메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 42-52

Task shifting of HIV management from doctors to nurses in Africa: Clinical outcomes and evidence on nurse self-efficacy and job satisfaction

Author keywords

nurse job satisfaction; nurse self efficacy; nurse initiated ART; nurse managed ART; task sharing; task shifting

Indexed keywords

AFRICA; ARTICLE; FOLLOW UP; HOSPITAL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; JOB SATISFACTION; KNOWLEDGE; META ANALYSIS; MORALITY; MORTALITY; NURSE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT COMFORT; PHYSICIAN; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REWARD; SELF CONCEPT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TASK SHIFTING; VIRUS LOAD;

EID: 84891372255     PISSN: 09540121     EISSN: 13600451     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2013.793278     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (49)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 84856286991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and acceptability of delivery of antiretroviral treatment in health centers by health officers and nurses in ethiopia
    • doi:10.1258/jhsrp.2011.010135
    • Assefa, Y., Kiflie, A., Tekle, B., Mariam, D. H., Laga, M., & Van Damme, W. (2012). Effectiveness and acceptability of delivery of antiretroviral treatment in health centers by health officers and nurses in Ethiopia. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 17, 24;29. doi:10.1258/jhsrp.2011. 010135
    • (2012) Journal of Health Services Research & Policy , vol.17 , pp. 24-29
    • Assefa, Y.1    Kiflie, A.2    Tekle, B.3    Mariam, D.H.4    Laga, M.5    Van Damme, W.6
  • 2
    • 84891372307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association Of Nurses In AIDS Care. Retrieved from
    • Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. (2008). Conference Abstracts. Retrieved from http://www.anac2008.org/index.php
    • (2008) Conference Abstracts.
  • 4
    • 33746878674 scopus 로고
    • Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency
    • doi101037/0003-066X372122
    • Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122;147. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
    • (1982) American Psychologist , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-147
    • Bandura, A.1
  • 5
    • 0000106003 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cognitive processes through perceived self-efficacy
    • doi101037/0012-1649255729
    • Bandura,A. (1989).Regulation of cognitive processes through perceived self-efficacy. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 729;735. doi:10.1037/0012-1649. 25.5.729
    • (1989) Developmental Psychology , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 729-735
    • Bandura, A.1
  • 6
    • 39449099178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing antiretroviral therapy in rural communities: The lusikisiki model of decentralized hiv/aids care
    • doi:10.1086/521114
    • Bedelu, M., Ford, N., Hilderbrand, K., & Reuter, H. (2007). Implementing antiretroviral therapy in rural communities: The Lusikisiki model of decentralized HIV/AIDS care. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 196, S464;S468. doi:10.1086/521114
    • (2007) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.196
    • Bedelu, M.1    Ford, N.2    Hilderbrand, K.3    Reuter, H.4
  • 7
    • 78649690143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Providing universal access to antiretroviral therapy inthyolo, malawi through task shifting and decentralization of hiv/aids care
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02649.x
    • Bemelmans, M., Van Den Akker, T., Ford, N., Philips, M., Zachariah, R., Harries, A., . . . Massaquoi, M. (2010). Providing universal access to antiretroviral therapy inThyolo, Malawi through task shifting and decentralization of HIV/AIDS care. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 15(12), 1413;1420. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02649.x
    • (2010) Tropical Medicine and International Health , vol.15 , Issue.12 , pp. 1413-1420
    • Bemelmans, M.1    Van Den Akker, T.2    Ford, N.3    Philips, M.4    Zachariah, R.5    Harries, A.6    Massaquoi, M.7
  • 8
