Screening of testosterone esters in human plasma

Drug Testing and Analysis

Volumn 5, Issue 11-12, 2013, Pages 826-833

  Forsdahl, G ^a,b   Vatne, H K ^b   Geisendorfer, T ^a   Gmeiner, G ^a  

^a Seibersdorf Labor GmbH   (Austria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TROMSØ   (Norway)

Author keywords

Doping analysis; Mass spectrometry; Oxime derivatives; Testosterone ester

Indexed keywords

ESTERS; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLASMA (HUMAN);

'CURRENT; DOPING ANALYSIS; HUMAN PLASMAS; LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION; ON-LINE SEPARATION; OXIME DERIVATIVE; SAMPLE CLEAN-UP; SCREENING METHODS; TESTOSTERONE; TESTOSTERONE ESTER;

MASS SPECTROMETRY;

METHYLTESTOSTERONE; NANDROLONE DECANOATE; TESTOSTERONE ACETATE; TESTOSTERONE BENZOATE; TESTOSTERONE CIPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE DERIVATIVE; TESTOSTERONE ENANTATE; TESTOSTERONE ESTER; TESTOSTERONE ISOCAPROATE; TESTOSTERONE PHENYLPROPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DERIVATIZATION; DRUG SCREENING; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LIMIT OF DETECTION; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION; MALE; MOLECULAR STABILITY; NORMAL HUMAN; PLASMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TESTOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; VALIDATION PROCESS;

DOPING ANALYSIS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; OXIME DERIVATIVES; TESTOSTERONE ESTER;

