Sulfur dioxide (SO2) as observed by MIPAS/Envisat: Temporal development and spatial distribution at 15-45 km altitude

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 13, Issue 20, 2013, Pages 10405-10423

  Hopfner M ^a   Glatthor, N ^a   Grabowski, U ^a   Kellmann, S ^a   Kiefer, M ^a   Linden, A ^a   Orphal, J ^a   Stiller, G ^a   Von Clarmann, T ^a   Funke, B ^b   Boone, C D ^c  

^a KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^b INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE ANDALUCÍA CSIC   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CARBONYL COMPOUND; CLIMATOLOGY; ENVISAT-1; ERROR ANALYSIS; MIXING RATIO; SOLAR CYCLE; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; STRATOSPHERE; SULFUR DIOXIDE; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 84886643577     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-13-10405-2013     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Belmont, A. D. and Dartt, D. G.: Semiannual variation in zonal wind from 20 to 65km at 80° N-10° S, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 6373, doi:10.1029/JC078i027p06373, 1973.
2. Bourassa, A. E., Robock, A., Randel, W. J., Deshler, T., Rieger, L. A., Lloyd, N. D., Llewellyn, E. J., and Degen-stein, D. A.: Large volcanic aerosol load in the Stratosphere linked to Asian monsoon transport, Science, 337, 78-81, doi:10.1126/science.1219371, 2012.
3. Bourassa, A. E., Robock, A., Randel, W. J., Deshler, T., Rieger, L. A., Lloyd, N. D., Llewellyn, E. J., and Degen-stein, D. A.: Response to Comments on "Large Volcanic Aerosol Load in the Stratosphere Linked to Asian Monsoon Transport", Science, 339, 647, doi:10.1126/science.1227961, 2013.
4. Brühl, C., Lelieveld, J., Crutzen, P. J., and Tost, H.: The role of carbonyl sulphide as a source of stratospheric sulphate aerosol and its impact on climate, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 1239-1253, doi:10.5194/acp-12-1239-2012, 2012.
5. 2 and sulphate aerosol, model simulations and satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 13, 11395-11425, doi:10.5194/acpd-13-11395-2013, 2013.
6. Burgess, A. B., Grainger, R. G., and Dudhia, A.: Progress in the retrieval of sulphur species from MIPAS, in: Envisat ERS Symposium, ESA Special Publication, vol. 572, 2005.
7. Carboni, E., Grainger, R., Walker, J., Dudhia, A., and Sid-dans, R.: A new scheme for sulphur dioxide retrieval from IASI measurements: application to the Eyjafjallajökull eruption of April and May 2010, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 11417-11434, doi:10.5194/acp-12-11417-2012, 2012.
8. 2 release from Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L00E22, doi:10.1029/2010GL044971, 2010.
9. Clarisse, L., Hurtmans, D., Clerbaux, C., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Ngadi, Y., and Coheur, P.-F.: Retrieval of sulphur dioxide from the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI), Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 581-594, doi:10.5194/amt-5-581-2012, 2012.
10. Cole, P., Bass, V., Christopher, C., Fergus, M., Gunn, L., Odbert, H., Simpson, R., Stewart, R., Stinton, A., Stone, J., Syers, R., Robertson, R., Watts, R., and Williams, P.: Report to the Scientific Advisory Committee on Montserrat Volcanic Activity, Report on Activity between 15 August 2009 and 28 February 2010, Tech. rep., Montserrat Volcano Observatory, open File Report OFR 10-01a, 2010.
11. Crutzen, P. J.: The possible importance of CSO for the sul-fate layer of the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 73-76, doi:10.1029/GL003i002p00073, 1976.
12. Delisi, D. P. and Dunkerton, T. J.: Seasonal variation of the semiannual oscillation., J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2772-2809, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1988)0452.0. CO;2, 1988.
13. Deshler, T., Anderson-Sprecher, R., Jäger, H., Barnes, J., Hofmann, D. J., Clemesha, B., Simonich, D., Osborn, M., Grainger, R. G., and Godin-Beekmann, S.: Trends in the nonvolcanic component of stratospheric aerosol over the period 1971-2004, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D01201, doi:10.1029/ 2005JD006089, 2006.
