Role of hyperosmolarity in the pathogenesis and management of dry eye disease: Proceedings of the ocean group meeting

Ocular Surface

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 246-258

  Baudouin, Christophe ^a   Aragona, Pasquale ^b   Messmer, Elisabeth M ^c   Tomlinson, Alan ^d   Calonge, Margarita ^e   Boboridis, Kostas G ^f   Akova, Yonca A ^g   Geerling, Gerd ^h   Labetoulle, Marc ⁱ   Rolando, Maurizio ^j  

^a CENTRE HOSPITALIER NATIONAL D OPHTALMOLOGIE DES QUINZE VINGTS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MESSINA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^d GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF VALLADOLID   (Spain)

^f ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

^g BAYINDIR HOSPITAL   (Turkey)

^h HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

ⁱ UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SACLAY   (France)

^j UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

more..

Author keywords

Compatible solutes; Dry eye disease; Erythritol; L carnitine; Osmoprotection; Osmoregulation; Tear film instability; Tear hyperosmolarity

Indexed keywords

ARTIFICIAL TEAR; BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE; BETAINE; CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE; CARNITINE; CYTOKINE; ERYTHRITOL; GLYCEROL; HYALURONIC ACID; HYPOTONIC SOLUTION; INOSITOL; METHYLAMINE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MUCIN; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE; PROLINE; SORBITOL; SULFONIUM DERIVATIVE; TAURINE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NFAT; TREHALOSE; TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE; UREA;

APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL DAMAGE; CELL LOSS; CELL PH; CELL TYPE; CELL VOLUME; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONJUNCTIVA; CORNEA CELL; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE SEVERITY; DNA DAMAGE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRY EYE; EYE INFLAMMATION; EYE PROTECTION; GOBLET CELL; HUMAN; HYPEROSMOLARITY; HYPEROSMOTIC STRESS; IMPEDANCE; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA; NONHUMAN; OPHTHALMOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE; OSMOLARITY; OSMOMETER; OSMOREGULATION; OSMOTIC PRESSURE; OSMOTIC STRESS; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SCHIRMER TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; VISUAL SYSTEM EXAMINATION;

COMPATIBLE SOLUTES; DRY EYE DISEASE; ERYTHRITOL; L-CARNITINE; OSMOPROTECTION; OSMOREGULATION; TEAR FILM INSTABILITY; TEAR HYPEROSMOLARITY;

DRY EYE SYNDROMES; GOBLET CELLS; HUMANS; OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION; OSMOREGULATION; TEARS;

EID: 84893714527     PISSN: 15420124     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2013.07.003     Document Type: Review

References (109)

