Depression in the elderly: Brain correlates, neuropsychological findings, and role of vascular lesion load

Current Opinion in Neurology

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 656-661

  Vu, Nicholas Q ^a   Aizenstein, Howard J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Department of Psychiatry ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Cognition; Depression; Geriatrics; Neurodegeneration; Review

Indexed keywords

MYELIN;

AGED; AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS; BRAIN BLOOD VESSEL; BRAIN FUNCTION; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DEMENTIA; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; GRAY MATTER; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; LATE LIFE DEPRESSION; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; ONSET AGE; ORBITAL CORTEX; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PUTAMEN; REVIEW; THALAMUS; VASCULAR LESION; WHITE MATTER LESION; AGING; BRAIN; COGNITION DISORDERS; COMPLICATION; DEPRESSION; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PATHOLOGY;

AGING; BRAIN; COGNITION DISORDERS; DEPRESSION; HUMANS; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHIES; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS;

EID: 84892364593     PISSN: 13507540     EISSN: 14736551     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000028     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Butters MA, Young JB, Lopez O, et al. Pathways linking late-life depression to persistent cognitive impairment and dementia. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2008; 10:345-357.
2. Roose SP, Sackeim HA. Late-life depression. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press; 2004.
3. Alexopoulos GS, Meyers BS, Young RC, et al. 'Vascular depression' hypothesis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54:915-922.
4. Alexopoulos GS. Frontostriatal and limbic dysfunction in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002; 10:687-695.
5. Chang C-C, Yu S-C, McQuoid DR, et al. Reduction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex gray matter in late-life depression. Psychiatry Res 2011; 193:1-6.
6. Gerritsen L, Comijs HC, van der Graaf Y, et al. Depression, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, and hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes - the SMART Medea Study. Biol Psychiatry 2011; 70:373-380.
7. Janssen J, Hulshoff Pol HE, de Leeuw F-E, et al. Hippocampal volume and subcortical white matter lesions in late life depression: Comparison of early and late onset depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78:638-640.
8. Sawyer K, Corsentino E, Sachs-Ericsson N, Steffens DC. Depression, hippocampal volume changes, and cognitive decline in a clinical sample of older depressed outpatients and nondepressed controls. Aging Ment Health 2012; 16:753-762
9. Burke J, McQuoid DR, Payne ME, et al. Amygdala volume in late-life depression: Relationship with age of onset. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 19:771-776.
10. Hannestad J, Taylor WD, McQuoid DR, et al. White matter lesion volumes and caudate volumes in late life depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2006; 21:1193-1198.
11. Sexton CE, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP. A systematic review and metaanalysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 21:184-195.
12. Tata DA, Marciano VA, Anderson BJ. Synapse loss from chronically elevated glucocorticoids: Relationship to neuropil volume and cell number in hippocampal area CA3. J Comp Neurol 2006; 498:363-374.
13. Fuchs E, Flugge G, Ohl F, et al. Psychosocial stress, glucocorticoids, and structural alterations in the tree shrew hippocampus. Physiol Behav 2001; 73:285-291.
14. Videbech P, Ravnkilde B. Hippocampal volume and depression: A metaanalysis of MRI studies. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161:1957-1966.
15. Andreescu C, Butters MA, Begley A, et al. Gray matter changes in late life depression - A structural MRI analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 33:2566-2572.
16. Lloyd AJ, Ferrier IN, Barber R, et al. Hippocampal volume change in depression: late- And early-onset illness compared. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 184:488-495.
17. Hickie I, Naismith S, Ward PB, et al. Reduced hippocampal volumes and memory loss in patients with early- And late-onset depression. Br J Psychiatry 2005; 186:197202.
18. Tsopelas C, Stewart R, Sawa GM, et al. Neuropathological correlates of latelife depression in older people. Br J Psychiatry 2011; 198:109-114.
19. Zahodne LB, Gongvatana A, Cohen RA, et al. Are apathy and depression independently associated with longitudinal trajectories of cortical atrophy in mild cognitive impairment? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 21:1098-1106.
20. Xie C, Li W, Chen G, et al. The co-existence of geriatric depression and amnestic mild cognitive impairment detrimentally affect gray matter volumes: voxel-based morphometry study. Behav Brain Res 2012; 235:244-250.
21. Lee GJ, Lu PH, Hua X, et al. Depressive symptoms in mild cognitive impairment predict greater atrophy in Alzheimer's disease-related regions. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71:814-821.
22. Sneed JR, Rindskopf D, Steffens DC, et al. The vascular depression subtype: evidence of internal validity. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 64:491-497.
23. Teodorczuk A, O'Brien JT, FirbankMJ, et al. White matter changes and late-life depressive symptoms: longitudinal study. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 191:212-217.
24. Kumar A, Bilker W, Jin Z, Udupa J. Atrophy and high intensity lesions: Complementary neurobiological mechanisms in late-life depression. Neuro psycho pharmacology 2000; 22:264-274.
25. Thomas AJ, Perry R, Barber R, et al. Pathologies and pathological mechanisms for white matter hyperintensities in depression. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002; 977:333-339.
26. Herrmann LL, Le Masurier M, Ebmeier KP. White matter hyperintensities in late life depression: A systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:619-624.
27. Lee J-Y, Insel P, Mackin R, et al. Different associations of white matter lesions with depression and cognition. BMC Neurol 2012; 12:83.
