메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 184, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 23-53

A review of the multi-level adaptations for maximizing aerobic dive duration in marine mammals: From biochemistry to behavior

Author keywords

Adaptation; Dive response; Fitness; Marine mammal; Physiological homeostasis

Indexed keywords

GLOBIN; OXYGEN;

EID: 84891892356     PISSN: 01741578     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00360-013-0782-z     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (78)

References (212)
  • 1
    • 0027737791 scopus 로고
    • Water conservation and protein metabolism in northern elephant seal pups during the postweaning fast
    • Adams SH, Costa DP (1993) Water conservation and protein metabolism in northern elephant seal pups during the postweaning fast. J Comp Physiol B 163: 367-373.
    • (1993) J Comp Physiol B , vol.163 , pp. 367-373
    • Adams, S.H.1    Costa, D.P.2
  • 3
    • 0013901465 scopus 로고
    • Physiological adaptations in diving vertebrates
    • Andersen HT (1966) Physiological adaptations in diving vertebrates. Physiol Rev 46: 212-243.
    • (1966) Physiol Rev , vol.46 , pp. 212-243
    • Andersen, H.T.1
  • 5
    • 0009893515 scopus 로고
    • Lecons Sur La Physiologie Comparee De La Respiration
    • In: Bailliere JB et Fils (ed)
    • Bert P (1870) Lecons Sur La Physiologie Comparee De La Respiration. In: Bailliere JB et Fils (ed) Paris. 1870, p 526-553.
    • (1870) Paris , vol.1870 , pp. 526-553
    • Bert, P.1
  • 6
    • 0000497891 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac output and blood flow distribution during swimming and voluntary diving of the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)
    • Bevan RM, Butler PJ (1992) Cardiac output and blood flow distribution during swimming and voluntary diving of the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula). J Exp Biol 168: 199-217.
    • (1992) J Exp Biol , vol.168 , pp. 199-217
    • Bevan, R.M.1    Butler, P.J.2
  • 7
    • 0015190431 scopus 로고
    • Effect of a high-fat diet on pancreatic insulin release, glucose tolerance and hepatic gluconeogenesis in male rats
    • Blazquez E, Castro M, Herrera E (1971) Effect of a high-fat diet on pancreatic insulin release, glucose tolerance and hepatic gluconeogenesis in male rats. Rev Espan Fisiol 27: 297-304.
    • (1971) Rev Espan Fisiol , vol.27 , pp. 297-304
    • Blazquez, E.1    Castro, M.2    Herrera, E.3
  • 8
    • 0000767759 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular adjustments to diving in mammals and birds
    • J. T. Shepherd and F. M. Abboud (Eds.), Bethesda: Am Physiol Soc
    • Blix AS, Folkow B (1983) Cardiovascular adjustments to diving in mammals and birds. In: Shepherd JT, Abboud FM (eds) Handbook of physiology: the cardiovascular system, section 2. Am Physiol Soc, Bethesda, pp 917-945.
    • (1983) Handbook of Physiology: The Cardiovascular System, Section 2 , pp. 917-945
    • Blix, A.S.1    Folkow, B.2
  • 10
    • 0009952152 scopus 로고
    • Renal function in the Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) during asphyxial ischemia and pyrogenic hyperemia
    • Bradley SE, Bing RS (1942) Renal function in the Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) during asphyxial ischemia and pyrogenic hyperemia. J Cell Comp Physiol 19: 229-237.
    • (1942) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.19 , pp. 229-237
    • Bradley, S.E.1    Bing, R.S.2
  • 11
    • 0003022260 scopus 로고
    • The renal excretion of sodium, potassium, and water by the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina): effect of apnea; sodium, potassium, and water loading; pitressin; and mercurial diuresis
    • Bradley SE, Mudge GH, Blake WD (1954) The renal excretion of sodium, potassium, and water by the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina): effect of apnea; sodium, potassium, and water loading; pitressin; and mercurial diuresis. J Cell Comp Physiol 43: 1-22.
    • (1954) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.43 , pp. 1-22
    • Bradley, S.E.1    Mudge, G.H.2    Blake, W.D.3
  • 13
    • 0036219963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues
    • Burmester T, Ebner B, Weich B, Hankeln T (2002) Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues. Mol Biol Evol 19: 416-421.
    • (2002) Mol Biol Evol , vol.19 , pp. 416-421
    • Burmester, T.1    Ebner, B.2    Weich, B.3    Hankeln, T.4
  • 14
    • 25844488929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of body oxygen stores in harbor seals: effects of age, mass and body composition
    • Burns JM, Costa DP, Frost K, Harvey JT (2005) Development of body oxygen stores in harbor seals: effects of age, mass and body composition. Physiol Biochem Zool 78: 1057-1068.
    • (2005) Physiol Biochem Zool , vol.78 , pp. 1057-1068
    • Burns, J.M.1    Costa, D.P.2    Frost, K.3    Harvey, J.T.4
  • 15
    • 34547117849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size and distribution of oxygen stores in harp and hooded seals from birth to maturity
    • Burns JM, Lestyk KC, Folkow LP, Hammill MO, Blix AS (2007) Size and distribution of oxygen stores in harp and hooded seals from birth to maturity. J Comp Physiol B 177: 687-700.
    • (2007) J Comp Physiol B , vol.177 , pp. 687-700
    • Burns, J.M.1    Lestyk, K.C.2    Folkow, L.P.3    Hammill, M.O.4    Blix, A.S.5
  • 16
    • 0002707131 scopus 로고
    • The exercise response and the "classical" diving response during natural submersion in birds and mammals
    • Butler PJ (1988) The exercise response and the "classical" diving response during natural submersion in birds and mammals. Can J Zool 66: 29-39.
    • (1988) Can J Zool , vol.66 , pp. 29-39
    • Butler, P.J.1
  • 17
    • 0020011397 scopus 로고
    • The comparative physiology of diving in vertebrates
    • Butler PJ, Jones DR (1982) The comparative physiology of diving in vertebrates. Adv Comp Physiol Biochem 8: 179-364.
    • (1982) Adv Comp Physiol Biochem , vol.8 , pp. 179-364
    • Butler, P.J.1    Jones, D.R.2
  • 18
    • 0030752306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology of diving of birds and mammals
    • Butler PJ, Jones DR (1997) Physiology of diving of birds and mammals. Physiol Rev 77: 837-899.
    • (1997) Physiol Rev , vol.77 , pp. 837-899
    • Butler, P.J.1    Jones, D.R.2
  • 19
    • 0026915322 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption during steady-state swimming in California sea lions
    • Butler PJ, Woakes AJ, Boyd IL, Kanatous S (1992) Relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption during steady-state swimming in California sea lions. J Exp Biol 170: 35-42.
    • (1992) J Exp Biol , vol.170 , pp. 35-42
    • Butler, P.J.1    Woakes, A.J.2    Boyd, I.L.3    Kanatous, S.4
  • 20
    • 0031009420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen
    • Cabanac A, Folkow LP, Blix AS (1997) Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen. J Appl Physiol 82: 1989-1994.
    • (1997) J Appl Physiol , vol.82 , pp. 1989-1994
    • Cabanac, A.1    Folkow, L.P.2    Blix, A.S.3
  • 21
    • 0033136913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure and blood-storing function of the spleen of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)
    • Cabanac AJ, Messelt EB, Folkow LP, Blix AS (1999) The structure and blood-storing function of the spleen of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata). J Zool Lond 248: 75-81.
    • (1999) J Zool Lond , vol.248 , pp. 75-81
    • Cabanac, A.J.1    Messelt, E.B.2    Folkow, L.P.3    Blix, A.S.4
  • 22
    • 0344321430 scopus 로고
    • Closed systems: resolving potentially conflicting demands of diving and exercise in marine mammals
    • R. Gilles (Ed.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Castellini MA (1985) Closed systems: resolving potentially conflicting demands of diving and exercise in marine mammals. In: Gilles R (ed) Circulation, respiration and metabolism current comparative approaches. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 219-226.
    • (1985) Circulation, Respiration and Metabolism Current Comparative Approaches , pp. 219-226
    • Castellini, M.A.1
  • 23
    • 84868110613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life under water: physiological adaptations to diving and living at sea
    • Castellini MA (2012) Life under water: physiological adaptations to diving and living at sea. Compr Physiol 2: 1889-1919.
    • (2012) Compr Physiol , vol.2 , pp. 1889-1919
    • Castellini, M.A.1
  • 24
    • 8444250315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the limits of diving biochemistry in marine mammals
    • Castellini MA, Castellini JM (2004) Defining the limits of diving biochemistry in marine mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol B 139: 509-518.