1. 2007 Report of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (DEWS). Ocul Surf 2007;5:1-204
2. Clouzeau C, Godefroy D, Riancho L, et al. Hyperosmolarity potentiates toxic effects of benzalkonium chloride on conjunctival epithelial cells in vitro. Mol Vis 2012;18:851-63
3. Lee AJ, Lee J, Saw SM, et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with dry eye symptoms: a population based study in Indonesia. Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:1347-51
4. Lin PY, Tsai SY, Cheng CY, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan: the Shihpai Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2003;110:1096-101
5. McCarty CA, Bansal AK, Livingston PM, et al. The epidemiology of dry eye in Melbourne, Australia. Ophthalmology 1998;105:1114-9
6. Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BE. Prevalence of and risk factors for dry eye syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 2000;118:1264-8
7. Schaumberg DA, Sullivan DA, Buring JE, et al. Prevalence of dry eye syndrome among US women. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;136:318-26
8. Schein OD, Munoz B, Tielsch JM, et al. Prevalence of dry eye among the elderly. Am J Ophthalmol 1997;124:723-8
9. ScheinOD, HochbergMC,Munoz B, et al.Dry eye and drymouth in the elderly: a population-based assessment.Arch InternMed 1999;159:1359-63
10. Nichols KK. Patient-reported symptoms in dry dye disease. Ocul Surf 2006;4:137-45
11. Miljanovic B, Dana R, Sullivan DA, et al. Impact of dry eye syndrome on vision-related quality of life. Am J Ophthalmol 2007;143:409-15
12. Li M, Gong L, Sun X, et al. Anxiety and depression in patients with dry eye syndrome. Curr Eye Res 2011;36:1-7
13. Stern ME, Beuerman RW, Fox RI, et al. The pathology of dry eye: the interaction between the ocular surface and lacrimal glands. Cornea 1998;17:584-9
14. Stern ME, Gao J, Siemasko KF, et al. The role of the lacrimal functional unit in the pathophysiology of dry eye. Exp Eye Res 2004;78:409-16
15. Baudouin C. [A new approach for better comprehension of diseases of the ocular surface]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2007;30:239-46. French
16. Dmitrieva NI, Bulavin DV, Burg MB. High NaCl causes Mre11 to leave the nucleus, disrupting DNA damage signaling and repair. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003;285:F266-74
17. Bortner CD, Cidlowski JA. Absence of volume regulatory mechanisms contributes to the rapid activation of apoptosis in thymocytes. Am J Physiol 1996;271:C950-61
18. Galvez A, Morales MP, Eltit JM, et al. A rapid and strong apoptotic process is triggered by hyperosmotic stress in cultured rat cardiac myocytes. Cell Tissue Res 2001;304:279-85
19. Gilles R. "Compensatory" organic osmolytes in high osmolarity and dehydration stresses: history and perspectives. Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol 1997;117:279-90
20. Yancey PH, Clark ME, Hand SC, et al. Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems. Science 1982;217:1214-22
21. Burg MB, Ferraris JD, Dmitrieva NI. Cellular response to hyperosmotic stresses. Physiol Rev 2007;87:1441-74
22. Bowlus RD, Somero GN. Solute compatibility with enzyme function and structure: rationales for the selection of osmotic agents and end-products of anaerobic metabolism in marine invertebrates. J Exp Zool 1979;208:137-51
23. Hall EH, Balsbaugh JL, Rose KL, et al. Comprehensive analysis of phosphorylation sites in Tensin1 reveals regulation by p38MAPK. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010;9:2853-63
24. Brocker C, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V. The role of hyperosmotic stress in inflammation and disease. Biomol Concepts 2012;3:345-64
25. Yancey PH. Organic osmolytes as compatible, metabolic and counteracting cytoprotectants in high osmolarity and other stresses. J Exp Biol 2005;208:2819-30
26. Corrales RM, Luo L, Chang EY, et al. Effects of osmoprotectants on hyperosmolar stress in cultured human corneal epithelial cells. Cornea 2008;27:574-9
27. Pescosolido N, Imperatrice B, Koverech A, Messano M. L-carnitine and short chain ester in tears from patients with dry eye. Optom Vis Sci 2009;86:E132-8
28. Pescosolido N, Imperatrice B, Karavitis P. Inherited ocular disorders, ophthalmic procedures and carnitines. Drugs R D 2008;9(Suppl 1): 23-32
29. Pescosolido N, Imperatrice B, Karavitis P. Ocular disorders secondary to systemic disease and the potential role of carnitines. Drugs R D 2008;9(Suppl 1):15-22
30. Pescosolido N, Imperatrice B, Karavitis P. The aging eye and the role of L-carnitine and its derivatives. Drugs R D 2008;9(Suppl 1):3-14