ANDROGENS; CHROMATOGRAPHY, LIQUID; DOPING IN SPORTS; ESTERS; HUMANS; LIMIT OF DETECTION; LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION; OXIMES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE DETECTION; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 84890805303     PISSN: 19427603     EISSN: 19427611     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dta.1560     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). 2011 Laboratory Testing Figures. Overview of Results. Available at: http://www.wada-ama.org/Documents/Resources/Testing-Figures/WADA-2011-Laboratory-Testing-Figures.pdf [28 May 2013].
2. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Technical Document TD2004EAAS. Reporting and Evaluation Guidance for Testosterone, Epitestosterone, T/E Ratio and other Endogenous Steroids. Available at: http://www.wada-ama.org/Documents/World_Anti-Doping_Program/WADP-IS-Laboratories/Technical_Documents/WADA_TD2004EAAS_Reporting_Evaluation_Testosterone_Epitestosterone_TE_Ratio_EN.pdf [28 May 2013].
3. M. Donike, K.R. Barwald, K. Klostermann, W. Schänzer, J. Zimmermann, in Leistung und Gesundheit, Kongressbericht des Deutschen Sportärztekongress. (Eds: H. Heck, W. Hollmann, H. Liesen, R. Rost ), Deutscher Ärzte Verlag: Cologne, 1983, pp. 293-298.
4. D.H. Catlin, C.K. Hatton, S.H. Starcevic Issues in detecting abuse of xenobiotic anabolic steroids and testosterone by analysis of athletes' urine. Clin. Chem. 1997, 43, 1280.
5. H. Geyer, U. Mareck-Engelke, W. Schänzer, M. Donike, in Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (4). (Eds: W. Schänzer, H. Geyer, A. Gotzmann, U. Mareck-Engelke ), Sport und Buch Strauß: Cologne, 1997, pp. 107-125.
6. A.T. Kicman, D.A. Cowan Subject-based profiling for the detection of testosterone administration in sport. Drug Test. Anal. 2009, 1, 22.
7. M. Becchi, R. Aguilera, Y. Farizon, M.M. Flament, H. Casabianca, P. James Gas chromatography/combustion/isotope-ratio mass spectrometry analysis of urinary steroids to detect misuse of testosterone in sport. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 8, 304.
8. R. Aguilera, M. Becchi, H. Casabianca, C.K. Hatton, D.H. Catlin, B. Starcevic, H.G. Pope Jr. Improved method of detection of testosterone abuse by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry analysis of urinary steroids. J. Mass Spectrom. 1996, 31, 169.
9. S. Horning, H. Geyer, M. Machnik, W. Schänzer, H. Hilkert, J. Oeßelmann, in Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (4). (Eds: W. Schänzer, H. Geyer, A. Gotzmann, U. Mareck-Engelke ), Sport und Buch Strauß: Cologne, 1997, pp. 275-284.
10. C.H. Shackleton, A. Phillips, T. Chang, Y. Li Confirming testosterone administration by isotope ratio mass spectrometric analysis of urinary androstanediols. Steroids 1997, 62, 379.
11. R. Aguilera, D.H. Catlin, M. Becchi, A. Phillips, C. Wang, R.S. Swerdloff, H.G. Pope, C.K. Hatton Screening urine for exogenous testosterone by isotope ratio mass spectrometric analysis of one pregnanediol and two androstanediols. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. 1999, 727, 95.
12. R. Aguilera, T.E. Chapman, B. Starcevic, C.K. Hatton, D.H. Catlin Performance characteristics of a carbon isotope ratio method for detecting doping with testosterone based on urine diols: Controls and athletes with elevated testosterone/epitestosterone ratios. Clin. Chem. 2001, 47, 292.
13. C. Saudan, N. Baume, P. Mangin, M. Saugy Urinary analysis of 16(5alpha)-androsten-3alpha-ol by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry: Implications in anti-doping analysis. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 2004, 810, 157.
14. A.T. Cawley, R. Kazlauskas, G.J. Trout, J.H. Rogerson, A.V. George Isotopic fractionation of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids and its relationship to doping control in sports. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 2005, 43, 32.
15. U. Flenker, U. Guntner, W. Schanzer Delta13C-values of endogenous urinary steroids. Steroids 2008, 73, 408.
16. U. Srinivas-Shankar, F.C. Wu Drug insight: Testosterone preparations. Nat. Clin. Pract. Urol. 2006, 3, 653.
17. H.M. Behre, C. Wang, D.J. Handelsman, E. Nieschlag, in Testosterone. Action, Deficiency, Substitution, (Eds: E. Nieschlag, H.M. Behre ), Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2004, pp. 405-444.
18. E. Nieschlag, H.M. Behre, P. Bouchard, J.J. Corrales, T.H. Jones, G.K. Stalla, S.M. Webb, F.C. Wu Testosterone replacement therapy: Current trends and future directions. Hum. Reprod. Update 2004, 10, 409.
19. H.J. Horst, W.J. Holtje, M. Dennis, A. Coert, J. Geelen, K.D. Voigt Lymphatic absorption and metabolism of orally administered testosterone undecanoate in man. Klin. Wochenschr. 1976, 54, 875.
20. D.M. Shackleford, W.A. Faassen, N. Houwing, H. Lass, G.A. Edwards, C.J. Porter, W.N. Charman Contribution of lymphatically transported testosterone undecanoate to the systemic exposure of testosterone after oral administration of two andriol formulations in conscious lymph duct-cannulated dogs. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2003, 306, 925.