    • (2004) Comp Biochem Physiol B , vol.139 , pp. 509-518
    • Castellini, M.A.1    Castellini, J.M.2
  • 25
    • 0001314635 scopus 로고
    • Glycolytic enzyme activities in tissue of marine and terrestrial mammals
    • Castellini MA, Somero GN, Kooyman GL (1981) Glycolytic enzyme activities in tissue of marine and terrestrial mammals. Physiol Zool 54: 242-252.
    • (1981) Physiol Zool , vol.54 , pp. 242-252
    • Castellini, M.A.1    Somero, G.N.2    Kooyman, G.L.3
  • 28
    • 0001744166 scopus 로고
    • Blood chemistry regulation during repetitive dives in Weddell seals
    • Castellini MA, Davis RW, Kooyman GL (1988) Blood chemistry regulation during repetitive dives in Weddell seals. Physiol Zool 61: 379-386.
    • (1988) Physiol Zool , vol.61 , pp. 379-386
    • Castellini, M.A.1    Davis, R.W.2    Kooyman, G.L.3
  • 29
    • 0026841198 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic rates of freely diving Weddell seals: correlations with oxygen stores, swim velocity and diving duration
    • Castellini MA, Kooyman GL, Ponganis PJ (1992) Metabolic rates of freely diving Weddell seals: correlations with oxygen stores, swim velocity and diving duration. J Exp Biol 165: 181-194.
    • (1992) J Exp Biol , vol.165 , pp. 181-194
    • Castellini, M.A.1    Kooyman, G.L.2    Ponganis, P.J.3
  • 31
    • 15944393548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose production and substrate cycle activity in a fasting adapted animal, the northern elephant seal
    • Champagne CD, Houser DS, Crocker DE (2005) Glucose production and substrate cycle activity in a fasting adapted animal, the northern elephant seal. J Exp Biol 208: 859-868.
    • (2005) J Exp Biol , vol.208 , pp. 859-868
    • Champagne, C.D.1    Houser, D.S.2    Crocker, D.E.3
  • 32
    • 33749340254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism during lactation in a fasting animal, the northern elephant seal
    • Champagne CD, Houser DS, Crocker DE (2006) Glucose metabolism during lactation in a fasting animal, the northern elephant seal. Am J Physiol 291: R1129-R1137.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol , vol.291
    • Champagne, C.D.1    Houser, D.S.2    Crocker, D.E.3
  • 33
    • 84865621762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gluconeogenesis is associated with high rates of tricarboxylic acid and pyruvate cycling in fasting northern elephant seals
    • Champagne CD, Houser DS, Fowler MA, Costa DP, Crocker DE (2012) Gluconeogenesis is associated with high rates of tricarboxylic acid and pyruvate cycling in fasting northern elephant seals. Am J Physiol 303: R340-R352.
    • (2012) Am J Physiol , vol.303
    • Champagne, C.D.1    Houser, D.S.2    Fowler, M.A.3    Costa, D.P.4    Crocker, D.E.5
  • 34
    • 33846572315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of total body oxygen store development in nursing harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
    • Clark CA, Burns JM, Schreer JF, Hammill MO (2007) A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of total body oxygen store development in nursing harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). J Comp Physiol 177: 217-227.
    • (2007) J Comp Physiol , vol.177 , pp. 217-227
    • Clark, C.A.1    Burns, J.M.2    Schreer, J.F.3    Hammill, M.O.4
  • 35
    • 0023482477 scopus 로고
    • The physiological transition from fasting to feeding in weaned elephant seal pups
    • Condit RS, Ortiz CL (1987) The physiological transition from fasting to feeding in weaned elephant seal pups. Mar Mam Sci 3: 207-219.
    • (1987) Mar Mam Sci , vol.3 , pp. 207-219
    • Condit, R.S.1    Ortiz, C.L.2
  • 36
    • 0023259164 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand: IV. Capillaries and their relationship to oxidative capacity
    • Conley KE, Kayar SR, Rosler K, Hoppler H, Weibel ER, Taylor CR (1987) Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand: IV. Capillaries and their relationship to oxidative capacity. Res Physiol 69: 47-64.
    • (1987) Res Physiol , vol.69 , pp. 47-64
    • Conley, K.E.1    Kayar, S.R.2    Rosler, K.3    Hoppler, H.4    Weibel, E.R.5    Taylor, C.R.6
  • 37
    • 0032790416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology of the lymphoid organs of the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
    • Cowan DF, Smith TL (1999) Morphology of the lymphoid organs of the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. J Anat 194: 505-517.
    • (1999) J Anat , vol.194 , pp. 505-517
    • Cowan, D.F.1    Smith, T.L.2
  • 38
    • 0032169476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein catabolism and renal function in lactating northern elephant seals
    • Crocker DE, Webb PM, Costa DP, Le Boeuf BJ (1998) Protein catabolism and renal function in lactating northern elephant seals. Physiol Zool 71: 485-491.
    • (1998) Physiol Zool , vol.71 , pp. 485-491
    • Crocker, D.E.1    Webb, P.M.2    Costa, D.P.3    Le Boeuf, B.J.4
  • 39
    • 84870168733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerobic dive limits of seals with mutant myoglobin using combined thermochemical and physiological data
    • Dasmeh P, Davis RW, Kepp KP (2013) Aerobic dive limits of seals with mutant myoglobin using combined thermochemical and physiological data. Comp Biochem Physiol A 164: 119-128.
    • (2013) Comp Biochem Physiol A , vol.164 , pp. 119-128
    • Dasmeh, P.1    Davis, R.W.2    Kepp, K.P.3
  • 40
    • 0001499652 scopus 로고
    • Lactate and glucose metabolism in the resting and diving harbor seal (Phoca vitulina)
    • Davis RW (1983) Lactate and glucose metabolism in the resting and diving harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). J Comp Physiol 153: 275-288.
    • (1983) J Comp Physiol , vol.153 , pp. 275-288
    • Davis, R.W.1
  • 41
    • 0033136205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective oxygen transport and tissue oxygen consumption in Weddell seals during aerobic dives
    • Davis RW, Kanatous SB (1999) Convective oxygen transport and tissue oxygen consumption in Weddell seals during aerobic dives. J Exp Biol 202: 1091-1113.
    • (1999) J Exp Biol , vol.202 , pp. 1091-1113
    • Davis, R.W.1    Kanatous, S.B.2
  • 42
    • 35848949568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotion in deep diving elephant seals: physical and physiological constraints
    • Davis RW, Weihs D (2007) Locomotion in deep diving elephant seals: physical and physiological constraints. Phil Trans R Soc B 362: 2141-2150.
    • (2007) Phil Trans R Soc B , vol.362 , pp. 2141-2150
    • Davis, R.W.1    Weihs, D.2
  • 43
    • 84864918746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dive response is exercise modulated to maximize aerobic dive duration
    • Davis RW, Williams TM (2012) The dive response is exercise modulated to maximize aerobic dive duration. J Comp Physiol A 198: 583-591.
    • (2012) J Comp Physiol A , vol.198 , pp. 583-591
    • Davis, R.W.1    Williams, T.M.2
  • 44
    • 0020858815 scopus 로고
    • Renal glomerular filtration rate and hepatic blood flow during voluntary dives in Weddell seals
    • Davis RW, Castellini MA, Kooyman GL, Maue R (1983) Renal glomerular filtration rate and hepatic blood flow during voluntary dives in Weddell seals. Am J Phys 245: R743-R748.
    • (1983) Am J Phys , vol.245
    • Davis, R.W.1    Castellini, M.A.2    Kooyman, G.L.3    Maue, R.4
  • 45
    • 0025981168 scopus 로고
    • Fuel homeostasis in harbor seals during submerged swimming
    • Davis RW, Castellini MA, Kooyman GL (1991a) Fuel homeostasis in harbor seals during submerged swimming. J Comp Physiol 160: 627-635.
    • (1991) J Comp Physiol , vol.160 , pp. 627-635
    • Davis, R.W.1    Castellini, M.A.2    Kooyman, G.L.3
  • 47
    • 0008832013 scopus 로고
    • Role of plasma and tissue lipids in the energy metabolism of the harbour seal
    • Davis RW, Beltz WF, Peralta F, Witztum JL (1993) Role of plasma and tissue lipids in the energy metabolism of the harbour seal. Symp Zool Soc Lond 66: 369-382.