31. Garrett Q, Khandekar N, Shih S, Flanagan JL, Simmons P, Vehige J, Willcox MD. Betaine stabilizes cell volume and protects against apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress. Exp Eye Res 2013;108:33-41
32. Canovas M, Bernal V, Sevilla A, et al. Salt stress effects on the central and carnitine metabolisms of Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007;96:722-37
33. Cayley S, Record Jr MT. Roles of cytoplasmic osmolytes, water, and crowding in the response of Escherichia coli to osmotic stress: biophysical basis of osmoprotection by glycine betaine. Biochemistry 2003;42:12596-609
34. Peluso G, Barbarisi A, Savica V, et al. Carnitine: an osmolyte that plays a metabolic role. J Cell Biochem 2000;80:1-10
35. Wood JM, Bremer E, Csonka LN, et al. Osmosensing and osmoregulatory compatible solute accumulation by bacteria. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2001;130:437-60
36. Beck FX, Burger-Kentischer A, Muller E. Cellular response to osmotic stress in the renal medulla. Pflugers Arch 1998;436:814-27
37. Pasantes-Morales H, Franco R, Torres-Marquez ME, et al. Amino acid osmolytes in regulatory volume decrease and isovolumetric regulation in brain cells: contribution and mechanisms. Cell Physiol Biochem 2000;10:361-70
38. Maallem S, Berod A, Mutin M, et al. Large discrepancies in cellular distribution of the tonicity-induced expression of osmoprotective genes and their regulatory transcription factor TonEBP in rat brain. Neuroscience 2006;142:355-68
39. Alfieri RR, Cavazzoni A, Petronini PG, et al. Compatible osmolytes modulate the response of porcine endothelial cells to hypertonicity and protect them from apoptosis. J Physiol 2002;540:499-508
40. Cammarata PR, Schafer G, Chen SW, et al. Osmoregulatory alterations in taurine uptake by cultured human and bovine lens epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:425-33
41. Shioda R, Reinach PS, Hisatsune T, et al. Osmosensitive taurine transporter expression and activity in human corneal epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:2916-22
42. Bron AJ, Yokoi N, Gaffney E, et al. Predicted phenotypes of dry eye: proposed consequences of its natural history. Ocul Surf 2009;7:78-92
43. Tomlinson A, Doane MG, McFadyen A. Inputs and outputs of the lacrimal system: review of production and evaporative loss. Ocul Surf 2009;7:186-98
44. Rolando M, Refojo MF, Kenyon KR. Increased tear evaporation in eyes with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:557-8
45. Tietz NW. Clinical guide to laboratory tests. Ed 3. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1995
46. Lemp MA, Bron AJ, Baudouin C, et al. Tear osmolarity in the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease. Am J Ophthalmol 2011;151:792-8
47. Tomlinson A, Khanal S, Ramaesh K, et al. Tear film osmolarity: determination of a referent for dry eye diagnosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006;47:4309-15
48. Versura P, Profazio V, Campos EC. Performance of tear osmolarity compared to previous diagnostic tests for dry eye diseases. Curr Eye Res 2010;35:553-64
49. Gilbard JP, Farris RL. Tear osmolarity and ocular surface disease in keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:1642-6
50. Sullivan BD, Whitmer D, Nichols KK, et al. An objective approach to dry eye disease severity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010;51:6125-30
51. Liu H, Begley C, Chen M, et al. A link between tear instability and hyperosmolarity in dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009;50: 3671-9
52. M'garrech M, Rousseau A, Kaswin G. Impairment of lacrimal secretion in the unaffected fellow eye of patients with recurrent unilateral herpetic keratitis. Ophthalmology 2013. May 9 [Epub ahead of print]
53. Ubels JL, Williams KK, Lopez-Bernal DD, et al. Evaluation of effects of a physiologic artificial tear on the corneal epithelial barrier: electrical resistance and carboxyfluorescein permeability. Adv Exp Med Biol 1994;350:441-52
54. Li DQ, Luo L, Chen Z, et al. JNK and ERK MAP kinases mediate induction of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-8 following hyperosmolar stress in human limbal epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2006;82:588-96
55. Luo L, Li DQ, Pflugfelder SC. Hyperosmolarity-induced apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells is mediated by cytochrome c and MAPK pathways. Cornea 2007;26:452-60
56. Gaffney EA, Tiffany JM, Yokoi N, et al. A mass and solute balance model for tear volume and osmolarity in the normal and the dry eye. Prog Retin Eye Res 2010;29:59-78
57. Lechner SG, Markworth S, Poole K, et al. The molecular and cellular identity of peripheral osmoreceptors. Neuron 2011;69:332-44
