메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-515

Fuel Cell Engines

(1)  Mench, Matthew M a  

a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84890241171     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470209769     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (697)

References (371)
  • 1
    • 33947172733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and Demonstration Plan for Fuel Cells
    • U.S. Department of Energy 2003 Multi-Year Research
    • U.S. Department of Energy 2003 Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan for Fuel Cells, http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/mypp/pdfs/3.4 fuelcells.pdf.
  • 2
    • 2442702370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Hydrogen Energy Transition: Moving Toward the Post Petroleum Age in Transportation
    • Academic
    • D. Sperling, and J. S. Cannon, The Hydrogen Energy Transition: Moving Toward the Post Petroleum Age in Transportation, Academic, 2004.
    • (2004)
    • Sperling, D.1    Cannon, J.S.2
  • 5
    • 0034674471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Tigers in the Fuel Cell Tank
    • R. F. Service, "New Tigers in the Fuel Cell Tank," Science, Vol. 288, pp. 1955-1957, 2000.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1955-1957
    • Service, R.F.1
  • 6
    • 84890225184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.siemenswestinghouse.com/en/fuelcells/hybrids/index.cfm.
  • 7
    • 84890211325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Energy SECA Program
    • U.S. Department of Energy SECA Program, http://www.netl.doe.gov/seca/, 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 8
    • 0004279628 scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell Technology
    • Academic, New York
    • B. S. Baker, Ed., Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell Technology, Academic, New York, 1965.
    • (1965)
    • Baker, B.S.1
  • 9
    • 84856392699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphoric Acid Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley
    • J. M. King, and H. R. Kunz, "Phosphoric Acid Electrolyte Fuel Cells," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, 2003, pp. 287-300.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 287-300
    • King, J.M.1    Kunz, H.R.2
  • 10
    • 0004135630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Handbook
    • 5th Ed., EG&G Services Parsons, Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, CA
    • Fuel Cell Handbook, 5th Ed., EG&G Services Parsons, Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, CA, 2000.
    • (2000)
  • 11
    • 0842333192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic Study of Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid on Spontaneously-Deposited Pt/Pd Nanoparticles-CO Tolerant Fuel Cell Chemistry
    • M. Zhao, C. Rice, R. I. Masel, P. Waszczuk, and A. Wieckowski, "Kinetic Study of Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid on Spontaneously-Deposited Pt/Pd Nanoparticles-CO Tolerant Fuel Cell Chemistry," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 151, No. 1, pp. A131-A136, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.151 , Issue.1
    • Zhao, M.1    Rice, C.2    Masel, R.I.3    Waszczuk, P.4    Wieckowski, A.5
  • 12
    • 0842290044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl Ether Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells for Portable Applications
    • M. M. Mench, H. M. Chance, and C. Y. Wang "Dimethyl Ether Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells for Portable Applications" J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 151, pp. A149-A150, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.151
    • Mench, M.M.1    Chance, H.M.2    Wang, C.Y.3
  • 13
    • 0035323473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Fuels as Alternatives to Methanol for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells
    • E. Peled, T. Duvdevani, A. Aharon, and A. Melman, "New Fuels as Alternatives to Methanol for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. A38-A41, 2001.
    • (2001) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.4 , Issue.4
    • Peled, E.1    Duvdevani, T.2    Aharon, A.3    Melman, A.4
  • 14
    • 33746061581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Other Direct-Alcohol Fuel Cells
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley
    • C. Lamy and E. M. Belgsir, "Other Direct-Alcohol Fuel Cells," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, 2003, pp. 323-334.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 323-334
    • Lamy, C.1    Belgsir, E.M.2
  • 15
    • 1842778990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of Electricity during Wastewater Treatment Using a Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell
    • H. Liu, R. Narayanan, and B. Logan, "Production of Electricity during Wastewater Treatment Using a Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell," Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 38, pp. 2281-2285, 2004.
    • (2004) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.38 , pp. 2281-2285
    • Liu, H.1    Narayanan, R.2    Logan, B.3
  • 18
    • 7544227821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic Biofuel Cells for Implantable and Microscale Devices
    • S. C. Barton, J. Gallaway, and P. Atanassov, "Enzymatic Biofuel Cells for Implantable and Microscale Devices," Chem. Rev., Vol. 104, pp. 4867-4886, 2004.
    • (2004) Chem. Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 4867-4886
    • Barton, S.C.1    Gallaway, J.2    Atanassov, P.3
  • 19
    • 34249887519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Today Market Study: Large Stationary Applications
    • article 1046, accessed September 28
    • A. Baker and K.-A. Adamson, "Fuel Cell Today Market Study: Large Stationary Applications," www.fuelcelltoday.com, article 1046, accessed September 28, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Baker, A.1    Adamson, K.-A.2
  • 20
    • 85129011118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Hydrogen Energy Transition: Cutting Carbon from Transportation
    • Elsevier
    • D. Sperling and J. S. Cannon, The Hydrogen Energy Transition: Cutting Carbon from Transportation, Elsevier, 2004.
    • (2004)
    • Sperling, D.1    Cannon, J.S.2
  • 21
    • 84890183000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Alternatives and Strategies for Future Hydrogen Production and Use Board on Energy and Environmental Systems, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs, National Research Council and National Academy of Engineering of the National Academies, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2003
    • Committee on Alternatives and Strategies for Future Hydrogen Production and Use Board on Energy and Environmental Systems, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs, National Research Council and National Academy of Engineering of the National Academies, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2003s.
  • 22
    • 33947231291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Market Survey: Automotive Hydrogen Infrastructure
    • article 988, May 25
    • A. Baker, "Fuel Cell Market Survey: Automotive Hydrogen Infrastructure," http://www .fuelcelltoday.com, article 988, May 25, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Baker, A.1
  • 23
    • 84890198981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toshiba's Methanol Fuel Cell, Digital Photography Review, June 24, 2004
    • Toshiba's Methanol Fuel Cell, Digital Photography Review, June 24, 2004.
  • 24
    • 84890199554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toshiba Press Release, June 24, 2004
    • Toshiba Press Release, June 24, 2004, http://www.toshiba.com/taec/press/dmfc 04 222.shtml.
  • 25
    • 34748926236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stack Materials and Stack Design
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley
    • Y. Mugikura, "Stack Materials and Stack Design," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, 2003, pp. 907-920.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 907-920
    • Mugikura, Y.1
  • 26
    • 84890160446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March
    • www.fuelcells.org, March 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 27
    • 34247391375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen/Oxygen (Air) Fuel Cells with Alkaline Electrolyte
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley
    • M. Cifrain and K. Kordesch, "Hydrogen/Oxygen (Air) Fuel Cells with Alkaline Electrolyte," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, 2003, pp. 267-280.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 267-280
    • Cifrain, M.1    Kordesch, K.2
  • 28
    • 0000128880 scopus 로고
    • On Voltaic Series and Combination of gases by Platinum
    • W. R. Grove, On Voltaic Series and Combination of gases by Platinum, Phil. Mag., Vol. 14, pp. 127-130, 1839.
    • (1839) Phil. Mag. , vol.14 , pp. 127-130
    • Grove, W.R.1
  • 29
    • 0036641456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Historical Perspective of Fuel Cell Technology in the 20th Century
    • M. L. Perry and T. F. Fuller, "A Historical Perspective of Fuel Cell Technology in the 20th Century," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 149, No. 7, pp. S59-S67, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.149 , Issue.7
    • Perry, M.L.1    Fuller, T.F.2
  • 30
    • 0002314517 scopus 로고
    • Über die elektrolytische Leitung fester Körper bei sehr hohen Temperaturen
    • W. Nernst, "Über die elektrolytische Leitung fester Körper bei sehr hohen Temperaturen," Z. Elektrochem., No. 6, pp. 41-43, 1899.
    • (1899) Z. Elektrochem. , Issue.6 , pp. 41-43
    • Nernst, W.1
  • 32
    • 33645442211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell TodayMarket Study: Portable Applications
    • September, article 1034, accessed September 28, 2005
    • A. Baker, D. Jollie, and K.-A. Adamson, "Fuel Cell TodayMarket Study: Portable Applications," September 2005, http://www.fuelcelltoday.com, article 1034, accessed September 28, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Baker, A.1    Jollie, D.2    Adamson, K.-A.3
  • 33
    • 0029407474 scopus 로고
    • The Point of aMonument: A History of the Aluminum Cap of theWashington Monument
    • G. J. Binczewski, "The Point of aMonument: A History of the Aluminum Cap of theWashington Monument," J. Met., Vol. 47, No. 11, pp. 20-25, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Met. , vol.47 , Issue.11 , pp. 20-25
    • Binczewski, G.J.1
  • 34
    • 84890139454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Battery and EV Industry Review
    • Business Communications Co, Formington, CT Distributed by Global Information
    • Battery and EV Industry Review, Business Communications Co, Formington, CT Distributed by Global Information, 2005.
    • (2005)
  • 35
    • 27844611150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • André-Marie Amp`ere: Enlightenment and Electrodynamics
    • Cambridge University Press, New York
    • J. R. Hofmann, André-Marie Amp`ere: Enlightenment and Electrodynamics, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1996.
    • (1996)
    • Hofmann, J.R.1
  • 36
    • 85193584641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volta: Science and Culture in the Age of Enlightenment
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
    • G. Pancaldi, Volta: Science and Culture in the Age of Enlightenment, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Pancaldi, G.1
  • 37
    • 0004142035 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry
    • 4th ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
    • T. L. Brown and H. E. LeMay, Chemistry, 4th ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988.
    • (1988)
    • Brown, T.L.1    LeMay, H.E.2
  • 38
    • 0003561662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications
    • 2nd ed., Wiley, New York
    • A. J. Bard and L. R. Falkner, Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Bard, A.J.1    Falkner, L.R.2
  • 39
    • 0041076581 scopus 로고
    • Werner Von Siemens: Inventor and International Entrepreneur
    • Ohio State University Press, Columbus, OH
    • W. Feldenkirchen, Werner Von Siemens: Inventor and International Entrepreneur, Ohio State University Press, Columbus, OH, 1994.
    • (1994)
    • Feldenkirchen, W.1
  • 40
    • 0003482665 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Systems
    • 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
    • J. S. Newman, Electrochemical Systems, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.
    • (1991)
    • Newman, J.S.1
  • 41
    • 0003725859 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Engineering Principles
    • Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
    • G. Prentice, Electrochemical Engineering Principles, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.
    • (1991)
    • Prentice, G.1
  • 42
    • 0742284577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pt Alloys as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • D. Thompsett, "Pt Alloys as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 467-480.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 467-480
    • Thompsett, D.1
  • 43
    • 0003665783 scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics
    • 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • M. J. Moran and H. N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Moran, M.J.1    Shapiro, H.N.2
  • 44
    • 0003511899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamics, an Engineering Approach
    • 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Y. A. Cengel and M. A. Boles, Thermodynamics, an Engineering Approach, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Cengel, Y.A.1    Boles, M.A.2
  • 45
    • 84890218027 scopus 로고
    • Compressibility Chart for Hydrogen and Inert Gases
    • F. D. Maslan and T. M. Littman, "Compressibility Chart for Hydrogen and Inert Gases," Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol. 45, No. 7, pp. 1566-1568, 1953.
    • (1953) Ind. Eng. Chem. , vol.45 , Issue.7 , pp. 1566-1568
    • Maslan, F.D.1    Littman, T.M.2
  • 46
    • 84890236763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ANR-1057B, New October 2000, Arlie A. Powell, Extension Horticulturist, Professor, and David G. Himelrick, Extension Horticulturist, Professor, both in Horticulture at Auburn University
    • ANR-1057B, New October 2000, Arlie A. Powell, Extension Horticulturist, Professor, and David G. Himelrick, Extension Horticulturist, Professor, both in Horticulture at Auburn University.
  • 47
    • 34548249944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical Thermodynamics: Fundamentals and Applications
    • Cambridge University Press, New York, NY
    • N. Laurendeau, Statistical Thermodynamics: Fundamentals and Applications, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Laurendeau, N.1
  • 49
    • 0003686234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications
    • 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • S. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Turns, S.1
  • 50
    • 0003482665 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Systems
    • 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J
    • J. Newman, Electrochemical Systems, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1991.
    • (1991)
    • Newman, J.1
  • 51
    • 0003561662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications
    • 2nd ed., Wiley, New York
    • A. J. Bard and L. R. Falkner, Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Bard, A.J.1    Falkner, L.R.2
  • 52
    • 0030084123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy
    • T. E. Springer, T. A. Zawodzinski, M. S.Wilson, and S. Gottesfeld, "Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 143, No. 2, pp. 587-599, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 587-599
    • Springer, T.E.1    Zawodzinski, T.A.2    Wilson, M.S.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 53
    • 26444433388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
    • P. M. Gomadam and J. W. Weidner, "Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Int. J. Energy Res., Vol. 29, pp. 1133-1151, 2005.
    • (2005) Int. J. Energy Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1133-1151
    • Gomadam, P.M.1    Weidner, J.W.2
  • 54
    • 0004294443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Oxford University Press, New York
    • R. S. Berry, S. A. Rice, and J. Ross, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Berry, R.S.1    Rice, S.A.2    Ross, J.3
  • 55
    • 2342598566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal Reforming
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • K. Eguchi, "Internal Reforming," In Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1057-1069.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1057-1069
    • Eguchi, K.1
  • 56
    • 33747615417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of Fuel Cells
    • Taylor and Francis Group, New York
    • X. Li, Principles of Fuel Cells, Taylor and Francis Group, New York, 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Li, X.1
  • 57
    • 0003702645 scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cells: Their Electrochemistry
    • McGraw-Hill, New York
    • J. O'M. Bokris and S. Srinivasan, Fuel Cells: Their Electrochemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1969.
