메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 789-804

Biodiversity conservation in a changing climate: A review of threats and implications for conservation planning in myanmar

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Climate change; Economic development; Myanmar; Protected areas; Threats

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATOLOGY; CONSERVATION PLANNING; ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; INVESTMENT; NATURAL RESOURCE; PROTECTED AREA; SPECIES RICHNESS; VULNERABILITY;

EID: 84891514800     PISSN: 00447447     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0423-5     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (72)

References (97)
  • 3
    • 67651109108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Values of inland fisheries in the Mekong river basin
    • ed. A.E. Neiland, and C. Be'né, WorldFish Center Studies and Reviews, Penang Malaysia WorldFish Center
    • Baran, E., T. Jantunen, and K.C. Chanton. 2008. Values of inland fisheries in the Mekong river basin. In Tropical river fisheries valuation: Background papers to a global synthesis, ed. A.E. Neiland, and C. Be'né, WorldFish Center Studies and Reviews, 1836, 227-290. Penang, Malaysia: WorldFish Center.
    • (2008) Tropical River Fisheries Valuation: Background Papers to A Global Synthesis , vol.1836 , pp. 227-290
    • Baran, E.1    Jantunen, T.2    Chanton, K.C.3
  • 4
    • 77956576104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of land facets in planning for climate change: Conserving the arenas not the actors
    • Beier, P., and B. Brost. 2010. Use of land facets in planning for climate change: Conserving the arenas not the actors. Conservation Biology 24: 701-710.
    • (2010) Conservation Biology , vol.24 , pp. 701-710
    • Beier, P.1    Brost, B.2
  • 5
    • 0041768074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change in mountain regions. A review of possible impacts
    • Beniston, M. 2003. Climate change in mountain regions. A review of possible impacts. Climatic Change 59: 5-31.
    • (2003) Climatic Change , vol.59 , pp. 5-31
    • Beniston, M.1
  • 8
    • 53749094032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming, elevational range shifts and lowland biotic attrition in the wet tropics
    • Colwell, R.K., G. Brehm, C.L. Cardelus, A.C. Gilman, and J.T. Longino. 2008. Global warming, elevational range shifts and lowland biotic attrition in the wet tropics. Science 10: 258-261.
    • (2008) Science , vol.10 , pp. 258-261
    • Colwell, R.K.1    Brehm, G.2    Cardelus, C.L.3    Gilman, A.C.4    Longino, J.T.5
  • 9
    • 0027331712 scopus 로고
    • Delayed sexual maturity and demographics of Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii): Implications for conservation and management of long-lived organisms
    • Congdon, J.D., A.E. Dunham, and R.C. van Loben Sels. 1993. Delayed sexual maturity and demographics of Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii): Implications for conservation and management of long-lived organisms. Conservation Biology 7: 826-883.
    • (1993) Conservation Biology , vol.7 , pp. 826-883
    • Congdon, J.D.1    Dunham, A.E.2    Sels Loben Van, R.C.3
  • 10
    • 80054085620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of warming on tropical lowlands forests
    • Corlett, R.T. 2011. Impacts of warming on tropical lowlands forests. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 26: 606-613.
    • (2011) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.26 , pp. 606-613
    • Corlett, R.T.1
  • 12
    • 0029660043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of american alligators in the shark valley region of everglades national park
    • Dalrymple, G. 1996. Growth of American alligators in the Shark Valley region of Everglades National Park. Copeia 1996(1): 212-216.
    • (1996) Copeia , vol.1996 , Issue.1 , pp. 212-216
    • Dalrymple, G.1
  • 13
    • 0034695526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife and threats to biodiversity and human health
    • Daszak, P., A.A. Cunningham, and A.D. Hyatt. 2000. Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife and threats to biodiversity and human health. Science 287: 443.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 443
    • Daszak, P.1    Cunningham, A.A.2    Hyatt, A.D.3
  • 14
    • 83155184872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No room in the Ark? Climate change and biodiversity in the Pacific Islands of Oceania
    • Duffy, D.C. 2011. No room in the Ark? Climate change and biodiversity in the Pacific Islands of Oceania. Pacific Conservation Biology 17: 192-200.
    • (2011) Pacific Conservation Biology , vol.17 , pp. 192-200
    • Duffy, D.C.1
  • 15
    • 77953658951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotic attrition from tropical forests correcting for truncated temperature niches
    • Feeley, K.J., and M.R. Silman. 2010. Biotic attrition from tropical forests correcting for truncated temperature niches. Global Change Biology 16: 1830-1836.