    • (1993) Symp Zool Soc Lond , vol.66 , pp. 369-382
    • Davis, R.W.1    Beltz, W.F.2    Peralta, F.3    Witztum, J.L.4
  • 49
    • 0034964583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional movements and swimming activity of a female northern elephant seal
    • Davis RW, Fuiman L, Williams TM, Le Boeuf BJ (2001) Three-dimensional movements and swimming activity of a female northern elephant seal. Comp Biochem Physiol A 129: 759-770.
    • (2001) Comp Biochem Physiol A , vol.129 , pp. 759-770
    • Davis, R.W.1    Fuiman, L.2    Williams, T.M.3    Le Boeuf, B.J.4
  • 50
    • 1642564087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of Weddell seal dives based on three-dimensional movements and video recorded observations
    • Davis RW, Fuiman LA, Williams TM, Horning M, Hagey W (2003) Classification of Weddell seal dives based on three-dimensional movements and video recorded observations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 264: 109-122.
    • (2003) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.264 , pp. 109-122
    • Davis, R.W.1    Fuiman, L.A.2    Williams, T.M.3    Horning, M.4    Hagey, W.5
  • 51
    • 84875604363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification and behavior of free-ranging Weddell seal dives based on three-dimensional movements and video-recorded observations
    • Davis RW, Madden K, Fuiman LA, Williams TM (2013) Classification and behavior of free-ranging Weddell seal dives based on three-dimensional movements and video-recorded observations. Deep Sea Res II 88: 65-77.
    • (2013) Deep Sea Res II , vol.88 , pp. 65-77
    • Davis, R.W.1    Madden, K.2    Fuiman, L.A.3    Williams, T.M.4
  • 52
    • 0016152843 scopus 로고
    • Comparative studies of the respiratory functions of mammalian blood X. Killer whale (Orcinus orca linnaeus) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas)
    • Dhindsa DS, Metcalfe J, Hoversland AS, Hartman RA (1974) Comparative studies of the respiratory functions of mammalian blood X. Killer whale (Orcinus orca linnaeus) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas). Resp Physiol 20: 93-103.
    • (1974) Resp Physiol , vol.20 , pp. 93-103
    • Dhindsa, D.S.1    Metcalfe, J.2    Hoversland, A.S.3    Hartman, R.A.4
  • 54
    • 0016771069 scopus 로고
    • Scaling of renal functions in mammals
    • Edwards NA (1975) Scaling of renal functions in mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol 53: 63-66.
    • (1975) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.53 , pp. 63-66
    • Edwards, N.A.1
  • 55
    • 0016262606 scopus 로고
    • Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis without a rise of glucagon secretion in rats fed a high fat diet
    • Eisenstein AB, Strack I, Steiner A (1974) Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis without a rise of glucagon secretion in rats fed a high fat diet. Diabetes 23: 869-875.
    • (1974) Diabetes , vol.23 , pp. 869-875
    • Eisenstein, A.B.1    Strack, I.2    Steiner, A.3
  • 56
    • 0004131366 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Elsner R, Gooden B (1983) Diving and asphyxia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1-59.
    • (1983) Diving and Asphyxia , pp. 1-59
    • Elsner, R.1    Gooden, B.2
  • 57
    • 0345602958 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac output during diving in an unrestrained sea lion
    • Elsner R, Franklin DL, van Citters RL (1964) Cardiac output during diving in an unrestrained sea lion. Nature 202: 809-810.
    • (1964) Nature , vol.202 , pp. 809-810
    • Elsner, R.1    Franklin, D.L.2    van Citters, R.L.3
  • 59
    • 0003111417 scopus 로고
    • Diving and exercise in seals: A benthic perspective
    • G. Sundnes, A. O. Brubakk, and J. W. Kanwisher (Eds.), Tapir: Trondheim
    • Fedak MA (1986) Diving and exercise in seals: A benthic perspective. In: Sundnes G, Brubakk AO, Kanwisher JW (eds) Diving in animals and man. Trondheim, Tapir, pp 11-32.
    • (1986) Diving in Animals and Man , pp. 11-32
    • Fedak, M.A.1
  • 60
    • 33745969560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transitions from drag-based to lift-based propulsion in mammalian swimming
    • Fish FE (1996) Transitions from drag-based to lift-based propulsion in mammalian swimming. Amer Zool 36: 628-641.
    • (1996) Amer Zool , vol.36 , pp. 628-641
    • Fish, F.E.1
  • 61
    • 0034491879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomechanics and energetics in aquatic and semiaquatic mammals: platypus to whale
    • Fish FE (2000) Biomechanics and energetics in aquatic and semiaquatic mammals: platypus to whale. Physiol Biocheml Zool 73: 683-698.
    • (2000) Physiol Biocheml Zool , vol.73 , pp. 683-698
    • Fish, F.E.1
  • 62
    • 0033056586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diving behaviour of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) in the Greenland and Norwegian Seas
    • Folkow LP, Blix AS (1999) Diving behaviour of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) in the Greenland and Norwegian Seas. Polar Biol 22: 61-74.
    • (1999) Polar Biol , vol.22 , pp. 61-74
    • Folkow, L.P.1    Blix, A.S.2
  • 63
    • 2442566729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and diving behaviour of harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) from the Greenland Sea stock
    • Folkow LP, Nordøy ES, Blix AS (2004) Distribution and diving behaviour of harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) from the Greenland Sea stock. Polar Biol 27: 281-298.
    • (2004) Polar Biol , vol.27 , pp. 281-298
    • Folkow, L.P.1    Nordøy, E.S.2    Blix, A.S.3
  • 64
    • 34548410991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of oxygen stores and physiological diving capability in Australian sea lions
    • Fowler SL, Costa DP, Arnould JPY, Gales NJ, Burns JM (2007) Ontogeny of oxygen stores and physiological diving capability in Australian sea lions. Funct Ecol 21: 922-935.
    • (2007) Funct Ecol , vol.21 , pp. 922-935
    • Fowler, S.L.1    Costa, D.P.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3    Gales, N.J.4    Burns, J.M.5
  • 65
    • 33947205660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of foraging dives by Weddell seals at an offshore isolated hole in the Antarctic fast-ice environment
    • Fuiman LA, Madden KM, Williams TM, Davis RW (2007) Structure of foraging dives by Weddell seals at an offshore isolated hole in the Antarctic fast-ice environment. Deep Sea Res II 54: 270-289.
    • (2007) Deep Sea Res II , vol.54 , pp. 270-289
    • Fuiman, L.A.1    Madden, K.M.2    Williams, T.M.3    Davis, R.W.4
  • 66
    • 0344584498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptations to diving hypoxia in the heart, kidneys and splanchnic organs of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
    • Fuson AL, Cowan DF, Kanatous SB, Polasek LK, Davis RW (2003) Adaptations to diving hypoxia in the heart, kidneys and splanchnic organs of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). J Exp Biol 206: 4139-4154.
    • (2003) J Exp Biol , vol.206 , pp. 4139-4154
    • Fuson, A.L.1    Cowan, D.F.2    Kanatous, S.B.3    Polasek, L.K.4    Davis, R.W.5
  • 67
    • 0001347934 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and respiration of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis)
    • Gallivan GJ, Best RC (1980) Metabolism and respiration of the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis). Physiol Zool 53: 245-253.
    • (1980) Physiol Zool , vol.53 , pp. 245-253
    • Gallivan, G.J.1    Best, R.C.2
  • 68
    • 0014975678 scopus 로고
    • The harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus (Erxleben, 1777). VII. A histophysiological study of certain skeletal muscles
    • George JC, Vallyathan NV, Ronald K (1971) The harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus (Erxleben, 1777). VII. A histophysiological study of certain skeletal muscles. Can J Zool 49: 25-30.
    • (1971) Can J Zool , vol.49 , pp. 25-30
    • George, J.C.1    Vallyathan, N.V.2    Ronald, K.3
  • 73
    • 0016372364 scopus 로고
    • Renal recovery from ischemia: a comparative study of harbor seal and dog kidneys
    • Halasz NA, Elsner R, Garvie RS, Grotke GT (1974) Renal recovery from ischemia: a comparative study of harbor seal and dog kidneys. Am J Physiol 227: 1331-1335.
    • (1974) Am J Physiol , vol.227 , pp. 1331-1335
    • Halasz, N.A.1    Elsner, R.2    Garvie, R.S.3    Grotke, G.T.4
  • 76
    • 0011378284 scopus 로고
    • The energetics of harbor seals in air and water with special consideration of seasonal changes
    • Hart JS, Irving L (1959) The energetics of harbor seals in air and water with special consideration of seasonal changes. Can J Zool 37: 447-457.
