Removal of information from working memory: A specific updating process

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 74, Issue , 2014, Pages 77-90

  Ecker, Ullrich K H ^a   Lewandowsky, Stephan ^a,b   Oberauer, Klaus ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Executive functions; Individual differences; Removal; SOB; Updating; Working memory

Indexed keywords

EID: 84893770379     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2013.09.003     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Baddeley A. The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2000, 4:417-423.
2. Barrouillet P., Bernardin S., Portrat S., Vergauwe E., Camos V. Time and cognitive load in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2007, 33:570-585.
3. Berman M.G., Jonides J., Lewis R.L. In search of decay in verbal short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2009, 35:317-333.
4. Brainard D.H. The psychophysics toolbox. Spatial Vision 1997, 10:433-436.
5. Chen T., Li D. The roles of working memory updating and processing speed in mediating age-related differences in fluid intelligence. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 2007, 14:631-646.
6. Chiappe D.L., Chiappe P. The role of working memory in metaphor production and comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language 2007, 56:172-188.
7. Chuderski A., Taraday M., Ne{ogonek}cka E., Smoleń T. Storage capacity explains fluid intelligence but executive control does not. Intelligence 2012, 40:278-295.
8. Colom R., Abad F.J., Quiroga M.Á., Shih P.C., Flores-Mendoza C. Working memory and intelligence are highly related constructs, but why?. Intelligence 2008, 36:584-606.
9. Colzato L.S., van Wouwe N.C., Lavender T.J., Hommel B. Intelligence and cognitive flexibility: Fluid intelligence correlates with feature "unbinding" across perception and action. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2006, 13:1043-1048.
10. Conway A.R.A., Cowan N., Bunting M.F., Therriault D.J., Minkoff S.R.B. A latent variable analysis of working memory capacity, short-term memory capacity, processing speed, and general fluid intelligence. Intelligence 2002, 30:163-183.
11. Conway A.R.A., Kane M.J., Bunting M.F., Hambrick D.Z., Wilhelm O., Engle R.W. Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user's guide. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2005, 12:769-786.
12. Craig S., Lewandowsky S. Whichever way you choose to categorize, working memory helps you learn. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2012, 65:439-464.
13. De Beni R., Palladino P. Decline in working memory updating through ageing: Intrusion error analyses. Memory 2004, 12:75-89.
14. Ecker U.K.H., Lewandowsky S. Computational constraints in cognitive theories of forgetting. Frontiers in Psychology 2012, 3:400.
15. Ecker U.K.H., Lewandowsky S., Oberauer K., Chee A.E.H. The components of working memory updating: An experimental decomposition and individual differences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2010, 36:170-189.
16. Ecker U.K.H., Lewandowsky S., Oberauer K. Removal of information from working memory. Proceedings of the 35th annual conference of the cognitive science society 2013, 400-405. Cognitive Science Society, Austin, TX. M. Knauff, M. Pauen, N. Sebanz, I. Wachsmuth (Eds.).
17. Ecker U.K.H., Lewandowsky S., Swire B., Chang D. Correcting false information in memory: Manipulating the strength of misinformation encoding and its retraction. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2011, 18:570-578.
18. Engle R.W., Tuholski S.W., Laughlin J.E., Conway A.R.A. Working memory, short-term memory and general fluid intelligence: A latent-variable approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1999, 128:309-331.
19. Farrell S., Lewandowsky S. An endogenous distributed model of ordering in serial recall. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2002, 9:59-79.
20. Fawcett J.M., Taylor T.L. Forgetting is effortful: Evidence from reaction time probes in an item-method directed forgetting task. Memory & Cognition 2008, 36:1168-1181.
21. Fawcett J.M., Taylor T.L. The control of working memory resources in intentional forgetting: Evidence from incidental probe word recognition. Acta Psychologica 2012, 139:84-90.
22. Friedman N.P., Miyake A., Corley R.P., Young S.E., DeFries J.C., Hewitt J.K. Not all executive functions are related to intelligence. Psychological Science 2006, 17:172-179.
23. Garavan H. Serial attention within working memory. Memory & Cognition 1998, 26:263-276.
24. Jalbert A., Neath I., Bireta T.J., Surprenant A.M. When does length cause the word length effect?. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2011, 37:338-353.