    • (2010) Global Change Biology , vol.16 , pp. 1830-1836
    • Feeley, K.J.1    Silman, M.R.2
  • 17
    • 84892564349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NTS Alert March, Singapore: RSIS Centre for NonTraditional Security (NTS) Studies for NTS Asia
    • Gong, L. 2012. Regional implications of reconciliation in Myanmar. NTS Alert March, Singapore: RSIS Centre for NonTraditional Security (NTS) Studies for NTS Asia.
    • (2012) Regional Implications of Reconciliation in Myanmar
    • Gong, L.1
  • 22
    • 57049117901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity management in the face of climate change: A review of 22 years of recommendations
    • Heller, N.E., and E.S. Zavaleta. 2009. Biodiversity management in the face of climate change: A review of 22 years of recommendations. Biological Conservation 142: 14-32.
    • (2009) Biological Conservation , vol.142 , pp. 14-32
    • Heller, N.E.1    Zavaleta, E.S.2
  • 23
    • 33845270432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ability of climate envelope models to predict the effect of climate change on species distributions
    • Hijmans, R.J., and C.H. Graham. 2006. The ability of climate envelope models to predict the effect of climate change on species distributions. Global Change Biology 12: 2272-2281.
    • (2006) Global Change Biology , vol.12 , pp. 2272-2281
    • Hijmans, R.J.1    Graham, C.H.2
  • 26
    • 84872982362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying ecosystem services approaches for biodiversity conservation: Benefits and challenges
    • Ingram, J.C., K.H. Redford, and J.E.M. Watson. 2012. Applying ecosystem services approaches for biodiversity conservation: benefits and challenges. S.A.P.I.E.N.S 5: 1-10.
    • (2012) S.A.P.I.E.N.S , vol.5 , pp. 1-10
    • Ingram, J.C.1    Redford, K.H.2    Watson, J.E.M.3
  • 27
    • 84892575526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC)., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2002. Technical Paper V. Climate change and biodiversity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2002) Technical Paper V. Climate Change and Biodiversity
  • 29
    • 37649011032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2007b. The physical science basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2007) The Physical Science Basis
  • 31
    • 84928092805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary for policymakers
    • Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC), A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. C.B. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, et al., 1-19. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2012. Summary for policymakers. In Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation, A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. C.B. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, et al., 1-19. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2012) Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation
  • 32
    • 78649765870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A climatic stability approach to prioritizing global conservation investments
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015103
    • Iwamura, T., K.A. Wilson, O. Venter, and H.P. Possingham. 2010. A climatic stability approach to prioritizing global conservation investments. PLoS ONE 5(11): e15103. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015103.
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5 , Issue.11
    • Iwamura, T.1    Wilson, K.A.2    Venter, O.3    Possingham, H.P.4
  • 36
    • 84892575058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aquaculture
    • ed. S. Huq, A. Rahman, M. Konate, Y. Sokona, and H. Reid, Mainstreaming adaptation to climate change in Least Developed Countries (LDCs), 2003. London: International Institute for Environment and Development
    • Kam, S.P., M.C. Badjeck, M. Phillips, and R. Pomeroy. 2010. Aquaculture. In The World Bank. ed. S. Huq, A. Rahman, M. Konate, Y. Sokona, and H. Reid, Mainstreaming adaptation to climate change in Least Developed Countries (LDCs), 2003. London: International Institute for Environment and Development.
    • (2010) The World Bank
    • Kam, S.P.1    Badjeck, M.C.2    Phillips, M.3    Pomeroy, R.4
  • 37
    • 83155177927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of and adaptations to climate change in Oceania: A synthesis
    • Kingsford, R.T., and J.E.M. Watson. 2011. Impacts of and adaptations to climate change in Oceania: A synthesis. Pacific Conservation Biology 17: 270-284.
    • (2011) Pacific Conservation Biology , vol.17 , pp. 270-284
    • Kingsford, R.T.1    Watson, J.E.M.2
  • 39
    • 3142720464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf area index and net primary productivity along subtropical to alpine gradients in the Tibetan Plateau
    • Luo, T.X., Y.D. Pan, H. Ouyang, P.L. Shi, J. Luo, Z.L. Yu, and Q. Lu. 2004. Leaf area index and net primary productivity along subtropical to alpine gradients in the Tibetan Plateau. Global Ecology and Biogeography 13: 345-358.