21. U. Tauber, K. Schroder, B. Dusterberg, H. Matthes Absolute bioavailability of testosterone after oral administration of testosterone-undecanoate and testosterone. Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 1986, 11, 145.
22. M. Fujioka, Y. Shinohara, S. Baba, M. Irie, K. Inoue Pharmacokinetic properties of testosterone propionate in normal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1986, 63, 1361.
23. X. de la Torre, J. Segura, A. Polettini, in Recent advances in doping analysis (2). (Eds: M. Donike, H. Geyer, A. Gotzmann, U. Mareck-Engelke ), Sport und Buch Strauß: Cologne, 1995, pp. 59-80.
24. S. Baba, M. Fujioka, Y. Shinohara, T. Furuta Determination of testosterone propionate in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 1985, 337, 205.
25. C.H. Shackleton, H. Chuang, J. Kim, X. de la Torre, J. Segura Electrospray mass spectrometry of testosterone esters: Potential for use in doping control. Steroids 1997, 62, 523.
26. B.P. Gray, P. Teale, C.M. Pearce Analysis of methyloxime derivatives of intact esters of testosterone and boldenone in equine plasma using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Test. Anal. 2011, 3, 206.
27. D. Hooijerink, R. Schilt, E. van Bennekom, B. Brouwer Determination of anabolic esters in oily formulations and plasma in husbandry using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass selective detection. Analyst 1994, 119, 2617.
28. A.A. Stolker, M.J. Groot, J.J. Lasaroms, A.W. Nijrolder, M.H. Blokland, I. Riedmaier, C. Becker, H.H. Meyer, M.W. Nielen Detectability of testosterone esters and estradiol benzoate in bovine hair and plasma following pour-on treatment. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2009, 395, 1075.
29. P. Anielski Hair analysis of anabolic steroids in connection with doping control-results from horse samples. J. Mass Spectrom. 2008, 43, 1001.
30. I. Becue, T.F. Bovee, C. Van Poucke, M.J. Groot, M.W. Nielen, C. Van Peteghem Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2011, 399, 1031.
31. Y. Gaillard, F. Vayssette, A. Balland, G. Pepin Gas chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric determination of anabolic steroids and their esters in hair. Application in doping control and meat quality control. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. 1999, 735, 189.
32. K.M. Hold, C.R. Borges, D.G. Wilkins, D.E. Rollins, R.E. Joseph Jr. Detection of nandrolone, testosterone, and their esters in rat and human hair samples. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1999, 23, 416.
33. P. Kintz, V. Cirimele, T. Jeanneau, B. Ludes Identification of testosterone and testosterone esters in human hair. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1999, 23, 352.
34. M.W.F. Nielen, J.J.P. Lasaroms, P.P.J. Mulder, J. Van Hende, J.A. van Rhijn, M.J. Groot Multi residue screening of intact testosterone esters and boldenone undecylenate in bovine hair using liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B 2006, 830, 126.
35. M.W.F. Nielen, A.W.J.M. Nijrolder, H. Hooijerink, A.A.M. Stolker Feasibility of desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for rapid screening of anabolic steroid esters in hair. Anal. Chim. Acta 2011, 700, 63.
36. O.J. Pozo, K. Deventer, P. Van Eenoo, R. Rubens, F.T. Delbeke Quantification of testosterone undecanoate in human hair by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed. Chromatogr. 2009, 23, 873.
37. World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). International Standard for Laboratories (ISL). Available at: http://www.wada-ama.org/Documents/World_Anti-Doping_Program/WADP-IS-Laboratories/ISL/WADA_Int_Standard_Laboratories_2012_EN.pdf [28 May 2013].
38. L.L. Jessome, D.A. Volmer Ion suppression: A major concern in mass spectrometry. Lc Gc N. Am. 2006, 24, 498.
39. V. Zaikin, J. Halket A Handbook of Derivatives for Mass Spectrometry. IM Publications LLP: West Sussex, 2009.
40. S. Liu, J. Sjovall, W.J. Griffiths Analysis of oxosteroids by nano-electrospray mass spectrometry of their oximes. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 14, 390.
41. R.C. Baselt Stability of cocaine in biological fluids. J. Chromatogr. 1983, 268, 502.
42. K.B. Scheidweiler, J. Shojaie, M.A. Plessinger, R.W. Wood, T.C. Kwong Stability of methylecgonidine and ecgonidine in sheep plasma in vitro. Clin. Chem. 2000, 46, 1787.
43. A.S. Fandino, S.W. Toennes, G.F. Kauert Studies on in vitro degradation of anhydroecgonine methyl ester (methylecgonidine) in human plasma. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2002, 26, 567.
44. K.A. Rees, N.S. Jones, P.A. McLaughlin, M.D. Osselton The effect of sodium fluoride preservative and storage temperature on the stability of 6-acetylmorphine in horse blood, sheep vitreous and deer muscle. Forensic Sci. Int. 2012, 217, 189.
45. K.A. Rees, N.S. Jones, P.A. McLaughlin, S. Seulin, V. Leyton, M. Yonamine, M.D. Osselton The effect of sodium fluoride preservative and storage temperature on the stability of cocaine in horse blood, sheep vitreous and deer muscle. Forensic Sci. Int. 2012, 217, 182.