    • (1959) Can J Zool , vol.37 , pp. 447-457
    • Hart, J.S.1    Irving, L.2
  • 78
    • 0000753085 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food on the glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow in the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina)
    • Hiatt EP, Hiatt RB (1942) The effect of food on the glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow in the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). J Cell Comp Physiol 19: 221-227.
    • (1942) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.19 , pp. 221-227
    • Hiatt, E.P.1    Hiatt, R.B.2
  • 80
    • 0000398578 scopus 로고
    • Physiological implications of continuous, prolonged and deep dives of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina)
    • Hindell MADJ, Slip HR, Bryden MM (1992) Physiological implications of continuous, prolonged and deep dives of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina). Can J Zool 70: 370-379.
    • (1992) Can J Zool , vol.70 , pp. 370-379
    • Hindell, M.A.D.J.1    Slip, H.R.2    Bryden, M.M.3
  • 81
    • 0037175224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-scale three-dimensional spatial use by diving, lactating female Weddell seals Leptonychotes Weddellii
    • Hindell MA, Harcourt R, Waas JR, Thompson D (2002) Fine-scale three-dimensional spatial use by diving, lactating female Weddell seals Leptonychotes Weddellii. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 242: 275-284.
    • (2002) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.242 , pp. 275-284
    • Hindell, M.A.1    Harcourt, R.2    Waas, J.R.3    Thompson, D.4
  • 82
    • 0017156639 scopus 로고
    • Design of metabolic and enzymatic machinery to fit lifestyle and environment
    • Hochachka PW (1976) Design of metabolic and enzymatic machinery to fit lifestyle and environment. Biochem Soc Symp 41: 3-31.
    • (1976) Biochem Soc Symp , vol.41 , pp. 3-31
    • Hochachka, P.W.1
  • 83
    • 0019855862 scopus 로고
    • Brain, lung, and heart functions during diving and recovery
    • Hochachka PW (1981) Brain, lung, and heart functions during diving and recovery. Science 212: 509-514.
    • (1981) Science , vol.212 , pp. 509-514
    • Hochachka, P.W.1
  • 86
    • 0023196230 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand. III. Skeletal muscles set the demand for oxygen
    • Hoppeler H, Kayar SR, Claassen H, Uhlmann E, Karas RH (1987) Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand. III. Skeletal muscles set the demand for oxygen. Respir Physiol 69: 27-46.
    • (1987) Respir Physiol , vol.69 , pp. 27-46
    • Hoppeler, H.1    Kayar, S.R.2    Claassen, H.3    Uhlmann, E.4    Karas, R.H.5
  • 87
    • 0033837861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid metabolism during endurance exercise
    • Horowitz JF, Klein S (2000) Lipid metabolism during endurance exercise. Am J Clin Nutr 72: 558-563.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.72 , pp. 558-563
    • Horowitz, J.F.1    Klein, S.2
  • 88
    • 0035209188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein catabolism in suckling and fasting northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris)
    • Houser DS, Costa DP (2001) Protein catabolism in suckling and fasting northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris). J Comp Physiol B 171: 635-642.
    • (2001) J Comp Physiol B , vol.171 , pp. 635-642
    • Houser, D.S.1    Costa, D.P.2
  • 89
    • 36849056679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipolysis and glycerol gluconeogenesis in simultaneously fasting and lactating northern elephant seals
    • Houser DS, Champagne CD, Crocker DE (2007) Lipolysis and glycerol gluconeogenesis in simultaneously fasting and lactating northern elephant seals. Am J Physiol 293: R2376-R2381.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol , vol.293
    • Houser, D.S.1    Champagne, C.D.2    Crocker, D.E.3
  • 91
    • 33845930976 scopus 로고
    • On the ability of mammals to survive without breathing
    • Irving L (1933) On the ability of mammals to survive without breathing. Collect Net 8: 138-141.
    • (1933) Collect Net , vol.8 , pp. 138-141
    • Irving, L.1
  • 92
    • 0000287432 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the blood flow through the brain and muscles during the arrest of breathing
    • Irving L (1938) Changes in the blood flow through the brain and muscles during the arrest of breathing. Am J Physiol 122: 207-214.
    • (1938) Am J Physiol , vol.122 , pp. 207-214
    • Irving, L.1
  • 93
    • 0008152953 scopus 로고
    • Respiration in diving mammals
    • Irving L (1939a) Respiration in diving mammals. Physiol Rev 19: 112-134.
    • (1939) Physiol Rev , vol.19 , pp. 112-134
    • Irving, L.1
  • 94
    • 0000287432 scopus 로고
    • Changes m blood flow through the brain and muscle during arrest of breathing
    • Irving L (1939b) Changes m blood flow through the brain and muscle during arrest of breathing. Am J Physiol 122: 207-214.
    • (1939) Am J Physiol , vol.122 , pp. 207-214
    • Irving, L.1
  • 96
    • 0342635929 scopus 로고
    • Significance of the heart rate to the diving ability of seals
    • Irving L, Scholander PF, Grinnell SW (1941a) Significance of the heart rate to the diving ability of seals. J Cell Comp Physiol 18: 283-297.
    • (1941) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.18 , pp. 283-297
    • Irving, L.1    Scholander, P.F.2    Grinnell, S.W.3
  • 98
    • 0001672296 scopus 로고
    • The regulation of arterial blood pressure in the seal during diving
    • Irving L, Scholander PF, Grinnell SW (1942) The regulation of arterial blood pressure in the seal during diving. Am J Physiol 135: 557-566.
    • (1942) Am J Physiol , vol.135 , pp. 557-566
    • Irving, L.1    Scholander, P.F.2    Grinnell, S.W.3
  • 99
    • 0035745717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of training on forced submersion responses in harbor seals
    • Jobsis PD, Ponganis PJ, Kooyman GL (2001) Effects of training on forced submersion responses in harbor seals. J Exp Biol 204: 3877-3885.
    • (2001) J Exp Biol , vol.204 , pp. 3877-3885
    • Jobsis, P.D.1    Ponganis, P.J.2    Kooyman, G.L.3
  • 100
    • 78651116336 scopus 로고
    • Central cardiovascular responses to submersion asphyxia in the duck
    • Johansen K, Aakhus T (1963) Central cardiovascular responses to submersion asphyxia in the duck. Am J Physiol 205: 1167-1171.
    • (1963) Am J Physiol , vol.205 , pp. 1167-1171
    • Johansen, K.1    Aakhus, T.2
  • 101
    • 0015802003 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate during breathholding and diving in the unrestrained harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardi)
    • Jones DR, Fisher HD, McTaggart S, West NH (1973) Heart rate during breathholding and diving in the unrestrained harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardi). Can J Zool 51: 671-680.
    • (1973) Can J Zool , vol.51 , pp. 671-680
    • Jones, D.R.1    Fisher, H.D.2    McTaggart, S.3    West, N.H.4
  • 102
    • 0032959881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High aerobic capacities in the skeletal muscles of seals, sea lions and fur seals: an adaptation to diving hypoxia
    • Kanatous SB, Davis RW, DiMichele LV, Cowan DF (1999) High aerobic capacities in the skeletal muscles of seals, sea lions and fur seals: an adaptation to diving hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 86: 1247-1256.
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.86 , pp. 1247-1256
    • Kanatous, S.B.1    Davis, R.W.2    DiMichele, L.V.3    Cowan, D.F.4
  • 106
    • 84986840994 scopus 로고
    • Glucose kinetics in neonatal elephant seals during post-weaning aphagia
    • Keith EO, Ortiz CL (1989) Glucose kinetics in neonatal elephant seals during post-weaning aphagia. Mar Mammal Sci 5: 99-115.
    • (1989) Mar Mammal Sci , vol.5 , pp. 99-115
    • Keith, E.O.1    Ortiz, C.L.2
  • 107
    • 0015711813 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral tolerance to asphyxial hypoxia in the harbor seal
    • Kerem D, Elsner R (1973) Cerebral tolerance to asphyxial hypoxia in the harbor seal. Resp Physiol 19: 188-200.
    • (1973) Resp Physiol , vol.19 , pp. 188-200
    • Kerem, D.1    Elsner, R.2
  • 108
    • 0015797093 scopus 로고
    • Tissue glycogen levels in the Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii: a possible adaptation to asphyxial hypoxia
    • Kerem D, Hammond DD, Elsner R (1973) Tissue glycogen levels in the Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii: a possible adaptation to asphyxial hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol 45: 731-736.