    • 35448950466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes and cd4 cell response in children receiving antiretroviral therapy at primary health care facilities in zambia
    • doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1888
    • Bolton-Moore, C., Mubiana-Mbewe, M., Cantrell, R. A., Chintu, N., Stringer, E. M. D., Chi, B. H., . . . Stringer, J. (2007). Clinical outcomes and CD4 cell response in children receiving antiretroviral therapy at primary health care facilities in Zambia. Journal of American Medical Association, 298(16), 1888;1899. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1888
    • (2007) Journal of American Medical Association , vol.298 , Issue.16 , pp. 1888-1899
    • Bolton-Moore, C.1    Mubiana-Mbewe, M.2    Cantrell, R.A.3    Chintu, N.4    Stringer, E.M.D.5    Chi, B.H.6    Stringer, J.7
  • 9
    • 84862529732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of hiv care decentralization from the patient's perspective: Health-related quality of life and perceived quality of services in cameroon
    • EVAL Study Group. doi:10.1093/heapol/czr039
    • Boyer, S., Protopopescu, C., Marcellin, F., Carrieri, M. P., Koulla-Shiro, S., Moatti, J. P.,. . .EVAL Study Group. (2011). Performance of HIV care decentralization from the patient's perspective: Health-related quality of life and perceived quality of services in Cameroon. Health Policy and Planning, 27, 301;315. doi:10.1093/heapol/czr039
    • (2011) Health Policy and Planning , vol.27 , pp. 301-315
    • Boyer, S.1    Protopopescu, C.2    Marcellin, F.3    Carrieri, M.P.4    Koulla-Shiro, S.5    Moatti, J.P.6
  • 10
    • 81155161061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of stable hiv-positive patients down-referred from doctor-managed art clinics to nurse-managed primary health clinics for monitoring and treatment
    • Retrieved from
    • Brennan, A., Long, L., Maskew, M., Sanne, I., Jaffray, I., Macphail, P., & Fox, M. P. (2011). Outcomes of stable HIV-positive patients down-referred from doctor-managed ART clinics to nurse-managed primary health clinics for monitoring and treatment. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 25, 2027;2036. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21997488
    • (2011) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome , vol.25 , pp. 2027-2036
    • Brennan, A.1    Long, L.2    Maskew, M.3    Sanne, I.4    Jaffray, I.5    Macphail, P.6    Fox, M.P.7
  • 11
    • 77955409134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health workforce responses to global health initiatives funding: A comparison of malawi and zambia
    • Retrieved from
    • Brugha, R., Kadzandira, J., Simbaya, J., Dicker, P., Mwapasa, V., & Walsh, W. (2010). Health workforce responses to global health initiatives funding: A comparison of Malawi and Zambia. Human Resources for Health, 8, 19. Retrieved from http://www.humanresources-health.com/content/8/1/19
    • (2010) Human Resources for Health , vol.8 , pp. 19
    • Brugha, R.1    Kadzandira, J.2    Simbaya, J.3    Dicker, P.4    Mwapasa, V.5    Walsh, W.6
  • 12
    • 0024228567 scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction, powerlessness and locus of control
    • doi101177/019394598801000604
    • Bush, J. P. (1988). Job satisfaction, powerlessness and locus of control. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 10(6), 718;731. doi:10.1177/ 019394598801000604
    • (1988) Western Journal of Nursing Research , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 718-731
    • Bush, J.P.1
  • 13
    • 77953333225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of task-shifting for HIV treatment and care in Africa
    • Retrieved from
    • Callaghan, M., Ford, N., & Schneider, H. (2010). A systematic review of task-shifting for HIV treatment and care in Africa. Human Resource for Health, 31(8), 8. Retrieved from http://www.human-resourceshealth. com/content/8/1/8
    • (2010) Human Resource for Health , vol.31 , Issue.8 , pp. 8
    • Callaghan, M.1    Ford, N.2    Schneider, H.3
  • 14
    • 84856612034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse initiation and maintenance of patients on antiretroviral therapy: Are nurses in primary care clinics initiating art after attending nimart training?