    • (2004) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.13 , pp. 345-358
    • Luo, T.X.1    Pan, Y.D.2    Ouyang, H.3    Shi, P.L.4    Luo, J.5    Yu, Z.L.6    Lu, Q.7
  • 40
    • 29544448090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing a national tiger action plan for the Union of Myanmar
    • Lynam, A.J., S.T. Khaing, and K.M. Zaw. 2006. Developing a national tiger action plan for the Union of Myanmar. Environmental Management 37: 30-39.
    • (2006) Environmental Management , vol.37 , pp. 30-39
    • Lynam, A.J.1    Khaing, S.T.2    Zaw, K.M.3
  • 41
    • 33645101409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots
    • Malcolm, J.R., C. Liu, R.P. Neilson, L. Hansen, and L. Hannah. 2006. Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots. Conservation Biology 20: 538-548.
    • (2006) Conservation Biology , vol.20 , pp. 538-548
    • Malcolm, J.R.1    Liu, C.2    Neilson, R.P.3    Hansen, L.4    Hannah, L.5
  • 42
    • 0033847779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten years of chaos in Burma: Foreign investment and economic liberalization under the SLORC-SPDC, 1988 to 1998
    • McCarthy, S. 2000. Ten years of chaos in Burma: Foreign investment and economic liberalization under the SLORC-SPDC, 1988 to 1998. Pacific Affairs 73: 233-262.
    • (2000) Pacific Affairs , vol.73 , pp. 233-262
    • McCarthy, S.1
  • 43
    • 79851488010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why ecosystem-based management?
    • ed. K.L. McLeod, and H.M. Leslie, Washington, DC: Island Press
    • McLeod, K.L., and H.M. Leslie. 2009. Why ecosystem-based management? In Ecosystem-based management for the oceans, ed. K.L. McLeod, and H.M. Leslie, 3-12. Washington, DC: Island Press.
    • (2009) Ecosystem-Based Management for the Oceans , pp. 3-12
    • McLeod, K.L.1    Leslie, H.M.2
  • 44
    • 0000715139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Range collapse of a tropical cervid (Cervus eldi) and the extent of remaining habitat in central Myanmar
    • Mcshea, W.J., P. Leimgruber, Myint Aung, S.L. Monforti, and C. Wemmer. 1999. Range collapse of a tropical cervid (Cervus eldi) and the extent of remaining habitat in central Myanmar. Animal Conservation 2: 173-183.
    • (1999) Animal Conservation , vol.2 , pp. 173-183
    • McShea, W.J.1    Leimgruber, P.2    Aung, M.3    Monforti, S.L.4    Wemmer, C.5
  • 45
    • 84892604879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated climate change increases juvenile growth in a critically endangered tortoise
    • Mitchell, N.J., T.V. Jones, and G. Kuchling. 2012. Simulated climate change increases juvenile growth in a critically endangered tortoise. Endangered Species Research 17: 73-82.
    • (2012) Endangered Species Research , vol.17 , pp. 73-82
    • Mitchell, N.J.1    Jones, T.V.2    Kuchling, G.3
  • 46
    • 84928051547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case studies
    • A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ed. C.B. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, et al., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Murray, V., G. McBean, M. Bhatt, S. Borsch, T.S. Cheong, W.F. Erian, S. Llosa, F. Nadim, et al. 2012: Case studies. In Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation, A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ed. C.B. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, et al., 487-542. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2012) Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation , pp. 487-542
    • Murray, V.1    McBean, G.2    Bhatt, M.3    Borsch, S.4    Cheong, T.S.5    Erian, W.F.6    Llosa, S.7    Nadim, F.8
  • 47
    • 34247342648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy and practice in Myanmar's protected area system
    • Myanmar Initial National Communication (INC) Project Report To The UNFCCC. 2012
    • Myint Aung, 2007. Policy and practice in Myanmar's protected area system. Journal of Environmental Management 84: 188-203.
    • (2007) Journal of Environmental Management , vol.84 , pp. 188-203
    • Aung, M.1
  • 49
    • 84892617812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Commission for Environmental Affairs. 2009. Myanmar National Environmental Performance Assessment Report, ADB and UNEP, 323 pp. Retrieved May 23, 2013, from
    • National Commission for Environmental Affairs. 2009. Myanmar National Environmental Performance Assessment Report, ADB and UNEP, 323 pp. Retrieved May 23, 2013, from http://www.gms-eoc.org/resources/myanmar-epa-report.
