour M. The Samson Option. New York: Random House, 1991.
185. Hook, Glenn D. Militarization and Demilitarization in Contemporary Japan. London: Routledge, 1996.
186. Hough, M., and A. du Plessis, eds. Selected Official Strategic and Security Perceptions. University of Pretoria, Institute for Strategic Studies, November 2000.
187. Hounam, Peter, and Steve McQuillen. The Mini-Nuke Conspiracy: Mandela's Nuclear Nightmare. London: Faber & Faber, 1995.
188. International Atomic Energy Agency. The Agency's Verification Activities in South Africa. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, September 1993.
189. -. International Nuclear Safeguards 1994: Vision for the Future. 2 vols. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 1995.
190. Jaster, Robert S. The Defence of White Power: South African Foreign Policy Under Pressure. London: Macmillan, 1988.
191. -. South Africa's Narrowing Security Options. Adelphi Paper no. 159. London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1980.
192. Johnson, Dana J., Scott Pace, and C. Bryan Gabbard. Space: Emerging Options for National Power. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND 1998.
193. Jones, Rodney W., and Mark G. McDonough, with Toby F. Dalton and Gregory D. Koblentz. Tracking Nuclear Proliferation: A Guide in Maps and Charts, 1998. Washington, D. C.: The Brookings Institution Press, 1998.
194. Joseph, Benjamin M. Besieged Bedfellows: Israel and the Land of Apartheid. New York: Greenwood Press, 1998.
195. Lodge, Tom. Black Politics in South Africa Since 1945. London: Longman, 1983.
196. Lyman, Princeton N. Partner to History: The U. S. Role in South Africa's Transition to Democracy. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Institute of Peace Press, 2002.
197. Mangold, Tom, and Jeff Goldberg. Plague Wars: A True Story of Biological Warfare. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
198. Marcum, John. The Angolan Revolution. Vol. II, Exile Politics and Guerrilla Warfare (1962-1976). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1978.
199. Mauroni, Albert J. America's Struggle with Chemical-Biological Warfare. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2000.
200. Miller, Stephen Engelberg, and William Broad. GERMS: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001.
201. Mills, Greg, and Martin Edmonds. South Africa's Defence Industry: A Template for Middle Powers? Canberra, Australia: Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, 2001.
202. Mutimer, David. The Weapons State: Proliferation and the Framing of Security. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000.
203. Newby-Fraser, A. R. Chain Reaction. Pretoria: Pretoria Atomic Energy Board, 1979.
204. Nolan, Janne E. An Elusive Consensus: Nuclear Weapons and American Security after the Cold War. Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution, 1999.
205. O'Meara, Dan. Forty Lost Years: The Apartheid State and the Politics of the National Party, 1948-1994. Athens: Ohio State Press, 1996.
206. Orr, Wendy. From Biko to Basson. Saxonwold, South Africa: Contra Press, 2000.
207. Ottaway, Marina. South Africa: The Struggle for a New Order. Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution, 1993.
208. Paul, T. V. Power versus Prudence: Why Nations Forgo Nuclear Weapons. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2000.
209. Pauw, Jacques. Into the Heart of Darkness. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball, 1997.
210. Regis, Edward. The Biology of Doom: The History of American's Secret's Germ Warfare Project. New York: Henry Holt, 1999.
211. Reid, Ron, as told to Peter Stiff. Selous Scouts: Top Secret War. Alberton, South Africa: Galago, 1983.
212. Reiss, Mitchell. Bridled Ambition: Why Countries Constrain Their Nuclear Capabilities. Washington, D. C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1995.
213. Retief, J. V. Seismiese Beskadiging Tydens Die Kostuktiewe Gebruik Van Kernplofstowwe Raad Op Atoomkrag [Seismic Damage During the Constructive Use of Nuclear Explosives, Atomic Energy Board]. Pelindaba, Pretoria, 1972.
214. Rhoodie, Eschel. The Real Information Scandal. Pretoria, South Africa: Orbis, 1983.
215. Rosati, J. The Carter Administration's Quest for Global Community: Beliefs and Their Impact on Behavior. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1987.
