Review of Facilitated Transport Membranes

Materials Science of Membranes for Gas and Vapor Separation

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 411-435

  Noble, Richard D ^a   Koval, Carl A ^a  

^a UCB 450   (United States)

Author keywords

Ag(I) salt in polymer electrolyte membranes; Carrier solute reaction mechanism; Diffusion 'time lag' experiment using diaphragm cell; Facilitated transport (FT) membranes; Facilitated transport membrane stability; FT and membrane configurations; Novel liquid phases ionic liquids (ILs); Solution diffusion solute transport mechanism; Synergistic facilitated transport membrane distillation separation processes

Indexed keywords

EID: 84889396764     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/047002903X.ch17     Document Type: Chapter

References (171)

1. J. D.Way and R. D. Noble, 'Facilitated transport', in Membrane Handbook, K. K. Sirkar and W. S. Ho (Eds), Van Nostrand Publishing Company, New York, NY, USA (1992).
2. E. L. Cussler, 'Facilitated and active transport', in Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes, D. R. Paul and Y. P. Yampol'skii (Ed), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp. 273-300 (1994).
3. J. D. Way, et al., 'Liquid membrane transport: a survey', Journal of Membrane Science, 12, 239- 259 (1982).
4. C. J. King, 'Separation processes based on reversible chemical complexation', in Handbook of Separation Processes, R. W. Rousseau (Ed), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, USA, pp. 760-774 (1988).
5. L. L. Kemena, R. D. Noble and N. J. Kemp, 'Optimal regimes of facilitated transport', Journal of Membrane Science, 15, 259-274 (1983).
6. E. L. Cussler, Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, USA (1984).
7. R. D. Noble, 'Relationship of system properties to performance in facilitated transport systems', Gas Separation and Purification, 2, 16-19 (1988).
8. R. D. Noble, 'Two-dimensional permeate transport with facilitated transport membranes', Separation Science and Technology, 19, 469- 478 (1984).
9. J.-I. Kim and P. Stroeve, 'Mass transfer in separation devices with reactive hollow fibers', Chemical Engineering Science, 43, 247-257 (1988).
10. M. Metayer, et al.,'Facilitated transport of nonelectrolytes through ion-exchange membranes: concentration polarization and rate-determining stage in a tubular membrane system', Russian Journal of Electrochemistry (translation of Elektrokhimiya), 38, 873-883 (2002).
11. L. Li, 'Improvement of the performance of facilitated transport membrane process through nonuniformity', Journal of Membrane Science, 110, 83-90 (1996).
12. W. J. Ward, 'Analytical and experimental studies of facilitated transport', AIChE Journal, 16, 405-410 (1970).
13. D. R. Smith and J. A. Quinn, 'The prediction of facilitation factors for reaction augmented membrane transport', AIChE Journal, 21, 197-200 (1979).
14. M. H. Al-Marzouqi, K. J. A. Hogendoorn and G. F. Versteeg, 'Analytical solution for facilitated transport across a membrane', Chemical Engineering Science, 57, 4817-4829 (2002).
15. M. Teramoto, 'Approximate solution of facilitation factors in facilitated transport', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 33, 2161-2167 (1994).
16. M. Teramoto, 'Approximate solution of facilitation factors for the transport of CO2 through a liquid membrane of amine solution', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 34, 1267- 1272 (1995).
17. R. D. Noble, J. D. Way and L. A. Powers, 'Effect of external mass transfer resistance on facilitated transport', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 25, 450-452 (1986).
18. R.-S. Juang, S.-H. Lee and R.-H. Huang, 'Modeling of amine-facilitated liquid membrane transport of binary organic acids', Separation Science and Technology, 33, 2379-2395 (1998).
19. A. Kirkkopru-Dindi and R. D. Noble, 'Optimal regimes of facilitated transport for multiple site carriers', Journal of Membrane Science, 42, 13-25 (1989).
20. W. S. Ho and K. K. Sirkar (Eds), Membrane Handbook Chapman&Hall, London, UK (1992).
21. R. W. Baker, 'Future directions of membrane gas separation technology', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 41, 1393-1411 (2002).
