LC-MS as a method for non-invasive measurement of steroid hormones and their metabolites in urine and faeces of animals

Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift

Volumn 100, Issue 9-10, 2013, Pages 247-254

  Murtagh, R ^a   Behringer, V ^a   Deschner, T ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Bio fluids; LC MS; Non invasive sampling; Review; Steroid hormones

Indexed keywords

EID: 84886665960     PISSN: 0043535X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. AEBERSOLD, R., MANN, M. (2003): Mass spectrometrybased proteomics. Nature 422, 198-207.
2. ANESTIS, S. F. (2011): Primate personality and behavioral endocrinology. In: WEISS, A., KING, J. E., MURRAY, L. (eds.): Personality and temperament in nonhuman primates. Springer New York, p. 169-192.
3. ® liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry technology in drug discovery. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 12, 1216-1222.
4. BEERDA, B. (1996): The use of saliva cortisol, urinary cortisol, and catecholamine measurements for a noninvasive assessment of stress responses in dogs. Horm Behav 30, 272-279.
5. BEHRINGER, V., HOHMANN, G., STEVENS, J. M. G., WELTRING, A., DESCHNER, T. (2012): Adrenarche in bonobos (Pan paniscus): evidence from ontogenetic changes in urinary dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate levels. J Endocrinol 214, 55-65.
6. BLANCA, J., MUÑOZ, P., MORGADO, M., MÉNDEZ, N., ARANDA, A., REUVERS, T., HOOGHUIS, H. (2005): Determination of clenbuterol, ractopamine and zilpaterol in liver and urine by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 529, 199-205.
7. nd Int. ed.), Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia.
8. CROCKFORD, C., WITTIG, R. M., LANGERGRABER, K., ZIEGLER, T. E., ZUBERBUHLER, K., DESCHNER, T. (2013): Urinary oxytocin and social bonding in related and unrelated wild chimpanzees. Proc Royal Soc B 280, 20122765.
9. DANACEAU, J. P., SCOTT MORRISON, M., SLAWSON, M. H. (2008): Quantitative confirmation of testosterone and epitestosterone in human urine by LC/Q-ToF mass spectrometry for doping control. J Mass Spectrom 43, 993-1000.
10. DEHNHARD, M., JEWGENOW, K. (2013): Measurement of faecal prostaglandins in felids and three ursid species. Wien Tierärztl Monat - Vet Med Austria 100, 227-237.
11. DEVENTER, K., EENOO, P. V., DELBEKE, F.T. (2006): Screening for anabolic steroids in doping analysis by liquid chromatography/electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 20, 429-433.
12. DE HOFFMANN, E. (2005): Mass spectrometry. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ, USA.
13. DUFTY, A. M., CLOBERT, J., MØLLER, A. P. (2002): Hormones, developmental plasticity and adaptation. Trends Ecol Evol 17, 190-196.
14. EECKHAUT, A. VAN, LANCKMANS, K., SARRE, S., SMOLDERS, I., MICHOTTE, Y. (2009): Validation of bioanalytical LC-MS/MS assays: evaluation of matrix effects. J Chromatogr B 877, 2198-2207.
15. EMERY THOMPSON, M. (2005): Reproductive endocrinology of wild female Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): methodological considerations and the role of hormones in sex and conception. Am J Primatol 67, 137-158.
16. FANELLI, F., BELLUOMO, I., LALLO, V. D. DI, CUOMO, G., ASIO, R. DE, BACCINI, M., CASADIO, E., CASETTA, B., VICENNATI, V., GAMBINERI, A., GROSSI, G., PASQUALI, R., PAGOTTO, U. (2011): Serum steroid profiling by isotopic dilution-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Comparison with current immunoassays and reference intervals in healthy adults. Steroids 76, 244-253.
17. FUCHS, E., KIRSCHBAUM, C., BENISCH, D., BIESER, A. (1997): Salivary cortisol: a non-invasive measure of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical activity in the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus. Lab Anim 31, 306-311.