216. Rosenau, James N. The Scientific Study of Foreign Policy. New York: The Free Press, 1980.
217. Sagan, Scott D., and Kenneth N. Waltz. The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate. New York: Norton, 1995.
218. Scheff, Thomas J. Bloody Revenge: Emotions, Nationalism, and War. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994.
219. Seegers, Annette. The Military in the Making of Modern South Africa. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.
220. Serfontein. J. H. P. Brotherhood of Power: An Exposé of the Secret Afrikaner Broederbond. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978.
221. Singer, Eric, and Valerie Hudson, eds. Political Psychology and Foreign Policy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1992.
222. Sisk, Tim D. Democratization in South Africa: The Elusive Social Contract. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University, 1995.
223. Sokolski, Henry D. Best of Intensions: America's Campaign against Strategic Weapons Proliferation. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2001.
224. Solomon, Brian, ed. Chemical and Biological Warfare. New York: H. W. Wilson Co., 1999.
225. South Africa. Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report. Cape Town: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 1998. Also published by New York: Macmillan Reference, 1999.
226. Sparks, Alistair. The Mind of South Africa: The Story of the Rise and Fall of South Africa. London: Mandarin, 1990.
227. -. Tomorrow Is Another Country: The Inside Story of South Africa's Road to Change. New York: Hill and Wang, 1995.
228. Spector, Leonard S., with Jacqueline R. Smith. Nuclear Ambitions: The Spread of Nuclear Weapons 1989-1990. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1990.
229. Steenkamp, Willem. South Africa's Border War, 1966-1989. Gibraltar: Asanti Publishing, 1989.
230. Steinbruner, John. The Cybernetic Theory of Decision. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1974.
231. Steyn, Hannes, Richardt van der Walt, and Jan van Loggerenberg. Armament and Disarmament: South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Experience. Pretoria, South Africa: Networks Publishers, 2003.
232. Stiff, Peter. The Silent War: South African Recce Operations, 1969-1994. Alberton, South Africa: Galago, 1999.
233. -. See You in November. Alberton, South Africa: Galago, 1985.
234. Sullivan, Michael P. Theories of International Relations: Transition vs. Persistence. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
235. Sylvan, D., and J. F. Voss, eds. Problem Representation in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
236. Thomas, Scott. The Diplomacy of Liberation: Foreign Relations of the ANC Since 1960. London: I. B. Tauris, 1996.
237. Vatcher, William H. White Laager: The Rise of Afrikaner Nationalism. New York: Praeger, 1965.
238. Waldmeir, Patti. Anatomy of a Miracle: The End of Apartheid and the Birth of the New South Africa New York: W. W. Norton, 1997.
239. Waller, Robert. Chemical and Biological Weapons and Deterrence. Case Study 2: Libya. Alexandria, Va.: Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute, 1998.
240. Walters, Ronald W. South Africa and the Bomb: Responsibility and Deterrence. Washington, D. C.: Lexington Books, 1987.
241. Waltz, Kenneth. The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: More May Be Better. Adelphi Papers no. 171. London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1981.
242. -. Theory of International Politics. New York: Random House, 1979.
243. Zilinskas, Raymond A., ed. Biological Warfare: Modern Offense and Defense. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000.
244. "A Bungled Nuclear Deal." Newsweek, July 1994, 3.
245. Abelson, R. P. "The Psychological Status of the Script Concept." American Psychologist 33(1981):273-309.
246. Africa Defence Journal's Letter from South Africa. Issue no. 3, 2002, Harare, Zimbabwe.
247. Agence France-Presse. "Armscor Used 130 Companies to Get Around Arms Embargo." June 30, 1995.
248. Albright, David. "South Africa and the Affordable Bomb." The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists (July/August 1994):37-47.
249. -. "South Africa's Secret Nuclear Weapons." Washington, D. C.: Institute for Science and International Security Report, May 1994, 1-12.
250. Albright, David, and Corey Gay. "A Flash from the Past." The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists 53, no. 6 (November 21, 1997):15ff.