  • 50
    • 84892624424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nature News., 2008, Forest clearance boosted power of cyclone Nargis, Retrieved May 20 2013, from
    • Nature News. 2008. Forest clearance boosted power of cyclone Nargis. Retrieved May 20, 2013, from http://www.nature.com/news/2008/080514/full/ 453270f.html.
  • 51
    • 17244375421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation and flow regulation of the World's large river systems
    • Nilsson, C., C.A. Reidy, M. Dynesius, and C. Revenga. 2005. Fragmentation and flow regulation of the World's large river systems. Science 308: 405-408.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 405-408
    • Nilsson, C.1    Reidy, C.A.2    Dynesius, M.3    Revenga, C.4
  • 54
    • 34248658275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential effects of climate change on elevational distributions of tropical birds in Southeast Asia
    • Peh, K.S.H. 2007. Potential effects of climate change on elevational distributions of tropical birds in Southeast Asia. The Condor 109: 437-441.
    • (2007) The Condor , vol.109 , pp. 437-441
    • Peh, K.S.H.1
  • 56
    • 31144444695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploitation and conservation status of tortoises and freshwater turtles in Myanmar
    • Platt, S.G., Kalyar, and Win Ko Ko. 2000. Exploitation and conservation status of tortoises and freshwater turtles in Myanmar. Chelonian Research Monographs 2: 95-100.
    • (2000) Chelonian Research Monographs , vol.2 , pp. 95-100
    • Platt, S.G.1    Kalyar2    Ko Ko, W.3
  • 57
    • 17044393591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population status and conservation of the critically endangered Burmese star tortoise Geochelone platynota in central Myanmar
    • Platt, S.G., Win Ko Ko, Lay Lay Khaing, Khin Myo Myo, Thanda Swe, Tint Lwin, and T.R. Rainwater. 2003a. Population status and conservation of the critically endangered Burmese star tortoise Geochelone platynota in central Myanmar. Oryx 37: 464-471.
    • (2003) Oryx , vol.37 , pp. 464-471
    • Platt, S.G.1    Ko Ko, W.2    Lay Khaing, L.3    Myo Myo, K.4    Swe, T.5    Lwin, T.6    Rainwater, T.R.7
  • 59
    • 77955221338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire ecology of the florida box turtle (Terrapene carolina bauri Taylor) in pine rockland forests of the lower florida keys
    • Platt, S.G., H. Liu, and C.K. Borg. 2010. Fire ecology of the Florida box turtle (Terrapene carolina bauri Taylor) in pine rockland forests of the lower Florida Keys. Natural Areas Journal 30: 254-260.
    • (2010) Natural Areas Journal , vol.30 , pp. 254-260
    • Platt, S.G.1    Liu, H.2    Borg, C.K.3
  • 61
    • 77954799845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Cali, Colombia
    • Ramirez, J., and A. Jarvis, A. 2008. High Resolution Statistically Downscaled Future Climate Surfaces. International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Cali, Colombia.
    • (2008) High Resolution Statistically Downscaled Future Climate Surfaces
    • Ramirez, J.1    Jarvis A, A.2
  • 62
    • 0036228682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status review of the protected area system in Myanmar, with recommendations for conservation planning
    • Rao, M., A. Rabinowitz, and S.T. Khaing. 2002. Status review of the protected area system in Myanmar, with recommendations for conservation planning. Conservation Biology 16: 360-368.
    • (2002) Conservation Biology , vol.16 , pp. 360-368
    • Rao, M.1    Rabinowitz, A.2    Khaing, S.T.3
  • 63
    • 29544440558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunting patterns in tropical forests adjoining the Hkakaborazi National Park, North Myanmar
    • Rao, M., Than Myint, Than Zaw, and Saw Htun. 2005. Hunting patterns in tropical forests adjoining the Hkakaborazi National Park, North Myanmar. Oryx 39: 292-300.
    • (2005) Oryx , vol.39 , pp. 292-300
    • Rao, M.1    Myint, T.2    Zaw, T.3    Htun, S.4
  • 64
    • 77956191394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunting, livelihoods and declining wildlife in the Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, North Myanmar
    • Rao, M., Saw Htun, Than Zaw, and Than Myint. 2010. Hunting, livelihoods and declining wildlife in the Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, North Myanmar. Environmental Management 46: 143-153.
    • (2010) Environmental Management , vol.46 , pp. 143-153
    • Rao, M.1    Htun, S.2    Zaw, T.3    Myint, T.4
  • 65
    • 79959378695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunting for a living: Wildlife trade, rural livelihoods and declining wildlife in the Hkakaborazi National Park, North Myanmar
    • Rao, M., Than Zaw, Saw Htun, and Than Myint. 2011. Hunting for a living: Wildlife trade, rural livelihoods and declining wildlife in the Hkakaborazi National Park, North Myanmar. Environmental Management 48: 158-167.
