Cumulative estrogen exposure, number of menstrual cycles, and Alzheimer's risk in a cohort of British women

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Volumn 38, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 2973-2982

  Fox, Molly ^a   Berzuini, Carlo ^b   Knapp, Leslie A ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's; Dementia; Endogenous hormones; Estrogen; Menstrual cycles; Reproductive history

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANOVULATION; ARTICLE; BREAST FEEDING; DEMENTIA; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FEMALE INFERTILITY; HEALTH HAZARD; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; INTERRATER RELIABILITY; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MENOPAUSE; MENSTRUAL CYCLE; ONSET AGE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE USE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION;

ALZHEIMER'S; DEMENTIA; ENDOGENOUS HORMONES; ESTROGEN; MENSTRUAL CYCLES; REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY;

ADULT; AGE OF ONSET; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; BONE DENSITY; BREAST FEEDING; COGNITION; COHORT STUDIES; CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, HORMONAL; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; MENOPAUSE; MENSTRUATION; MIDDLE AGED; OVULATION; PARITY; POSTMENOPAUSE; PREGNANCY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; REPRODUCTION; REPRODUCTIVE HISTORY;

EID: 84888285836     PISSN: 03064530     EISSN: 18733360     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.08.005     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Asthana S. Estrogen and cognition: the story so far. J. Gerontol. Ser. A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2003, 58:M322-M323.
2. Bagger Y.Z., Tanko L.B., Alexandersen P., Qin G., Christiansen C. Early postmenopausal hormone therapy may prevent cognitive impairment later in life. Menopause 2005, 12:12-17.
3. Barha C.K., Galea L.A.M. Motherhood alters the cellular response to estrogens in the hippocampus later in life. Neurobiol. Aging 2011, 32:2091-2095.
4. Beeri M.S., Rapp M., Schmeidler J., Reichenberg A., Purohit D.P., Perl D.P., Grossman H.T., Prohovnik I., Haroutunian V., Silverman J.M. Number of children is associated with neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease in women. Neurobiol. Aging 2009, 30:1184-1191.
5. Bernstein L., Pike M.C., Ross R.K., Judd H.L., Brown J.B., Henderson B.E. Estrogen and sex hormone-binding globulin levels in nulliparous and parous women. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1985, 74:741-745.
6. Coley N., Andrieu S., Jaros M., Weiner M., Cedarbaum J., Vellas B. Suitability of the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes as a single primary endpoint for Alzheimer's disease trials. Alzheimer's Dement. 2011, 7:602-610.
7. Colucci M., Cammarata S., Assini A., Croce R., Clerici F., Novello C., Mazzella L., Dagnino N., Mariani C., Tanganelli P. The number of pregnancies is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Eur. J. Neurol. 2006, 13:1374-1377.
8. Corbo R.M., Gambina G., Ulizzi L., Monini P., Broggio E., Rosano A., Scacchi R. Combined effect of apolipoprotein e genotype and past fertility on age at onset of Alzheimer's disease in women. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 2007, 24:82-85.
9. Cosgrave M., Tyrrell J., McCarron M., Gill M., Lawlor B. Age at onset of dementia and age of menopause in women with Down's syndrome. J. Intellect. Disabil. Res. 1999, 43:461-465.
10. Deslypere J., Verdonck L., Vermeulen A. Fat tissue: a steroid reservoir and site of steroid metabolism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1985, 61:564-570.
11. Dunkin J., Rasgon N., Wagner-Steh K., David S., Altshuler L., Rapkin A. Reproductive events modify the effects of estrogen replacement therapy on cognition in healthy postmenopausal women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005, 30:284-296.