251. Albright, David, and Kevin O'Neill. 1995. "Jury Rigged, but Working." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 15, no. 1, January/February, 20.
252. Allen, A. 2000. "Mad Scientist." Salon.com, June 26, 2000, available online at http://salonmag.com/health/feature/2000/06/26/biofem.
253. -. 2000. "Vaginal Detergent." Salon.com, August 9, 2000, available online at http://dir.salon.com/health/feature/2000/06/26/microbicide/ index.html?sid=860634.
254. Allison, Graham, and Andrei Kokoshin. "The New Containment: An Alliance against Nuclear Terrorism." The National Interest Journal (Fall 2002):35-43.
255. "Amazing Coup Plot Unfolds in SA Court." Cape Argus, April 18, 2002.
256. "Arms Deal Controversy Continues." Africa Analysis, May 24, 2002.
257. "Atomic Corporation Abandons French Technology Project." Sunday Independent (Johannesburg), December 14, 1997.
258. "Audit Reveals Basson Fraud." Business Day (Johannesburg), June 14, 2000.
259. Badenhorst, N. P. "The Bomb, the Missile, and the Future." Armed Forces of Southern Africa, November 1993, 27-34.
260. Beinart, Peter. "Out of Africa." The New Republic, December 26, 1994, 16, 18-20.
261. Bender, G. "Kissinger in Angola: Anatomy of Failure." In American Policy in Southern Africa: The Stakes and the Stance, 2nd ed., ed. R. Lemarchand, 65-143. Washington, D. C.: University Press of America, 1981.
262. Block, Robert. "Biohazard: Bitter Researchers Are Big Question in Germ Warfare: Closing of South African Lab in '90s Isolated Scientists Ripe for Recruitment Now Ankle-Deep in Chicken Guts." Wall Street Journal, May 20, 2002.
263. -. "A Cautionary Disarmament: South Africa's Surrender of Nuclear Arms Was Only Half the Battle." Wall Street Journal, January 31, 2003.
264. Blow, D. "Nuke Bombshell." City Press (Johannesburg), March 28, 1993.
265. -. "Nuke Bombshell: Government to Get Rhoodie Awakening." City Press (Johannesburg), April 18, 1993.
266. Bluth, Andrew and Tony Saavedra. "The Materials Are Collected at the Home of Jerry Nilsson, Who Was Questioned and Released." Orange County Register, April 2, 2000.
267. Bridgland, Fred. "South Africa Scraps Missile Plan After US Pressure." The Daily Telegraph, July 1, 1993.
268. Brummer, Stefaans. "SA's Arms-Dealing Underworld." Weekly Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), June 2-8, 1995, 9.
269. -. "SADF Linked to Red Mercury." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), December 20, 1995.
270. Cameron, Gavin. "Nuclear Terrorism Reconsidered." Current History (April 2000):154-157.
271. Collins, Jeff. "Ford Advised South Africa on Warfare Devices." Orange County Register, March 15, 2000.
272. -. "Suspects All Visited the Home of a South African Trade Official, Police Say." Orange Country Register, July 18, 2000.
273. Crawford, Neta C. "How Arms Embargoes Work." In How Sanctions Work: Lessons from South Africa, ed. Neta C. Crawford and Audie Klotz. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
274. Crocker, C. A. "South Africa: Strategy for Change." Foreign Affairs 59, no. 2 (Winter 1980/81):323-351.
275. "Dancing Teacher Fingered in Marike Murder Trial." South Africa Press Association, September 10, 2002.
276. Davids, Nashira. "Basson Fights Interrogation by Swiss Officials." January 26, 2003. Available online at http://www.sundaytimes. co.za/2003/01/26/news/news21.asp.
277. de Beer, Erika. "State 'Undecided' on Basson Retrial." The Herald (South Africa), November 5, 2003, 7.
278. de Ionno, Peter. "Armscor Tries to Hush Up Saddam Deals." Sunday Times (Johannesburg), July 10, 1994.
279. -. "Nuclear Scientists Threaten to Tell All." Sunday Times (Johannesburg), March 27, 1994.