    • (2011) Environmental Management , vol.48 , pp. 158-167
    • Rao, M.1    Zaw, T.2    Htun, S.3    Myint, T.4
  • 67
    • 26944458486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing ecosystembased approaches to management for the conservation of ecosystem services
    • Rosenberg, A.A., and K.L. McLeod. 2005. Implementing ecosystembased approaches to management for the conservation of ecosystem services. Marine Press Series 300: 270-274.
    • (2005) Marine Press Series , vol.300 , pp. 270-274
    • Rosenberg, A.A.1    McLeod, K.L.2
  • 68
    • 0032879655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescribed fire effects on herpetofauna: Review and management implications
    • Russell, K.B., D.H. van Lear, and D.C. Guynn Jr. 1999. Prescribed fire effects on herpetofauna: review and management implications. Wildlife Society Bulletin 27: 374-384.
    • (1999) Wildlife Society Bulletin , vol.27 , pp. 374-384
    • Russell, K.B.1    Van Lear, D.H.2    Guynn, Jr.D.C.3
  • 69
    • 84865085339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • As isolation ends, Myanmar faces new ecological risks
    • Schmidt, C. 2012. As isolation ends, Myanmar faces new ecological risks. Science 337: 796-797.
    • (2012) Science , vol.337 , pp. 796-797
    • Schmidt, C.1
  • 70
    • 84892603208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEAFDEC, Volume II: Thematic Panel Sessions Fish for the People 2020: Adaptation to a Changing Environment 13-17 June 2011, 311 pp. Bangkok, Thailand: Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
    • SEAFDEC. 2012. Proceedings of the ASEAN-SEAFDEC Conference on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security Towards 2020 "Fish for the People 2020: Adaptation to a Changing Environment", Volume II: Thematic Panel Sessions, 13-17 June 2011, 311 pp. Bangkok, Thailand: Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
    • (2012) Proceedings of the ASEAN-SEAFDEC Conference on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security Towards 2020
  • 71
    • 84884356993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group NGO Consortium, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, and Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group
    • Seimon, A., J. Watson, R. Dave, et al. 2011. A review of climate change adaptation. The Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group NGO Consortium, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, and Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group, 124 pp.
    • (2011) A Review of Climate Change Adaptation , pp. 124
    • Seimon, A.1    Watson, J.2    Dave, R.3
  • 72
    • 38149027540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trade in bear parts from Myanmar: An illustration of the ineffectiveness of enforcement of international wildlife trade regulations
    • Shepherd, C.R., and V. Nijman. 2008. The trade in bear parts from Myanmar: An illustration of the ineffectiveness of enforcement of international wildlife trade regulations. Biodiversity Conservation 17: 35-42.
    • (2008) Biodiversity Conservation , vol.17 , pp. 35-42
    • Shepherd, C.R.1    Nijman, V.2
  • 75
    • 62349101833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catch composition and conservation management of a human-dolphin cooperative cast-net fishery in the Irrawaddy River, Myanmar
    • Smith, B.D., Mya Than Tun, Aung Myo Chit, Han Win, and Thida Moe. 2009. Catch composition and conservation management of a human-dolphin cooperative cast-net fishery in the Irrawaddy River, Myanmar. Biological Conservation 142: 1042-1049.
    • (2009) Biological Conservation , vol.142 , pp. 1042-1049
    • Smith, B.D.1    Than Tun, M.2    Myo Chit, A.3    Win, H.4    Moe, T.5
  • 80
    • 84882570100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myanmar: From Army rule to constitutional rule?
    • Taylor, R.H. 2012. Myanmar: From Army rule to constitutional rule? Asian Affairs 43(2): 221-236.
    • (2012) Asian Affairs , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-236
    • Taylor, R.H.1
  • 81
    • 84892432942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of the white-browed nuthatch sitta victoriae in natmataung national park, myanmar, with notes on other significant species
    • Thet Zaw Naing
    • Thet Zaw Naing, 2003. Ecology of the White-browed Nuthatch Sitta victoriae in Natmataung National Park, Myanmar, with notes on other significant species. Forktail 19: 57-62.