58. Li DQ, Chen Z, Song XJ, et al. Stimulation of matrix metalloproteinases by hyperosmolarity via a JNK pathway in human corneal epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:4302-11
59. Solomon A, Dursun D, Liu Z, et al. Pro- and anti-inflammatory forms of interleukin-1 in the tear fluid and conjunctiva of patients with dry-eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42: 2283-92
60. Luo L, Li DQ, Corrales RM, et al. Hyperosmolar saline is a proinflammatory stress on the mouse ocular surface. Eye Contact Lens 2005;31: 186-93
61. Luo L, Li DQ, Doshi A, et al. Experimental dry eye stimulates production of inflammatory cytokines and MMP-9 and activates MAPK signaling pathways on the ocular surface. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:4293-301
62. Versura P, Profazio V, Schiavi C, et al. Hyperosmolar stress upregulates HLA-DR expression in human conjunctival epithelium in dry eye patients and in vitro models. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;52: 5488-96
63. Stern ME, Pflugfelder SC. Inflammation in dry eye. Ocul Surf 2004;2: 124-30
64. Gilbard JP, Rossi SR, Gray KL, et al. Tear film osmolarity and ocular surface disease in two rabbit models for keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1988;29:374-8
65. Gilbard JP. Tear film osmolarity and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. CLAO J 1985;11:243-50
66. Yeh S, Song XJ, Farley W, et al. Apoptosis of ocular surface cells in experimentally induced dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44: 124-9
67. Nelson JD, Wright JC. Conjunctival goblet cell densities in ocular surface disease. Arch Ophthalmol 1984;102:1049-51
68. Tomlinson A, McCann LC, Pearce EI. Comparison of human tear film osmolarity measured by electrical impedance and freezing point depression techniques. Cornea 2010;29:1036-41
69. Sullivan BD, Crews LA, Messmer EM, et al. Correlations between commonly used objective signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of dry eye disease: clinical implications. Acta Ophthalmol 2012. Dec 22 [E-pub ahead of print]
70. Jacobi C, Jacobi A, Kruse FE, et al. Tear film osmolarity measurements in dry eye disease using electrical impedance technology. Cornea 2011;30:1289-92
71. OcuSense. TearLab website. Available at: www.tearlab.com/ .
72. Messmer EM, Bulgen M, Kampik A. Hyperosmolarity of the tear film in dry eye syndrome. Dev Ophthalmol 2010;45:129-38
73. Szalai E, Berta A, Szekanecz Z, et al. Evaluation of tear osmolarity in non-Sjogren and Sjogren syndrome dry eye patients with the TearLab system. Cornea 2012;31:867-71
74. Sullivan BD, Zmina SG, Zmina MG, et al. Real world analytical performance of the TearLab osmolarity system with an enhanced temperature sensor. Abstract: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO 2013): 4336eC0074
75. Khanal S, Millar TJ. Barriers to clinical uptake of tear osmolarity measurements. Br J Ophthalmol 2012;96:341-4
76. Eperjesi F, Aujla M, Bartlett H. Reproducibility and repeatability of the OcuSense TearLab osmometer. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012;250:1201-5
77. Gokhale M, Stahl U, Jalbert I. In situ osmometry: validation and effect of sample collection technique. Optom Vis Sci 2013;90:359-65
78. McCann LC, Tomlinson A, Pearce EI, et al. Effectiveness of artificial tears in the management of evaporative dry eye. Cornea 2012;31:1-5
79. Keech A, Senchyna M, Jones L. Impact of time between collection and collection method on human tear fluid osmolarity. Curr Eye Res 2013;38:428-36
80. Tomlinson A, Madden LC, Simmons PA. Effectiveness of dry eye therapy under conditions of environmental stress. Curr Eye Res 2013;38: 229-36
81. Benelli U, Nardi M, Posarelli C, et al. Tear osmolarity measurement using the TearLab Osmolarity System in the assessment of dry eye treatment effectiveness. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2010;33:61-7
82. Montani G. Intrasubject tear osmolarity changes with two different types of eyedrops. Optom Vis Sci 2013;90:372-7
83. Sullivan BD, Crews LA, Sonmez B, et al. Clinical utility of objective tests for dry eye disease: variability over time and implications for clinical trials and disease management. Cornea 2012;31:1000-8
84. Aragona P, Di SG, Ferreri F, et al. Sodium hyaluronate eye drops of different osmolarity for the treatment of dry eye in Sjogren's syndrome patients. Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:879-84
85. Papa V, Aragona P, Russo S, et al. Comparison of hypotonic and isotonic solutions containing sodium hyaluronate on the symptomatic treatment of dry eye patients. Ophthalmologica 2001;215: 124-7