280. -. "SA Military's Amazing Underground Bomb-Proof Laager." Sunday Times (Johannesburg), May 22, 1994.
281. de Lange, Fred. "Denel Drops Plans for Rocket, Missiles." The Citizen (Pretoria), July 1, 1993, 5.
282. de Villiers, J. W., Roger Jardine, and Mitchell Reiss. "Why South Africa Gave Up the Bomb." Foreign Affairs 72, no. 5 (November/December 1993):98-109.
283. "Defying the Arms Dealers." One World News Service, August 11, 1997. Available online at http://www.oneworld.org/index-oc/news/ southafrica080897.html.
284. Donaldson, Andrew. "'Dr Death' Tells His Macabre Secrets." Sunday Times (Johannesburg), July 29, 2001.
285. "'Dr. Death': South Africa's Biological Weapons Program." Summary of 60 Minutes episode, CBS. Aired November 3, 2002. Available online at http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/10/30/60minutes/main527530.shtml.
286. Evans, M. "South Africa May Have Ordered British Deaths." The Times (London), July 14, 1998, 7.
287. Fig, David. "Apartheid's Nuclear Arsenal: Deviation from Development." In From Defence to Development: Redirecting Military Resources in South Africa, Jacklyn Cock and Penny Mckenzie, eds., 163-180. Cape Town, South Africa: David Philip, 1998.
288. -. "Sanctions and the Nuclear Industry." In How Sanctions Work: Lessons from South Africa, ed. Neta C. Crawford and Audie Klotz, 75-102. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
289. Finnegan, W. "The Poison Keeper: Is an Afrikaner Doctor a Biowar Criminal?" The New Yorker, January 15, 2001, 58-75.
290. Fischer, David. "South Africa." In Nuclear Proliferation After the Cold War, ed. Robert Litwak and Mitchell Reiss, 207-230. Washington, D. C.: The Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1994.
291. Fraser, John. "SA Needs Good Military Force." Business Day, April 9, 2002.
292. Gellman, Barton. "Al Qaeda Near Biological, Chemical Arms Production. " Washington Post, March 23, 2003, A10.
293. Gertz, Bill. "S. Africa to Test Ballistic Missile." The Washington Times, May 3, 1991, A3.
294. Gould, Chandré. "More Questions Than Answers: The Ongoing Trial of Dr Wouter Basson. " Disarmament Diplomacy, no. 52 (November 2000). Available online at http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd52/52trial.htm.
295. Gould, Chandré, and Peter I. Folb. "The South African Chemical and Biological Warfare Program: An Overview." The Nonproliferation Review 7, no. 3 (Fall-Winter 2000):10-23.
296. Hermann, Charles F. "Changing Course: When Governments Choose to Redirect Foreign Policy." International Studies Quarterly 34(1990):3-21.
297. Hermann, M. G., and C. F. Hermann. "Who Makes Foreign Policy Decisions and How?" International Studies Quarterly 33(1989):361-388.
298. Hibbs, Mark. "South Africa's Secret Nuclear Program: From a PNE to a Deterrent." Nuclear Fuel, May 10, 1993, 3-6.
299. "HIV Blood Sample Frozen for Chemical Warfare, Basson Trial Hears." South African Press Association, May 25, 2000. Available online at http://www.geocities.com/project-coast/deadly.htm.
300. "History of Biowarfare." Nova Online. Available online at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/bioterror/hist-nf.html.
301. Hoffman, Gerjo. "SA Struggles into Space." Die Burger (Cape Town), June 11, 2003, 1.
302. Horton, Roy E., III. Out of (South) Africa: Pretoria's Nuclear Weapons Experience. Institute for National Security Studies Occasional Paper no. 27. Colorado Springs, USAF Institute for National Security Studies, USAF Academy, 1999.
303. Howlett, Darryl, and John Simpson. "Nuclearization and Denuclearization in South Africa." Survival Journal 35, no. 3 (Autumn 1993):157.