    • (1969)
    • Bokris, J.O'M.1    Srinivasan, S.2
  • 61
    • 0035120062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model for PolymerElectrolyte Fuel Cell Operation on Reformate Feed-Effects of CO, H2 Dilution, and High Fuel Utilization
    • T. E. Springer,T. Rockward,T.A.Zawodzinski, and S.Gottesfeld, "Model for PolymerElectrolyte Fuel Cell Operation on Reformate Feed-Effects of CO, H2 Dilution, and High Fuel Utilization," J Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 148, No. 1, pp. A11-A23, 2001.
    • (2001) J Electrochem. Soc. , vol.148 , Issue.1
    • Springer, T.E.1    Rockward, T.2    Zawodzinski, T.A.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 62
    • 0004131001 scopus 로고
    • Electrode Kinetics for Chemists, Chemical Engineers and Materials Scientists
    • Wiley-VCH, New York, NY
    • E. Gileadi, Electrode Kinetics for Chemists, Chemical Engineers and Materials Scientists,Wiley-VCH, New York, NY, 1993.
    • (1993)
    • Gileadi, E.1
  • 63
    • 0034726258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applications of heterogeneous catalysis in the direct oxidation of hydrocarbons in a solid-oxide fuel cell
    • S. Park, R. J. Gorte and J. M. Vohs, "Applications of heterogeneous catalysis in the direct oxidation of hydrocarbons in a solid-oxide fuel cell," Appl. Catal., A, Vol. 200, p. 55, 2000.
    • (2000) Appl. Catal., A , vol.200 , pp. 55
    • Park, S.1    Gorte, R.J.2    Vohs, J.M.3
  • 64
    • 0031674885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass Transport Gas-Diffusion Electrodes: A Diagnostic Tool for Fuel-Cell Cathodes
    • M. L. Perry, J. Newman, and E. J. Cairns, "Mass Transport Gas-Diffusion Electrodes: A Diagnostic Tool for Fuel-Cell Cathodes", J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 145, p. 5, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.145 , Issue.5
    • Perry, M.L.1    Newman, J.2    Cairns, E.J.3
  • 65
    • 0032318019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of Proton Conductivity in the Active Layer of PEM Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Electrodes
    • C. Boyer, S. Gamburzev, O. Velev, S. Srinivasan, and A.J. Appleby, "Measurements of Proton Conductivity in the Active Layer of PEM Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Electrodes," Electrochim. Acta, Vol. 43, p. 3703, 1998.
    • (1998) Electrochim. Acta , vol.43 , pp. 3703
    • Boyer, C.1    Gamburzev, S.2    Velev, O.3    Srinivasan, S.4    Appleby, A.J.5
  • 66
    • 84890207065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Development and Operation of a 466 cm2 Direct Methonol Fuel Cell
    • M. S. Thesis, The Pennsylvansa State University, University Park, PA
    • J. Scott, The Development and Operation of a 466 cm2 Direct Methonol Fuel Cell, M. S. Thesis, The Pennsylvansa State University, University Park, PA, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Scott, J.1
  • 68
    • 0029360298 scopus 로고
    • Modelling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance Using An Empirical Equation
    • J. Kim, S-M. Lee., S. Srinivasan, and C. E. Chamberlin, "Modelling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance Using An Empirical Equation," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 142, No. 6, pp. 1895-1901, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , Issue.6 , pp. 1895-1901
    • Kim, J.1    Lee, S.-M.2    Srinivasan, S.3    Chamberlin, C.E.4
  • 69
    • 0345793226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a Ballard MK5-E Proton Exchange Membrane Stack
    • F. Laurencelle, R. Chahine, J. Hamelin, T. K. Bose, and A. Laperriere, "Characterization of a Ballard MK5-E Proton Exchange Membrane Stack," Fuel Cells, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 66-71, 2001.
    • (2001) Fuel Cells , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-71
    • Laurencelle, F.1    Chahine, R.2    Hamelin, J.3    Bose, T.K.4    Laperriere, A.5
  • 70
    • 0004176377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Systems Explained
    • 2nd ed., Wiley, New York
    • J. Larmine and A. Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Larmine, J.1    Dicks, A.2
  • 71
    • 33748962870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel
    • E. C. Kumbur, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel," J. Power Sources, Vol. 161, pp. 335-345, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 335-345
    • Kumbur, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 72
    • 0003934690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells
    • 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York
    • N. Q. Minh and T. Takahashi, Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Minh, N.Q.1    Takahashi, T.2
  • 74
    • 0242509221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cathode Materials for Reduced-Temperature SOFCs
    • J. M. Ralph, C. Rossignol, and R.Kumar, "Cathode Materials for Reduced-Temperature SOFCs," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 150, No. 11, pp. A1518-A1522, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150 , Issue.11
    • Ralph, J.M.1    Rossignol, C.2    Kumar, R.3
  • 75
    • 0034251018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at Intermediate Temperatures with Various Hydrocarbon-Air Mixtures
    • T. Hibino, A. Hashimoto, T. Inoue, J. Tokuno, S. Yoshida, and M. Sano, "Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at Intermediate Temperatures with Various Hydrocarbon-Air Mixtures," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 147, No. 8, pp. 2888-2892, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.147 , Issue.8 , pp. 2888-2892
    • Hibino, T.1    Hashimoto, A.2    Inoue, T.3    Tokuno, J.4    Yoshida, S.5    Sano, M.6
  • 76
    • 13844322200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • O. Yamamoto, "Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts," In Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1002-1014.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1002-1014
    • Yamamoto, O.1
  • 77
    • 0003944113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport Phenomena
    • 2nd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • R. B. Bird,W. E. Stewart, and E. N. Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena, 2nd ed.,Wiley, New York, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Bird, R.B.1    Stewart, W.E.2    Lightfoot, E.N.3
  • 78
    • 0037879278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemically-Modified Nafion R/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Blend Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
    • M.-K. Song, Y.-T. Kim, J. M. Fenton, H. R. Kunz, and H.-W. Rhee, "Chemically-Modified Nafion R/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Blend Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 117, pp. 14-21, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Power Sources , vol.117 , pp. 14-21
    • Song, M.-K.1    Kim, Y.-T.2    Fenton, J.M.3    Kunz, H.R.4    Rhee, H.-W.5
  • 79
  • 80
    • 0026913131 scopus 로고
    • Temperature Dependence of the Electrode Kinetics of Oxygen Production of the Platinum/Nation R Interface-A Microelectrode Investigation
    • A. Parthasarathy, S. Srinivasan, A. J. Appleby, and C. Martin, "Temperature Dependence of the Electrode Kinetics of Oxygen Production of the Platinum/Nation R Interface-A Microelectrode Investigation," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 139, pp. 2530-2537, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 2530-2537
    • Parthasarathy, A.1    Srinivasan, S.2    Appleby, A.J.3    Martin, C.4
  • 81
    • 0003482665 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Systems
    • 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
    • J. S. Newman, Electrochemical Systems, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.
    • (1991)
    • Newman, J.S.1
  • 82
    • 0038038662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid Mechanics
    • 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • F. M. White, Fluid Mechanics, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999.
    • (1999)
    • White, F.M.1
  • 85
    • 0038106380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes I. Physical Model
    • A. Z.Weber, and J. Newman, "Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes I. Physical Model," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 150, No. 7, pp. A1008-A1015, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150 , Issue.7
    • Weber, A.Z.1    Newman, J.2
  • 86
    • 0034513118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Characterization of Ethylene tetra flouroethylene-g-Polystyrenesulfonic acid solid polymer electrolytes
    • C. Chuy, V. I. Basura, E. Simon, S. Holdcroft, J. Horsfall, and K. V. Lovell, "Electrochemical Characterization of Ethylene tetra flouroethylene-g-Polystyrenesulfonic acid solid polymer electrolytes," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 147, pp. 4458-4453, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.147 , pp. 4458-4453
    • Chuy, C.1    Basura, V.I.2    Simon, E.3    Holdcroft, S.4    Horsfall, J.5    Lovell, K.V.6
  • 87
    • 33751296893 scopus 로고
    • Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficients in Perflourosulfonate Ionomeric Membranes
    • T. A. Zawodzinski, Jr., M. Neeman, L. O. Sillerud, and S. Gottesfeld, "Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficients in Perflourosulfonate Ionomeric Membranes," Vol. 95, pp. 6040-6044, 1991.
    • (1991) , vol.95 , pp. 6040-6044
    • Zawodzinski Jr., T.A.1    Neeman, M.2    Sillerud, L.O.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 88
    • 0035807656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic Conductivity of Nonaqueous Solvent-Swollen Ionomer Membranes Based on Flourosulfonate, Flourocarboxylate, and Sulfonate Fixed Ion Groups
    • M. Doyle, M. E. Lewittes, M. G. Roelofs, and S. A. Perusich, "Ionic Conductivity of Nonaqueous Solvent-Swollen Ionomer Membranes Based on Flourosulfonate, Flourocarboxylate, and Sulfonate Fixed Ion Groups," J. Phys. Chem. B.,, Vol. 105, pp. 9387-9394, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Phys. Chem. B. , vol.105 , pp. 9387-9394
    • Doyle, M.1    Lewittes, M.E.2    Roelofs, M.G.3    Perusich, S.A.4
  • 89
    • 0038167451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the Transversal Water Profile in Nafion Membranes in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • F. N. Buchi and G. G. Scherer, "Investigation of the Transversal Water Profile in Nafion Membranes in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 148, pp. A183-A188, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.148
    • Buchi, F.N.1    Scherer, G.G.2
  • 90
    • 1242264958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes
    • A. Z. Weber and J. Newman, "Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 151, p. A311-A325, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.151
    • Weber, A.Z.1    Newman, J.2
  • 91
    • 0028446085 scopus 로고
    • Water Uptake of Perfuorosulfonic Acid Membranes from Liquid Water and Water Vapor
    • J. T. Hinatsu, M. Mizuhata, and H. Tekenaka, "Water Uptake of Perfuorosulfonic Acid Membranes from Liquid Water and Water Vapor," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 141, p. 1493-1498, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.141 , pp. 1493-1498
    • Hinatsu, J.T.1    Mizuhata, M.2    Tekenaka, H.3
  • 93
    • 0003934690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells
    • Elsevier, New York
    • N. Minh and T. Takahashi, Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells, Elsevier, New York, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Minh, N.1    Takahashi, T.2
  • 94
    • 13844322200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts
    • W.Vielstich, A. Lamm, andH.A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • O. Yamamoto, "Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications,W.Vielstich, A. Lamm, andH.A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1002-1014.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , pp. 1002-1014
    • Yamamoto, O.1
  • 96
    • 33747615417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of Fuel Cells
    • Taylor and Francis, New York
    • X. Li, Principles of Fuel Cells, Taylor and Francis, New York, 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Li, X.1
  • 97
    • 0004176377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Systems Explained
    • 2nd ed., Wiley, New York
    • J. Larmine and A. Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Larmine, J.1    Dicks, A.2
  • 99
    • 0003752516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion-Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems
    • 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, New York
    • E. L. Cussler, Diffusion-Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, New York, p. 101, 1997.
    • (1997) , pp. 101
    • Cussler, E.L.1
  • 100
    • 0003665783 scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics
    • 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • M. J. Moran and H. N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Moran, M.J.1    Shapiro, H.N.2
  • 101
    • 84984085515 scopus 로고
    • Calculation of the Diffusion Coefficient of Dilute Gases and of the Self-Diffusion Coefficient of Dense Gases
    • J. C. Slattery and R. B. Bird, "Calculation of the Diffusion Coefficient of Dilute Gases and of the Self-Diffusion Coefficient of Dense Gases," AIChE J.,, Vol. 4, pp. 137-142, 1958.
    • (1958) AIChE J. , vol.4 , pp. 137-142
    • Slattery, J.C.1    Bird, R.B.2
  • 102
    • 0003944113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport Phenomena
    • 2nd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • R. B. Bird,W. E. Stewart, and E. N. Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena, 2nd ed.,Wiley, New York, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Bird, R.B.1    Stewart, W.E.2    Lightfoot, E.N.3
  • 104
    • 0033705242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Porosity and Direction of Flow on Tortuosity in Unconsolidated Porous Media
    • H. S. Salem, and G. V. Chilingarian, "Influence of Porosity and Direction of Flow on Tortuosity in Unconsolidated Porous Media," Energy Sources,, Vol. 22, pp. 207-213, 2000.
