Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease: Historical perspective and latest evidence

Current Atherosclerosis Reports

Volumn 15, Issue 12, 2013, Pages

  De Lorgeril, Michel ^a  

^a LABORATOIRE TIMC IMAG   (France)

Author keywords

Alcohol; Alpha linolenic acid (ALA); Cardiovascular disease (CVD); Mediterranean diet; Myocardial infarction; Omega 3 and Omega 6 fatty acids; Polyphenols; Randomized controlled trial (RCT); Wine

Indexed keywords

LINOLENIC ACID; OLIVE OIL; OLIVE POLYPHENOL HYDROXYTYROSOL; POLYPHENOL DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FAT INTAKE; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LOW FAT DIET; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); NUT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RISK REDUCTION; URINARY EXCRETION; ANIMAL; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; MORTALITY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

ANIMALS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIET, MEDITERRANEAN; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84890444358     PISSN: 15233804     EISSN: 15346242     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11883-013-0370-4     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Keys A. Seven countries: a multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. Harvard University Press; 1980.
2. Keys A, Menotti A, Karvonen MJ, et al. The diet and 15-year death rate in the seven countries study. Am J Epidemiol. 1986;124(6):903-15.
3. Keys A. Mediterranean diet and public health: personal reflections. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61(6 Suppl):1321S-3S.
4. •• de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, Salen P, et al. Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1994;343(8911):1454-9. Erratum in: Lancet 1995;345(8951):738. This is the first trial demonstrating the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet. It also explains why it is critical to advise patients to increase their intake in plant omega-3 alpha-linolenic.
5. •• de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Delaye J, Mamelle N. Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction: final report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation. 1999;99(6):779-85. This is the full report of the trial showing the striking protective effect of the Mediterranean diet. These results open the way to a full recognition of the concept and practices covering the Mediterranean diet issue.
6. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, et al. Mediterranean dietary pattern in a randomized trial: prolonged survival and possible reduced cancer rate. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(11):1181-7.
7. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Caillat-Vallet E, et al. Control of bias in dietary trial to prevent coronary recurrences: The Lyon Diet Heart Study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997;51(2):116-22.
8. • Sandker GW, Kromhout D, Aravanis C, et al. Serum cholesteryl ester fatty acids and their relation with serum lipids in elderly men in Crete and The Netherlands. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993;47(3):201-8. The study that showed the high intake in plant omega-3 by the Mediterranean people.
9. Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in edible wild plants. Biol Res. 2004;37(2):263-77.
10. Zeghichi S, Kallithraka S, Simopoulos AP, Kypriotakis Z. Nutritional composition of selected wild plants in the diet of Crete. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2003;91:22-40.
11. Willett WC. The Mediterranean diet: science and practice. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9(1A):105-10.
12. Willett WC. Eat, drink, and be healthy: the harvard medical school guide to healthy eating. Free Press; 2005
13. Ascherio A, Willett WC. New directions in dietary studies of coronary heart disease. J Nutr. 1995;125(3 Suppl):647S-55S.
14. Trichopoulos D. In defense of the Mediterranean diet. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002;56(9):928-9.
15. Ferro-Luzzi A, James WP, Kafatos A. The high-fat Greek diet: a recipe for all? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002;56(9):796-809.
16. •• Trichopoulou A, Costacou T, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(26):2599-608. The first epidemiological study using a Mediterranean diet-score and showing that adhesion to that diet is highly protective.
17. Knoops KT, de Groot LC, Kromhout D, et al. Mediterranean diet, lifestyle factors, and 10-year mortality in elderly European men and women. JAMA. 2004;292:1433-9.
18. Mitrou PN, Kipnis V, Thiébaut AC, et al. Mediterranean dietary pattern and prediction of all-cause mortality in a US population. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:2461-8.
19. Fung TT, Rexrode KM, Mantzoros CS, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Mediterranean diet and incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke in women. Circulation. 2009;119:1093-100.
20. Sofi F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A. Accruing evidence on benefits of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on health: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(5):1189-96.
21. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/ Mediterranean-Diet-UCM-306004-Article.jsp. Accessed August 25, 2013.
22. Shai I, Schwarzfuchs D, Henkin Y, et al. Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) Group. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(3):229-41.
23. http://www.escardio.org/guidelines-surveys/esc-guidelines/ GuidelinesDocuments/Essential-Messages-CVD-Prevention.pdf. Accessed August 25, 2013.
24. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, PREDIMED Study Investigators, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1279-90.
25. Appel LJ, Van Horn L. Did the PREDIMED trial test a Mediterranean diet? N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1353-4.
26. Tracy SW. Something new under the sun? The Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular health. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1274-6.
27. Hoevenaar-Blom MP, Nooyens AC, Kromhout D, et al. Mediterranean style diet and 12-year incidence of cardiovascular diseases: the EPIC-NL cohort study. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45458.
28. Martínez-González MA, Guillén-Grima F, De Irala J, et al. The Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduction in premature mortality among middle-aged adults. J Nutr. 2012;142(9):1672-8.
29. Gardener H, Wright CB, Gu Y, et al. Mediterranean-style diet and risk of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death: the Northern Manhattan Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94(6):1458-64.
30. Tognon G, Lissner L, Sæbye D, Walker KZ, Heitmann BL. The Mediterranean diet in relation to mortality and CVD: a Danish cohort study. Br J Nutr. 2013;3:1-9.
31. Hodge AM, English DR, Itsiopoulos C, O'Dea K, Giles GG. Does a Mediterranean diet reduce the mortality risk associated with diabetes: evidence from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;21(9):733-9.
32. Misirli G, Benetou V, Lagiou P, et al. Relation of the traditional Mediterranean diet to cerebrovascular disease in a Mediterranean population. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(12):1185-92.
33. Lourida I, Soni M, Thompson-Coon J, et al. Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: a systematic review. Epidemiology. 2013;24(4):479-89.
34. Hedden P. The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends Genet. 2003;19(1):5-9.
35. Song X, Ni Z, Yao Y, et al. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) root proteome and differentially expressed root proteins between hybrid and parents. Proteomics. 2007;7(19):3538-57.
36. Hu EA, Toledo E, Diez-Espino J, et al. Lifestyles and risk factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet: a baseline assessment of the PREDIMED trial. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60166.