14. 2 from the Sarychev volcanic eruption using data from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), J. Geophys. Res., 117, D03203, doi:10.1029/2011JD016556, 2012.
15. Echle, G., von Clarmann, T., and Oelhaf, H.: Optical and micro-physical parameters of the Mt. Pinatubo aerosol as determined from MIPAS-B mid-IR limb emission spectra, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19193-19211, doi:10.1029/98JD01363, 1998. (Pubitemid 128700030)
16. Fischer, H., Birk, M., Blom, C., Carli, B., Carlotti, M., von Clar-mann, T., Delbouille, L., Dudhia, A., Ehhalt, D., Endemann, M., Flaud, J. M., Gessner, R., Kleinert, A., Koopman, R., Langen, J., López-Puertas, M., Mosner, P., Nett, H., Oelhaf, H., Perron, G., Remedios, J., Ridolfi, M., Stiller, G., and Zander, R.: MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2151-2188, doi:10.5194/acp-8-2151-2008, 2008.
17. Fromm, M., Nedoluha, G., and Charvát, Z.: Comment on "Large Volcanic Aerosol Load in the Stratosphere Linked to Asian Monsoon Transport", Science, 339, 647, doi:10.1126/science.1228605, 2013.
18. Garcia, R. R., Dunkerton, T. J., Lieberman, R. S., and Vincent, R. A.: Climatology of the semiannual oscillation of the tropical middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26019-26032, doi:10.1029/97JD00207, 1997. (Pubitemid 127682899)
19. Hofmann, D., Barnes, J., O'Neill, M., Trudeau, M., and Neely, R.: Increase in background stratospheric aerosol observed with li-dar at Mauna Loa Observatory and Boulder, Colorado, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15808, doi:10.1029/2009GL039008, 2009.
20. Hofmann, D. J.: Measurement of the condensation nuclei profile to 31km in the Arctic in January 1989 and comparisons with Antarctic measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 357-360, doi:10.1029/GL017i004p00357, 1990.
21. Hofmann, D. J. and Rosen, J. M.: Antarctic observations of stratospheric aerosol and high altitude condensation nuclei following the El Chichon eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 13-16, doi:10.1029/GL012i001p00013, 1985. (Pubitemid 15457731)
22. 2 observed by MIPAS, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1735-1746, doi:10.5194/acp-9-1735-2009, 2009a.
23. Höpfner, M., Pitts, M. C., and Poole, L. R.: Comparison between CALIPSO and MIPAS observations of polar stratospheric clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00H05, doi:10.1029/2009JD012114, 2009b.
24. Inn, E. C. Y. and Vedder, J. F.: Measurements of stratospheric sulfur constituents, Geophys. Res. Lett., 8, 5-8, 1981.
25. 2 measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 517-519, 1976.
26. 3 in the aged plume of volcano Kasatochi, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00L17, doi:10.1029/2010JD013890, 2010.
27. Kiefer, M., von Clarmann, T., Grabowski, U., De Laurentis, M., Mantovani, R., Milz, M., and Ridolfi, M.: Characterization of MIPAS elevation pointing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1615-1628, doi:10.5194/acp-7-1615-2007, 2007. (Pubitemid 46493339)
28. 3 observations in 2002-2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7723-7738, doi:10.5194/acp-10-7723-2010, 2010.
29. Meixner, F. X.: The vertical sulfur dioxide distribution at the tropopause level, J. Atmos. Chem., 2, 175-189, 1984.
30. Mills, M. J., Toon, O. B., and Solomon, S.: A 2D microphysical model of the polar stratospheric CN layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1133-1136, doi:10.1029/1999GL900187, 1999. (Pubitemid 29390841)
31. Mills, M. J., Toon, O. B., Vaida, V., Hintze, P. E., Kjaer-gaard, H. G., Schofield, D. P., and Robinson, T. W.: Photolysis of sulfuric acid vapor by visible light as a source of the polar stratospheric CN layer, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D08201, doi:10.1029/2004JD005519, 2005. (Pubitemid 40899645)
32. Möhler, O. and Arnold, F.: Gaseous sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide measurements in the Arctic troposphere and lower stratosphere: implications for hydroxyl radical abundances, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1763-1766, 1992. (Pubitemid 23375591)
33. 2 from Asia have minimal impact on stratospheric aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 999-1004, doi:10.1002/grl.50263, 2013.