    • (2000) Energy Sources , vol.22 , pp. 207-213
    • Salem, H.S.1    Chilingarian, G.V.2
  • 105
    • 0038003031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Molecular Diffusion in the Theory of Gas Flow Through Crimped-Capillary Leaks
    • H. T. Bach, B. A. Meyer, and D. G. Tuggle, "Role of Molecular Diffusion in the Theory of Gas Flow Through Crimped-Capillary Leaks," J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films,, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 806-813, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 806-813
    • Bach, H.T.1    Meyer, B.A.2    Tuggle, D.G.3
  • 106
    • 0026913131 scopus 로고
    • Temperature Dependence of the Electrode Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction at the Platinum/Nafion R Interface aMicroelectrode Investigation
    • S. Srinivasan, A. Parthasarathy, A. J. Appleby, and C. R. Martin, "Temperature Dependence of the Electrode Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction at the Platinum/Nafion R Interface aMicroelectrode Investigation,"J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 139, pp. 2530-2537, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 2530-2537
    • Srinivasan, S.1    Parthasarathy, A.2    Appleby, A.J.3    Martin, C.R.4
  • 108
    • 0026914911 scopus 로고
    • A Mathematical Model of the Solid Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel
    • D. Bernardi and M. W. Verbrugge, "A Mathematical Model of the Solid Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 139, pp. 2477-2491, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 2477-2491
    • Bernardi, D.1    Verbrugge, M.W.2
  • 109
    • 0003511899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamics, an Engineering Approach
    • 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Y. A. Cengel and M. A. Boles, Thermodynamics, an Engineering Approach, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Cengel, Y.A.1    Boles, M.A.2
  • 110
    • 0026204251 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical Model of a Gas Diffusion Electrode Bonded to a Polymer Electrolyte
    • D. M. Bernardi andM.W.Verbrugge, "Mathematical Model of a Gas Diffusion Electrode Bonded to a Polymer Electrolyte," AICHE J.,, Vol. 37, pp. 1151-1163, 1991.
    • (1991) AICHE J. , vol.37 , pp. 1151-1163
    • Bernardi, D.M.1    Verbrugge, M.W.2
  • 111
    • 0000301867 scopus 로고
    • Turbulent Flow in Pipes, with Particular Reference to the Transition Between the Smooth and Rough Pipe Laws
    • C. F. Colebrook, "Turbulent Flow in Pipes, with Particular Reference to the Transition Between the Smooth and Rough Pipe Laws," J. Inst. Civ. Eng. Lond., Vol. 11, pp. 133-156, 1938/1939.
    • (1938) J. Inst. Civ. Eng. Lond. , vol.11 , pp. 133-156
    • Colebrook, C.F.1
  • 112
    • 2342619048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ;Serpentine Flow Field Design
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • D. P. Wilkenson and O. Venderleeden, "Serpentine Flow Field Design," in Handbook of Fuel Cells, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 315-324
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells , vol.3 , pp. 315-324
    • Wilkenson, D.P.1    Venderleeden, O.2
  • 113
    • 27744537402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions
    • Q. Dong, M. M. Mench, S. Cleghorn, and U. Beuscher, "Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 152, pp. A2114-A2122, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152
    • Dong, Q.1    Mench, M.M.2    Cleghorn, S.3    Beuscher, U.4
  • 114
    • 0003704467 scopus 로고
    • The Flow of Complex Mixtures in Pipes
    • Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
    • G. W. Govier and K. Aziz, The Flow of Complex Mixtures in Pipes, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1972.
    • (1972)
    • Govier, G.W.1    Aziz, K.2
  • 115
    • 33748962870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel
    • E. C. Kumbur, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel," J. Power Sources, Vol. 161, p. 333, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 333
    • Kumbur, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 116
    • 33846997502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DiffusionMedia and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and Flow Channels
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, T. Zawodzinski, Eds.
    • A. Turhan, J. J. Kowal, K. Heller, J. Brenizer, and M. M. Mench, "DiffusionMedia and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and Flow Channels," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, T. Zawodzinski, Eds., pp. 435-444, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 435-444
    • Turhan, A.1    Kowal, J.J.2    Heller, K.3    Brenizer, J.4    Mench, M.M.5
  • 117
    • 0004080620 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of Immiscible Fluids in Porous Media
    • 1st ed., Water Resource Publications, Highlands Ranch, CO
    • T. A. Corey, Mechanics of Immiscible Fluids in Porous Media, 1st ed., Water Resource Publications, Highlands Ranch, CO, 1994.
    • (1994)
    • Corey, T.A.1
  • 119
    • 0141792403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EffectiveDiffusivity andWater-SaturationDistribution in Single-and Two-Layer PEMFC Diffusion Medium
    • J. H.NamandM.Kaviany, "EffectiveDiffusivity andWater-SaturationDistribution in Single-and Two-Layer PEMFC Diffusion Medium," Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer., Vol. 46, pp. 4595-4611, 2003.
    • (2003) Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer. , vol.46 , pp. 4595-4611
    • Namand, J.H.1    Kaviany, M.2
  • 120
    • 85051753754 scopus 로고
    • Relative Permeability of Petroleum Reservoirs
    • 1st ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • M. Honarpour, L. Koederitz, and A. H. Harvey, Relative Permeability of Petroleum Reservoirs, 1st ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986.
    • (1986)
    • Honarpour, M.1    Koederitz, L.2    Harvey, A.H.3
  • 121
    • 0003410201 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media
    • American Elsevier, New York
    • J. Bear, Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media, American Elsevier, New York, 1972.
    • (1972)
    • Bear, J.1
  • 122
    • 84890164651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the Effectiveness of the Leverett Approach to Describe Water Transport in Fuel Cell on the Diffusion Media
    • E. C. Kumbur, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "On the Effectiveness of the Leverett Approach to Describe Water Transport in Fuel Cell on the Diffusion Media" J. Power Sources, Vol. 172, pp. 816-830, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Power Sources , vol.172 , pp. 816-830
    • Kumbur, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 123
    • 25644457476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Bilayer Cathode Gas DiffusionMedia
    • U. Pasaogullari, C. Y.Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Bilayer Cathode Gas DiffusionMedia," J. Electrochem. Soc.,Vol. 152, pp. 1574-1582, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152 , pp. 1574-1582
    • Pasaogullari, U.1    Wang, C.Y.2    Chen, K.S.3
  • 124
    • 33344478918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex situ Visualization Liquid Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layers
    • S. Litster, D. Sinton, and N. Djilali, "Ex situ Visualization Liquid Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Layers," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 154, pp. 95-105, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.154 , pp. 95-105
    • Litster, S.1    Sinton, D.2    Djilali, N.3
  • 125
    • 0022010689 scopus 로고
    • Heat Transfer in Porous Media Considering Phase Change and Capillarity-the Heat Pipe Effect
    • K. S. Udell, "Heat Transfer in Porous Media Considering Phase Change and Capillarity-the Heat Pipe Effect," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer,, Vol. 28, pp. 485-495, 1985.
    • (1985) Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol.28 , pp. 485-495
    • Udell, K.S.1
  • 127
    • 35548959127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media: Part 3, Temperature Effect and Unified Approach
    • E. C. Kumbar, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media: Part 3, Temperature Effect and Unified Approach," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 154, pp. B1315-B1324, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.154
    • Kumbar, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 128
    • 35548967516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media: Part 1, Hydrophobicity Effect
    • E. C. Kumbar, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media: Part 1, Hydrophobicity Effect," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 154, pp. B1295-B1304, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.154
    • Kumbar, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 129
    • 33751119559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct Measurement of Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity and Contact Resistance in Fuel Cell Materials
    • M. Khandelwal, and M. M. Mench, "Direct Measurement of Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity and Contact Resistance in Fuel Cell Materials," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 161, pp. 1106-1115, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 1106-1115
    • Khandelwal, M.1    Mench, M.M.2
  • 130
    • 0003804374 scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
    • 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • F. P. Incropera and D. P. DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York, 1990.
    • (1990)
    • Incropera, F.P.1    DeWitt, D.P.2
  • 131
    • 0003720363 scopus 로고
    • Convection Heat and Mass Transfer
    • McGraw-Hill, New York
    • W. M. Kays and M. E. Crawford, Convection Heat and Mass Transfer,McGraw-Hill, New York, 1980.
    • (1980)
    • Kays, W.M.1    Crawford, M.E.2
  • 132
    • 84903876356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiative Heat Transfer
    • 2nd ed., Academic, New York
    • M. F. Modest, Radiative Heat Transfer, 2nd ed., Academic, New York, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Modest, M.F.1
  • 133
    • 33645422562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan
    • U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, February
    • "Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program Multi-Year Research, Development and Demonstration Plan," U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, February 2005.
    • (2005)
  • 134
    • 0742284577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pt Alloys as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lammand H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • D. Thompsett, "Pt Alloys as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3,W. Vielstich, A. Lammand H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 467-480.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 467-480
    • Thompsett, D.1
  • 135
    • 1842474348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PEM Fuel Cell Electrodes
    • S. Litster and G. McLean, "PEM Fuel Cell Electrodes," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 130, pp. 61-76, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Power Sources , vol.130 , pp. 61-76
    • Litster, S.1    McLean, G.2
  • 137
    • 33751119559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct Measurement of Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity and Contact Resistance in Fuel Cell Materials
    • M. Khandelwal andM.M.Mench, "Direct Measurement of Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity and Contact Resistance in Fuel Cell Materials," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 161, pp. 1106-1115, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 1106-1115
    • Khandelwal, M.1    Mench, M.M.2
  • 138
    • 0030392580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-Humidifying Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells
    • M. Watanabe, H. Uchida, Y. Seki, M. Emori and P. Stonehart, "Self-Humidifying Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 143, pp. 3847-3852, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.143 , pp. 3847-3852
    • Watanabe, M.1    Uchida, H.2    Seki, Y.3    Emori, M.4    Stonehart, P.5
  • 143
    • 27744537402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions
    • Q. Dong, M. M. Mench, S. Cleghorn and U. Beuscher, "Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 152, pp. A2114-A2122, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152
    • Dong, Q.1    Mench, M.M.2    Cleghorn, S.3    Beuscher, U.4
  • 144
    • 0343397162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-Diffusion ofWater, Ethanol and Decafluropentane in Perfluorosulfonate Ionomer by Pulse Field Gradient NMR
    • X. Gong, A. Bandis, A. Tao, G. Meresi, Y. Wang, P. T. Inglefield, A. A. Jones and W.-Y. Wen, "Self-Diffusion ofWater, Ethanol and Decafluropentane in Perfluorosulfonate Ionomer by Pulse Field Gradient NMR," Polymer,, Vol. 42, No. 15, pp. 6485-6492, 2001.
    • (2001) Polymer , vol.42 , Issue.15 , pp. 6485-6492
    • Gong, X.1    Bandis, A.2    Tao, A.3    Meresi, G.4    Wang, Y.5    Inglefield, P.T.6    Jones, A.A.7    Wen, W.-Y.8
  • 146
    • 33751296893 scopus 로고
    • Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Perfluorosulfonate Ionomeric Membranes
    • T. A. Zawodzinski, M. Neeman, L. O. Sillerud and S. Gottesfeld. "Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Perfluorosulfonate Ionomeric Membranes," J. Phys. Chem.,, Vol. 95, pp. 6040-6044, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.95 , pp. 6040-6044
    • Zawodzinski, T.A.1    Neeman, M.2    Sillerud, L.O.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 147
    • 3142752057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-Phase Transport and the Role of Microporous Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • U. Pasaogullari and C. Y. Wang, "Two-Phase Transport and the Role of Microporous Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Electrochim Acta,, Vol. 49, pp. 4359-4369, 2004.
    • (2004) Electrochim Acta , vol.49 , pp. 4359-4369
    • Pasaogullari, U.1    Wang, C.Y.2
  • 148
    • 0035123191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electro-Osmotic Drag of Water in Poly(perfluorosulfonic acid) Membranes
    • X. Ren and S. Gottesfeld, "Electro-Osmotic Drag of Water in Poly(perfluorosulfonic acid) Membranes," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 148, No. 1, pp. A87-A93, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.148 , Issue.1
    • Ren, X.1    Gottesfeld, S.2
  • 149
    • 0029243891 scopus 로고
    • The Water Content Dependance of Electro-osmotic Drag in Proton-conducting Polymer Electrolytes
    • T. A. Zawodzinski, J. Davey, J. Valerio and S. Gottesfeld. "The Water Content Dependance of Electro-osmotic Drag in Proton-conducting Polymer Electrolytes," Electrochimica Acta,, Vol. 40, pp. 297-302, 1995.
    • (1995) Electrochimica Acta , vol.40 , pp. 297-302
    • Zawodzinski, T.A.1    Davey, J.2    Valerio, J.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 150
    • 0026862618 scopus 로고
    • Experimental Determination of the Transport Number of Water in Nafion 117 Membrane
    • T. F. Fuller and J. Newman. "Experimental Determination of the Transport Number of Water in Nafion 117 Membrane," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 139, pp. 1332-1337, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 1332-1337
    • Fuller, T.F.1    Newman, J.2
  • 151
    • 0033361909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electroosmotic Drag in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: an Electrophoretic NMR Study
    • M. Ise, K. D. Kreuer and J. Maier. "Electroosmotic Drag in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: an Electrophoretic NMR Study," Solid State Ionics,, Vol. 125, pp. 213-223, 1999.
    • (1999) Solid State Ionics , vol.125 , pp. 213-223
    • Ise, M.1    Kreuer, K.D.2    Maier, J.3
  • 152
    • 33846953502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical Damage During Freeze/Thaw of PEFCs
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M.Mathias,M.Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds
    • S. He and M. M. Mench, "Physical Damage During Freeze/Thaw of PEFCs," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M.Mathias,M.Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds., pp. 897-907, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 897-907
    • He, S.1    Mench, M.M.2
  • 153
    • 33750106541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-Dimensional Transient Model for Frost Heave in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • S. He and M. M. Mench, "One-Dimensional Transient Model for Frost Heave in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A1724-A1731, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • He, S.1    Mench, M.M.2
  • 154
    • 33846969112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stack Models and Designs for Improving Fuel Cell Startup From Freezing Temperatures
    • Proton ExchangeMembrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds.