22. D. W. Deetz and M. M. Kreevoy, 'Stabilized liquid films', US Patent 4 710 205 (1987).
23. O. H. LeBlanc, et al., 'Facilitated transport in ion exchange membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 6, 339-343 (1980).
24. J. D. Way, et al., 'Facilitated transport of CO2 in ion exchange membranes', AIChE Journal, 33, 480-487 (1987).
25. S. L. Matson, et al., 'Acid gas scrubbing by composite solvent-swollen membranes', US Patent 4 737 166 (1988).
26. M. Yoshikawa, et al., 'Synthetic polymer membranes with pyridine moiety for gas separation', Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 43, 729-732. (1986).
27. H. Nishide, et al., 'Oxygen binding and transport in the membrane of poly[[tetrakis(methacrylamidophenyl) porphinato]cobalt-co-hexyl methacrylate]', Macromolecules, 21, 2910-2913 (1988).
28. H. Nishide, H. Kawakami and E. Tsuchida, 'Facilitated transport of nitrogen and acetylene in poly(vinylcyclopentadienylmanganese) membrane', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 61, 492-496 (1989).
29. K. Sugie, 'Highly selective oxygen separating membrane containing Schiff-base chelate bound to polymeric ligand', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 59, 139-143 (1988).
30. R. D. Noble, 'Analysis of facilitated transport with fixed site carrier membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 50, 207-214 (1990).
31. R. D. Noble, 'Facilitated transport mechanism in fixed site carrier membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 60, 297-306 (1991).
32. R. D. Noble, 'Generalized microscopic mechanism of facilitated transport in fixed site carrier membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 75, 121-129 (1992).
33. E. L. Cussler, R. Aris and A. Bhown, 'On the limits of facilitated diffusion', Journal of Membrane Science, 43, 149-164 (1989).
34. Y. S. Kang, et al., 'Analysis of facilitated transport in fixed site carrier membranes: I. Single RC Model', Journal of Membrane Science, 109, 149- 157 (1996).
35. J.-M. Hong, et al., 'Analysis of facilitated transport in polymeric membrane with fixed site carrier 2. Series RC circuit model', Journal of Membrane Science, 109, 159-163 (1996).
36. S. Moganti, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'Analysis of a membrane/distillation column hybrid process', Journal of Membrane Science, 93, 31-44 (1994).
37. W. Stephan, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'Design Methodology for a membrane/distillation column hybrid process', Journal of Membrane Science, 99, 259-272 (1995).
38. T. Pettersen, et al., 'Design of combined membrane and distillation processes', Separations Technology, 6, 175-187 (1996).
39. R. Agrawal, et al., 'Membrane/cryogenic hybrid processes for hydrogen purification', Gas Separation and Purification, 2, 9 (March 1988).
40. R. Agrawal, et al., 'Membrane/cryogenic hybrid scheme for argon production from air', Gas Separation and Purification, 4, 75 (June 1990).
41. R. Agrawal and R. M. Thorogood, 'Production of medium pressure nitrogen by cryogenic air separation', Gas Separation and Purification, 5, 203 (December 1991).
42. M. F. Jin, F. C. J. Michel and R. D. Noble, 'Kinetics of copper extraction using (anti)-2- hydroxy-5-nonylbenzophenone', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 28, 193-198 (1989).
43. K. Y. Niiya and R. D. Noble, 'Competitive facilitated transport through liquid membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 23, 183-198 (1985).
44. J. D. Way and R. D. Noble, 'Competitive facilitated transport of acid gases in perfluorosulfonic acid membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 46, 309-324 (1989).
45. C. A. Koval, et al., 'Concentration and removal of nitrogen and sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon phases using electrochemically reversed chemical complexation', Separations Science and Technology, 23, 1389-1399 (1988).
46. P. A. Terry, et al., 'Electrochemically modulated complexation process for gas removal and concentration', AIChE Journal, 41, 2556-2564 (1995).