34. Piccolo, C. and Dudhia, A.: Precision validation of MIPAS-Envisat products, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1915-1923, doi:10.5194/acp-7-1915-2007, 2007. (Pubitemid 46615538)
35. Ray, E. A., Alexander, M. J., and Holton, J. R.: An analysis of the structure and forcing of the equatorial semiannual oscillation in zonal wind, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 1759-1774, doi:10.1029/97JD02679, 1998.
36. 2 from the Mount Pinatubo volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1299-1302, doi:10.1029/93GL00831, 1993. (Pubitemid 24395311)
37. 4 photolysis: a source of sulfur dioxide in the upper stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1109-1112, doi:10.1029/95GL00917, 1995.
38. Rodgers, C. D.: Inverse Methods for Atmospheric Sounding: Theory and Practice, vol. 2, edited by: Taylor, F. W., Series on Atmospheric, Ocean. Planet. Phys., World Scientific, 2000.
39. Rosen, J. M. and Hofmann, D. J.: Unusual behavior in the condensation nuclei concentration at 30 km, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3725-3731, doi:10.1029/JC088iC06p03725, 1983. (Pubitemid 14474183)
40. Rothman, L. S., Gordon, I. E., Barbe, A., Benner, D. C., Bernath, P. F., Birk, M., Boudon, V., Brown, L. R., Campar-gue, A., Champion, J.-P., Chance, K., Coudert, L. H., Dana, V., Devi, V. M., Fally, S., Flaud, J.-M., Gamache, R. R., Goldman, A., Jacquemart, D., Kleiner, I., Lacome, N., Lafferty, W. J., Mandin, J.-Y., Massie, S. T., Mikhailenko, S. N., Miller, C. E., Moazzen-Ahmadi, N., Naumenko, O. V., Nikitin, A. V., Or-phal, J., Perevalov, V. I., Perrin, A., Predoi-Cross, A., Rins-land, C. P., Rotger, M., Šimec?ková, M., Smith, M. A. H., Sung, K., Tashkun, S. A., Tennyson, J., Toth, R. A., Van-daele, A. C., and Vander Auwera, J.: The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic database, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 110, 533-572, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.013, 2009.
41. Solomon, S., Daniel, J. S., Neely, R. R., Vernier, J.-P., Dutton, E. G., and Thomason, L. W.: The persistently variable "Background" stratospheric aerosol layer and global climate change, Science, 333, 866-870, doi:10.1126/science.1206027, 2011.
42. Spang, R., Remedios, J. J., and Barkley, M. P.: Colour indices for the detection and differentiation of cloud types in infra-red limb emission spectra, Adv. Space Res., 33, 1041-1047, 2004. (Pubitemid 38536706)
43. SPARC: Assessment of Stratospheric Aerosol Properties (ASAP), SPARC Report No. 4, WCRP-124, WMO/TD-No. 1295, February 2006, edited by: Thomason, L. and Peter, T., 2006.
44. Steck, T.: Methods for determining regularization for atmospheric retrieval problems, Appl. Opt., 41, 1788-1797, 2002. (Pubitemid 34771623)
45. Stiller, G. P.: The Karlsruhe Optimized and Precise Radiative Transfer Algorithm (KOPRA), vol. FZKA 6487, Wissenschaftliche Berichte, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 2000.
46. Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Haenel, F., Funke, B., Glatthor, N., Grabowski, U., Kellmann, S., Kiefer, M., Linden, A., Lossow, S., and López-Puertas, M.: Observed temporal evolution of global mean age of stratospheric air for the 2002 to 2010 period, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 3311-3331, doi:10.5194/acp-12-3311-2012, 2012.