12. Ellison P.T., Panter-Brick C., Lipson S.F., O'Rourke M.T. The ecological context of human ovarian function. Hum. Reprod. 1993, 8:2248-2258.
13. Fitzpatrick A.L., Kuller L.H., Lopez O.L., Diehr P., O'Meara E.S., Longstreth W., Luchsinger J.A. Midlife and late-life obesity and the risk of dementia: cardiovascular health study. Arch. Neurol. 2009, 66:336-342.
14. Fox M., Berzuini C., Knapp L.A. Maternal breastfeeding history and Alzheimer's risk. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2013, 37. (in press). 10.3233/JAD-130152.
15. Geerlings M.I., Ruitenberg A., Witteman J.C.M., van Swieten J.C., Hofman A., van Duijn C.M., Breteler M.M.B., Launer L.J. Reproductive period and risk of dementia in postmenopausal women. JAMA 2001, 285:1475-1481.
16. Gray R.H., Campbell O.M., Apelo R., Eslami S.S., Zacur H., Ramos R.M., Gehret J.C., Labbok M.H. Risk of ovulation during lactation. Lancet 1990, 335:25-29.
17. Gustafson D., Rothenberg E., Blennow K., Steen B., Skoog I. An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 2003, 163:1524-1528.
18. Henderson V., Guthrie J., Dudley E., Burger H., Dennerstein L. Estrogen exposures and memory at midlife: a population-based study of women. Neurology 2003, 60:1369-1371.
19. Heys M. Life course determinants of cognitive function and cardiovascular risk. Public Health PhD 2010, University of Hong Kong.
20. Heys M., Jiang C., Cheng K.K., Zhang W., Yeung S.L.A., Lam T.H., Leung G.M., Schooling C.M. Life long endogenous estrogen exposure and later adulthood cognitive function in a population of naturally postmenopausal women from Southern China: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011, 36:864-873.
21. Hong X., Zhang X., Li H. A case-control study of endogenous estrogen and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi=Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 2001, 22:379-382.
22. Ito M., Yamada M., Hayashi K., Ohki M., Uetani M., Nakamura T. Relation of early menarche to high bone mineral density. Calcif. Tissue Int. 1995, 57:11-14.
23. Kim J., Stewart R., Shin I., Yoon J. Limb length and dementia in an older Korean population. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2003, 74:427-432.
24. Lebrun C.E.I., Van Der Schouw Y.T., De Jong F.H., Pols H.A.P., Grobbee D.E., Lamberts S.W.J. Endogenous oestrogens are related to cognition in healthy elderly women. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 2005, 63:50-55.
25. Low L.F., Anstey K., Jorm A., Rodgers B., Christensen H. Reproductive period and cognitive function in a representative sample of naturally postmenopausal women aged 60-64 years. Climacteric 2005, 8:380-389.
26. McLay R.N., Maki P.M., Lyketsos C.G. Nulliparity and late menopause are associated with decreased cognitive decline. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2003, 15:161-167.
27. Morinaga A., Hirohata M., Ono K., Yamada M. Estrogen has anti-amyloidogenic effects on Alzheimer's β-amyloid fibrils in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2007, 359:697-702.
28. Morinaga A., Ono K., Takasaki J., Ikeda T., Hirohata M., Yamada M. Effects of sex hormones on Alzheimer's disease-associated β-amyloid oligomer formation in vitro. Exp. Neurol. 2011, 228:298-302.
29. Morris J.C. Clinical dementia rating: a reliable and valid diagnostic and staging measure for dementia of the Alzheimer type. Int. Psychogeriatr. 1997, 9:173-176.
30. Murphy S., Khaw K.T., May H., Compston J.E. Parity and bone mineral density in middle-aged women. Osteoporos. Int. 1994, 4:162-166.
31. Newman A.B., Fitzpatrick A.L., Lopez O., Jackson S., Lyketsos C., Jagust W., Ives D., DeKosky S.T., Kuller L.H. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease incidence in relationship to cardiovascular disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study cohort. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2005, 53:1101-1107.