    • R. Bradean, H. Haas, K. Eggen, C. Richards and T. Vrba, "Stack Models and Designs for Improving Fuel Cell Startup From Freezing Temperatures," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton ExchangeMembrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds., pp. 1159-1168, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 1159-1168
    • Bradean, R.1    Haas, H.2    Eggen, K.3    Richards, C.4    Vrba, T.5
  • 155
    • 33746507286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature-Driven Water Transport through Membrane Electrode Assembly of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
    • R. Zaffou, J. S. Yi, H. R. Kunz and J. M. Fenton, "Temperature-Driven Water Transport through Membrane Electrode Assembly of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.,, Vol. 9, No. 9, pp. A418-A422, 2006.
    • (2006) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.9 , Issue.9
    • Zaffou, R.1    Yi, J.S.2    Kunz, H.R.3    Fenton, J.M.4
  • 156
    • 84890228303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Measurement and Determination of Transport Parameters in PEFCs
    • Ph.D. Thesis The Pennsylvania State University
    • Q. Dong, Ph.D. Thesis, "Distributed Measurement and Determination of Transport Parameters in PEFCs," The Pennsylvania State University, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Dong, Q.1
  • 157
    • 0035479984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water Transport in the Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell: Measurements of the Effective Drag Coefficient
    • G. J. M. Janssen and M. L. J. Overvelde, "Water Transport in the Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell: Measurements of the Effective Drag Coefficient," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 101, pp. 117-125, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Power Sources , vol.101 , pp. 117-125
    • Janssen, G.J.M.1    Overvelde, M.L.J.2
  • 158
    • 33748417005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Water Storage, Distribution, and Removal from Diffusion Media in PEFCs
    • J. J. Kowal, A. Turhan, K. Heller, J. S. Brenizer and M. M. Mench, "Liquid Water Storage, Distribution, and Removal from Diffusion Media in PEFCs," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A1971-A1978, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Kowal, J.J.1    Turhan, A.2    Heller, K.3    Brenizer, J.S.4    Mench, M.M.5
  • 159
    • 16344363819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ Diagnostic of Two-Phase Flow Phenomena in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells by Neutron Imaging: Part A. Experimental, Data Treatment, and Quantification
    • D. Kramer, J. Zhang, R. Shimoi, E. Lehmann, A. Wokaun, K. Shinohara and G. Scherer, "In situ Diagnostic of Two-Phase Flow Phenomena in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells by Neutron Imaging: Part A. Experimental, Data Treatment, and Quantification," Electrochim. Acta,, Vol. 50, pp. 2603-2614, 2005.
    • (2005) Electrochim. Acta , vol.50 , pp. 2603-2614
    • Kramer, D.1    Zhang, J.2    Shimoi, R.3    Lehmann, E.4    Wokaun, A.5    Shinohara, K.6    Scherer, G.7
  • 160
    • 1842767269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ Neutron Imaging Technique for Evaluation ofWater Management Systems in Operating PEM Fuel Cells
    • R. Satija, D. L. Jacobson, M. Arif and S. A. Werner, "In situ Neutron Imaging Technique for Evaluation ofWater Management Systems in Operating PEM Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 129, pp. 238-245, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Power Sources , vol.129 , pp. 238-245
    • Satija, R.1    Jacobson, D.L.2    Arif, M.3    Werner, S.A.4
  • 161
    • 33846997502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DiffusionMedia and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and Flow Channels
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds.
    • A. Turhan, J. J. Kowal, K. Heller, J. Brenizer andM.M.Mench, "DiffusionMedia and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and Flow Channels," ECS Transactions, Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds., pp. 435-444, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Transactions , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 435-444
    • Turhan, A.1    Kowal, J.J.2    Heller, K.3    Brenizer, J.4    Mench, M.M.5
  • 162
    • 35548967516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media, Part I: Hydrophobicity Effect
    • E. C. Kumbur, K. V. Sharp and M. M. Mench, "A Validated Leverett Approach to Multiphase Flow in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Diffusion Media, Part I: Hydrophobicity Effect," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 154, pp. B1295-B1304, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.154
    • Kumbur, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 163
    • 18344368460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects ofMicroporous Layers in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • A. Z.Weber and J. Newman, "Effects ofMicroporous Layers in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 152, No. 4, pp. A677-A688, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152 , Issue.4
    • Weber, A.Z.1    Newman, J.2
  • 164
    • 25644457476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Bilayer Cathode Gas Diffusion Media
    • U. Pasaogullari, C.-Y. Wang and K. S. Chen, "Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Bilayer Cathode Gas Diffusion Media," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 152, No. 8, pp. A1574-A1582, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152 , Issue.8
    • Pasaogullari, U.1    Wang, C.-Y.2    Chen, K.S.3
  • 165
    • 33846986271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the Role of a Microporous Layer on the Water Transport and Performance of a PEMFC
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M.Mathias,M.Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds.
    • J. G. Pharoah, B. Peppley, H. Atiyeh, E. Halliop and K. Karan, "Investigating the Role of a Microporous Layer on the Water Transport and Performance of a PEMFC," ECS Transactions, Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi,M.Mathias,M.Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds., 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Transactions , vol.3 , Issue.1
    • Pharoah, J.G.1    Peppley, B.2    Atiyeh, H.3    Halliop, E.4    Karan, K.5
  • 166
    • 33846997502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion Media and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and FlowChannels
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, Eds. T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyer, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds
    • A. Turhan, J. J. Kowal, A. K. Heller, J. Brenizer and M. M. Mench, "Diffusion Media and Interfacial Effects on Fluid Storage and Transport in Fuel Cell Porous Media and FlowChannels," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, Eds. T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyer, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds. pp. 435-444, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 435-444
    • Turhan, A.1    Kowal, J.J.2    Heller, A.K.3    Brenizer, J.4    Mench, M.M.5
  • 167
    • 5544318379 scopus 로고
    • Water Management System for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Power Plants
    • U.S. Patent 5,503,944, June 30
    • A. P. Meyer, G. W. Margiott and R. Paul, "Water Management System for Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Power Plants," U.S. Patent 5,503,944, June 30, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Meyer, A.P.1    Margiott, G.W.2    Paul, R.3
  • 168
    • 84890240628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement and Characterization of In-Plane Unintentional Flow Bypass in PEFC Diffusion Media
    • M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
    • M. Early, "Measurement and Characterization of In-Plane Unintentional Flow Bypass in PEFC Diffusion Media," M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Early, M.1
  • 171
    • 84890154444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AModel ofDiffusion and Convection of Gases from a Serpentine Flow Field to the Cathode of a PEM Fuel Cell
    • D. R. Baker and R. M. Darling, "AModel ofDiffusion and Convection of Gases from a Serpentine Flow Field to the Cathode of a PEM Fuel Cell," Int. J. Transport Phenomena,, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 231-238, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Transport Phenomena , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-238
    • Baker, D.R.1    Darling, R.M.2
  • 172
    • 0038038662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid Mechanics
    • 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York
    • F. M. White, Fluid Mechanics, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999.
    • (1999)
    • White, F.M.1
  • 173
    • 0003410201 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media
    • American Elsevier, New York
    • J. Bear, Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media, American Elsevier, New York, 1972.
    • (1972)
    • Bear, J.1
  • 174
    • 0842287293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Introduction to Fuel Cells and Related Transport Phenomena
    • M. M. Mench, C. Y. Wang and S. Thynell, "An Introduction to Fuel Cells and Related Transport Phenomena," Int. J. Transport Phenomena,, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 151-176, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Transport Phenomena , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 151-176
    • Mench, M.M.1    Wang, C.Y.2    Thynell, S.3
  • 175
    • 84890196268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell for Portable Applications
    • M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
    • H. Chance, "Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cell for Portable Applications," M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Chance, H.1
  • 176
    • 0037255139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An In Situ Method for Determination of Current Distribution in PEM Fuel Cells Applied to a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
    • M. M. Mench and C. Y. Wang, "An In Situ Method for Determination of Current Distribution in PEM Fuel Cells Applied to a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A79-A85, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150
    • Mench, M.M.1    Wang, C.Y.2
  • 177
    • 0003507681 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of Transport Property Data: Viscosity, Thermal Conductivity, and Diffusion Coefficients of Liquids and Gases
    • Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX
    • C. L. Yaws, Handbook of Transport Property Data: Viscosity, Thermal Conductivity, and Diffusion Coefficients of Liquids and Gases, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Yaws, C.L.1
  • 178
    • 0003035877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Degree and Effect of Methanol Crossover in the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
    • J. Cruickshank and K. Scott, "The Degree and Effect of Methanol Crossover in the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 70, pp. 40-47, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Power Sources , vol.70 , pp. 40-47
    • Cruickshank, J.1    Scott, K.2
  • 179
    • 0034140802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methanol Transport Through Nafion Membranes Electro-osmotic Drag Effects on Potential Step Measurement
    • X. Ren, T. E. Springer, T. A. Zawodzinski and S. Gottesfeld, "Methanol Transport Through Nafion Membranes Electro-osmotic Drag Effects on Potential Step Measurement," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 147, pp. 466-474, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.147 , pp. 466-474
    • Ren, X.1    Springer, T.E.2    Zawodzinski, T.A.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 180
    • 33646881355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Concentrated Solutions
    • Y. Pan, "Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Concentrated Solutions," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.,, Vol. 9, No. 7, pp. A349-A351, 2006.
    • (2006) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.9 , Issue.7
    • Pan, Y.1
  • 181
    • 0002860723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cells-Fundamentals and Applications
    • L. Carrette, K. A. Friedric and U. Stimming, "Fuel Cells-Fundamentals and Applications," Fuel Cells,, Vol. 1, pp. 5-39, 2001.
    • (2001) Fuel Cells , vol.1 , pp. 5-39
    • Carrette, L.1    Friedric, K.A.2    Stimming, U.3
  • 182
  • 183
    • 0037397038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
    • Z. H. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A508-A519, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150
    • Wang, Z.H.1    Wang, C.Y.2
  • 184
    • 0345722842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental Study of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
    • in Proceedings of the 199th Electrochemical Society Meeting, Symposium on Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Washington, DC
    • M. M. Mench, S. Boslet, S. Thynell, J. Scott and C. Y. Wang, "Experimental Study of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," in Proceedings of the 199th Electrochemical Society Meeting, Symposium on Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Washington, DC, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Mench, M.M.1    Boslet, S.2    Thynell, S.3    Scott, J.4    Wang, C.Y.5
  • 185
    • 84890244968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Exposure to Methanol Information Sheet
    • Methanex Corporation
    • Methanex Corporation, "Human Exposure to Methanol Information Sheet," http://www. methanex.com/products/documents/humanexposure.pdf.
  • 186
    • 0012348639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid onHighlyDispersed Platinum and Perchlorate Doped Polypyrrole Electrodes
    • I. Becerik, and F. Kadirgan, "Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid onHighlyDispersed Platinum and Perchlorate Doped Polypyrrole Electrodes," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 148, No. 5, pp. D49-D54, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.148 , Issue.5
    • Becerik, I.1    Kadirgan, F.2
  • 188
    • 0030192960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formic Acid Oxidation in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell: A Real-Time Mass-Spectrometry Study
    • M. Weber, J.-T. Wang, S. Wasmus and R. F. Savinell, "Formic Acid Oxidation in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell: A Real-Time Mass-Spectrometry Study," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 143, No. 7, pp. L158-L160, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.143 , Issue.7
    • Weber, M.1    Wang, J.-T.2    Wasmus, S.3    Savinell, R.F.4
  • 189
    • 33745507166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Improved Miniature Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell Based on Nanoporous Silicon for Portable Power Generation
    • K. Chu, M. A. Shannon and R. I. Masel, "An Improved Miniature Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell Based on Nanoporous Silicon for Portable Power Generation," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A1562-A1567, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Chu, K.1    Shannon, M.A.2    Masel, R.I.3
  • 190
    • 0141831639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a Dimethyl Ether (DME)-Fueled Shuttle Bus
    • Paper 2003-01-0756, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA
    • J. Eirich, E. M. Chapman, H. Glunt, D. Klinikowski, A. L. Boehman, J. G. Hansel and E. C. Heydorn, "Development of a Dimethyl Ether (DME)-Fueled Shuttle Bus," Paper 2003-01-0756, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Eirich, J.1    Chapman, E.M.2    Glunt, H.3    Klinikowski, D.4    Boehman, A.L.5    Hansel, J.G.6    Heydorn, E.C.7
  • 191
    • 84877556246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl Ether as a Transportation Fuel: A-State-of-the-Art Survey
    • U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC
    • J. E. Sinor Consultants, Dimethyl Ether as a Transportation Fuel: A-State-of-the-Art Survey, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 1997.
    • (1997)
    • Sinor, J.E.1
  • 192
    • 0842290044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct Dimethyl Ether Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells for Portable Applications
    • M. M. Mench, H. M. Chance and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Dimethyl Ether Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells for Portable Applications," J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 151, pp. A144-A150, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.151
    • Mench, M.M.1    Chance, H.M.2    Wang, C.Y.3
  • 193
    • 84890146178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimethyl EtherMaterial Safety Data Sheet
    • Form No. P-4589-B, Praxair, Danbury,CT, October
    • "Dimethyl EtherMaterial Safety Data Sheet," Form No. P-4589-B, Praxair, Danbury,CT, October 1997.