86. Geerling G, Honnicke K, Schroder C, et al. Quality of salivary tears following autologous submandibular gland transplantation for severe dry eye. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2000;238:45-52
87. Holly FJ, Lamberts DW. Effect of nonisotonic solutions on tear film osmolality. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981;20:236-45
88. Simmons PA, Chang-Lin J-E, Chung Q, et al. Effect of compatible solutes on transepithelial electrical resistance and uptake in primary rabbit corneal epithelial cell layers model. Abstract: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) 2007. E-abstract #428
89. Loeb WF, Das SR, Trout JR. The effect of erythritol on the stability of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and N-acetyl glucosaminidase in human urine. Toxicol Pathol 1997;25:264-7
90. Guo N, Puhlev I, Brown DR, et al. Trehalose expression confers desiccation tolerance on human cells. Nat Biotechnol 2000;18:168-71
91. Matsuo T. Trehalose protects corneal epithelial cells from death by drying. Br J Ophthalmol 2001;85:610-2
92. Chen W, Zhang X, Liu M, et al. Trehalose protects against ocular surface disorders in experimental murine dry eye through suppression of apoptosis. Exp Eye Res 2009;89:311-8
93. Cejkova J, Cejka C, Luyckx J. Trehalose treatment accelerates the healing of UVB-irradiated corneas. Comparative immunohistochemical studies on corneal cryostat sections and corneal impression cytology. Histol Histopathol 2012;27:1029-40
94. Li J, Roubeix C, Wang Y, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of trehalose eye drops for treatment of murine dry eye induced by an intelligently controlled environmental system. Mol Vis 2012;18:317-29
95. Foulks GN. Treatment of dry eye disease by the non-ophthalmologist. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2008;34:987-1000
96. Funke S, Azimi D, Wolters D, et al. Longitudinal analysis of taurine induced effects on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and dry eye patients using a RP-RP-Capillary-HPLC-MALDI TOF/TOF MS approach. J Proteomics 2012;75:3177-90
97. Flanagan JL, Simmons PA, Vehige J, et al. Role of carnitine in disease. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2010;7:30
98. Shamsi FA, Chaudhry IA, Boulton ME, et al. L-carnitine protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage. Curr Eye Res 2007;32:575-84
99. Willcox MD, Khandekar N, Shih S, et al. Reduction of hyperosmotic stress-induced corneal epithelial cell apoptosis by carnitine. Abstract: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) 2012: #564/A32
100. Geraldine P, Sneha BB, Elanchezhian R, et al. Prevention of seleniteinduced cataractogenesis by acetyl-L-carnitine: an experimental study. Exp Eye Res 2006;83:1340-9
101. Kiyosawa K. Volumetric properties of polyols (ethylene glycol, glycerol, meso-erythritol, xylitol and mannitol) in relation to their membrane permeability: group additivity and estimation of the maximum radius of their molecules. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991;1064:251-5
102. Guillon M, Maissa C, Ho S. Evaluation of the effects on conjunctival tissues of Optive eyedrops over one month usage. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2010;33:93-9
103. Davitt WF, Bloomenstein M, Christensen M, et al. Efficacy in patients with dry eye after treatment with a new lubricant eye drop formulation. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2010;26:347-53
104. Kaercher T, Buchholz P, Kimmich F. Treatment of patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca with Optive: results of a multicenter, open-label observational study in Germany. Clin Ophthalmol 2009;3:33-9
105. Baudouin C, Cochener B, Pisella PJ, et al. Randomized, phase III study comparing osmoprotective carboxymethylcellulose with sodium hyaluronate in dry eye disease. Eur J Ophthalmol 2012;22: 751-61
106. Monaco G, Cacioppo V, Consonni D, et al. Effects of osmoprotection on symptoms, ocular surface damage, and tear film modifications caused by glaucoma therapy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2011;21:243-50
107. Hardten DR, Brown MJ, Pham-Vang S. Evaluation of an isotonic tear in combination with topical cyclosporine for the treatment of ocular surface disease. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:2083-91
108. Matsuo T, Tsuchida Y, Morimoto N. Trehalose eye drops in the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Ophthalmology 2002;109:2024-9
109. Matsuo T. Trehalose versus hyaluronan or cellulose in eyedrops for the treatment of dry eye. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004;48:321-7