304. Humes, Edward. "The Medicine Man. " Los Angeles Magazine, July 2001, 95-99, 166-68.
305. Jaster, Robert S. "Pretoria's Nuclear Diplomacy." CSIS Africa Notes, no. 81 (January 22, 1988).
306. Jervis, Robert. "Political Psychology: Some Challenges and Opportunities." Political Psychology 10, no. 3(1989):481-516.
307. Kalb, Claudia. "We Have to Save Our People." Newsweek, July 24, 2000.
308. "Key Helderberg Evidence Uncovered." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), March 10, 2001.
309. Koch, Eddie, and Derek Fleming. "Bizarre Experiments at SADF Research Firms." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), December 15, 1994.
310. Laufer, Stephen, and Arthur Gavshon. "The Real Reasons for South Africa's Nukes." Weekly Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), March 26-April 1, 1993, 3.
311. Lawrence, Jeremy. "Marathon Trial That Went Nowhere" Sunday Times (Johannesburg), April 14, 2002. Available online at http://www. sundaytimes.co.za/2002/04/14/insight/in02.asp.
312. Le Roux, Mariette. "Boeremag Treason Trial Starts." The Herald (Port Elizabeth), May 16, 2003.
313. -. "PW Advised Rightwingers." The Herald (Port Elizabeth), August 22, 2002.
314. "Letter from South Africa." Africa Defence Journal, no. 3 (2002).
315. Liberman, Peter. "The Rise and Fall of the South African Bomb." International Security 26, no. 2 (Fall 2001):45-86.
316. Liebenberg, General Kat. "The Excellence of the South African Defence Force with Special Reference to My Tours of Duty as Head of The South African Defence Force, Head of The South African Army and Officer Commanding Special Forces." Address to the South African Military Historical Society. Available online on 32 Battalion Home Page, http://www.netcentral.co.uk/~cobus/ 32BAT. Accessed in 2000.
317. Loeb, Vernon. "Terrorism Trail Pulls Veil from Hard Cell." Washington Post, May 24, 2001, A3, A16.
318. Long, William J., and Suzette R. Grillot. "Ideas, Beliefs, and Nuclear Policies: The Cases of South Africa and Ukraine." The Nonproliferation Review (Spring 2000):24-40.
319. Manheim, Uzi, and Marie Colvin. "Genetic Warfare Nearing Reality." The Times (London), November 1998. Available online at http://www.peace.ca/geneticwarfare.htm.
320. Martelle, Scott, Jeff Gottlieb, and Jack Leonard. "A Doctor, a Deal Maker and a Mystery." Los Angeles Times, March 20, 2000. Available online at http://www.geocities.com/project-coast/docdeal.htm.
321. "Mbeki's History Lesson. " Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), November 1, 2002.
322. McDowell, Patrick. "South Africa's Nuclear Deterrent Aimed at Western Help: An Interview with de Waal." AP Worldstream, April 7, 1995.
323. Minty, Francois. "The Apartheid Bomb." Africa, February 1985, 60.
324. Misser, Francois. "Ebola: The Military Connection. " New African 339 (March 1996):12-14.
325. Muldoon, Timothy J. "South Africa: A Case Study in Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Rollback." National Security Studies Quarterly 5, no. 2 (Spring 1999):83-106.
326. Muller, Marie. "South Africa Crisscrosses the Nuclear Threshold." In South Africa's Defence and Security into the 21st Century, ed. William Gutteridge. Aldershot, UK: Dartmouth, 1996.
327. Murphy, Dean E. "Dr. Wouter Basson's Connections to U. S. Intelligence." Los Angeles Times, August 1, 1998.
328. Naidoo, Krish. "SA's Arms Industry: The Way Forward." Weekly Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) May 5, 1995.
329. Nass, Meryl. "Anthrax Epizootic in Zimbabwe, 1978-1980: Due to Deliberate Spread?" The PSR Quarterly 2, no. 4 (December 1992).
330. Nathan, Laurie. "The 1996 Defence White Paper: An Agenda for State Demilitarization?" In From Defence to Development: Redirecting Military Resources in South Africa, ed. Jacklyn Cock and Penny Mckenzie, 41-57. Cape Town, South Africa: David Philip, 1998.