    • (1997)
  • 196
    • 0036749295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Utilizing Dimethyl Ether Fuel
    • E. P. Murray, S. J. Harris and H. Jen, "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Utilizing Dimethyl Ether Fuel," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 149, No. 9, pp. A1127-A1131, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.149 , Issue.9
    • Murray, E.P.1    Harris, S.J.2    Jen, H.3
  • 197
    • 84890154418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abstract Volume of the 2000 Fuel Cell Seminar
    • Washington, DC
    • S. Freni, M. Minutoli, N. Mondello and S. Cavallaro, Abstract Volume of the 2000 Fuel Cell Seminar, Washington, DC, 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Freni, S.1    Minutoli, M.2    Mondello, N.3    Cavallaro, S.4
  • 199
    • 0029546381 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Ethanol, 1-Propanol, and 2-Propanol in a Direct Oxidation Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cell: A Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Study
    • J. Wang, S. Wasmus and R. F. Savinell, "Evaluation of Ethanol, 1-Propanol, and 2-Propanol in a Direct Oxidation Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cell: A Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Study," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 142, No. 12, pp. 4218-4244, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , Issue.12 , pp. 4218-4244
    • Wang, J.1    Wasmus, S.2    Savinell, R.F.3
  • 200
    • 0032142301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Oxidation in a Liquid-Feed Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell at High Temperature
    • A. S. Arico, P. Cretí, P. L. Antonucci and V. Antonucci, "Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Oxidation in a Liquid-Feed Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell at High Temperature," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.,, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 66-68, 1998.
    • (1998) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 66-68
    • Arico, A.S.1    Cretí, P.2    Antonucci, P.L.3    Antonucci, V.4
  • 205
    • 84863781991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Temperature Fuel Cells
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J. Divisek, "Low Temperature Fuel Cells," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 99-114.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 99-114
    • Divisek, J.1
  • 206
    • 33847004317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective Testing Matrix for Studying Membrane Durability in PEM Fuel Cells: Part 2. Mechanical Durability and Combined Mechanical and Chemical Durability
    • M. Crum andW. Liu, "Effective Testing Matrix for Studying Membrane Durability in PEM Fuel Cells: Part 2. Mechanical Durability and Combined Mechanical and Chemical Durability," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 541, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 541
    • Crum, M.1    Liu, W.2
  • 207
    • 0242509219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic Model of Platinum Dissolution in PEMFCs
    • R. M. Darling and J. P. Meyers, "Kinetic Model of Platinum Dissolution in PEMFCs," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 150, No. 11, pp. A1523-A1527, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.150 , Issue.11
    • Darling, R.M.1    Meyers, J.P.2
  • 208
    • 23844526288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Ionic Contaminants
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • T. Okada, "Effect of Ionic Contaminants," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 627-646.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 627-646
    • Okada, T.1
  • 210
    • 2342565501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steam Reforming, ATR, Partial Oxidation: Catalysts and Reaction Engineering
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J. R. Rostrup-Nielsen and K. A-Petersen, "Steam Reforming, ATR, Partial Oxidation: Catalysts and Reaction Engineering," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 159-176.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 159-176
    • Rostrup-Nielsen, J.R.1    Apetersen, K.2
  • 211
    • 0035120062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operation on Reformate Feed-Effects of CO, H2 Dilution, and High Fuel Utilization
    • T. E. Springer, T. Rockward, T.A. Zawodzinski and S. Gottesfeld, "Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operation on Reformate Feed-Effects of CO, H2 Dilution, and High Fuel Utilization," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 148, No. 1, pp. A11-A23, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.148 , Issue.1
    • Springer, T.E.1    Rockward, T.2    Zawodzinski, T.A.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 212
    • 2742537407 scopus 로고
    • Preventing CO Poisoning in Fuel Cells
    • US Patent 4,910,099, March 20
    • S. Gottesfeld, "Preventing CO Poisoning in Fuel Cells," US Patent 4,910,099, March 20, 1990.
    • (1990)
    • Gottesfeld, S.1
  • 214
    • 0002314517 scopus 로고
    • Über die elektrolytische Leitung fester Körper bei sehr hohen Temperaturen
    • W. Nernst, "Über die elektrolytische Leitung fester Körper bei sehr hohen Temperaturen," Z. Elektrochem., No. 6. pp. 41-43, 1899.
    • (1899) Z. Elektrochem. , Issue.6 , pp. 41-43
    • Nernst, W.1
  • 216
    • 84890154331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Press Release, No. 1128, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Tokyo, Japan, July 4, 2006
    • Press Release, No. 1128, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Tokyo, Japan, July 4, 2006.
  • 217
    • 84890165774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fact Sheet: Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell System for Stationary Power Generation
    • Rolls-Royce, Fuel Cell Systems Limited, Leicestershire, England October
    • "Fact Sheet: Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell System for Stationary Power Generation", Rolls-Royce, Fuel Cell Systems Limited, Leicestershire, England October, 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 218
    • 84890220062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NetGen Product Brochure No. 0905, Ceramic Fuel Cells
    • NetGen Product Brochure No. 0905, Ceramic Fuel Cells.
  • 219
    • 84890171216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced Technology Program Project Brief 00-00-5290, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, Md, 2004
    • Advanced Technology Program Project Brief 00-00-5290, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, Md, 2004.
  • 220
    • 84890200674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SECA Product Brochure, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, August 2006
    • SECA Product Brochure, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, August 2006.
  • 221
    • 0003934690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells
    • Elsevier, New York
    • N. Minh and T. Takahashi, Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells, Elsevier, New York, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Minh, N.1    Takahashi, T.2
  • 223
    • 13844322200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • O. Yamamoto, "Low Temperature Electrolytes and Catalysts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1002-1014.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1002-1014
    • Yamamoto, O.1
  • 224
    • 13844312921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel Electrolytes Operating at 400-600°C
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • T. Ishihara, "Novel Electrolytes Operating at 400-600°C," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1109-1122.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1109-1122
    • Ishihara, T.1
  • 226
    • 7444241324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEA/Cell Preparation Methods: Japan/Asia
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • M. Suzuki, "MEA/Cell Preparation Methods: Japan/Asia," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1032-1036.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1032-1036
    • Suzuki, M.1
  • 227
    • 13844311321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current Electrolytes and Catalysts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • T. Kawada and J. Mizusaki, "Current Electrolytes and Catalysts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 987-1001.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 987-1001
    • Kawada, T.1    Mizusaki, J.2
  • 228
    • 84890164542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC): Science and Technology
    • Presented at the NETL 2001 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Training Course, July 10-11, Morgantown, West Virginia
    • A. V. Vikrant, "Introduction to Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC): Science and Technology," Presented at the NETL 2001 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Training Course, July 10-11, 2001. Morgantown, West Virginia.
    • (2001)
    • Vikrant, A.V.1
  • 229
    • 0034323273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology
    • No. 1
    • S. C. Singhal, "Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology," Solid State Ionics, Vol. 135, Issues 1-4, No. 1 pp. 305-313, 2000.
    • (2000) Solid State Ionics , vol.135 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 305-313
    • Singhal, S.C.1
  • 230
    • 0034674471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Tigers in the Fuel Cell Tank
    • R. F. Service, "New Tigers in the Fuel Cell Tank," Science,, Vol. 288, pp. 1955-1957, 2000.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1955-1957
    • Service, R.F.1
  • 231
    • 17544386518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Stationary, Mobile, and Military Applications
    • S. C. Singhal, "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Stationary, Mobile, and Military Applications," Solid State Ionics, Vol. 152/153, pp. 405-410, 2002.
    • (2002) Solid State Ionics , vol.152-153 , pp. 405-410
    • Singhal, S.C.1
  • 232
    • 2342598566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal Reforming
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • K. Eguchi, "Internal Reforming," In Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1057-1069.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1057-1069
    • Eguchi, K.1
  • 233
    • 84890187310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology Overview
    • Paper presented at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, November
    • P. Zafred, "Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology Overview," Paper presented at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, November 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Zafred, P.1
  • 234
    • 49149095496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NewMicrotube Concepts
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • K. Kendall, "NewMicrotube Concepts," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1089-1097.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 1089-1097
    • Kendall, K.1
  • 235
    • 0031168305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin-Film Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with High Performance at Low-Temperature
    • No. 1
    • S. de Souza, S. J. Visco, and L. C. De Jonghe, "Thin-Film Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with High Performance at Low-Temperature," Solid State Ionics, Vol. 98, Issues 1-2, No. 1, pp. 57-61, 1999.
    • (1999) Solid State Ionics , vol.98 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 57-61
    • De Souza, S.1    Visco, S.J.2    De Jonghe, L.C.3
  • 236
    • 0012084920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dependence of SOFC Cathode Degradation by Chromium-Containing Alloy on Compositions of Electrodes
    • Y. Matsuzaki and I. Yasuda, "Dependence of SOFC Cathode Degradation by Chromium-Containing Alloy on Compositions of Electrodes," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 148, No. 2, pp. A126-A131, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.148 , Issue.2
    • Matsuzaki, Y.1    Yasuda, I.2
  • 237
    • 34147125954 scopus 로고
    • Brennstoff Ketten
    • E. Baur and J. Tobler, "Brennstoff Ketten," Z. Elektrochem. Vol. 39. pp. 169-180, 1933.
    • (1933) Z. Elektrochem. , vol.39 , pp. 169-180
    • Baur, E.1    Tobler, J.2
  • 238
    • 84890236003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cell Energy
    • Fuel Cell Energy, www.fce.com.
  • 239
    • 0345793192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel Cells Explained
    • 2nd ed. Wiley, West Sussex, England
    • J. Larminie and A. Dicks, Fuel Cells Explained, 2nd ed. Wiley, West Sussex, England, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Larminie, J.1    Dicks, A.2
  • 240
    • 13844306780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of High Temperature Fuel Cell Development
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • H. Yokokawa and N. Sakai, "History of High Temperature Fuel Cell Development," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 219-266.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 219-266
    • Yokokawa, H.1    Sakai, N.2
  • 241
    • 0242689877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assesment of Commercial Prospects of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
    • ETSU Report No. F/03/00168/REP, AEA Technology, Harwell, UK
    • A. L. Dicks and A. Siddle, "Assesment of Commercial Prospects of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells," ETSU Report No. F/03/00168/REP, AEA Technology, Harwell, UK, 1999.
    • (1999)
    • Dicks, A.L.1    Siddle, A.2
  • 243
    • 13444251970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landfill Gas Cleanup forCarbonate Fuel Cell Power Generation
    • Natural Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) DOE-NETL Final Report, Golden, Colorodo, February
    • G. Steinfeld and R. Sanderson, "Landfill Gas Cleanup forCarbonate Fuel Cell Power Generation," Natural Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) DOE-NETL Final Report, Golden, Colorodo, February 1998.
    • (1998)
    • Steinfeld, G.1    Sanderson, R.2
  • 244
    • 74949126554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • Y. Fujita, "Durability," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 969-982.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 969-982
    • Fujita, Y.1
  • 245
    • 34748926236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stack Material and Stack Design
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • Y. Mugikura, "Stack Material and Stack Design," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 907-920.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 907-920
    • Mugikura, Y.1
  • 248
    • 33748969393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corrosion of Anode Current Collectors in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
    • S. Randström, C. Lagergren, and P. Capobianco, "Corrosion of Anode Current Collectors in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 160, pp. 782-788, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.160 , pp. 782-788
    • Randström, S.1    Lagergren, C.2    Capobianco, P.3
  • 249
    • 33845626992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sintering Behavior of Porous α-Lithium Aluminate Matrices in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells at High Temperature
    • L. Zhou, H. Lin, and B. Yi, "Sintering Behavior of Porous α-Lithium Aluminate Matrices in Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells at High Temperature," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 164, pp. 24-32, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Power Sources , vol.164 , pp. 24-32
    • Zhou, L.1    Lin, H.2    Yi, B.3
  • 250
    • 84856392699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphoric Acid Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J. M. King, H. R. Kunz, "Phosphoric Acid Electrolyte Fuel Cells," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 287-300.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 287-300
    • King, J.M.1    Kunz, H.R.2
  • 251
    • 0842274234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience with 200 kW PC25 Fuel Cell Power Plant
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J. M. King and B. McDonald, "Experience with 200 kW PC25 Fuel Cell Power Plant," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 832-843.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 832-843
    • King, J.M.1    McDonald, B.2
  • 252
    • 18844398562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells: Fundamentals and Applications
    • N. Sammes, R. Bove, and K. Stahl, "Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells: Fundamentals and Applications," Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci.,, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 372-378, 2004.
    • (2004) Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 372-378
    • Sammes, N.1    Bove, R.2    Stahl, K.3
  • 253
    • 4544315951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalyst Studies and Coating Technologies
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • D. A. Landsman and F. J. Luczak, "Catalyst Studies and Coating Technologies," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 811-831.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 811-831
    • Landsman, D.A.1    Luczak, F.J.2
  • 255
    • 84890246209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PC25 Data Sheet, UTC Power Corporation. South Windsor, CT, 2005
    • PC25 Data Sheet, UTC Power Corporation. South Windsor, CT, 2005.