    • Retrieved from
    • Cameron, D., Gerber, A., Mbatha, M., Mutyabule, J., & Swart, H. (2012). Nurse initiation and maintenance of patients on antiretroviral therapy: Are nurses in primary care clinics initiating ART after attending NIMART training? South African Medical Journal, 102(2), 98;100. Retrieved from http://www.samj.org. za/index.php/samj/article/view/5322/3853
    • (2012) South African Medical Journal , vol.102 , Issue.2 , pp. 98-100
    • Cameron, D.1    Gerber, A.2    Mbatha, M.3    Mutyabule, J.4    Swart, H.5
  • 15
    • 63149102742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year virologic outcomes of an alternative aids care model: Evaluation of a peer health worker and nurse-staffed community-based program in uganda
    • doi101097/QAI0b01e3181988375
    • Chang, L. W., Alamo, S., Guma, S., Christopher, J., Suntoke, T., Omasete, R., . . . Reynolds, S. J. (2009). Two-year virologic outcomes of an alternative AIDS care model: Evaluation of a peer health worker and nurse-staffed community-based program in Uganda. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 50(3), 276;282. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b01e3181988375
    • (2009) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 276-282
    • Chang, L.W.1    Alamo, S.2    Guma, S.3    Christopher, J.4    Suntoke, T.5    Omasete, R.6    Reynolds, S.J.7
  • 16
    • 84866267162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral treatment outcomes from a nurse-driven, communitysupported hiv/aids treatment program in rural lesotho: Observational cohort assessment at two years
    • Retrieved from
    • Cohen, R., Lynch, S., Bygrave, H., Eggers, E., Vlahakis, N., Hilderbrand, K., . . . Ford, N. (2009). Antiretroviral treatment outcomes from a nurse-driven, communitysupported HIV/AIDS treatment program in rural Lesotho: observational cohort assessment at two years. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 12(23), 1;8. Retrieved from http://www.jiasociety.org/content/12/1/23
    • (2009) Journal of the International AIDS Society , vol.12 , Issue.23 , pp. 1-8
    • Cohen, R.1    Lynch, S.2    Bygrave, H.3    Eggers, E.4    Vlahakis, N.5    Hilderbrand, K.6    Ford, N.7
  • 17
    • 84857989936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy and programmatic implications of task shifting in uganda: A case study
    • Retrieved from
    • Dambisya, Y. M., & Matinhure, S. (2012). Policy and programmatic implications of task shifting in Uganda: A case study. Health Services Research, 12, 61. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/12/61
    • (2012) Health Services Research , vol.12 , pp. 61
    • Dambisya, Y.M.1    Matinhure, S.2
  • 18
    • 70350767321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of hiv scale-up on the role of the nurses in south africa: Time for a new approach
    • Retrieved from
    • Dohrn, J., Nzama, B., & Murrman, M. (2009). The impact of HIV Scale-up on the role of the nurses in South Africa: Time for a new approach. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus, 52(Suppl. 1), S27;S29. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2009/11011/ The;Impact;of;HIV;Scale;Up;on;the; Role;of;Nurses.9.aspx
    • (2009) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus , vol.52 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Dohrn, J.1    Nzama, B.2    Murrman, M.3
  • 19
    • 4243169284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using mid-level cadres as substitutes for internationally mobile health professionals in africa: A desk review
    • doi:10.1186/1478-4491-2-7
    • Dolvo, D. (2004). Using mid-level cadres as substitutes for internationally mobile health professionals in Africa: A desk review. Human Resources for Health, (2), 7. doi:10.1186/1478-4491-2-7
    • (2004) Human Resources for Health , vol.2 , pp. 7
    • Dolvo, D.1
  • 20
    • 84865783160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task shifting of antiretroviral treatment from doctors to primary-care nurses in south africa (stretch): A pragmatic, parallel, cluster-randomized trial
    • doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60730-2
    • Fairall, L., Bachmann, M. O., Lombard, C., Timmerman, V., Uebel, K., Zwarenstein, M., . . . Bateman, E. (2012). Task shifting of antiretroviral treatment from doctors to primary-care nurses in South Africa (STRETCH): A pragmatic, parallel, cluster-randomized trial. The Lancet, 380(9845), 889;898. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60730-2
    • (2012) The Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9845 , pp. 889-898
    • Fairall, L.1    Bachmann, M.O.2    Lombard, C.3    Timmerman, V.4    Uebel, K.5    Zwarenstein, M.6    Bateman, E.7
  • 21
    • 80053172717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first decade of antiretroviral therapy in africa
    • Retrieved from
    • Ford, N., Calmy, A., & Mills, E. J. (2011). The first decade of antiretroviral therapy in Africa. Global Health, 29(7), 33. Retrieved from http://www.globalizationand health.com/content/7/1/33
    • (2011) Global Health , vol.29 , Issue.7 , pp. 33
    • Ford, N.1    Calmy, A.2    Mills, E.J.3
  • 22
    • 84866423390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing nurse-initiated and managed antiretroviral treatment (nimart) in south africa: A qualitative process evaluation of the stretch trial
    • Retrieved from
    • Georgeu, D., Colvin, C. J., Lewin, S., Fairall, L., Bachmann, M. O., Uebel, K., . . . Bateman, E. D. (2012). Implementing nurse-initiated and managed antiretroviral treatment (NIMART) in South Africa: A qualitative process evaluation of the STRETCH trial. Implementation Science, 7, 66. Retrieved from http://www.implementationscience.com/content/7/1/66
    • (2012) Implementation Science , Issue.7 , pp. 66
    • Georgeu, D.1    Colvin, C.J.2    Lewin, S.3    Fairall, L.4    Bachmann, M.O.5    Uebel, K.6    Bateman, E.D.7
  • 23
    • 84891371986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International AIDS Society. Retrieved from
    • International AIDS Society. (2008). Conference Abstract Book Volume 2. Retrieved from http://www.muu csf.org/publications/Publications;pdfs/Other/ aids2008; book;vol2;web.pdf
    • (2008) Conference Abstract Book , vol.2
  • 25
    • 72149133645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of virological failure in patients treated in a home-based versus a facility-based hiv-care model in jinja, southeast uganda: A cluster-randomized equivalence trial
    • Retrieved from
    • Jaffar, S., Amuron, B., Foster, S., Birungi, J., Levin, J., Namara, J., . . . Grosskurth, H. (2009). Rates of virological failure in patients treated in a home-based versus a facility-based HIV-care model in Jinja, southeast Uganda: A cluster-randomized equivalence trial. The Lancet, 374, 2080;2089. Retrieved from http://www.thelancet.com
    • (2009) The Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 2080-2089
    • Jaffar, S.1    Amuron, B.2    Foster, S.3    Birungi, J.4    Levin, J.5    Namara, J.6    Grosskurth, H.7
  • 26
    • 67650398338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task shifting: The answer to the human resources crisis in africa
    • doi:10.1186/1478-4491-7-49
    • Lehmann, U., Van Damme, W., Barten, F., & Sander, D. (2009). Task Shifting: The answer to the human resources crisis in Africa. Human Resources for Health, 7, 49. doi:10.1186/1478-4491-7-49
    • (2009) Human Resources for Health , vol.7 , pp. 49
    • Lehmann, U.1    Van Damme, W.2    Barten, F.3    Sander, D.4
  • 27
    • 79960925910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment outcomes and cost-effectiveness of shifting management of stableart patients to nurses in south africa: An observational cohort
    • Retrieved from
    • Long, L., Brennan, A., Fox, M. P., Ndibongo, B., Jaffray, I., Sanne, I., & Rosen, S. (2011). Treatment outcomes and cost-effectiveness of shifting management of stableART patients to nurses in South Africa: An observational cohort. PLoS Medicine, 8(7). Retrieved from http://www.plosmedicine.org