18. GODWIN, J., LUCKENBACH, J. A., BORSKI, R. J. (2002): Ecology meets endocrinology: environmental sex determination in fishes. Evol Development 5, 40-49.
19. GOMES, R. L., MEREDITH, W., SNAPE, C. E., SEPHTON, M. A. (2008): Conjugated steroids: analytical approaches and applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 393, 453-458.
20. GOMES, R. L., MEREDITH, W., SNAPE, C. E., SEPHTON, M. A. (2009): Analysis of conjugated steroid androgens: Deconjugation, derivatisation and associated issues. J Pharm Biomed Analysis 49, 1133-1140.
21. HAGEY, L. R., CZEKALA, N. M. (2003): Comparative urinary androstanes in the great apes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 130, 64-69.
22. HALKET, J. M. (2004): Chemical derivatization and mass spectral libraries in metabolic profiling by GC/MS and LC/MS/MS. J Exp Botany 56, 219-243.
23. HAUSER, B., DESCHNER, T., BOESCH, C. (2008a): Development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 23 endogenous steroids in small quantities of primate urine. J Chromatogr B 862, 100-112.
24. HAUSER, B., SCHULZ, D., BOESCH, C., DESCHNER, T. (2008b): Measuring urinary testosterone levels of the great apes - Problems with enzymatic hydrolysis using Helix pomatia juice. Gen Comp Endocrinol 158, 77-86.
25. HAUSER, B., MUGISHA, L., PREIS, A., DESCHNER, T. (2011): LC-MS analysis of androgen metabolites in serum and urine from east African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Gen Comp Endocrinol 170, 92-98.
26. HEISTERMANN, M., PALME, R., GANSWINDT, A. (2006): Comparison of different enzyme immunoassays for assessment of adrenocortical activity in primates based on fecal analysis. Am J Primatol 68, 257-273.
27. HSU, C. S., DECHERT, G. J., ROBBINS, W. K., FUKUDA, E. K. (2000): Naphthenic acids in crude oils characterized by mass spectrometry. Energy Fuels 14, 217-223.
28. KAKLAMANOS, G., THEODORIDIS, G., DABALIS, T. (2009): Determination of anabolic steroids in bovine urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 877, 2330-2336.
29. KOAL, T., SCHMIEDERER, D., PHAM-TUAN, H., RÖHRING, C., RAUH, M. (2012): Standardized LC-MS/MS based steroid hormone profile-analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 129, 129-138.
30. KOTLOWSKA, A. (2012): Application of steroid hormone metabolomics in search of biomarkers in clinical research. Drug Development Res 73, 381-389.
31. KRONE, N., HUGHES, B. A., LAVERY, G. G., STEWART, P. M., ARLT, W., SHACKLETON, C. H. L. (2010): Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) remains a pre-eminent discovery tool in clinical steroid investigations even in the era of fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 121, 496-504.
32. KUTSUKAKE, N., IKEDA, K., HONMA, S., TERAMOTO, M., MORI, Y., HAYASAKA, I., YAMAMOTO, R., ISHIDA, T., YOSHIKAWA, Y., HASEGAWA, T. (2009): Validation of salivary cortisol and testosterone assays in chimpanzees by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Am J Primatol 71, 696-706.
33. LIU, Y., UBOH, C. E., SOMA, L. R., LI, X., GUAN, F., YOU, Y., RUDY, J. A., CHEN, J.-W. (2011): Detection and confirmation of 60 anabolic and androgenic steroids in equine plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with instant library searching. Drug Testing Analysis 3, 54-67.
34. LUTZ, U., LUTZ, R. W., LUTZ, W. K. (2006): Metabolic profiling of glucuronides in human urine by LC-MS/MS and partial least-squares discriminant analysis for classification and prediction of gender. Anal Chem 78, 4564-4571.