47. C.Wan, R. D. Noble and N. A. Clark, 'Control of gas permeation via electrohydrodynamic convection in a liquid crystal membrane', Journal of Membrane Science, 74, 223-231 (1992).
48. C. Wan, R. D. Noble and N. A. Clark, 'Use of polar solvents in an electroconvective liquid membrane for gas separation', Journal of Membrane Science, 84, 191-196 (1993).
49. J. P. Collins, et al., 'Continued studies of an electroconvective liquid membrane for gas separation', Journal of Membrane Science, 99, 249-257 (1995).
50. C. A. Koval, et al., 'Selective transport of gaseous CO through liquid membranes using an Iron(II) macrocyclic complex', Inorganic Chemistry, 24, 1147-1152 (1985).
51. S. Shinkai, K. Miyazaki and O. Manabe, 'Photoresponsive crown ethers. Part 18. Photochemically ''switched-on'' crown ethers containing an intra-annular azo substituent and their application to membrane transport', Journal Of The Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, 449 (1987).
52. M. Xu, et al., 'Photocontrollable ion transport across a liquid membrane by anthracene endlabeled oligo-oxyethylenes', Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics, 4, 4030-4035 (2002).
53. R. D. Noble, 'Optimal equilibrium constants for interfacial reactions used in liquid membrane transport', Separations Science and Technology, 24, 1329-1336 (1989).
54. E. L. Cussler, 'Membranes which pump', AIChE Journal, 17, 1300-1303 (1971).
55. A. Dindi, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'An analytical solution for competitive facilitated membrane transport', Journal of Membrane Science, 65, 39-45 (1992).
56. T. L. Longin, C. A. Koval and R. D. Noble, 'Photomodulation and photopumping in membranes containing carriers optimized for facilitated transport in the dark', Journal of Physical Chemistry, 101, 7172-7179 (1997).
57. T. L. Longin, C. A. Koval and R. D. Noble, 'Photomodulation of transport rates in liquid membranes containing photoactive carriers', Journal of Physical Chemistry, 101, 1036-1052 (1998).
58. T. L. Longin, C. A. Koval and R. D. Noble, 'Photopumping in liquid membranes containing photoactive carriers', Journal of Physical Chemistry, 102, 2064-2075 (1998).
59. M. L. Goyette, et al., 'Selective photofacilitated transport of sodium ions through liquid membranes: key factors in experimental design, transport results and comparison with a mathematical model', Journal of Membrane Science, 212, 225- 235 (2003).
60. A. L. Athayde and C. F. Ivory, 'Electrical pumping on carrier-mediated membrane transport', Journal of Membrane Science, 24, 309-323 (1985).
61. N. J. Kemp and R. D. Noble, 'Heat transfer effects in facilitated transport liquid membranes', Separation Science and Technology, 18, 1147- 1165 (1983).
62. J. T. Rockman, E. Kehat and R. Lavie, 'Mathematical model for thermally enhanced facilitated transport', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 34, 2455-2463 (1995).
63. E. Selegny, et al., 'Carrier-mediated, thermal energy-coupled, nonisothermal membrane transport. II. A gaseous system', Journal of Membrane Science, 108, 161-169 (1995).
64. E. Selegny, et al., 'Non-isothermal facilitated transport. III. Determination and prediction of simplified phenomenological direct and cross coefficients. Heat and/or mass driven transports', Journal of Membrane Science, 123, 47-59 (1997).
65. T. Welton, 'Room-temperature ionic liquids. solvents for synthesis and catalysis', Chemical Reviews, 99, 2071 (1999).
66. W. Keim and P.Wassercheid, 'Ionic liquids-new solutions for transition metal catalysis', Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 39, 3772-3789 (2000).
67. A. E. Visser, R. P. Swatloski and R. D. Rogers, 'pH-dependent partitioning in room temperature ionic liquids provides a link to traditional solvent extraction behavior', Green Chemistry, 2, 1 (2000).
68. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Traditional extractants in nontraditional solvents: groups 1 and 2 Extraction by crown ethers in room-temperature ionic liquids', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 39, 3596-3604 (2000).
69. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Calixarenes as ligands in environmentally-benign liquid/liquid extraction media, aqueous biphasic systems and room temperature ionic liquids, in Calixarenes for Separations, G. J. Lumetta, R. D. Rogers and A. S. Gopalan, (Eds.) pp. 223-236 (2000).
70. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Task-specific ionic liquids for the extraction of metal ions from aqueous solutions', Chemical Society, Journal of the Chemical Communications, 135 (2001).
71. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Liquid/liquid extraction of metal ions in room temperature ionic liquids', Separations Science and Technology, 36, 785 (2001).
72. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Characterization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ionic liquids: alternatives to volatile organic compounds for liquid-liquid separations, in Ionic Liquids; Industrial Applications to Green Chemistry, R. D. Rogers and K. R. Seddon (Eds), (2002).
73. P. Scovazzo, et al. 'Supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs) and facilitated ionic liquid membranes (FILMs)', in Ionic Liquids: Industrial Applications to Green Chemistry, American Chemical Society Symposium Series 818, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, (2002).
74. A. E. Visser, et al., 'Naphthol- and resorcinolbased azo dyes as metal ion complexants in aqueous biphasic systems', Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 743, 107 (2000).
75. C. M. Gordon, et al., 'Ionic liquid crystals: hexafluorophosphate salts', Journal Of Materials Chemistry, 8, 2627 (1998).
76. C. Hardacre, et al., 'Crystal and liquid crystalline polymorphism in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloropalladate(II) salts', Journal Of Materials Chemistry, 11, 346 (2001).
77. A. J. Carmichael, et al., 'Molecular layering and local order in thin films of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids using X-ray reflectivity', Molecular Physics, 99, 795 (2001).
78. D. Camper, et al., 'Gas solubilities in room temperature ionic liquids', Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004: p. in press. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research.
79. H. J.Walls, et al., 'Fumed silica-based composite polymer electrolytes: synthesis, rheology, and electrochemistry', Journal of Power Sources, 89, 156 (2000).
80. A. Sungpet, et al., 'Reactive polymer membranes for ethylene/ethane separation', Journal of Membrane Science, 136, 111-120 (1997).
81. P. Klausener and D. Woermann, 'Structure and transport properties of cation exchange gel membranes. Facilitated transport of ethene with silver ions as carriers', Journal of Membrane Science, 168, 17-27 (2000).
82. I. Pinnau and L. G. Toy, 'Solid polymer electrolyte composite membranes for olefin/paraffin separation', Journal of Membrane Science, 184, 39-48 (2001).
83. J. H. Ryu, et al., 'Facilitated olefin transport by reversible olefin coordination to silver ions in a dry cellulose acetate membrane', Chemistry-A European Journal, 7, 1525-1529 (2001).
84. M. Teramoto, et al., 'Ethylene/ethane separation by facilitated transport membrane accompanied by permeation of aqueous silver nitrate solution', Separation and Purification Technology, 28, 117- 124 (2002).
85. Y. Yoon, J. Won and Y. S. Kang, 'Polymer electrolyte membranes containing silver ion for facilitated olefin transport', Macromolecules, 33, 3185-3186 (2000).
86. Y. S. Park, J. Won and Y. S. Kang, 'Facilitated transport of olefin through solid PAAm and PAAm-graft composite membranes with silver ions', Journal of Membrane Science, 183, 163- 170 (2001).
87. K. J. Lee, et al., 'Complexation of silver ions with poly(butyl methacrylate) and propylene toward facilitated propylene transport', Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 23, 839-843 (2002).
88. W. S. Ho and D. C. Dalrymple, 'Facilitated transport of olefins in Ag{thorn}-containing polymer membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 91, 13-25 (1994).
89. J.-S. Yang and G.-H. Hsiue, 'C4 olefin/paraffin separation by poly[(1-trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne]- graft-poly(acrylic acid) -Ag{thorn}complexmembranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 111, 27-38 (1996).