331. Nuclear Threat Initiative. "South Africa Profile." Available online at http://www.nti.org/e-research/profiles/SAfrica/index.html.
332. Ogunbanwo, Sola. "Accelerate the Ratification of the Pelindaba Treaty." The Nonproliferation Review (Spring 2003):132-136.
333. Oppermann, Chris. "Basson's Army Buddy Blows the Whistle." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), June 27, 1997.
334. -. "How the Taxpayer Footed the Bill for Project Coast." Weekly Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), June 27, 1997.
335. Pabian, Frank V. "South Africa's Nuclear Weapon Program: Lessons for Nonproliferation Policy." The Nonproliferation Review 3, no. 1 (Fall 1995):11.
336. "Plague War: What Happened in South Africa?" Transcript of Frontline episode. Available online at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/ shows/plague/sa.
337. Power, Samantha. "The Aids Rebel." The New Yorker, May 2003.
338. Prados, John. "All Weapons Great and Small." Washington Post Book World, January 16, 2000, 7.
339. Purkitt, H. E. "The Cognitive Basis of Foreign Policy Expertise: Evidence from Intuitive Analyses of Political Novices and 'Experts' in South Africa." In Problem Representation and Political Decision Making, ed. D. Sylvan and J. Voss, 147-186. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
340. -. "A Problem Centered Approach for Understanding Foreign Policy." In Global International Policy among and within Nations, ed. S. Nagel, 79-101. New York: Marcel-Dekker, 2000.
341. Purkitt, Helen E., and Stephen F. Burgess. "Correspondence: South Africa's Nuclear Decisions." International Security 27, no. 1 (Summer 2002):186-194.
342. Purkitt, H., and James W. Dyson. "U. S. Foreign Policy towards Southern Africa during the Carter and Reagan Administrations: An Information Processing Perspective." Political Psychology 7, no. 3(1986):507-532.
343. Rademeyer Julian. "Illegal Tests on SA Prostitutes?" Pretoria News, July 22, 2000. Available online at http://www.geocities.com/project-coast/ ptabio.htm.
344. "Retrial of Wouter Basson Denied." iafrica.com, June 4, 2003. Available online at http://iafrica.com/news/sa/241910.htm.
345. Rice, Condoleezza. "Why We Know Iraq Is Lying." New York Times, January 23, 2003.
346. Roberts, Brad. "Strategies of Denial." In Countering the Proliferation and Use of Weapons of Mass Destruction, ed. Peter L. Hays, Vincent J. Jodoin, and Alan R. Van Tassel, 63-88. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.
347. Russett, Bruce M., and Harvey Starr. "From Democratic Peace to Kantian Peace: Democracy and Conflict in the International System." In Handbook of War Studies II, ed. Manus I. Midlarsky. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000.
348. "S. Africa Says Reagan Helped It Get Nuclear Fuel." Reuters World Service, January 10, 1995.
349. "SA in Satellite Race?" Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), March 12, 1999.
350. "SA staak vuurply-projek" ["South Africa Ceases Rocket-Project"]. Die Burger (Cape Town), July 1, 1993, 1.
351. Saavedra, Tony. "Surgeon Says He Doesn't Know Why He Was Subjected to a Search." Orange County Register, April 5, 2000.
352. "Safrica: Two Jailed Right-Wingers Deny Knowledge of Alleged Jailbreak 'Plot.'" BBC Worldwide Monitoring, April 9, 2002.
353. Sagan, Scott D. "Why Do States Build Nuclear Weapons? Three Models in Search of a Bomb." International Security 21, no. 3 (Winter 1996/97):69-71.
354. "SANDF Post Sought by Warfare Expert, 'General' Basson Wants His Job Back." The Herald (Port Elizabeth), June 6, 2003, 1.
355. Schmidt, Michael. "Proof of SA Nuclear Plan. " Sunday Times (Johannesburg), October 12, 2003, 5.
356. Schonteich, Martin. "The Power to Disrupt." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), September, 19, 2002.
357. "Seniors Should Take Rap for Killings, Assassin Tells Basson Trial." South African Press Association, May 11, 2000.