35. MARVIN, C. H., SMITH, R. W., BRYANT, D. W., MCCARRY, B. E. (1999): Analysis of high-molecular-mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 863, 13-24.
36. MATTERN, G. C., LIU, C. H., LOUIS, J. B., ROSEN, J. D. (1991): GC/MS and LC/MS determination of 20 pesticides for which dietary oncogenic risk has been estimated. J Agri Food Chem 39, 700-704.
37. MAURER, H. H. (2005): Multi-analyte procedures for screening for and quantification of drugs in blood, plasma, or serum by liquid chromatography-single stage or tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS or LC-MS/MS) relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology. Clin Biochem 38, 310-318.
38. MAURER, H. H. (2007): Current role of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in clinical and forensic toxicology. Anal Bioanal Chem 388, 1315-1325.
39. th ed.), John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Chichester, U. K.
40. MÖHLE, U., HEISTERMANN, M., PALME, R., HODGES, J. K. (2002): Characterization of urinary and fecal metabolites of testosterone and their measurement for assessing gonadal endocrine function in male nonhuman primates. Gen Comp Endocrinol 129, 135-145.
41. MÖSTL, E., PALME, R. (2002): Hormones as indicators of stress. Dom Anim Endocrinol 23, 67-74.
42. MÖSTL, E., RETTENBACHER, S., PALME, R. (2005): Measurement of corticosterone metabolites in birds' droppings: an analytical approach. Ann NY Acad Sci 1046, 17-34.
43. MUEHLENBEIN, M. P (2006): Intestinal parasite infections and fecal steroid levels in wild chimpanzees. Am J Phys Anthropol 130, 546-550.
44. MULLER, M. N., LIPSON, S. F. (2003): Diurnal patterns of urinary steroid excretion in wild chimpanzees. Am J Primatol 60, 161-166.
45. NÚÑEZ, O., MOYANO, E.; GALCERAN, M. T. (2005): LC-MS/MS analysis of organic toxics in food. Trends Anal Chem 24, 683-703.
46. 14C-steroid hormones via faeces and urine in domestic livestock. Anim Reprod Sci 43, 43-63.
47. PALME, R. (2005): Measuring fecal steroids: guidelines for practical application. Ann NY Acad Sci 1046, 75-80.
48. PREIS, A., MUGISHA, L., HAUSER, B., WELTRING, A., DESCHNER, T. (2011): Androgen and androgen metabolite levels in serum and urine of East African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Comparison of EIA and LC-MS analyses. Gen Comp Endocrinol 174, 335-343.
49. RAEM, A. M., RAUCH, P. (2007): Immunoassays. Elsevier Spektrum, München, Heidelberg.
50. RASHED, M. S. (2001): Clinical applications of tandem mass spectrometry: ten years of diagnosis and screening for inherited metabolic diseases. J Chromatogr B 758, 27-48.
51. RAUH, M. (2009): Steroid measurement with LC-MS/MS in pediatric endocrinology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 301, 272-281.
52. ROSNER, W., AUCHUS, R. J., AZZIZ, R., SLUSS, P. M., RAFF, H. (2006): Utility, limitations, and pitfalls in measuring testosterone: an endocrine society position statement. J Clin Endocrinol Met 92, 405-413.
53. SCHWARZENBERGER, F., MÖSTL, E., PALME, R., BAMBERG, E. (1996): Faecal steroid analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in farm, wild and zoo animals. Anim Reprod Sci 42, 515-526.
54. SHACKLETON, C. (2010): Clinical steroid mass spectrometry: A 45-year history culminating in HPLC-MS/MS becoming an essential tool for patient diagnosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 121, 481-490.
55. SHEN, M., YAN, H., XIANG, P., SHEN, B. (2009): Simultaneous determination of anabolic androgenic steroids and their esters in hair by LC-MS-MS. Chromatographia 70, 1381-1386.