90. A. S. Kovvali, H. Chen and K. K. Sirkar, 'Glycerol- based immobilized liquid membranes for olefin-paraffin separation', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 41, 347-356 (2002).
91. A. J. van Zyl, et al., 'Application of new sulfonated ionomer membranes in the separation of pentene and pentane by facilitated transport', Journal of Membrane Science, 137, 173-185 (1997).
92. A. Sungpet, et al., 'Silver doped Nafion-poly (pyrrole) membranes for facilitated permeation of liquid-phase olefins', Journal of Membrane Science, 189, 271-279 (2001).
93. R. M. Goering, et al., 'Complexation structure and transport mechanism of 1,5-hexadiene and 1-hexene through silver facilitated transport membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 172, 49-57 (2000).
94. C. A. Koval, L. Kaljevic and R. D. Noble, 'Membrane materials as ligands for Ag(I) ions: design and use for hydrocarbon separations', Macromolecular Symposia, 156, 27-44 (2000).
95. D. L. Bryant, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'Facilitated transport separation of benzene and cyclohexane with poly(vinyl alcohol)-AgNO3 membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 127, 161-170 (1997).
96. S. L. Kohls, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'Effects of molecular structure and equivalent weight on facilitated transport of alkenes in Ag(I)-PFSI membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 125, 61-73 (1997).
97. J. H. Kim, et al., 'Structure and coordination properties of facilitated olefin transport membranes consisting of crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) and silver hexafluoroantimonate', Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics, 42, 621-628 (2004).
98. C. A. Koval, D. L. Bryant and R. D. Noble, 'Poly(vinyl alcohol)-silver nitrate facilitated transport membranes for benzene/cyclohexane separations', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 77, 263-264 (1997).
99. J.-S. Yang and G.-H. Hsiue, 'Selective olefin permeation through Ag(I) contained silicone rubber- graft-poly(acrylic acid) membrane', Journal of Membrane Science, 126, 139-149 (1997).
100. A. Sungpet, et al., 'Facilitated transport of unsaturated hydrocarbons through water-swollen Nafion 112 incorporated with poly(pyrrole)', Journal of Membrane Science, 213, 221-224 (2003).
101. R. Rabago, et al., 'Evidence for parallel pathways in the facilitated transport of alkenes through Ag{thorn}-exchanged Nafion films', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 35, 1090- 1096 (1996).
102. R. M. Goering, et al., 'Role of ion-exchange membrane morphology and sorption properties in facilitated transport di-olefin/mono-olefin separations', Journal of Membrane Science, 144, 133-143 (1998).
103. M. Teramoto, T. Maeda and Q. F. Huang, 'Preparation of microporous ion exchange mebranes and their application to facilitated transport of carbon dioxide and olefin', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 77, 258-259 (1997).
104. J. H. Jin, et al., 'Spectroscopic studies for molecular structure and complexation of silver polymer electrolytes', Macromolecules, 33, 4932- 4935 (2000).
105. S. W. Kang, et al., 'Enhancement of facilitated olefin transport by amino acid in silver-polymer complex membranes', Journal of The Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 768-769 (2003).
106. D. S. Manley, et al., 'Morphological changes and facilitated transport characteristics for Nafion membranes of various equivalent weights', Chemistry of Materials, 8, 2595-2600 (1996).
107. J.-S. Yang and G.-H. Hsiue, 'Kinetics of Ag{thorn} contained polymeric complex membranes for facilitated olefin transport', Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics, 35, 909-917 (1997).
108. S. Sunderrajan, et al., 'Propane and propylene sorption in solid polymer electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) and silver salts', Journal of Membrane Science, 182, 1-12 (2001).
109. A. Morisato, et al., 'Transport properties of PA12-PTMO/AgBF4 solid polymer electrolyte membranes for olefin/paraffin separation', Desalination, 145, 347-351 (2002).
110. S. U. Hong, J. Y. Kim and Y. S. Kang, 'Effect of water on the facilitated transport of olefins through solid polymer electrolyte membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 181, 289-293 (2001).