25. Jolicoeur P., Dell'Acqua R. The demonstration of short-term consolidation. Cognitive Psychology 1998, 36:138-202.
26. Jonides J. Working memory and thinking. Invitation to cognitive science: Thinking 1995, Vol. 3. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
27. Kane M.J., Conway A.R.A., Hambrick D.Z., Engle R.W. Variation in working memory capacity as variation in executive attention and control. Variation in working memory 2007, 21-48. Oxford University Press, Oxford. A.R.A. Conway, C. Jarrold, M.J. Kane, A. Miyake, J.N. Towse (Eds.).
28. Kessler, Y., & Oberauer, K. (2013). Working memory updating latency reflects the cost of switching between maintenance and updating modes of operation (submitted for publication).
29. Kessler Y., Meiran N. Two dissociable updating processes in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2008, 34:1339-1348.
30. LaRocque J.J., Lewis-Peacock J.A., Drysdale A.T., Oberauer K., Postle B.R. Decoding attended information in short-term memory: An EEG study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2013, 25:127-142.
31. Lendinez C., Pelegrina S., Lechuga T. The distance effect in numerical memory-updating tasks. Memory & Cognition 2011, 39:675-685.
32. Lewandowsky S., Farrell S. Short-term memory: New data and a model. The psychology of learning and motivation 2008, Vol. 49:1-48. Elsevier, London.
33. Lewandowsky S., Oberauer K., Brown G.D.A. No temporal decay in verbal short-term memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2009, 13:120-126.
34. Lewandowsky S., Oberauer K., Yang L.-X., Ecker U.K.H. A working memory test battery for MATLAB. Behavior Research Methods 2010, 42:571-585.
35. Little, D. R., Lewandowsky, S., & Craig, S. (2013). Working memory capacity and fluid abilities: The more difficult the item, the more more is better (submitted for publication).
36. Martínez K., Burgaleta M., Román F.J., Escorial S., Shih P.C., Quiroga M.T., et al. Can fluid intelligence be reduced to 'simple' short-term storage?. Intelligence 2011, 39:473-480.
37. Miyake A., Friedman N.P., Emerson M.J., Witzki A.H., Howerter T.D., Wager A. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology 2000, 41:49-100.
38. Morey R.D. Confidence intervals from normalized data: A correction to Cousineau (2005). Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology 2008, 4:61-64.
39. Oberauer K. Removing irrelevant information from working memory: A cognitive aging study with the modified Sternberg task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2001, 27:948-957.
40. Oberauer K. Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2002, 28:411-421.
41. Oberauer K., Lange E., Engle R.W. Working memory capacity and resistance to interference. Journal of Memory and Language 2004, 51:80-96.
42. Oberauer K., Lewandowsky S. Forgetting in immediate serial recall: Decay, temporal distinctiveness, or interference?. Psychological Review 2008, 115:544-576.
43. Oberauer K., Lewandowsky S. Evidence against decay in verbal working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 2013, 142:380-411.
44. Oberauer K., Lewandowsky S., Farrell S., Jarrold C., Greaves M. Modeling working memory: An interference model of complex span. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2012, 19:779-819.
45. Oberauer K., Schulze R., Wilhelm O., Süß H.-M. Working memory and intelligence-their correlation and their relation: Comment on Ackerman, Beier, and Boyle (2005). Psychological Bulletin 2005, 131:61-65.
46. Oberauer K., Süß H.-M., Schulze R., Wilhelm O., Wittmann W.W. Working memory capacity-facets of a cognitive ability construct. Personality and Individual Differences 2000, 29:1017-1045.
47. Schmiedek F., Hildebrandt A., Lovdén M., Wilhelm O., Lindenberger U. Complex span versus updating tasks of working memory: The gap is not that deep. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2009, 35:1089-1096.
48. Sewell D.K., Lewandowsky S. Attention and working memory capacity: Insights from blocking, highlighting, and knowledge restructuring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 2012, 141:444-469.
49. Vogel E.K., Woodman G.F., Luck S.J. The time course of consolidation in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 2006, 32:1436-1451.
50. Wilhelm O., Oberauer K. Why are reasoning ability and working memory capacity related to mental speed? An investigation of stimulus-response compatibility in choice reaction time tasks. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2006, 18:18-50.
51. Yntema D.B., Mueser G.E. Keeping track of variables that have few or many states. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1962, 63:391-395.