47. Surono, Jousset, P., Pallister, J., Boichu, M., Buongiorno, M. F., Budisantoso, A., Costa, F., Andreastuti, S., Prata, F., Schneider, D., Clarisse, L., Humaida, H., Sumarti, S., Bignami, C., Griswold, J., Carn, S., Oppenheimer, C., and Lavigne, F.: The 2010 explosive eruption of Java's Merapi volcano-A "100-year" event, J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 241, 121-135, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.018, 2012.
48. 2 fluxes derived from satellite data: a survey using OMI, GOME-2, IASI and MODIS, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 12, 31349-31412, doi:10.5194/acpd-12-31349-2012, 2012.
49. Thornton, D. C., Bandy, A. R., Blomquist, B. W., Driedger, A. R., and Wade, T. P.: Sulfur dioxide distribution over the Pacific Ocean 1991-1996, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5845-5854, 1999. (Pubitemid 29348069)
50. Tikhonov, A.: On the solution of incorrectly stated problems and method of regularization, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, 151, 501-504, 1963.
51. Trepte, C. R. and Hitchman, M. H.: Tropical stratospheric circulation deduced from satellite aerosol data, Nature, 355, 626-628, doi:10.1038/355626a0, 1992.
52. Vaida, V., Kjaergaard, H. G., Hintze, P. E., and Donaldson, D. J.: Photolysis of sulfuric acid vapor by visible solar radiation, Science, 299, 1566-1568, doi:10.1126/science.1079297, 2003. (Pubitemid 36297704)
53. 2 plume height retrieval from direct fitting of GOME-2 backscattered radiance measurements, in: 39th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, 14-22 July 2012, Mysore, India, Abstract C0.3-1-12, p.2048, vol. 39, COSPAR Meeting, 2012.
54. Vernier, J.-P., Thomason, L. W., Pommereau, J.-P., Bourassa, A., Pelon, J., Garnier, A., Hauchecorne, A., Blanot, L., Trepte, C., Degenstein, D., and Vargas, F.: Major influence of tropical volcanic eruptions on the stratospheric aerosol layer during the last decade, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L12807, doi:10.1029/2011GL047563, 2011.
55. Vernier, J.-P., Thomason, L. W., Fairlie, T. D., Minnis, P., Pa-likonda, R., and Bedka, K. M.: Comment on "Large Volcanic Aerosol Load in the Stratosphere Linked to Asian Monsoon Transport", Science, 339, 647, doi:10.1126/science.1227817, 2013.
56. von Clarmann, T., Ceccherini, S., Doicu, A., Dudhia, A., Funke, B., Grabowski, U., Hilgers, S., Jay, V., Linden, A., López-Puertas, M., Martín-Torres, F.-J., Payne, V., Reburn, J., Ridolfi, M., Schreier, F., Schwarz, G., Siddans, R., and Steck, T.: A blind test retrieval experiment for infrared limb emission spectrometry, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4746, doi:10.1029/2003JD003835, 2003a.
57. von Clarmann, T., Glatthor, N., Grabowski, U., Höpfner, M., Kell-mann, S., Kiefer, M., Linden, A., Mengistu Tsidu, G., Milz, M., Steck, T., Stiller, G. P., Wang, D. Y., Fischer, H., Funke, B., Gil-López, S., and López-Puertas, M.: Retrieval of temperature and tangent altitude pointing from limb emission spectra recorded from space by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4736, doi:10.1029/2003JD003602, 2003b.
58. 2 and ClO from MIPAS reduced resolution nominal mode limb emission measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 2, 159-175, doi:10.5194/amt-2-159-2009, 2009.
59. von Clarmann, T., Stiller, G., Grabowski, U., Eckert, E., and Or-phal, J.: Technical Note: Trend estimation from irregularly sampled, correlated data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6737-6747, doi:10.5194/acp-10-6737-2010, 2010.
60. Wilson, J. C., Stolzenburg, M. R., Clark, W. E., Loewenstein, M., Ferry, G. V., and Chan, K. R.: Measurements of condensation nuclei in the airborne arctic stratospheric expedition-observations of particle production in the polar vortex, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 361-364, doi:10.1029/GL017i004p00361, 1990.
61. Zhao, J., Toon, O. B., and Turco, R. P.: Origin of condensation nuclei in the springtime polar stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5215-5227, doi:10.1029/94JD03110, 1995.