    • (1973) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.45 , pp. 731-736
    • Kerem, D.1    Hammond, D.D.2    Elsner, R.3
  • 109
    • 0019082782 scopus 로고
    • Glucose homeostasis in a carnivorous animal (cat) and in rats fed a high-protein diet
    • Kettelhut IC, Foss MC, Migliorini RH (1980) Glucose homeostasis in a carnivorous animal (cat) and in rats fed a high-protein diet. Am J Physiol 239: R437-R444.
    • (1980) Am J Physiol , vol.239
    • Kettelhut, I.C.1    Foss, M.C.2    Migliorini, R.H.3
  • 110
    • 85178366862 scopus 로고
    • Hormones and fuel regulation in fasting elephant seals
    • B. J. BoeufLe and R. M. Laws (Eds.), Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Kirby VL, Ortiz CL (1994) Hormones and fuel regulation in fasting elephant seals. In: Le Boeuf BJ, Laws RM (eds) Elephant seals: population ecology, behavior, and physiology. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp 374-386.
    • (1994) Elephant Seals: Population Ecology, Behavior, and Physiology , pp. 374-386
    • Kirby, V.L.1    Ortiz, C.L.2
  • 111
    • 84937002385 scopus 로고
    • Techniques used in measuring diving capacities of Weddell seals
    • Kooyman GL (1965) Techniques used in measuring diving capacities of Weddell seals. Polar Rec 12: 391-394.
    • (1965) Polar Rec , vol.12 , pp. 391-394
    • Kooyman, G.L.1
  • 112
    • 37049236944 scopus 로고
    • Maximum diving capacities of the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli)
    • Kooyman GL (1966) Maximum diving capacities of the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli). Science 151: 1553-1554.
    • (1966) Science , vol.151 , pp. 1553-1554
    • Kooyman, G.L.1
  • 113
    • 77957214589 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory adaptions in marine mammals
    • Kooyman GL (1973) Respiratory adaptions in marine mammals. Integr Comp Biol 13: 457-468.
    • (1973) Integr Comp Biol , vol.13 , pp. 457-468
    • Kooyman, G.L.1
  • 115
    • 0015390306 scopus 로고
    • Heart rates in freely diving Weddell Seals, Leptonychotes weddelli
    • Kooyman GL, Campbell WB (1972) Heart rates in freely diving Weddell Seals, Leptonychotes weddelli. Comp Biochem Physiol 43A: 31-36.
    • (1972) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.43 A , pp. 31-36
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Campbell, W.B.2
  • 116
    • 0031897566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological basis of giving to depth: birds and mammals
    • Kooyman GL, Ponganis PJ (1998) The physiological basis of giving to depth: birds and mammals. Annu Rev Physiol 60: 19-32.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.60 , pp. 19-32
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Ponganis, P.J.2
  • 117
    • 0015103908 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary function in freely diving Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddellii
    • Kooyman GL, Kerem DH, Campbell WB, Wright JJ (1971) Pulmonary function in freely diving Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddellii. Res Physiol 12: 271-282.
    • (1971) Res Physiol , vol.12 , pp. 271-282
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Kerem, D.H.2    Campbell, W.B.3    Wright, J.J.4
  • 118
    • 0015608016 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary gas exchange in freely diving Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddellii
    • Kooyman GL, Kerem DH, Campbell WB, Wright JJ (1973) Pulmonary gas exchange in freely diving Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddellii. Res Physiol 17: 283-290.
    • (1973) Res Physiol , vol.17 , pp. 283-290
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Kerem, D.H.2    Campbell, W.B.3    Wright, J.J.4
  • 119
    • 34250258336 scopus 로고
    • Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during voluntary diving in Weddell seals: evidence of preferred pathways from blood chemistry and behavior
    • Kooyman GL, Wahrenbrock EA, Castellini MA, Davis RW, Sinnett EE (1980) Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during voluntary diving in Weddell seals: evidence of preferred pathways from blood chemistry and behavior. J Comp Physiol B 138: 335-346.
    • (1980) J Comp Physiol B , vol.138 , pp. 335-346
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Wahrenbrock, E.A.2    Castellini, M.A.3    Davis, R.W.4    Sinnett, E.E.5
  • 120
    • 0001639798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diving animals
    • C. E. G. Lundgren and J. N. Miller (Eds.), New York: Marcel Dekkar Inc
    • Kooyman GL, Ponganis PJ, Howard RS (1999) Diving animals. In: Lundgren CEG, Miller JN (eds) The lung at depth, vol 132. Marcel Dekkar Inc, New York.
    • (1999) The Lung at Depth , vol.132
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Ponganis, P.J.2    Howard, R.S.3
  • 121
    • 17444436818 scopus 로고
    • Relation between intestinal blood flow and oxygen uptake
    • Kvietys PR, Granger DN (1982) Relation between intestinal blood flow and oxygen uptake. Am J Physiol 242: G202-G208.
    • (1982) Am J Physiol , vol.242
    • Kvietys, P.R.1    Granger, D.N.2
  • 122
    • 0001410461 scopus 로고
    • Filtration rate and water diuresis in the seal, Phoca vitulina
    • Ladd M, Raisz L, Crowder CH, Page LB (1951) Filtration rate and water diuresis in the seal, Phoca vitulina. J Cell Comp Physiol 38: 157-164.
    • (1951) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.38 , pp. 157-164
    • Ladd, M.1    Raisz, L.2    Crowder, C.H.3    Page, L.B.4
  • 123
    • 0024909998 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged, continuous, deep diving by northern elephant seals
    • Le Boeuf BJ, Naito BJ, Huntley AC, Asaga T (1989) Prolonged, continuous, deep diving by northern elephant seals. Can J Zool 67: 2514-2519.
    • (1989) Can J Zool , vol.67 , pp. 2514-2519
    • Le Boeuf, B.J.1    Naito, B.J.2    Huntley, A.C.3    Asaga, T.4
  • 124
  • 125
    • 0014786624 scopus 로고
    • Gas transport and oxygen storage capacity in some pinnipeds and the sea otter
    • Lenfant C, Johansen K, Torrance JD (1970) Gas transport and oxygen storage capacity in some pinnipeds and the sea otter. Respir Physiol 9: 277-286.
    • (1970) Respir Physiol , vol.9 , pp. 277-286
    • Lenfant, C.1    Johansen, K.2    Torrance, J.D.3
  • 126
    • 70350349348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of myoglobin concentration and acid buffering capacity in harp (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (Cystophora cristata) seals from birth to maturity
    • Lestyk KC, Folkow LP, Blix AS, Hammill MO, Burns JM (2009) Development of myoglobin concentration and acid buffering capacity in harp (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (Cystophora cristata) seals from birth to maturity. J Comp Physiol B 179: 985-996.
    • (2009) J Comp Physiol B , vol.179 , pp. 985-996
    • Lestyk, K.C.1    Folkow, L.P.2    Blix, A.S.3    Hammill, M.O.4    Burns, J.M.5
  • 127
    • 84855854046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease
    • Levey AS, Coresh JC (2012) Chronic kidney disease. Lancet 379: 165-180.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.379 , pp. 165-180
    • Levey, A.S.1    Coresh, J.C.2
  • 128
    • 52249113280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of foraging dives in free-ranging Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddellii: confirmation using video records
    • Madden KM, Fuiman LA, Williams TM, Davis RW (2008) Identification of foraging dives in free-ranging Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddellii: confirmation using video records. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 365: 263-275.
    • (2008) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.365 , pp. 263-275
    • Madden, K.M.1    Fuiman, L.A.2    Williams, T.M.3    Davis, R.W.4
  • 129
    • 0014235975 scopus 로고
    • Renal function and blood chemistry in Cetacea
    • Malvin RL, Rayner M (1968) Renal function and blood chemistry in Cetacea. Am J Physiol 214: 187-191.
    • (1968) Am J Physiol , vol.214 , pp. 187-191
    • Malvin, R.L.1    Rayner, M.2
  • 130
    • 0032029048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crittercam: an animal-borne imaging and data logging system
    • Marshall GJ (1998) Crittercam: an animal-borne imaging and data logging system. Mar Tech Soc J 32: 11-17.
    • (1998) Mar Tech Soc J , vol.32 , pp. 11-17
    • Marshall, G.J.1
  • 132
    • 84881532034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights from venous oxygen profiles: oxygen utilization and management in diving California sea lions
    • McDonald BI, Ponganis PJ (2013) Insights from venous oxygen profiles: oxygen utilization and management in diving California sea lions. J Exp Biol 216: 3332-3341.