358. Sokolski, Henry. "Ending South Africa's Rocket Program: A Nonproliferation Success." Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, Washington, D. C., Fall 1993. Available online at http://www.npec-web.org/essay/ southafrica.htm.
359. Solingen, Etel. "The Political Economy of Nuclear Restraint." International Security 19, no. 2 (Fall 1994):126-169.
360. "South Africa: An Irresponsible Arms Trader?" Global Dialogue 4 (August 2, 1999). Available online at http://www.igd.org.za/pub/g-dialogue/ Special-feature/trader.html.
361. "South Africa Confirms Nuclear Deal with France." Reuters World Service, January 9, 1995.
362. South Africa. Department of Foreign Affairs. "The African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone (Treaty of Pelindaba)." Available online at http://www.opanal.org/NWFZ/Pelindaba/pelindaba.htm.
363. -. "Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)." Available online at http://www.un.org/Depts/dda/WMD/treaty.
364. South Africa. Military Health Service. "History of the South African Military Health Service." Available online at http://www.mil.za/CSANDF/ SurgeonGeneral/SAMHS/SAMHS%20HQ/main-samhs-hq.htm.
365. "South Africa: Seven Right-Wingers Facing Charges of 'Treason', Terrorism.'" Financial Times (London), April 8, 2002.
366. "South African Official Offers Post Mortem of Atomic Bomb." The Risk Report 2, no. 4 (July-August 1996).
367. "South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Program: An Annotated Chronology: 1969-1994." Available online at http://cns.miis.edu/research/safrica/chron. htm.
368. "Southern Africa-Risk Pointers." Jane's Sentinel Security Assessment. October 17, 2003.
369. Steyn, Pierre. "Concern about al-Qaeda in SA." Die Burger (Cape Town), October 12, 2002.
370. -. "SA Expert Investigated over Anthrax." Die Burger (Cape Town), August 2, 2000, 7.
371. Stumpf, Waldo. "South Africa's Nuclear Weapons Program: From Deterrence to Dismantlement." Arms Control Today 25, no. 10 (December 1995/January 1996):4-7.
372. Tanner, Adam. "Al-Qaeda Presence in SA-Expert." Die Burger (Cape Town), November, 28, 2002.
373. Thayer, Bradley A. "The Causes of Nuclear Nonproliferation and the Utility of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime." Security Studies 4, no. 3 (Spring 1995):449-494.
374. Thomas, Jo. "California Doctor's Suicide Leaves Many Troubling Mysteries Unsolved." New York Times, November 3, 2002.
375. Thornycroft, Petra. "SA's Poison Gas Secrets Sold to Libya." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), January 7, 1997.
376. "Three Whites Accused of Plotting to Topple S. Africa's Mbeki." Agence France-Presse, April 8, 2002.
377. "The TRC's Helderberg Tragedy." Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), November 21, 2000.
378. "Tutu Gets 99th Degree Then Slams SA Govt Pretoria. " Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), September 6, 2002.
379. "Two Groups of Rightwingers Are Refused Bail." South African Press Association, April 19, 2002.
380. "Vaccine Theory on AIDS Upset." Washington Post, May 20, 2002, A9.
381. Warrick, Joby. "Biotoxins Fall into Private Hands; Global Risk Seen in S. African Poisons." Washington Post, April 21, 2001.
382. Warrick, Joby, and John Mintz. "Lethal Legacy: Bioweapons for Sale; U. S. Declined South African Scientist's Offer on Man-Made Pathogens." Washington Post, April 20, 2003.
383. Watt, S. A. "The Anglo-Boer War: The Medical Arrangements and Implications Thereof During the British Occupation of Bloemfontein, March-August 19 0 0." Military History Review 9, no. 2 (December 1992). Available online at http://rapidttp.com/milhist/vol092sw.html.
384. Weiss, Rick. "Made-from-Scratch Pathogen Prompts Concerns about Bioethics, Terrorism." Washington Post, July 12, 2002, A1.
385. Wheelis, Mark. "Biotechnology and Biochemical Weapons." Non-Proliferation Review 9, no. 1 (Spring 2002):48-53.