  • 256
    • 0030194841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FUEL Cell Technology: Status and Future Prospects
    • A. J. Appleby, "FUEL Cell Technology: Status and Future Prospects," Energy, Vol. 21, No. 7/8, pp. 521-653, 1996.
    • (1996) Energy , vol.21 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 521-653
    • Appleby, A.J.1
  • 257
    • 0035700640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A High-Performance Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell
    • M. Neergat and A. K. Shukla, "A High-Performance Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell," J. Power Sources, Vol. 102, No. 1/2, pp. 317-321, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Power Sources , vol.102 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 317-321
    • Neergat, M.1    Shukla, A.K.2
  • 258
    • 27944441637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stack Materials and Stack Design
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • R. D. Breault, "Stack Materials and Stack Design," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 797-810.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 797-810
    • Breault, R.D.1
  • 259
    • 84890207197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associate Editor Police Power, Mechanical Engineering Power
    • The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NY, May
    • P. Sharke, Associate Editor Police Power, Mechanical Engineering Power, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NY, May 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Sharke, P.1
  • 260
    • 0003974016 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of Fuel Cell Performance
    • prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number EC-77-C-03-1545, Institute of Gas Technology, Des Plaines, IL
    • T. G. Benjamin, E.H. Camara, and L. G. Marianowski, Handbook of Fuel Cell Performance, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number EC-77-C-03-1545, Institute of Gas Technology, Des Plaines, IL, 1980.
    • (1980)
    • Benjamin, T.G.1    Camara, E.H.2    Marianowski, L.G.3
  • 261
    • 84890238405 scopus 로고
    • Method for Reducing Electrolyte Loss from an Electrochemical Cell
    • U.S. Patent 4, 414291, November. 8
    • R. D. Breault, "Method for Reducing Electrolyte Loss from an Electrochemical Cell," U.S. Patent 4, 414291, November. 8, 1983.
    • (1983)
    • Breault, R.D.1
  • 262
    • 84890227559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EG&G Services Parsons, Science Applications International Corporation
    • Fuel Cell Handbook, 5th ed., National Technical Information Service, US Dept. of Commerce, Springfield, VA
    • Fuel Cell Handbook, 5th ed., EG&G Services Parsons, Science Applications International Corporation, National Technical Information Service, US Dept. of Commerce, Springfield, VA, 2000.
    • (2000)
  • 264
    • 33845631516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Based on Phosphoric acid Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membranes
    • O. E. Kongstein, T. Berning, B. Børresen, F. Seland, and R. Tunold, "Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Based on Phosphoric acid Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membranes," Energy,, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 418-422, 2007.
    • (2007) Energy , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 418-422
    • Kongstein, O.E.1    Berning, T.2    Børresen, B.3    Seland, F.4    Tunold, R.5
  • 265
    • 0030086173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A H2/O2 Fuel Cell Using Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole as Polymer Electrolyte
    • J.-T. Wang, R. F. Savinell, J. Wainright, M. Litt, and H. Yu, "A H2/O2 Fuel Cell Using Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole as Polymer Electrolyte," Electrochim. Acta,, Vol. 41, pp. 193-197, 1996.
    • (1996) Electrochim. Acta , vol.41 , pp. 193-197
    • Wang, J.-T.1    Savinell, R.F.2    Wainright, J.3    Litt, M.4    Yu, H.5
  • 266
    • 33750936200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Open Circuit Voltage on Performance and Degradation of High Temperature PBI-H3PO4 Fuel Cells
    • Z. Qi and S. Buelte, "Effect of Open Circuit Voltage on Performance and Degradation of High Temperature PBI-H3PO4 Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 161, No. 2, pp. 1126-1132, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , Issue.2 , pp. 1126-1132
    • Qi, Z.1    Buelte, S.2
  • 267
    • 18444376770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine-Based Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Applications
    • L. Xiao, H. Zhang, T. Jana, E. Scanlon, R. Chen, E.-W. Choe, L. S. Ramanathan, S. Yu, and B. C. Benicewicz, "Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine-Based Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Applications," Vol. 5, pp. 287-295, 2005.
    • (2005) , vol.5 , pp. 287-295
    • Xiao, L.1    Zhang, H.2    Jana, T.3    Scanlon, E.4    Chen, R.5    Choe, E.-W.6    Ramanathan, L.S.7    Yu, S.8    Benicewicz, B.C.9
  • 268
    • 0030194347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Using Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole as Polymer Electrolyte
    • J.-T. Wang, J. S. Wainright, R. F. Savinell, and M. Litt, "A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Using Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole as Polymer Electrolyte," J. Appl. Electrochem, Vol. 26, p. 751, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Electrochem , vol.26 , pp. 751
    • Wang, J.-T.1    Wainright, J.S.2    Savinell, R.F.3    Litt, M.4
  • 269
    • 0025208547 scopus 로고
    • The Fuel Cell in Space: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
    • M. Warshay and P. R. Prokopius, "The Fuel Cell in Space: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 29, pp. 193-200, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Power Sources , vol.29 , pp. 193-200
    • Warshay, M.1    Prokopius, P.R.2
  • 271
    • 34247391375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen/Oxygen (Air) Fuel Cells with Alkaline Electrolytes
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • M. Cifrain and K. Kordesch, "Hydrogen/Oxygen (Air) Fuel Cells with Alkaline Electrolytes," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 267-280.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.1 , pp. 267-280
    • Cifrain, M.1    Kordesch, K.2
  • 272
    • 84890155901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    • http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  • 273
    • 30144444094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Poisoning in Air Breathing Alkaline Fuel Cells
    • A. Tewari, V. Sambhy, M. Urquidi Macdonald, and A. Sen, "Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Poisoning in Air Breathing Alkaline Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 153, pp. 1-10, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.153 , pp. 1-10
    • Tewari, A.1    Sambhy, V.2    Urquidi Macdonald, M.3    Sen, A.4
  • 274
    • 33646191438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar Concept for Alkaline Fuel Cells
    • E. Gülzow, M. Schulze, and U. Gerke, "Bipolar Concept for Alkaline Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 156, pp. 1-7, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.156 , pp. 1-7
    • Gülzow, E.1    Schulze, M.2    Gerke, U.3
  • 275
    • 84890237626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stack Materials and Design
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • K. Kordesch and V. Hacker, "Stack Materials and Design," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 766-773.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 766-773
    • Kordesch, K.1    Hacker, V.2
  • 276
    • 0842274234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Comparison Between the Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) and the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • K. Kordesch and M. Cifrain, "A Comparison Between the Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) and the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 789-793.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 789-793
    • Kordesch, K.1    Cifrain, M.2
  • 277
    • 33646204665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • System Design and Applications
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • K. Strasser, "System Design and Applications," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 4, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 775-788.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 775-788
    • Strasser, K.1
  • 278
    • 1842611879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation of Gas Diffusion Electrodes with Silver Catalysts for Alkaline Fuel Cells
    • E. Gülzow, N. Wagner, and M. Schulze, "Preparation of Gas Diffusion Electrodes with Silver Catalysts for Alkaline Fuel Cells," Fuel Cells,, Vol. 3, pp. 67-72, 2003.
    • (2003) Fuel Cells , vol.3 , pp. 67-72
    • Gülzow, E.1    Wagner, N.2    Schulze, M.3
  • 279
    • 7544227821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic Biofuel Cells for Implantable and Microscale Devices
    • S. Calabrese Barton, J. Gallaway, and P. Atanassov, "Enzymatic Biofuel Cells for Implantable and Microscale Devices," Chem. Rev.,, Vol. 104, No. 10, pp. 4867-4886, 2004.
    • (2004) Chem. Rev. , vol.104 , Issue.10 , pp. 4867-4886
    • Calabrese Barton, S.1    Gallaway, J.2    Atanassov, P.3
  • 281
    • 33748564008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial Fuel Cells-Challenges and Applications
    • B. E. Logan, and J. M. Regan, "Microbial Fuel Cells-Challenges and Applications," Environ. Sci. Technol.,, Vol. 40, No. 17, pp. 5172-5180, 2006.
    • (2006) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.40 , Issue.17 , pp. 5172-5180
    • Logan, B.E.1    Regan, J.M.2
  • 284
    • 33747305532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Hydrogen 'Illusion'-Why Electrons are a Better Energy Carrier
    • March/April
    • U. Bossel, "The Hydrogen 'Illusion'-Why Electrons are a Better Energy Carrier," Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production, pp. 55-59, March/April 2004.
    • (2004) Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production , pp. 55-59
    • Bossel, U.1
  • 285
    • 84890189259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen Storage Sub-Program Overview
    • U.S. Department of Energy, FY 2005 Progress Report, Sunita Satyapal, Department of Energy, Washington, DC
    • U.S. Department of Energy, "Hydrogen Storage Sub-Program Overview," FY 2005 Progress Report, Sunita Satyapal, Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 2005, pp. 459-462.
    • (2005) , pp. 459-462
  • 286
    • 84890222261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Cost, High Efficiency, High Pressure Hydrogen Storage
    • DOE 2006 Annual Progress Report, Part IV. E Hydrogen Storage/Compressed/Liquid Tanks," Department of Energy, Washington, DC
    • W. Dubno and B. Geving, "Low Cost, High Efficiency, High Pressure Hydrogen Storage," DOE 2006 Annual Progress Report, Part IV. E Hydrogen Storage/Compressed/Liquid Tanks," Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 2006, pp. 521-524.
    • (2006) , pp. 521-524
    • Dubno, W.1    Geving, B.2
  • 287
    • 30744436800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High Pressure Storage
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • R. Funck, "High Pressure Storage," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 83-88.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 83-88
    • Funck, R.1
  • 288
    • 0003665783 scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics
    • 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York
    • M. J. Moran and H. N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Moran, M.J.1    Shapiro, H.N.2
  • 289
    • 84882312891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Freedom Element: Living with Hydrogen
    • Blue Note Books, CoCoa Beach, FL
    • A. Bain, The Freedom Element: Living with Hydrogen, Blue Note Books, CoCoa Beach, FL, 2004.
    • (2004)
    • Bain, A.1
  • 290
    • 30744479415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LiquidHydrogen Technology forVehicles
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J.Wolf, "LiquidHydrogen Technology forVehicles," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 89-100.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 89-100
    • Wolf, J.1
  • 291
    • 84890137887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methanol from Fossil and Renewable Sources
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • R. Edinger, G. Isenberg, and B. Höhlein, "Methanol from Fossil and Renewable Sources," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 39-48.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 39-48
    • Edinger, R.1    Isenberg, G.2    Höhlein, B.3
  • 292
    • 0042982278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydride Storage
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • G. Sandrock, "Hydride Storage," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 101-112.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 101-112
    • Sandrock, G.1
  • 293
    • 17644395015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aqueous Borohydride Solutions
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • S. Suda, "Aqueous Borohydride Solutions," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 115-120.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 115-120
    • Suda, S.1
  • 294
    • 0033285933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Panoramic Overview of Hydrogen Storage Alloys from a Gas Reaction Point of View
    • G. Sandrock, "A Panoramic Overview of Hydrogen Storage Alloys from a Gas Reaction Point of View," J. Alloys Compounds, Vols. 293-295, pp. 877-888, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Alloys Compounds , vol.293-295 , pp. 877-888
    • Sandrock, G.1
  • 296
    • 77954825204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Go/No-Go Decision: Pure, Undoped Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage
    • U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Program announcement, DOE, Washington, DC, October
    • U.S. Department of Energy, "Go/No-Go Decision: Pure, Undoped Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage," U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Program announcement, DOE, Washington, DC, October, 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 297
    • 31944444897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Functionalization, Catenation, and Variation of the Metal Oxide and Organic Linking Units on the Low-Pressure Hydrogen Adsorption Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks
    • J. L. C. Rowsell and O. M. Yaghi, "Effects of Functionalization, Catenation, and Variation of the Metal Oxide and Organic Linking Units on the Low-Pressure Hydrogen Adsorption Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks," J. Am. Chem. Soc.,, Vol. 128, pp. 1304-1315, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 1304-1315
    • Rowsell, J.L.C.1    Yaghi, O.M.2
  • 298
    • 33645418235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exceptional H2 Saturation Uptake in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks
    • A. G. Wong-Foy, A. J. Matzger, and O. M. Yaghi, "Exceptional H2 Saturation Uptake in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks," J. Am. Chem. Soc.,, Vol. 128, pp. 3494-3495, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 3494-3495
    • Wong-Foy, A.G.1    Matzger, A.J.2    Yaghi, O.M.3
  • 299
    • 84890139709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced Hydrogen Dipole Physisorption
    • United States Department of Energy, Washington, D.C
    • C. Ahn, R. H. Grubbs, and R. C. Bowman, Jr., "Enhanced Hydrogen Dipole Physisorption," Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report, pp. 452-454, United States Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 2006.
    • (2006) Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report , pp. 452-454
    • Ahn, C.1    Grubbs, R.H.2    Bowman Jr., R.C.3
  • 300
    • 84890179576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced Boron and Metal-Loaded High Porosity Carbons
    • DOE Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report, Department of Energy, Washington, DC
    • P. Eklund, T. C. M. Chung, H. C. Foley, and V. H. Crispy, "Advanced Boron and Metal-Loaded High Porosity Carbons," DOE Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report, Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 2006, pp. 476-478.