111. J. H. Kim, et al., 'Structural changes of silver polymer electrolytes: Comparison between poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) complexes with silver salt', Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics, 42, 232-237 (2004).
112. S. Choi, J. H. Kim and Y. S. Kang, 'Wide-angle X-ray scattering studies on the structural properties of polymer electrolytes containing silver ions', Macromolecules, 34, 9087-9092 (2001).
113. J. H. Kim, et al., 'Facilitated transport of ethylene across polymer membranes containing silver salt: effect of HBF4 on the photoreduction of silver ions', Journal of Membrane Science, 212, 283- 288 (2003).
114. J. H. Kim, et al., 'Role of polymer matrix in polymer/silvercomplexesfor structure,interactions and facilitated olefin transport', Macromolecules, 36, 6183-6188 (2003).
115. J. H. Kim, et al., 'Spectroscopic interpretation of silver ion complexation with propylene in silver polymer electrolytes', Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 106, 2786-2790 (2002).
116. T. C. Merkel, et al., 'Olefin/paraffin solubility in a solid polymer electrolyte membrane', Journal of The Chemical Society, Chemical communications, 13, 1596-1597 (2003).
117. T. Suzuki, R. D. Noble and C. A. Koval, 'Electrochemistry, stability and alkene complexation chemistry for copper(I) triflate in aqueous solution', Inorganic Chemistry, 36, 136-140 (1997).
118. H. S. Kim, et al., 'Spectroscopic characterization of cellulose acetate polymer membranes containing Cu(1,3-butadiene)OTf as a facilitated olefin transport carrier', Chemistry of Materials, 13, 1720-1725 (2001).
119. A. Figoli, W. F. C. Sager and M. H. V. Mulder, 'Facilitated oxygen transport in liquid membranes: review and new concepts', Journal of Membrane Science, 181, 97-110 (2001).
120. M. P. Bernal, et al., 'Facilitated transport of O2 through alumina-zeolite composite membranes containing a solution with a reducible metal complex', Journal of Membrane Science, 203, 209-213 (2002).
121. C.-C. Wang, et al., 'Facilitated transport of molecular oxygen in cobalt-chelated copolymer membranes prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization', Journal of Membrane Science, 208, 133-145 (2002).
122. Z.-Y. Zhang, 'Facilitated oxygen transport in a novel silicone polymer membrane containing carboxylic cobalt groups', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 90, 1038-1044 (2003).
123. J. Yang and P. Huang, 'A study of cobalt(II) porphyrins on their oxygen-binding behaviors and oxygen-facilitated transport properties in polymeric membranes', Chemistry of Materials, 12, 2693-2697 (2000).
124. X.-S. Chen, H. Nishide and E. Tsuchida, 'Analysis of facilitated oxygen transport in a liquid membrane of hemoglobin', Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 69, 255-259 (1996).
125. H. Nishide, et al., 'Cobalt porphyrin-mediated oxygen transport in a polymer membrane: effect of the cobalt porphyrin structure on the oxygen-binding reaction, oxygen-diffusion Constants and oxygen-transport efficiency', Journal of Physical Chemistry, 98, 5084-5088 (1994).
126. H. Nishide, X. S. Chen and E. Tsuchida, 'Facilitated oxygen transport with modified and encapsulated hemoglobins across non-flowing solution membrane', Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes and Immobilization Biotechnology, 25, 335-346 (1997).
127. H. Nishide and E. Tsuchida, 'Facilitated transport of oxygen through the membrane of layered cobaltporphyrins', Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 67, 122 (1997).
128. H. Nishide, Y. Tsukahara and E. Tsuchida, 'Highly selective oxygen permeation through a poly(vinylidene dichloride)-cobalt porphyrin membrane: hopping transport of oxygen via the fixed cobalt porphyrin carrier', Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 102, 8766-8770 (1998).
129. T. Suzuki, et al., 'Effect of carrier concentration on the facilitated oxygen transport in a polymer membrane', Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 5, 253-256 (1994).