    • (2013) J Exp Biol , vol.216 , pp. 3332-3341
    • McDonald, B.I.1    Ponganis, P.J.2
  • 135
    • 9644252661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D diving behavior of Weddell seals with respect to prey accessibility and abundance
    • Mitani Y, Watanabe Y, Sato K, Cameron MF, Naito Y (2004) 3D diving behavior of Weddell seals with respect to prey accessibility and abundance. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 281: 275-281.
    • (2004) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.281 , pp. 275-281
    • Mitani, Y.1    Watanabe, Y.2    Sato, K.3    Cameron, M.F.4    Naito, Y.5
  • 136
    • 69249208538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When the brain goes diving: glial oxidative metabolism may confer hypoxia tolerance to the seal brain
    • Mitz SA, Reuss S, Folkow LP, Blix AS, Ramirez JM, Hankeln T, Burmester T (2009) When the brain goes diving: glial oxidative metabolism may confer hypoxia tolerance to the seal brain. Neuroscience 163: 552-560.
    • (2009) Neuroscience , vol.163 , pp. 552-560
    • Mitz, S.A.1    Reuss, S.2    Folkow, L.P.3    Blix, A.S.4    Ramirez, J.M.5    Hankeln, T.6    Burmester, T.7
  • 139
    • 0035095427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of diving in marine endotherms: preparing the skeletal muscles of dolphins, penguins, and seals for activity during submergence
    • Noren SR, Williams TM, Pabst DA, McLellan WA, Dearolf JL (2001) The development of diving in marine endotherms: preparing the skeletal muscles of dolphins, penguins, and seals for activity during submergence. J Comp Phys B 171: 127-134.
    • (2001) J Comp Phys B , vol.171 , pp. 127-134
    • Noren, S.R.1    Williams, T.M.2    Pabst, D.A.3    McLellan, W.A.4    Dearolf, J.L.5
  • 140
    • 0036732387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of blood oxygen stores in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): implications for diving capacity
    • Noren SR, Lacave G, Wells RS, Williams TM (2002) The development of blood oxygen stores in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): implications for diving capacity. J Zool Lond 258: 105-113.
    • (2002) J Zool Lond , vol.258 , pp. 105-113
    • Noren, S.R.1    Lacave, G.2    Wells, R.S.3    Williams, T.M.4
  • 141
    • 0035745792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmoregulation in marine mammals
    • Ortiz R (2001) Osmoregulation in marine mammals. J Exp Biol 204: 1831-1844.
    • (2001) J Exp Biol , vol.204 , pp. 1831-1844
    • Ortiz, R.1
  • 142
    • 12244293399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal changes associated with the transition between nursing and natural fasting in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris)
    • Ortiz RM, Houser DS, Wade CD, Ortiz CL (2003) Hormonal changes associated with the transition between nursing and natural fasting in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris). Gen Comp Endocrin 130: 78-83.
    • (2003) Gen Comp Endocrin , vol.130 , pp. 78-83
    • Ortiz, R.M.1    Houser, D.S.2    Wade, C.D.3    Ortiz, C.L.4
  • 143
    • 0036161269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) foraging in deep-water coral beds
    • Parrish FA, Abernathy K, Marshall GJ, Buhleier BM (2002) Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) foraging in deep-water coral beds. Mar Mam Sci 18: 244-258.
    • (2002) Mar Mam Sci , vol.18 , pp. 244-258
    • Parrish, F.A.1    Abernathy, K.2    Marshall, G.J.3    Buhleier, B.M.4
  • 144
    • 0000662240 scopus 로고
    • Urea turnover during prolonged fasting in the northern elephant seal
    • Pernia SD, Hill A, Ortiz CL (1980) Urea turnover during prolonged fasting in the northern elephant seal. Comp Biochem Physiol 65: 731-734.
    • (1980) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.65 , pp. 731-734
    • Pernia, S.D.1    Hill, A.2    Ortiz, C.L.3
  • 145
    • 0000371792 scopus 로고
    • Glomerular filtration rate in weaned elephant seal pups during natural, long term fasts
    • Pernia SD, Costa DP, Ortiz CL (1989) Glomerular filtration rate in weaned elephant seal pups during natural, long term fasts. Can J Zool 67: 1752-1756.
    • (1989) Can J Zool , vol.67 , pp. 1752-1756
    • Pernia, S.D.1    Costa, D.P.2    Ortiz, C.L.3
  • 147
    • 0035141205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of myoglobin distribution in the locomotory muscles of five cetacean species
    • Polasek L, Davis RW (2001) Heterogeneity of myoglobin distribution in the locomotory muscles of five cetacean species. J Exp Biol 204: 209-215.
    • (2001) J Exp Biol , vol.204 , pp. 209-215
    • Polasek, L.1    Davis, R.W.2
  • 148
    • 33744800525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity of aerobic and glycolytic enzyme activities and myoglobin concentration in the epaxial swimming muscles of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina)
    • Polasek L, Dickson KA, Davis RW (2006) Spatial heterogeneity of aerobic and glycolytic enzyme activities and myoglobin concentration in the epaxial swimming muscles of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Am J Physiol 290: R1720-R1727.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol , vol.290
    • Polasek, L.1    Dickson, K.A.2    Davis, R.W.3
  • 149
    • 84861528616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diving mammals
    • Ponganis PJ (2011) Diving mammals. Compr Physiol 1: 517-535.
    • (2011) Compr Physiol , vol.1 , pp. 517-535
    • Ponganis, P.J.1
  • 150
    • 0018090872 scopus 로고
    • Muscle metabolic profiles and fiber type composition in some marine mammals
    • Ponganis PJ, Pierce RW (1978) Muscle metabolic profiles and fiber type composition in some marine mammals. Comp Biochem and Physiol 59: 99-102.
    • (1978) Comp Biochem and Physiol , vol.59 , pp. 99-102
    • Ponganis, P.J.1    Pierce, R.W.2
  • 153
    • 0031030762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate and plasma lactate responses during submerged swimming and trained diving in California sea lions, Zalophus californianus
    • Ponganis PJ, Kooyman GL, Winter LM, Starke LN (1997) Heart rate and plasma lactate responses during submerged swimming and trained diving in California sea lions, Zalophus californianus. J Comp Physiol B 167: 9-16.
    • (1997) J Comp Physiol B , vol.167 , pp. 9-16
    • Ponganis, P.J.1    Kooyman, G.L.2    Winter, L.M.3    Starke, L.N.4
  • 155
    • 77952536790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development of muscle biochemistry in nursing harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups: limitations to diving behavior?
    • Prewitt JS, Freistroffer DV, Schreer JF, Hammill MO, Burns JM (2010) Postnatal development of muscle biochemistry in nursing harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups: limitations to diving behavior? J Comp Physiol B 180: 757-766.
    • (2010) J Comp Physiol B , vol.180 , pp. 757-766
    • Prewitt, J.S.1    Freistroffer, D.V.2    Schreer, J.F.3    Hammill, M.O.4    Burns, J.M.5
  • 156
    • 0019420982 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen equilibrium properties of blood and hemoglobin of fetal and adult Weddell seals
    • Qvist J, Weber RE, Zapol WM (1981) Oxygen equilibrium properties of blood and hemoglobin of fetal and adult Weddell seals. J Appl Physiol 50: 999-1005.
    • (1981) J Appl Physiol , vol.50 , pp. 999-1005
    • Qvist, J.1    Weber, R.E.2    Zapol, W.M.3
  • 158
    • 50549202600 scopus 로고
    • The glucose fatty-acid cycle: its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus
    • Randle PJ, Garland PB, Hales CN, Newsholme EA (1963) The glucose fatty-acid cycle: its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1: 785-789.
    • (1963) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 785-789
    • Randle, P.J.1    Garland, P.B.2    Hales, C.N.3    Newsholme, E.A.4
  • 159
    • 70350608893 scopus 로고
    • De la resistance des canards a l'asphyxie
    • Richet C (1899) De la resistance des canards a l'asphyxie. J Physiol Pathol Gen 1: 641-650.
    • (1899) J Physiol Pathol Gen , vol.1 , pp. 641-650
    • Richet, C.1
  • 160
    • 33745944884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of total body oxygen stores and aerobic dive potential in Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
    • Richmond JP, Burns JM, Rea LD (2006) Ontogeny of total body oxygen stores and aerobic dive potential in Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). J Comp Physiol B 176: 535-545.