56. SHIMIZU, K., UDONO, T., TANAKA, C., NARUSHIMA, E., YOSHIHARA, M., TAKEDA, M., TANAHASHI, A., ELSACKAR, L. VAN, HAYASHI, M., TAKENAKA, O. (2003): Comparative study of urinary reproductive hormones in great apes. Primates 44, 183-190.
57. SOBOLEWSKI, M. E., BROWN, J. L., MITANI, J. C. (2012): Territoriality, tolerance and testosterone in wild chimpanzees. Anim Beh 84, 1469-1474.
58. SURBECK, M., DESCHNER, T., SCHUBERT, G., WELTRING, A., HOHMANN, G. (2012a): Mate competition, testosterone and intersexual relationships in bonobos, Pan paniscus. Anim Beh 83, 659-669.
59. SURBECK, M., DESCHNER, T., WELTRING, A., HOHMANN, G. (2012b): Social correlates of variation in urinary cortisol in wild male bonobos (Pan paniscus). Horm Beh 62, 27-35.
60. SWARTZ, M. E. (2005): UPLC™: an introduction and review. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol 28, 1253-1263.
61. THEVIS, M., SCHÄNZER, W. (2007): Current role of LC-MS (/MS) in doping control. Anal Bioanal Chem 388, 1351-1358.
62. THIENPONT, L. M., UYTFANGHE, K. VAN, BLINCKO, S., RAMSAY, C. S., XIE, H., DOSS, R. C., KEEVIL, B. G., OWEN, L. J., ROCKWOOD, A. L., KUSHNIR, M. M., CHUN, K. Y., CHANDLER, D. W., FIELD, H. P., SLUSS, P. M. (2008): State-of-the-art of serum testosterone measurement by isotope dilution - liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 54, 1290-1297.
63. TÖLGYESI, Á., SHARMA, V. K., KOVACSICS, L., FEKETE, J. (2010): Quantification of corticosteroids in bovine urine using selective solid phase extraction and reversedphase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 878, 1471-1479.
64. VAN POUCKE, C., VAN PETEGHEM, C. (2002): Development and validation of a multi-analyte method for the detection of anabolic steroids in bovine urine with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 772, 211-217.
65. WASSER, S. K., AZKARATE, J. C., BOOTH, R. K., HAYWARD, L., HUNT, K., AYRES, K., VYNNE, C., GOBUSH, K., CANALES-ESPINOSA, D., RODRÍGUEZ-LUNA, E. (2010): Non-invasive measurement of thyroid hormone in feces of a diverse array of avian and mammalian species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 168, 1-7.
66. WELTRING, A., SCHAEBS, F. S., PERRY, S. E., DESCHNER, T (2012): Simultaneous measurement of endogenous steroid hormones and their metabolites with LC-MS/MS in faeces of a New World primate species, Cebus capucinus. Physiol Beh 105, 510-521.
67. WILSON, M. I., BROWN, G. M., WILSON, D., (1978): Annual and diurnal changes in plasma androgen and cortisol in adult male squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) studied longitudinally. Eur J Endocrinol 87, 424-433.
68. WINGFIELD, J. C., JACOBS, J., HILLGARTH, N. (2006): Ecological constraints and the evolution of hormonebehavior interrelationships. Ann NY Acad Sci 807, 22-41.
69. WU, A. H., GERONA, R., ARMENIAN, P., FRENCH, D., PETRIE, M., LYNCH, K. L. (2012): Role of liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR/MS) in clinical toxicology. Clin Toxicol 50, 733-742.
70. WUDY, S. A., HARTMANN, M. F. (2004): Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling of steroids in times of molecular biology. Horm Met Res 36, 415-422.
71. ZIEGLER, T. (1996): Hormonal responses to parental and nonparental conditions in male cotton-top tamarins, Saguinus oedipus, a new world primate. Horm Behav 30, 287-297.