130. T. Suzuki, et al., 'Effect of an oxygen-binding reaction at the cobalt porphyrin site fixed in a polymer membrane on facilitated oxygen transport', Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 68, 1036-1041 (1995).
131. T. Suzuki, et al., 'Electrochemical measurement of facilitated oxygen transport through a polymer membrane containing cobalt porphyrin as a fixed carrier', Journal of Membrane Science, 112, 155- 160 (1996).
132. T. Suzuki and H. Nishide, 'Effect of the reactivity of cobalt porphyrin carrier on the facilitated oxygen transport in polymer membrane', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 77, 275-276 (1997).
133. X.-S. Chen, H. Nishide and E. Tsuchida, 'Analysis of facilitated oxygen transport in a liquid membrane of hemoglobin', Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 69, 255-259 (1996).
134. B. Shentu and H. Nishide, 'Facilitated oxygen transport membranes of picket-fence cobaltporphyrin complexed with various polymer matrixes', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 42, 5954-5958 (2003).
135. J. M. Yang and G. H. Hsiue, 'Modified styrene- butadiene-styrene block copolymer membranes complexed with (N;N0-disalicylideneethylenediamine) cobalt(II) for oxygen permeation: polymeric axial ligand effect', Journal of Membrane Science, 87, 233-244 (1994).
136. Z. Zhang and S. Lin, 'Facilitated oxygen transport in an ionomer membrane containing cobaltous ions', Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 16, 927-933 (1995).
137. G.-H. Hsiue and J.-S. Yang, 'Polymeric complex membranes based on styrene-diene-styrene triblock copolymers for oxygen enrichment', Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 7, 686-692 (1996).
138. J.-M. Hong and S. W. Lee, Facilitated transport of oxygen in poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-styreneco- 4-vinyl pyridine) terpolymer membrane containing cobalt Schiff base carrier', Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (Seoul), 3, 165-170 (1997).
139. M. J. Choi, C. K. Park and Y. M. Lee, 'Chelate membrane from poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(N-salicylidene allyl amine blend, II. Effect of Co(II) content on oxygen/nitrogen separation', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 58, 2373-2379 (1995).
140. H. Matsuyama, et al., 'Preparation of poly(acrylic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane for the facilitated transport of CO2', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 81, 936-942 (2001).
141. H. Matsuyama, et al., 'Facilitated transport of CO2 through various ion exchange membranes prepared by plasma graft polymerization', Journal of Membrane Science, 117, 251-260 (1996).
142. H. Matsuyama, et al., 'Facilitated transport of CO2 through polyethylenimine/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend membrane', Journal of Membrane Science, 163, 221-227 (1999).
143. A. S. Kovvali, H. Chen and K. K. Sirkar, 'Dendrimer membranes: a CO2-selective molecular gate', Journal of the American Chemical Society, 122, 7594-7595 (2000).
144. A. S. Kovvali and K. K. Sirkar, 'Dendrimer liquid membranes: CO2 separation from gas mixtures', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 40, 2502-2511 (2001).
145. Y. Zhang, Z. Wang and S. Wang, 'Novel fixedcarrier membranes for CO2 separation', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 86, 2222-2226 (2002).
146. M. Teramoto, et al., 'Separation and enrichment of carbon dioxide by capillary membrane module with permeation of carrier solution', Separation and Purification Technology, 30, 215-227 (2003).
147. C. Ahmed, et al., 'Reaction in ion-exchangers: characterization of the ethylenediamine protonation equilibrium in a sulfonic membrane devoted to carbon dioxide facilitated transport', Reactive Polymers, 24, 213-218 (1995).
148. T. Yamaguchi, et al., 'Transport properties of carbon dioxide through amine functionalized carrier membranes', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 34, 4071-4077 (1995).
149. T. Yamaguchi, et al., 'Transport mechanism of carbon dioxide through perfluorosulfonate ionomer membranes containing an amine carrier', Chemical Engineering Science, 51, 4781-4789 (1996).
150. Z. Zeng, W. Xue and Y. Shi, 'Competitive facilitated transport of acid gases in modified carrier membranes', Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4, 349-354 (1996).