    • (2006) J Comp Physiol B , vol.176 , pp. 535-545
    • Richmond, J.P.1    Burns, J.M.2    Rea, L.D.3
  • 161
    • 0001983433 scopus 로고
    • Homeostasis in the aquatic environment
    • S. H. Ridgway (Ed.), Springfield IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher
    • Ridgway SH (1972) Homeostasis in the aquatic environment. In: Ridgway SH (ed) Mammals of the Sea: Biology and Medicine. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield IL, pp 590-747.
    • (1972) Mammals of the Sea: Biology and Medicine , pp. 590-747
    • Ridgway, S.H.1
  • 162
    • 0344184677 scopus 로고
    • Previous diet and the apparent utilization of fat in the absence of the liver
    • Roberts S, Samuels LT, Reinecke RM (1943) Previous diet and the apparent utilization of fat in the absence of the liver. Am J Physiol 140: 639-644.
    • (1943) Am J Physiol , vol.140 , pp. 639-644
    • Roberts, S.1    Samuels, L.T.2    Reinecke, R.M.3
  • 164
    • 0001368031 scopus 로고
    • Regional blood Jaw by fractional distribution of indicators
    • Sapirstein LA (1958) Regional blood Jaw by fractional distribution of indicators. Am J Physiol 193: 161-168.
    • (1958) Am J Physiol , vol.193 , pp. 161-168
    • Sapirstein, L.A.1
  • 165
    • 0037987956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting stroking patterns and body angle in diving Weddell seals under natural conditions
    • Sato K, Mitani Y, Cameron MF, Siniff DB, Naito Y (2003) Factors affecting stroking patterns and body angle in diving Weddell seals under natural conditions. J Exp Biol 20: 1461-1470.
    • (2003) J Exp Biol , vol.20 , pp. 1461-1470
    • Sato, K.1    Mitani, Y.2    Cameron, M.F.3    Siniff, D.B.4    Naito, Y.5
  • 166
    • 0004162683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Schmidt-Nielsen K (1997) Animal physiology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 617.
    • (1997) Animal Physiology , pp. 617
    • Schmidt-Nielsen, K.1
  • 169
    • 0002042778 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigations on the respiratory function in diving mammals and birds
    • Scholander PF (1940) Experimental investigations on the respiratory function in diving mammals and birds. Hvalradets Skrifter, Norske Videnskamp-Akad, Oslo 22: 1-131.
    • (1940) Hvalradets Skrifter, Norske Videnskamp-Akad, Oslo , vol.22 , pp. 1-131
    • Scholander, P.F.1
  • 170
    • 0002286832 scopus 로고
    • The master switch of life
    • Scholander PF (1963) The master switch of life. Sci Am 209: 92-106.
    • (1963) Sci Am , vol.209 , pp. 92-106
    • Scholander, P.F.1
  • 171
    • 13144306948 scopus 로고
    • Animals in aquatic environments: diving mammals and birds
    • D. B. Dill, E. Adolph, and C. G. Wiber (Eds.), Bethesda: Am Physiol Soc
    • Scholander PF (1964) Animals in aquatic environments: diving mammals and birds. In: Dill DB, Adolph E, Wiber CG (eds) Handbook of physiology: adaptation to the environment, section 4. Am Physiol Soc, Bethesda, pp 729-740.
    • (1964) Handbook of Physiology: Adaptation to the Environment, Section 4 , pp. 729-740
    • Scholander, P.F.1
  • 172
    • 0000321873 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigations on the respiration and diving of the Florida manatee
    • Scholander PF, Irving L (1941) Experimental investigations on the respiration and diving of the Florida manatee. J Cell Comp Physiol 17: 169-191.
    • (1941) J Cell Comp Physiol , vol.17 , pp. 169-191
    • Scholander, P.F.1    Irving, L.2
  • 173
    • 0001010517 scopus 로고
    • Aerobic and anaerobic changes in seal muscle during diving
    • Scholander PF, Irving L, Grinnell SW (1942) Aerobic and anaerobic changes in seal muscle during diving. J Biol Chem 142: 431-440.
    • (1942) J Biol Chem , vol.142 , pp. 431-440
    • Scholander, P.F.1    Irving, L.2    Grinnell, S.W.3
  • 174
    • 0035121501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative diving patterns of pinnipeds and seabirds
    • Schreer JF, Kovacs KM, O'Hara Hines RJ (2001) Comparative diving patterns of pinnipeds and seabirds. Ecol Mono 71: 137-162.
    • (2001) Ecol Mono , vol.71 , pp. 137-162
    • Schreer, J.F.1    Kovacs, K.M.2    O'Hara Hines, R.J.3
  • 175
    • 0034764260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human skeletal muscle fiber type classifications
    • Scott W, Stevens J, Binder-Macleod SA (2001) Human skeletal muscle fiber type classifications. Phys Ther 81: 1810-1816.
    • (2001) Phys Ther , vol.81 , pp. 1810-1816
    • Scott, W.1    Stevens, J.2    Binder-Macleod, S.A.3
  • 176
    • 84858725907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the aerobic dive limit and muscular efficiency in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
    • Shero MR, Andrews RD, Lestyk KC, Burns JM (2012) Development of the aerobic dive limit and muscular efficiency in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). J Comp Physiol B 182: 425-436.
    • (2012) J Comp Physiol B , vol.182 , pp. 425-436
    • Shero, M.R.1    Andrews, R.D.2    Lestyk, K.C.3    Burns, J.M.4
  • 177
    • 0034748852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional movements within individual dives by ringed seals (Phoca hispida)
    • Simpkins MA, Kelly BP, Wartzok D (2001a) Three-dimensional movements within individual dives by ringed seals (Phoca hispida). Can J Zool 79: 1455-1464.
    • (2001) Can J Zool , vol.79 , pp. 1455-1464
    • Simpkins, M.A.1    Kelly, B.P.2    Wartzok, D.3
  • 178
    • 0034897671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional analysis of search behaviour by ringed seals
    • Simpkins MA, Kelly BP, Wartzok D (2001b) Three-dimensional analysis of search behaviour by ringed seals. Animal Behav 62: 67-72.
    • (2001) Animal Behav , vol.62 , pp. 67-72
    • Simpkins, M.A.1    Kelly, B.P.2    Wartzok, D.3
  • 179
    • 0035176336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional diving behaviors of ringed seals (Phoca hispida)
    • Simpkins MA, Kelly BP, Wartzok D (2001c) Three-dimensional diving behaviors of ringed seals (Phoca hispida). Mar Mam Sci 17: 909-925.
    • (2001) Mar Mam Sci , vol.17 , pp. 909-925
    • Simpkins, M.A.1    Kelly, B.P.2    Wartzok, D.3
  • 180
    • 0033212742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diving physiology of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), II. Biomechanics and changes in buoyancy at depth
    • Skrovan RC, Williams TM, Berry PS, Moore PW, Davis RW (1999) The diving physiology of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), II. Biomechanics and changes in buoyancy at depth. J Exp Biol 202: 2749-2761.
    • (1999) J Exp Biol , vol.202 , pp. 2749-2761
    • Skrovan, R.C.1    Williams, T.M.2    Berry, P.S.3    Moore, P.W.4    Davis, R.W.5
  • 181
    • 0021069029 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory adaptations in diving mammals
    • Snyder GK (1983) Respiratory adaptations in diving mammals. Respir Physiol 54: 269-294.
    • (1983) Respir Physiol , vol.54 , pp. 269-294
    • Snyder, G.K.1
  • 183
    • 34247189568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological and behavioural development of diving in Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups
    • Spence-Bailey LM, Verrier D, Arnould JPY (2007) The physiological and behavioural development of diving in Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups. J Comp Physiol B 177: 483-494.
    • (2007) J Comp Physiol B , vol.177 , pp. 483-494
    • Spence-Bailey, L.M.1    Verrier, D.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3
  • 184
    • 0031201812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human skeletal muscle fiber types: delineation, development, and distribution
    • Staron RS (1997) Human skeletal muscle fiber types: delineation, development, and distribution. Can J Appl Physiol 22: 307-327.
    • (1997) Can J Appl Physiol , vol.22 , pp. 307-327
    • Staron, R.S.1
  • 187
    • 84873096226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene duplication, genome duplication, and the functional diversification of vertebrate globins
    • Storz JF, Opazo JC, Hoffmann FG (2012) Gene duplication, genome duplication, and the functional diversification of vertebrate globins. Mol Phylogenetics Evol 66: 469-478.