    • (2006) , pp. 476-478
    • Eklund, P.1    Chung, T.C.M.2    Foley, H.C.3    Crispy, V.H.4
  • 301
    • 28144436907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tailoring of Nanoscale Porosity in Carbide-Derived Carbons for Hydrogen Storage
    • Y. Gogotsi, R. K. Dash, G. Yushin, T. Yildirim, G. Laudisio, and J. E. Fischer, "Tailoring of Nanoscale Porosity in Carbide-Derived Carbons for Hydrogen Storage," J. Am. Chem. Soc.,, Vol. 127, pp. 16006-16007, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.127 , pp. 16006-16007
    • Gogotsi, Y.1    Dash, R.K.2    Yushin, G.3    Yildirim, T.4    Laudisio, G.5    Fischer, J.E.6
  • 302
    • 2442477352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen Sorption in Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks
    • J. L. C. Rowsell, A. R. Millward, K. S. Park, and O. M. Yaghi, "Hydrogen Sorption in Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks," J. Am. Chem. Soc.,, Vol. 126, pp. 5666-5667, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 5666-5667
    • Rowsell, J.L.C.1    Millward, A.R.2    Park, K.S.3    Yaghi, O.M.4
  • 303
    • 84884507050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen Storage in MOFs
    • DOE Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report, Department of Energy, Washington, DC
    • O. M. Yaghi, "Hydrogen Storage in MOFs," DOE Hydrogen Program Annual Progress Report, Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 2006, pp. 515-517.
    • (2006) , pp. 515-517
    • Yaghi, O.M.1
  • 304
    • 22244473422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalyst Development and Kinetics for Methanol Fuel Processing
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York
    • B. A. Peppley, J. C. Amphlett, and R. F.Mann, "Catalyst Development and Kinetics for Methanol Fuel Processing," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 132-148.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 132-148
    • Peppley, B.A.1    Amphlett, J.C.2    Mann, R.F.3
  • 306
    • 33746599128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar and Wind Energy Coupled with Electrolysis and Fuel Cells
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • R. Wurster and J. Shindler, "Solar and Wind Energy Coupled with Electrolysis and Fuel Cells," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 62-77.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 62-77
    • Wurster, R.1    Shindler, J.2
  • 307
    • 0343462148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen Production by Biological Processes: A Survey of Literature
    • D. Das and T. N. Veziroglu, "Hydrogen Production by Biological Processes: A Survey of Literature," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy,, Vol. 26, pp. 13-28, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Hydrogen Energy , vol.26 , pp. 13-28
    • Das, D.1    Veziroglu, T.N.2
  • 309
    • 0020005667 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the Sulfur-Iodine Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycle
    • J. H. Norman, K. J. Mysels, R. Sharp, and D. Williamson, "Studies of the Sulfur-Iodine Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycle," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy,, Vol. 7, pp. 545-556, 1982.
    • (1982) Int. J. Hydrogen Energy , vol.7 , pp. 545-556
    • Norman, J.H.1    Mysels, K.J.2    Sharp, R.3    Williamson, D.4
  • 310
    • 9344230407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Likely Near-Term Solar-Thermal Water Splitting Technologies
    • C. R. Perkins and A. W. Weimer, "Likely Near-Term Solar-Thermal Water Splitting Technologies," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy,, Vol. 29, pp. 1587-1599, 2004.
    • (2004) Int. J. Hydrogen Energy , vol.29 , pp. 1587-1599
    • Perkins, C.R.1    Weimer, A.W.2
  • 311
    • 84890181336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the EleventhWorld Hydrogen Energy Conference
    • T. N. Veziroglu, C.-J. Winter, J. P. Baselt, and G. Kreysa, Eds., Schön & Wetzel, Frankfurt, Germany
    • M. A. Zittel, in Proceedings of the EleventhWorld Hydrogen Energy Conference, T. N. Veziroglu, C.-J. Winter, J. P. Baselt, and G. Kreysa, Eds., Schön & Wetzel, Frankfurt, Germany, 1996.
    • (1996)
    • Zittel, M.A.1
  • 312
    • 0037849598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Hydrogen: Potential, Problems, and a Proposed Research Program
    • S. A. Sherif, N. Zeytinoglu, and T. N. Veziroglu, "Liquid Hydrogen: Potential, Problems, and a Proposed Research Program," Int. J. Hydrogen Energy,, Vol. 22, pp. 683-688, 1997.
    • (1997) Int. J. Hydrogen Energy , vol.22 , pp. 683-688
    • Sherif, S.A.1    Zeytinoglu, N.2    Veziroglu, T.N.3
  • 313
    • 0038179362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential Environmental Impact of a Hydrogen Economy on the Stratosphere
    • T. K. Tromp, R.-L. Shia, M. Allen, J. M. Eiler, and Y. L. Yung, "Potential Environmental Impact of a Hydrogen Economy on the Stratosphere," Science,, Vol. 300, pp. 1470-1472, 2003.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 1470-1472
    • Tromp, T.K.1    Shia, R.-L.2    Allen, M.3    Eiler, J.M.4    Yung, Y.L.5
  • 314
    • 33746087221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Power Grid for the Hydrogen Economy
    • July
    • P. M. Grant, C. Starr, and T. J. Overbye, "A Power Grid for the Hydrogen Economy," Sci. Am., July 2006.
    • (2006) Sci. Am.
    • Grant, P.M.1    Starr, C.2    Overbye, T.J.3
  • 315
    • 33846093511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative Fuels and Prospects-Overview
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York
    • J. M. Ogden, "Alternative Fuels and Prospects-Overview," in Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds., Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 1-24.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology and Applications , vol.3 , pp. 1-24
    • Ogden, J.M.1
  • 316
    • 84890210857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facts and Figures
    • "Facts and Figures", Chem. Eng. News, Vol. 83, No. 28, p. 41, 2005.
    • (2005) Chem. Eng. News , vol.83 , Issue.28 , pp. 41
  • 317
    • 0003768971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Methods
    • 2nd ed., Wiley, New York
    • A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Bard, A.J.1    Faulkner, L.R.2
  • 318
    • 26444433388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
    • M. G. Parthasarathy and J. W. Weidner, "Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Int. J. Energy Res.,, Vol. 29, pp. 1133-1151, 2005.
    • (2005) Int. J. Energy Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1133-1151
    • Parthasarathy, M.G.1    Weidner, J.W.2
  • 319
    • 30744452263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Applied to Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with a Pseudo Reference Electrode Arrangement
    • H. Kuhn, B. Andreaus, A.Wokaun, and G. G. Scherer, "Electochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Applied to Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with a Pseudo Reference Electrode Arrangement," Electrochim. Acta, Vol. 51, No. 8/9, pp. 1622-1628, 2006.
    • (2006) Electrochim. Acta , vol.51 , Issue.8-9 , pp. 1622-1628
    • Kuhn, H.1    Andreaus, B.2    Wokaun, A.3    Scherer, G.G.4
  • 320
    • 0030084123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy
    • T. E. Springer, T. A. Zawodzinski, M. S.Wilson, and S. Gottesfeld, "Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 142, pp. 587-599, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.142 , pp. 587-599
    • Springer, T.E.1    Zawodzinski, T.A.2    Wilson, M.S.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 321
    • 0042208246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical Analysis for Obtaining Physical Properties of Composite Electrodes
    • P. M. Gomadam, J. W. Weidner, T. A. Zawodzinski, and A. P. Saab, "Theoretical Analysis for Obtaining Physical Properties of Composite Electrodes," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. E371-E376, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Gomadam, P.M.1    Weidner, J.W.2    Zawodzinski, T.A.3    Saab, A.P.4
  • 322
    • 0024684032 scopus 로고
    • Electrical Impedance of a Pore Wall for the Flooded-Agglomerate Model of Porous Gas-Diffusion Electrodes
    • T. E. Springer and I. D. Raistrick, "Electrical Impedance of a Pore Wall for the Flooded-Agglomerate Model of Porous Gas-Diffusion Electrodes," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 136, pp. 1594-1603, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.136 , pp. 1594-1603
    • Springer, T.E.1    Raistrick, I.D.2
  • 323
    • 0033365156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical Impedance of the Cathode Catalyst Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • M. Eikerling and A. A. Kornyshev, "Electrochemical Impedance of the Cathode Catalyst Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electroanal. Chem.,, Vol. 475, pp. 107-123, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.475 , pp. 107-123
    • Eikerling, M.1    Kornyshev, A.A.2
  • 324
    • 0347051565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient Techniques for Investigating Mass-Tranport Limitations in Gas-Diffusion Electrodes: I. Experimental Characterization of the PEFC Cathode
    • F. Jaouen, G. Lindberg, and K. Wiezell, "Transient Techniques for Investigating Mass-Tranport Limitations in Gas-Diffusion Electrodes: I. Experimental Characterization of the PEFC Cathode," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A1711-A1717, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Jaouen, F.1    Lindberg, G.2    Wiezell, K.3
  • 325
    • 2042435765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Steady-State Impedance Model for a PEMFC Cathode
    • Q. Guo and R. E. White, "A Steady-State Impedance Model for a PEMFC Cathode," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 151, pp. E133-E149, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.151
    • Guo, Q.1    White, R.E.2
  • 326
    • 0242677744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of Ionic Conductivity Profiles of the Air Cathode of a PEMFC by AC Impedance Spectroscopy
    • Q. Guo, M. Cayetano, Y. Tsou, E. S. De Castro, and R. E. White, "Study of Ionic Conductivity Profiles of the Air Cathode of a PEMFC by AC Impedance Spectroscopy," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A1440-A1449, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Guo, Q.1    Cayetano, M.2    Tsou, Y.3    De Castro, E.S.4    White, R.E.5
  • 327
    • 14544283216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic Voltammetry
    • W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, Chichester
    • W. Vielstich, "Cyclic Voltammetry," in Handbook of Fuel Cells, Technology and Applications, Vol. 2,W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H. A. Gasteiger, Eds.,Wiley, Chichester, 2003, pp. 153-162.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells, Technology and Applications , vol.2 , pp. 153-162
    • Vielstich, W.1
  • 328
  • 329
    • 0037594112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemcial Characterization of the Active Surface in Carbon-Supported Platinum Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells
    • D. A. Stevens, and J. R. Dahn, "Electrochemcial Characterization of the Active Surface in Carbon-Supported Platinum Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A770-A775, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Stevens, D.A.1    Dahn, J.R.2
  • 330
    • 0012436348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Improved Method for the Determination of the Electrochemical Active Area of Porous Composite Platinum Electrodes
    • M. Sogaard, M. Odgaard, and E. M. Skou, "An Improved Method for the Determination of the Electrochemical Active Area of Porous Composite Platinum Electrodes," Solid State Ionics,, Vol. 145, pp. 31-35, 2001.
    • (2001) Solid State Ionics , vol.145 , pp. 31-35
    • Sogaard, M.1    Odgaard, M.2    Skou, E.M.3
  • 332
    • 1842478871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Approach to Measuring Locally Resolved Currents in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • A. B. Geiger, R. Eckl, A. Wokaun, and G. G. Scherera, "An Approach to Measuring Locally Resolved Currents in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 151, pp. A394-A398, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.151
    • Geiger, A.B.1    Eckl, R.2    Wokaun, A.3    Scherera, G.G.4
  • 333
    • 1542471538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current Distribution Measurements in a PEFC with Net Flow Geometry
    • M. Noponen, J. Ihonen, A. Lundblad, and G. Lindbergh, "Current Distribution Measurements in a PEFC with Net Flow Geometry," J. Appl. Electrochem.,, Vol. 34, pp. 255-262, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Appl. Electrochem. , vol.34 , pp. 255-262
    • Noponen, M.1    Ihonen, J.2    Lundblad, A.3    Lindbergh, G.4
  • 334
    • 0034226434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A New Technique for Two-Dimensional Current Distribution Measurements in Electrochemical Cells
    • C.Wieser, A. Helmbold, and E. Gülzow, "A New Technique for Two-Dimensional Current Distribution Measurements in Electrochemical Cells," J. Appl. Electrochem.,, Vol. 30, pp. 803-807, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Electrochem. , vol.30 , pp. 803-807
    • Wieser, C.1    Helmbold, A.2    Gülzow, E.3
  • 335
  • 336
    • 0032117849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Printed Circuit Board Apporach to Measuring Current Distribution in a Fuel Cell
    • S. Cleghorn, C. Derouin, M. Wilson, and S. Gottesfeld, "A Printed Circuit Board Apporach to Measuring Current Distribution in a Fuel Cell," J. Appl. Electrochem.,, Vol. 28, pp. 663-672, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Appl. Electrochem. , vol.28 , pp. 663-672
    • Cleghorn, S.1    Derouin, C.2    Wilson, M.3    Gottesfeld, S.4
  • 337
    • 0032316412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Situ Methods for the Determination of Current Distributions in PEM Fuel Cells
    • J. Stumper, S. Campell, D. Wilkinson, M. Johnson, and M. Davis, "In Situ Methods for the Determination of Current Distributions in PEM Fuel Cells," Electrochim. Acta,, Vol. 43, pp. 3773-3783, 1998.