28. Köhler S, Thomas AJ, Lloyd A, et al. White matter hyperintensities, cortisol levels, brain atrophy and continuing cognitive deficits in late-life depression. Br J Psychiatry 2010; 196:143-149.
29. Taylor WD, Aizenstein HJ, Alexopoulos GS. The vascular depression hypothesis: mechanisms linking vascular disease with depression. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:963-974.
30. Taylor WD, Zhao Z, Ashley-Koch A, et al. Fiber tract specific white matter lesion severity. Findings in late life depression and by AGTR1 A1166C genotype. Hum Brain Mapp 2013; 34:295-303.
31. Dalby RB, Chakravarty MM, Ahdidan J, et al. Localization of white-matter lesions and effect of vascular risk factors in late-onset major depression. Psychol Med 2010; 40:1389-1399.
32. Dalby RB, Frandsen J, Chakravarty MM, et al. Depression severity is correlated to the integrity of white matter fiber tracts in late-onset major depression. Psychiatry Res 2010; 184:38-48.
33. Sheline Y, Price JL, Vaishnavi SN, et al. Regional white matter hyperintensity burden in automated segmentation distinguishes late-life depressed subjects from comparison subjects matched for vascular risk factors. Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165:524-532.
34. Mettenburg JM, Benzinger TL, Shimony JS, et al. Diminished performance on neuropsychological testing in late life depression is correlated with microstructural white matter abnormalities. Neuroimage 2012; 60:2182-2190.
35. Sexton CE, Allan CL, Le Masurier M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in late-life depression: multimodal examination of network. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012; 69:680-689.
36. Aizenstein HJ, Andreescu C, Edelman KL, et al. fMRI correlates of white matter hyperintensities in late-life depression. Am J Psychiatry 2011; 168:1075-1082.
37. Wang L, Potter GG, Krishnan RK, et al. Neural correlates associated with cognitive decline in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 20:653-663.
38. Alexopoulos GS, Hoptman MJ, Kanellopoulos D, et al. Functional connectivity in the cognitive control network and the default mode network in late-life depression. J Affect Disord 2012; 139:56-65.
39. Wu M, Andreescu C, Butters MA, et al. Default-mode network connectivity and white matter burden in late-life depression. Psychiatry Res 2011; 194:39-46.
40. Lockwood KA, Alexopoulos GS, Kakuma T, Van Gorp WG. Subtypes of cognitive impairment in depressed older adults. Am JGeriatr Psychiatry 2000; 8:201-208.
41. Boone KB, Lesser IM, Miller BL, et al. Cognitive functioning in older depressed outpatients: Relationship of presence and severity of depression to neuropsychological test scores. Neuropsychology 1995; 9:390-398.
42. Lesser IM, Boone KB, Mehringer CM, et al. Cognition and white matter hyperintensities in older depressed patients. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:1280-1287.
43. Elderkin-Thompson V, Moody T, Knowlton B, et al. Explicit and implicit memory in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 19:249-255.
44. Panza F, Frisardi V, Capurso C, et al. Late-life depression, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia: possible continuum? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2010; 18:98-116.
45. Potter GG, Wagner H, Ryan B, James R, et al. Neuropsychological predictors of dementia in late-life major depressive disorder. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 21:297-306.
46. Brown PJ, Liu X, Sneed JR, et al. Speed of processing and depression affect function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 21:675-684.
47. Alexopoulos GS. Role of executive function in late-life depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 14:18-23.
48. Elderkin-Thompson V, Mintz J, Haroon E, et al. Executive dysfunction and memory in older patients with major and minor depression. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2007; 22:261-270.
49. Butters MA, Whyte EM, Nebes RD, et al. The nature and determinants of neuropsychological functioning in late-life depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61:587-595.
50. Sheline YI, Barch DM, Garcia K, et al. Cognitive function in late life depression: Relationships to depression severity, cerebrovascular risk factors and processing speed. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60:58-65.
51. Köhler S, Thomas AJ, Barnett NA, O'Brien JT. The pattern and course of cognitive impairment in late-life depression. Psychol Med 2010; 40:591-602.
52. Sexton CE, McDermott L, Kalu UG, et al. Exploring the pattern and neural correlates of neuropsychological impairment in late-life depression. Psychol Med 2012; 42:1195-1202.
53. Pimontel MA, Reinlieb ME, Johnert LC, et al. The external validity of MRI defined vascular depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 28:1189-1196.
54. Sheline YI, Pieper CF, Barch DM, et al. Support for the vascular depression hypothesis in late-life depression: Results of a 2-site, prospective, antidepressant treatment trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010; 67:277-285.
55. Yeh Y-C, Tsang H-Y, Lin P-Y, et al. Subtypes of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly with major depressive disorder in remission. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 19:923-931.
56. Barch DM, D'Angelo G, Pieper C, et al. Cognitive improvement following treatment in late-life depression: Relationship to vascular risk and age of onset. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 20:682-690.
57. Paranthaman RA, Greenstein AS, Burns AM, et al. Relationship of endothelial function and atherosclerosis to treatment response in late life depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 27:967-973.
58. Paranthaman R, Burns AS, Cruickshank JK, et al. Age at onset and vascular pathology in late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 20:524-532.
59. Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Jiang W, Konick L, et al. Morphometric analysis of vascular pathology in the orbitofrontal cortex of older subjects with major depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 28:959-970.
60. Pantoni L. Cerebral small vessel disease: from pathogenesis and clinical characteristics to therapeutic challenges. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9:689-701.
61. Stern Y. What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2002; 8:448-460.
62. Alexopoulos GS. Depression in the elderly. Lancet 2005; 365:1961-1970.