    • (2011) PLoS Medicine , vol.8 , Issue.7
    • Long, L.1    Brennan, A.2    Fox, M.P.3    Ndibongo, B.4    Jaffray, I.5    Sanne, I.6    Rosen, S.7
  • 28
    • 84877313507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness and cost implications of task shifting in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy to hiv-infected patients: A systematic review
    • doi:10.1093/heapol/czs058
    • Mdege, N. D., Chindove, S., & Ali, S. (2012). The effectiveness and cost implications of task shifting in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy to HIV-infected patients: A systematic review. Health Policy and Planning, 1;14. doi:10.1093/heapol/czs058
    • (2012) Health Policy and Planning , pp. 1-14
    • Mdege, N.D.1    Chindove, S.2    Ali, S.3
  • 29
    • 84255191578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hiv management by nurse prescribers compared with doctors at a pediatric center in gaborone, botswana
    • Retrieved from
    • Monyatsi, G., Mullan, P. C., Phelps, B. R., Tolle, M. A., Machine, E. M., Gennari, F. F., . . .Anabwani, G. M. (2012). HIV management by nurse prescribers compared with doctors at a pediatric center in Gaborone, Botswana. South African Medical Journal, 102(1), 34;37. Retrieved from http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/5187
    • (2012) South African Medical Journal , vol.102 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-37
    • Monyatsi, G.1    Mullan, P.C.2    Phelps, B.R.3    Tolle, M.A.4    Machine, E.M.5    Gennari, F.F.6    Anabwani, G.M.7
  • 30
    • 61849124181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of task-shifting to rapidl scale-up hiv treatment services: Experience from lusaka, zambia
    • Retrieved from
    • Morris, M. B., Chapula, B. T., Chi, H. F., Mwanza, J., Manda, H., Bolton, C., . . . Reid, S. E. (2009). Use of task-shifting to rapidl scale-up HIV treatment services: Experience from Lusaka, Zambia. Health Services Research, 9(9), 5. Retrieved from http://www.biomed central.com/1472-6963/9/5
    • (2009) Health Services Research , vol.9 , Issue.9 , pp. 5
    • Morris, M.B.1    Chapula, B.T.2    Chi, H.F.3    Mwanza, J.4    Manda, H.5    Bolton, C.6    Reid, S.E.7
  • 31
    • 80052027841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of patient attitudes towards decentralization of hiv care in an urban clinic in south africa
    • Retrieved from
    • Mukora, R., Charalambous, S., Dahab, M., Hamilton, R., & Karstaedt, A. (2011). A study of patient attitudes towards decentralization of HIV care in an urban clinic in South Africa. Health Services Research, 11(205). Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/11/205
    • (2011) Health Services Research , vol.11 , pp. 205
    • Mukora, R.1    Charalambous, S.2    Dahab, M.3    Hamilton, R.4    Karstaedt, A.5
  • 32
    • 77955129132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From medical rationing to rationalizing the use of human resources for aids care and treatment in africa: A case for task shifting
    • doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2010.00281.x
    • Price, J., & Bingwaho, A. (2010). From medical rationing to rationalizing the use of human resources for AIDS care and treatment in Africa: A case for task shifting. Developing World Bioethics., 10(2), 99;103. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8847.2010.00281.x
    • (2010) Developing World Bioethics. , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-103
    • Price, J.1    Bingwaho, A.2
  • 33
  • 34
    • 77954693434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse management is not inferior to doctor management of antiretroviral patients: The cipra south africa randomized trial
    • CIPRA-SA Study Team.
    • Sanne, I., Orrell, C., Fox, M. P., Conradie, F., Ive, P., Zeinecker, J., . . . CIPRA-SA Study Team. (2010) Nurse management is not inferior to doctor management of antiretroviral patients: The CIPRA South Africa randomized trial. The Lancet, 376(9734), 33;40.