    • (2012) Mol Phylogenetics Evol , vol.66 , pp. 469-478
    • Storz, J.F.1    Opazo, J.C.2    Hoffmann, F.G.3
  • 188
    • 84891892816 scopus 로고
    • Influence of dietary composition on the capacity of glucose formation in the liver of rats
    • Suzuki H, Fuwa H (1970) Influence of dietary composition on the capacity of glucose formation in the liver of rats. Agric Biol Chem 34: 80-87.
    • (1970) Agric Biol Chem , vol.34 , pp. 80-87
    • Suzuki, H.1    Fuwa, H.2
  • 191
    • 79958776940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-density lipoprotein remains elevated despite reductions in total cholesterol in fasting adult male elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris)
    • Tift MS, Houser DS, Crocker DE (2011) High-density lipoprotein remains elevated despite reductions in total cholesterol in fasting adult male elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris). Comp Biochem Physiol Part B 159: 214-219.
    • (2011) Comp Biochem Physiol Part B , vol.159 , pp. 214-219
    • Tift, M.S.1    Houser, D.S.2    Crocker, D.E.3
  • 192
    • 84870279584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with physiological oxidative stress: a review of antioxidant strategies in seals
    • Vazquez-Medina JP, Zenteno- Savín T, Elsner R, Ortiz RM (2012) Coping with physiological oxidative stress: a review of antioxidant strategies in seals. J Comp Physiol B 182: 741-750.
    • (2012) J Comp Physiol B , vol.182 , pp. 741-750
    • Vazquez-Medina, J.P.1    Zenteno- Savín, T.2    Elsner, R.3    Ortiz, R.M.4
  • 193
    • 79958205612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5′AMP-activated protein kinase activity is increased in adipose tissue of northern elephant seal pups during prolonged fasting-induced insulin resistance
    • Viscarra JA, Champagne CD, Crocker DE, Ortiz RM (2011) 5′AMP-activated protein kinase activity is increased in adipose tissue of northern elephant seal pups during prolonged fasting-induced insulin resistance. J Endocrin 209: 317-325.
    • (2011) J Endocrin , vol.209 , pp. 317-325
    • Viscarra, J.A.1    Champagne, C.D.2    Crocker, D.E.3    Ortiz, R.M.4
  • 194
    • 0003799829 scopus 로고
    • Princeton: Princeton University Press
    • Vogel S (1994) Life in Moving Fluids. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
    • (1994) Life in Moving Fluids
    • Vogel, S.1
  • 195
    • 0026060959 scopus 로고
    • Central and peripheral aspects of oxygen transport and adaptations with exercise
    • Wagner PD (1991) Central and peripheral aspects of oxygen transport and adaptations with exercise. Sports Med 11: 133-142.
    • (1991) Sports Med , vol.11 , pp. 133-142
    • Wagner, P.D.1
  • 196
    • 0027041376 scopus 로고
    • Under-ice movements and the sensory basis of hole finding by ringed and Weddell seals
    • Wartzok D, Elsner R, Stone H, Kelly BP, Davis RW (1992) Under-ice movements and the sensory basis of hole finding by ringed and Weddell seals. Can J Zool 70: 1712-1722.
    • (1992) Can J Zool , vol.70 , pp. 1712-1722
    • Wartzok, D.1    Elsner, R.2    Stone, H.3    Kelly, B.P.4    Davis, R.W.5
  • 197
    • 0037504583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dive depths of Weddell seals in relation to vertical prey distribution as estimated by image data
    • Watanabe Y, Mitani Y, Sato K, Cameron MF, Naito Y (2003) Dive depths of Weddell seals in relation to vertical prey distribution as estimated by image data. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 252: 283-288.
    • (2003) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.252 , pp. 283-288
    • Watanabe, Y.1    Mitani, Y.2    Sato, K.3    Cameron, M.F.4    Naito, Y.5
  • 198
    • 0344153014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical fiber typing of harbor seal locomotory muscle
    • Watson RR, Miller TA, Davis RW (2003) Immunohistochemical fiber typing of harbor seal locomotory muscle. J Exp Biol 206: 4105-4111.
    • (2003) J Exp Biol , vol.206 , pp. 4105-4111
    • Watson, R.R.1    Miller, T.A.2    Davis, R.W.3
  • 199
    • 33845776680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial volume density and distribution in harbor seal skeletal muscle
    • Watson RR, Miller TA, Davis RW (2007) Mitochondrial volume density and distribution in harbor seal skeletal muscle. J Comp Physiol Part B 177: 89-98.
    • (2007) J Comp Physiol Part B , vol.177 , pp. 89-98
    • Watson, R.R.1    Miller, T.A.2    Davis, R.W.3
  • 200
    • 84897561089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic performance of the flippers of large-bodied cetaceans in relation to locomotor ecology
    • Weber P, Howle LE, Murray MM, Reidenberg JS, Fish FE (2013) Hydrodynamic performance of the flippers of large-bodied cetaceans in relation to locomotor ecology. Mar Mam Sci.
    • (2013) Mar Mam Sci.
    • Weber, P.1    Howle, L.E.2    Murray, M.M.3    Reidenberg, J.S.4    Fish, F.E.5
  • 201
    • 0025101258 scopus 로고
    • Temperature and the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina)
    • Wilford DC, Gray AT, Hempleman SC, Davis RW, Hill ER (1990) Temperature and the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Respir Physiol 79: 137-144.
    • (1990) Respir Physiol , vol.79 , pp. 137-144
    • Wilford, D.C.1    Gray, A.T.2    Hempleman, S.C.3    Davis, R.W.4    Hill, E.R.5
  • 202
    • 0020789904 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion in the North American mink, a semi-aquatic mammal. II. The effect of an elongate body on running energetics and gait patterns
    • Williams TM (1983) Locomotion in the North American mink, a semi-aquatic mammal. II. The effect of an elongate body on running energetics and gait patterns. J Exp Biol 105: 283-295.
    • (1983) J Exp Biol , vol.105 , pp. 283-295
    • Williams, T.M.1
  • 203
    • 0033613633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of cost-efficient swimming in marine mammals: limits to energetic optimization
    • Williams TM (1999) The evolution of cost-efficient swimming in marine mammals: limits to energetic optimization. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 354: 193-201.
    • (1999) Phil Trans R Soc Lond B , vol.354 , pp. 193-201
    • Williams, T.M.1
  • 204
    • 0026035096 scopus 로고
    • The effect of submergence on heart rate and oxygen consumption of swimming seals and sea lions
    • Williams TM, Kooyman GL, Croll DA (1991) The effect of submergence on heart rate and oxygen consumption of swimming seals and sea lions. J Comp Physiol B 160: 637-644.
    • (1991) J Comp Physiol B , vol.160 , pp. 637-644
    • Williams, T.M.1    Kooyman, G.L.2    Croll, D.A.3
  • 206
    • 1642290249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of foraging by a marine predator, the Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii: pricing by the stroke
    • Williams TM, Fuiman LA, Horning M, Davis RW (2004) The cost of foraging by a marine predator, the Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii: pricing by the stroke. J Exp Biol 207: 973-982.
    • (2004) J Exp Biol , vol.207 , pp. 973-982
    • Williams, T.M.1    Fuiman, L.A.2    Horning, M.3    Davis, R.W.4
  • 208
    • 84861571179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging behavior and prey preference of sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in a predominantly soft sediment habitat in Alaska
    • Wolt R, Gelwick FP, Weltz F, Davis RW (2012) Foraging behavior and prey preference of sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in a predominantly soft sediment habitat in Alaska. Mammal Biol 77: 271-280.
    • (2012) Mammal Biol , vol.77 , pp. 271-280
    • Wolt, R.1    Gelwick, F.P.2    Weltz, F.3    Davis, R.W.4
  • 209
    • 0001094597 scopus 로고
    • Mass loss, metabolic rate, and energy utilization by harp and grey seals during the postweaning fast
    • Worthy GAJ, Lavigne DM (1987) Mass loss, metabolic rate, and energy utilization by harp and grey seals during the postweaning fast. Physiol Zool 60: 352-364.
    • (1987) Physiol Zool , vol.60 , pp. 352-364
    • Worthy, G.A.J.1    Lavigne, D.M.2
  • 210
    • 33747050645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of myoglobin concentration on aerobic dive limit in a Weddell seal
    • Wright TJ, Davis RW (2006) The effect of myoglobin concentration on aerobic dive limit in a Weddell seal. J Exp Biol 209: 2576-2585.
    • (2006) J Exp Biol , vol.209 , pp. 2576-2585
    • Wright, T.J.1    Davis, R.W.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.