    • (2003) Forktail , vol.19 , pp. 57-62
  • 82
    • 78149499996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TKK (Helsinki University of Technology) and SEA START RC (Southeast Asia START Regional Center), Espoo: Water & Development Publications, Helsinki University of Technology
    • TKK (Helsinki University of Technology) and SEA START RC (Southeast Asia START Regional Center). 2009. Water and climate change in the Lower Mekong Basin: Diagnosis and recommendations for adaptation. Espoo: Water & Development Publications, Helsinki University of Technology.
    • (2009) Water and Climate Change in the Lower Mekong Basin: Diagnosis and Recommendations for Adaptation
  • 84
    • 84892614691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations. 2008. Post-Nargis Joint Assessment. A report prepared by the Tripartite Core Group comprised of Representatives of the Government of the Union of Myanmar, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the United Nations with the support of the Humanitarian and Development Community
    • United Nations. 2008. Post-Nargis Joint Assessment. A report prepared by the Tripartite Core Group comprised of Representatives of the Government of the Union of Myanmar, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the United Nations with the support of the Humanitarian and Development Community. http://www.aseansec.org/21765.pdf.
  • 87
    • 5444245758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea level rise affecting the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Water elevation in the flood season and implications for rice production
    • Wassmann, R., N.X. Hien, C.T. Hoanh, and T.P. Tuong. 2004. Sea level rise affecting the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Water elevation in the flood season and implications for rice production. Climatic Change 66: 89-107.
    • (2004) Climatic Change , vol.66 , pp. 89-107
    • Wassmann, R.1    Hien, N.X.2    Hoanh, C.T.3    Tuong, T.P.4
  • 90
    • 84885497868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic conservation planning: Past, present and future
    • ed. R. Whittaker, and R. Ladle. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell
    • Watson, J.E.M., H. Grantham, K.A. Wilson, and H.P. Possingham. 2011b. Systematic conservation planning: Past, present and future. In Conservation biogeography, ed. R. Whittaker, and R. Ladle. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
    • (2011) Conservation Biogeography
    • Watson, J.E.M.1    Grantham, H.2    Wilson, K.A.3    Possingham, H.P.4
  • 91
    • 84892583902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change adaptation planning for biodiversity conservation: A review
    • Watson, J.E.M., M. Rao, A. Kang, and X. Yan. 2012. Climate change adaptation planning for biodiversity conservation: A review. Advances in Climate Change Research 3: 1-11.
    • (2012) Advances in Climate Change Research , vol.3 , pp. 1-11
    • Watson, J.E.M.1    Rao, M.2    Kang, A.3    Yan, X.4
  • 93
    • 84892611243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Yangon, Myanmar: Wildlife Conservation Society
    • Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). 2012. Myanmar Biodiversity Conservation Investment Vision. Yangon, Myanmar: Wildlife Conservation Society.
    • (2012) Myanmar Biodiversity Conservation Investment Vision
  • 94
    • 77952089984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography and conservation in Southeast Asia: How 2.7 million years of repeated environmental fluctuations affect today's patterns and the future of the remaining refugial-phase biodiversity
    • Woodruff, D.S. 2010. Biogeography and conservation in Southeast Asia: How 2.7 million years of repeated environmental fluctuations affect today's patterns and the future of the remaining refugial-phase biodiversity. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 919-941.
    • (2010) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.19 , pp. 919-941
    • Woodruff, D.S.1
  • 95
    • 84892585413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Woods, K., and K. Canby. 2012. Baseline Study 4. Myanmar: Overview of Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade. Forest Trends. Retrieved May 23, 2013, from
    • Woods, K., and K. Canby. 2012. Baseline Study 4. Myanmar: Overview of Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade. Forest Trends. Retrieved May 23, 2013, from http://foresttrends.org/publication-details.php&publicationID= 3159.
  • 96
    • 77952566470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. Retrieved May 16, 2013, from
    • Xuan Canh, L., L. Khac Quyet, D. Thanh Hai, and R. Boonratana. 2008. Rhinopithecus avunculus. IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. Retrieved May 16, 2013, from www.iucnredlist.org.
    • (2008) Rhinopithecus Avunculus
    • Xuan Canh, L.1    Khac Quyet, L.2    Thanh Hai, D.3    Boonratana, R.4
  • 97
    • 63149142167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate warming and reproduction in Chinese alligators
    • Zhang, F., Y. Li, Z. Guo, and B.R. Murray. 2009. Climate warming and reproduction in Chinese alligators. Animal Conservation 12: 128-137
    • (2009) Animal Conservation , vol.12 , pp. 128-137
    • Zhang, F.1    Li, Y.2    Guo, Z.3    Murray, B.R.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.