151. M. Teramoto, et al., 'Facilitated transport of CO2 through supported liquid membranes of various amine solutions-effects of rate and equilibrium of reaction between CO2 and amine', Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 30, 328-335 (1997).
152. R. Quinn, J. B. Appleby and G. P. Pez, 'New facilitated transport membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from hydrogen and methane', Journal of Membrane Science, 104, 139-146 (1995).
153. A. Higuchi, J. Komiyama and T. Lijima, 'Facilitated transport of CO2 in liquid membrane of CsHCO3 aqueous solution', Sen'i Gakkaishi, 56, 282-289 (2000).
154. S.-W. Park, et al., 'Facilitated transport of carbon dioxide through an immobilized liquid membrane of aqueous carbonate solution with additives', Separation Science and Technology, 35, 2497- 2512 (2000).
155. B. D. Smith, et al., 'Facilitated transport of carbohydrates, catecholamines and amino acids through liquid and plasticized organic membranes', Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry, 32, 121- 131 (1998).
156. M. Di Luccio, et al., 'Separation of fructose from a mixture of sugars using supported liquid membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 174, 217- 224 (2000).
157. J.-F. Verchere, 'Facilitated transport of saccharides through a supported liquid membrane containing a neutral lipophilic resorcinarene carrier', Macromolecular Symposi, 188, 105-116 (2002).
158. T. Rhlalou, et al., 'Facilitated transport of sugars by a resorcinarene through a supported liquid membrane', Journal of Membrane Science, 168, 63-73 (2000).
159. M. Barboiu, et al., 'A new alternative to amino acids transport: facilitated transport of L-phenylalanine by hybrid siloxane membranes containing a fixed site macrocyclic complexant', Journal of Membrane Science, 161, 193-206 (1999).
160. M. Barboiu, et al., 'Facilitated transport of organics of biological interest II. Selective transport of organic acids by macrocyclic fixed site complexant membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 174, 277-286 (2000).
161. S.-W. Park, et al., 'Facilitated transport of sodium phenolate through supported liquid membrane', Separation and Purification Technology, 19, 43- 45 (2000).
162. M. Nutt, D. Crookston and R. Beitle, 'Supported poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels for facilitated transport of histidine', Separation Science and Technology, 35, 785-794 (2000).
163. C. Oxford, et al., 'Effect of chelated metal on amino acid transport in facilitated transport membranes incorporating metal affinity', Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering, 77, 273-274 (1997).
164. C. V. Uglea and M. Croitoru, 'Transport of amino acids through liquid membranes. III. The alkaline ion role', Journal of Membrane Science, 133, 127-131 (1997).
165. T. Shinbo, Y. Shimabukuro and T. Yamaguchi, 'Facilitated transport of naphthalene derivatives through a supported liquid membrane containing a water-soluble cyclophane', Separation Science and Technology, 35, 439-445 (2000).
166. M. Teramoto, et al., 'Facilitated uphill transport of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester through bulk liquid membrane and supported liquid membranes containing silver nitrate as a carrier: a new type of uphill transport', Journal of Membrane Science, 91, 209-213 (1994).
167. H. Matsuyama, et al., 'Facilitated transport of ethyl docosahexaenoate through solution-cast perfluorosulfonated ionomer membranes', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 73, 961-968 (1999).
168. H. Matsuyama, et al., 'Influence of solvents on facilitated transport of ethyl ester of docosahexaenoic acid', Journal of Membrane Science, 159, 1-10 (1999).
169. B. B. Lakshmi and C. R. Martin, Enantioseparation using apoenzymes immobilized in a porous polymeric membrane', Nature, 388, 758-760 (1997).
170. S. P. Kusumocahyo, et al., 'Pervaporation of xylene isomer mixture through cyclodextrins containing polyacrylic acid membranes', Journal of Membrane Science, 231, 127-132 (2004).
171. E. Miyako, et al., 'Enzyme-facilitated enantioselective transport of (S)-ibuprofen through a supported liquid membrane based on ionic liquids', Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 2926-2927 (2003).