    • (1998) Electrochim. Acta , vol.43 , pp. 3773-3783
    • Stumper, J.1    Campell, S.2    Wilkinson, D.3    Johnson, M.4    Davis, M.5
  • 338
    • 27744537402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions
    • Q. Dong, M. M. Mench, S. Cleghorn, and U. Beuscher, "Distributed Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells under Low-Humidity Conditions," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 152, pp. A2114-A2122, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.152
    • Dong, Q.1    Mench, M.M.2    Cleghorn, S.3    Beuscher, U.4
  • 339
    • 0043210603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Situ Current Distribution Measurements in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • M. M. Mench, C. Y. Wang, and M. Ishikawa, "In Situ Current Distribution Measurements in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," J. Electrochem Soc., Vol. 150, A1052-A1059, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Mench, M.M.1    Wang, C.Y.2    Ishikawa, M.3
  • 340
    • 0037255139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An In Situ Method for Determination of Current Distribution in PEM Fuel Cells Applied to a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
    • M. M. Mench and C. Y. Wang, "An In Situ Method for Determination of Current Distribution in PEM Fuel Cells Applied to a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," J. Electrochem Soc.,, Vol. 150, pp. A79-A85, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Electrochem Soc. , vol.150
    • Mench, M.M.1    Wang, C.Y.2
  • 341
    • 0036535261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of Current Distribution in a Free-Breathing PEMFC
    • M. Noponen, T. Mennola, M. Mikkola, T. Hottinen, and P. Lund, "Measurement of Current Distribution in a Free-Breathing PEMFC," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 106, pp. 304-312, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Power Sources , vol.106 , pp. 304-312
    • Noponen, M.1    Mennola, T.2    Mikkola, M.3    Hottinen, T.4    Lund, P.5
  • 342
    • 33749615317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring Current Distribution in PEFCs with Sub-Millimeter Resolution I. Methodology
    • S. A. Freunberger, M. Reum, J. Evertz, A. Wokaun, and F. N. Büchi, "Measuring Current Distribution in PEFCs with Sub-Millimeter Resolution I. Methodology," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A2158-A2165, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Freunberger, S.A.1    Reum, M.2    Evertz, J.3    Wokaun, A.4    Büchi, F.N.5
  • 344
    • 10844243062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-Time Water Distribution in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • Q. Dong, J. Kull, and M. M. Mench, "Real-Time Water Distribution in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 139, pp. 106-114, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Power Sources , vol.139 , pp. 106-114
    • Dong, Q.1    Kull, J.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 346
    • 84890228303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DistributedMeasurement and Determination of Transport Parameters in PEFCs
    • Ph.D. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, August
    • Q. L. Dong, Ph.D. Thesis, "DistributedMeasurement and Determination of Transport Parameters in PEFCs," The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, August 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Dong, Q.L.1
  • 347
    • 33846948560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior of Water below the Freezing Point in PEFCs
    • Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds
    • Y. Ishikawa, T. Morita, and M. Shiozawa, "Behavior of Water below the Freezing Point in PEFCs," ECS Trans., Vol. 3, No. 1, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, T. Fuller, C. Bock, S. Cleghorn, H. Gasteiger, T. Jarvi, M. Mathias, M. Murthy, T. Nguyen, V. Ramani, E. Stuve, and T. Zawodzinski, Eds., pp. 889-895, 2006.
    • (2006) ECS Trans. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 889-895
    • Ishikawa, Y.1    Morita, T.2    Shiozawa, M.3
  • 348
    • 0742319703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and Optimization of the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • Ph.D. Thesis, NTN University, Trondheim, Norway
    • P. J. S. Vie, "Characterization and Optimization of the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Ph.D. Thesis, NTN University, Trondheim, Norway, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Vie, P.J.S.1
  • 349
    • 0942266846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal Conductivities from Temperature Profiles in the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • P. J. S. Vie and S. Kjelstrup, "Thermal Conductivities from Temperature Profiles in the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Electrochem. Acta,, Vol. 49, pp. 1069-1077, 2004.
    • (2004) Electrochem. Acta , vol.49 , pp. 1069-1077
    • Vie, P.J.S.1    Kjelstrup, S.2
  • 350
    • 1842534304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Situ Temperature DistributionMeasurements in an Operating Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • Proceedings of the 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), Symposium, Paper No. 42393,Washington, DC, November
    • D. J. Burford, T.W.Davis, and M. M. Mench, "In Situ Temperature DistributionMeasurements in an Operating Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," in Proceedings of the 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), Symposium, Paper No. 42393,Washington, DC, November 2003s.
    • (2003)
    • Burford, D.J.1    Davis, T.W.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 351
    • 20344379696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat Transport and Temperature Distribution in PEFCs
    • in Proceedings of the 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), IMECEC 2004-59497, Anaheim, CA, November
    • D. J. Burford, T. W. Davis, and M. M. Mench, "Heat Transport and Temperature Distribution in PEFCs," in Proceedings of the 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), IMECEC 2004-59497, Anaheim, CA, November 2004.
    • (2004)
    • Burford, D.J.1    Davis, T.W.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 352
    • 29144458966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin Film Temperature Sensor for Real-Time Measurement of Electrolyte Temperature in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
    • S. He, M. M. Mench, and S. Tadigadapa, "Thin Film Temperature Sensor for Real-Time Measurement of Electrolyte Temperature in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 170-177, 2006.
    • (2006) Sensors and Actuators A: Physical , vol.125 , Issue.2 , pp. 170-177
    • He, S.1    Mench, M.M.2    Tadigadapa, S.3
  • 353
    • 0242694567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualization of Water Buildup in the Cathode of a Transparent PEM Fuel Cell
    • K. Tüber, D. Pocza, and C. Hebling "Visualization of Water Buildup in the Cathode of a Transparent PEM Fuel Cell," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 124, pp. 403-414, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Power Sources , vol.124 , pp. 403-414
    • Tüber, K.1    Pocza, D.2    Hebling, C.3
  • 355
    • 27744568133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualization Study of Cathode Flooding with Different Operating Conditions in a PEM Unit Fuel Cell
    • ASME Proceedings of Fuelcell2005, Third International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Paper No. 74051, Ypsilanti, MI
    • H. S. Kim, T. H. Ha, S. J. Park, K. Min, and M. Kim, "Visualization Study of Cathode Flooding with Different Operating Conditions in a PEM Unit Fuel Cell, in ASME Proceedings of Fuelcell2005, Third International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Paper No. 74051, Ypsilanti, MI, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Kim, H.S.1    Ha, T.H.2    Park, S.J.3    Min, K.4    Kim, M.5
  • 356
    • 33748962870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel
    • E. C. Kumbur, K. V. Sharp, and M. M. Mench, "Liquid Droplet Behavior and Instability in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Flow Channel," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 161, pp. 335-345, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 335-345
    • Kumbur, E.C.1    Sharp, K.V.2    Mench, M.M.3
  • 357
    • 33748417005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid Water Storage, Distribution, and Removal from Diffusion Media in PEFCs
    • J. J. Kowal, A. Turhan, K. Heller, J. S. Brenizer, and M. M. Mench, "Liquid Water Storage, Distribution, and Removal from Diffusion Media in PEFCs," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A1971-A1978, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Kowal, J.J.1    Turhan, A.2    Heller, K.3    Brenizer, J.S.4    Mench, M.M.5
  • 358
    • 84890235727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASME Proceedings of FuelCell2005, Third International Conference on Fuel Cell Science
    • Engineering and Technology, Paper No. 74051, Ypsilanti, MI
    • P. A. Chuang, A. Turhan, A. K. Heller, J. S. Brenizer, T. A. Trabold, andM.M.Mench, in ASME Proceedings of FuelCell2005, Third International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Paper No. 74051, Ypsilanti, MI, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Chuang, P.A.1    Turhan, A.2    Heller, A.K.3    Brenizer, J.S.4    Trabold, T.A.5    Mench, andM.M.6
  • 359
    • 1542660914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Situ Investigation of Two-Phase Flow Patterns in FlowFields of PEFC's using Neutron Radiography
    • A. B. Geiger, A. Tsukada, E. Lehmann, P. Vontobel, A. Wokaun, and G. G. Scherer, "In Situ Investigation of Two-Phase Flow Patterns in FlowFields of PEFC's using Neutron Radiography," Fuel Cells,, Vol. 2, pp. 92-98, 2002.
    • (2002) Fuel Cells , vol.2 , pp. 92-98
    • Geiger, A.B.1    Tsukada, A.2    Lehmann, E.3    Vontobel, P.4    Wokaun, A.5    Scherer, G.G.6
  • 360
    • 0033097418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutron Imaging Technique for In Situ Measurements of water Transport Gradients with Nafion in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
    • R. J. Bellows,M.Y. Lin,M.Arif, A. K. Thompson, andD. Jacobson, "Neutron Imaging Technique for In Situ Measurements of water Transport Gradients with Nafion in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 146, pp. 1099-1103, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.146 , pp. 1099-1103
    • Bellows, R.J.1    Lin, M.Y.2    Arif, M.3    Thompson, A.K.4    Jacobson, D.5
  • 361
    • 1842767269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Situ Neutron Imaging Technique for Evaluation ofWaterManagement Systems in Operating PEM Fuel Cells
    • R. Satija, D. L. Jacobson, M. Arif, and S. A. Werner, "In Situ Neutron Imaging Technique for Evaluation ofWaterManagement Systems in Operating PEM Fuel Cells," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 129, pp. 238-245, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Power Sources , vol.129 , pp. 238-245
    • Satija, R.1    Jacobson, D.L.2    Arif, M.3    Werner, S.A.4
  • 362
    • 33748985061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of Liquid Water Accumulation and Distribution in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Using Neutron Imaging
    • A. Turhan, A. K. Heller, J. S. Brenizer, and M. M. Mench, "Quantification of Liquid Water Accumulation and Distribution in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Using Neutron Imaging," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 160, pp. 1195-1203, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.160 , pp. 1195-1203
    • Turhan, A.1    Heller, A.K.2    Brenizer, J.S.3    Mench, M.M.4
  • 363
    • 67649395894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Error Analysis of Water Quantification Using Neutron Imaging
    • World Conference on Neutron Radiography (WCNR-8), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, October 16-19
    • K. Heller, L. Shi, J. Brenizer, and M. M. Mench, "Error Analysis of Water Quantification Using Neutron Imaging,"World Conference on Neutron Radiography (WCNR-8), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, October 16-19, 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Heller, K.1    Shi, L.2    Brenizer, J.3    Mench, M.M.4
  • 364
    • 33749119562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas-Phase Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for Application to the Design of Fuel Cell Reactant Flow Channels
    • S. Y. Yoon, J. W. Ross, M. M. Mench, and K. V. Sharp, "Gas-Phase Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for Application to the Design of Fuel Cell Reactant Flow Channels," J. Power Sources,, Vol. 160, pp. 1017-1025, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.160 , pp. 1017-1025
    • Yoon, S.Y.1    Ross, J.W.2    Mench, M.M.3    Sharp, K.V.4
  • 365
    • 4944232259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic Resonance Imaging of theWater Distribution within a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane in Fuel Cells
    • S. Tsushima, K. Teranishi, and S. Hirai, "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of theWater Distribution within a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane in Fuel Cells," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.,, Vol. 7, pp. A269-A273, 2004.
    • (2004) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.7
    • Tsushima, S.1    Teranishi, K.2    Hirai, S.3
  • 366
    • 33646883548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of Liquid Water Saturation in a PEM Fuel Cell Diffusion Medium Using X-ray Microtomography
    • P. K. Sinha, P. Halleck, and C. Y. Wang, "Quantification of Liquid Water Saturation in a PEM Fuel Cell Diffusion Medium Using X-ray Microtomography," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.,, Vol. 9, pp. A344-A348, 2006.
    • (2006) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. , vol.9
    • Sinha, P.K.1    Halleck, P.2    Wang, C.Y.3
  • 367
    • 33750141783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of Flooding in Gas Diffusion Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Conventional Flow Field
    • H. Yamada, T. Hatanaka, H. Murata, and Y. Morimoto, "Measurement of Flooding in Gas Diffusion Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Conventional Flow Field," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A1748-A1754, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Yamada, H.1    Hatanaka, T.2    Murata, H.3    Morimoto, Y.4
  • 368
    • 33644805460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Water Transport in PEFCs by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurement
    • K. Teranishi, S. Tsushima, and S. Hirai, "Analysis of Water Transport in PEFCs by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurement," J. Electrochem. Soc.,, Vol. 153, pp. A664-A668, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.153
    • Teranishi, K.1    Tsushima, S.2    Hirai, S.3
  • 369
    • 0003147263 scopus 로고
    • Low-Pressure Properties ofWater from-160 to 212 °F
    • Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, presented at the 52nd annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, New York
    • J. A. Goff and S. Gratch, " Low-Pressure Properties ofWater from-160 to 212 °F," in Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, presented at the 52nd annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, New York, pp. 95-122, 1946.
    • (1946) , pp. 95-122
    • Goff, J.A.1    Gratch, S.2
  • 370
    • 4243153302 scopus 로고
    • Saturation Pressure ofWater on the New Kelvin Temperature Scale
    • Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, presented at the semi-annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, Murray Bay, Que. Canada
    • J. A. Goff, "Saturation Pressure ofWater on the New Kelvin Temperature Scale, Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, presented at the semi-annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, Murray Bay, Que. Canada, pp. 347-354, 1957.
    • (1957) , pp. 347-354
    • Goff, J.A.1
  • 371
    • 0003517855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Properties of Gases and Liquids,-3
    • McGraw-Hill, New York
    • J. M. Prausnitz, R. C. Reid, and T. K. Sherwood, The Properties of Gases and Liquids,-3, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997.
    • (1997)
    • Prausnitz, J.M.1    Reid, R.C.2    Sherwood, T.K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.