    • (2010) The Lancet , vol.376 , Issue.9734 , pp. 33-40
    • Sanne, I.1    Orrell, C.2    Fox, M.P.3    Conradie, F.4    Ive, P.5    Zeinecker, J.6
  • 35
    • 74349126958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of care provided by non-physician clinicians and physician in mozambique: A retrospective cohort study
    • Retrieved from
    • Sherr, K. H., Micek, M. A., Gimbel, S., Gloyd, S. S., Hughes, J. P., John-Stewart, G. C., . . . Weiss, N. S. (2010). Quality of Care provided by non-physician clinicians and physician in Mozambique: A retrospective cohort study. AIDS 2010, 24(Suppl. 1), S59;S66. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/20023441
    • (2010) AIDS 2010 , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Sherr, K.H.1    Micek, M.A.2    Gimbel, S.3    Gloyd, S.S.4    Hughes, J.P.5    John-Stewart, G.C.6    Weiss, N.S.7
  • 36
    • 70449124194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task shifting for scale-up of hiv care: Evaluation of nurse-centered antiretroviral treatment at rural health centers in rwanda
    • Retrieved from
    • Shumbusho, F., Van Griensven, J., Lowrance, D., Turate, I., Weaver, W., Price, P., & Binagwaho, A. (2009). Task shifting for scale-up of HIV care: Evaluation of nurse-centered antiretroviral treatment at Rural Health Centers in Rwanda. PLoS Medicine, 6(10), 1; 12. Retrieved from http://www.plosmedicine.org
    • (2009) PLoS Medicine , vol.6 , Issue.10 , pp. 1-12
    • Shumbusho, F.1    Van Griensven, J.2    Lowrance, D.3    Turate, I.4    Weaver, W.5    Price, P.6    Binagwaho, A.7
  • 37
    • 84891372733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of client waiting time through task shifting in northern nigeria. 5th ias conference on hiv pathogenesis, treatment and prevention, cape town. [abstract cdd091].unaids. (2012a
    • Retrieved from
    • Udegboka, N., & Moses, J. H. (2009). Reduction of client waiting time through task shifting in Northern Nigeria. 5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Cape Town. [Abstract CDD091]. UNAIDS. (2012a). Regional Fact Sheets. Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/media/ unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/201207;RegionalFact Sheet;en.pdf
    • (2009) Regional Fact Sheets.
    • Udegboka, N.1    Moses, J.H.2
  • 38
    • 84865745562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNAIDS Retrieved from
    • UNAIDS. (2012b). Together we will end AIDS. Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/content assets/documents/epidemiology/ 2012/20120718;together wewillendaids;en.pdf
    • (2012) Together we will end AIDS.
  • 39
    • 70049111750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agreement between physician and non-physician clinicians in starting antiretroviral therapy in rural uganda
    • doi:10.1186/1478-4491-7-75
    • Vasan, A., Kenya-Mugisha, N., Seung, K., Achieng, M., Banura, P., Lule, F., . . . Madraa, E. (2009). Agreement between physician and non-physician clinicians in starting antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda. Human Resources for Health, 7, 75. doi:10.1186/1478-4491-7-75
    • (2009) Human Resources for Health , vol.7 , pp. 75
    • Vasan, A.1    Kenya-Mugisha, N.2    Seung, K.3    Achieng, M.4    Banura, P.5    Lule, F.6    Madraa, E.7
  • 42
    • 79955958965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outreach education for integration of hiv/aids care, antiretroviral treatment, and tuberculosis care in primary care clinics in south africa: Palsa plus pragmatic cluster randomized trial
    • doi:10.1136/bmj.d2022
    • Zwarenstein, M., Fairall, L. R., Lombard, C., Mayers, P., Bheekie, A., English, R. G., . . . Bateman, E. (2011). Outreach education for integration of HIV/AIDS care, antiretroviral treatment, and tuberculosis care in primary care clinics in South Africa: PALSA PLUS pragmatic cluster randomized trial. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.), 342, d2022. doi:10.1136/bmj.d2022
    • (2011) British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed. , vol.342
    • Zwarenstein, M.1    Fairall, L.R.2    Lombard, C.3    Mayers, P.4    Bheekie, A.5    English, R.G.6    Bateman, E.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.