32. O'Bryant S.E., Waring S.C., Cullum C.M., Hall J., Lacritz L., Massman P.J., Lupo P.J., Reisch J.S., Doody R. Staging dementia using Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes scores: a Texas Alzheimer's research consortium study. Arch. Neurol. 2008, 65:1091-1095.
33. Paganini-Hill A., Henderson V.W. Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1994, 140:256-261.
34. Ptok U., Barkow K., Heun R. Fertility and number of children in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Arch. Womens Ment. Health 2002, 5:83-86.
35. Rasgon N., Jarvik L. Insulin resistance, affective disorders, and Alzheimer's disease: review and hypothesis. J. Gerontol. Ser. A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2004, 59:M178-M183.
36. Rasgon N.L., Magnusson C., Johansson A.L.V., Pedersen N.L., Elman S., Gatz M. Endogenous and exogenous hormone exposure and risk of cognitive impairment in Swedish twins: a preliminary study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005, 30:558-567.
37. Reisberg B., Jamil I., Kham S., Monteiro I., Torossian C., Ferris S., Sabbagh M., Gautheir S., Auer S., Shulman M., Kluger A., Franssen E., Wegiel J. Staging dementia. Principles and Practice of Geriatric Psychiatry 2010, 162-169. John Wiley & Sons. M.T. Abou-Saleh, C.L.E. Katona, A. Kumar (Eds.).
38. Ryan J., Carriere I., Scali J., Ritchie K., Ancelin M.L. Life-time estrogen exposure and cognitive functioning in later life. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:287-298.
39. Schupf N., Pang D., Patel B.N., Silverman W., Schubert R., Lai F., Kline J.K., Stern Y., Ferin M., Tycko B. Onset of dementia is associated with age at menopause in women with Down's syndrome. Ann. Neurol. 2003, 54:433-438.
40. Shumaker S.A., Reboussin B.A., Espeland M.A., Rapp S.R., McBee W.L., Dailey M., Bowen D., Terrell T., Jones B.N. The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS): a trial of the effect of estrogen therapy in preventing and slowing the progression of dementia. Control. Clin. Trials 1998, 19:604-621.
41. Smith C., McCleary C., Murdock G., Wilshire T., Buckwalter D., Bretsky P., Marmol L., Gorsuch R., Buckwalter J. Lifelong estrogen exposure and cognitive performance in elderly women. Brain Cogn. 1999, 39:203-218.
42. Sobow T., Kloszewska I. Modulation of age at onset in late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease by estrogen-related factors: the age of menopause and number of pregnancies. German J. Psychiatry 2003, 6:49-55.
43. Sobow T., Kutter E.P., Kloszewska I. Hormonal decline indicator in women (age at menopause) modifies age of onset in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer Rep. 1999, 2:27-30.
44. Szymczak J., Milewicz A., Thijssen J.H.H., Blankenstein M.A., Daroszewski J. Concentration of sex steroids in adipose tissue after menopause. Steroids 1998, 63:319-321.
45. Tan Z.S., Seshadri S., Beiser A., Zhang Y., Felson D., Hannan M.T., Au R., Wolf P.A., Kiel D.P. Bone mineral density and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 2005, 62:107.
46. Tulchinsky D. The postpartum period. Maternal-fetal endocrinology 1980, 144-168. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, (Chapter 9). D. Tulchinsky, K.J. Ryan (Eds.).
47. Tulchinsky D., Little A.B. Maternal-fetal endocrinology 1994, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. Second edition.
48. Whalley L.J., Fox H.C., Starr J.M., Deary I.J. Age at natural menopause and cognition. Maturitas 2004, 49:148-156.
49. Whitmer R.A., Quesenberry C.P., Zhou J., Yaffe K. Timing of hormone therapy and dementia: the critical window theory revisited. Ann. Neurol. 2011, 69:163-169.
50. Zandi P.P., Carlson M.C., Plassman B.L., Welsh-Bohmer K.A., Mayer L.S., Steffens D.C., Breitner J.C. Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of Alzheimer disease in older women: the Cache County Study. JAMA 2002, 288:2123-2129.