Real and simulated waveform-recording LiDAR data in juvenile boreal forest vegetation

Remote Sensing of Environment

Volumn 140, Issue , 2014, Pages 665-678

  Hovi, A ^a   Korpela, I ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

Calibration; Footprint; Forest inventory; Monte Carlo ray tracing; Radiative transfer; System waveform

Indexed keywords

CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; FOOTPRINT; FOREST INVENTORY; INTENSIVELY MANAGED FORESTS; MONTE-CARLO RAY TRACING; QUANTITATIVE VALIDATION; SYNTHETIC TRAINING DATA; WAVE FORMS;

CALIBRATION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FORESTRY; MONTE CARLO METHODS; RADIATIVE TRANSFER; VEGETATION;

OPTICAL RADAR;

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; BOREAL FOREST; CALIBRATION; CONIFEROUS FOREST; DATA SET; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT; FOREST INVENTORY; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY MODELING; FUNCTIONAL GROUP; INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION; JUVENILE; LIDAR; RADIOMETER; SILVICULTURE; VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION;

CALIBRATION; FORESTS; INVENTORIES; RADAR; RADIATION; SIMULATION;

EID: 84886413931     PISSN: 00344257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.10.003     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Baltsavias E. Airborne laser scanning: Basic relations and formulas. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 1999, 54:199-214.
2. Bittner S., Gayler S., Biernath C., Winkler J.B., Seifert S., Pretzsch H., et al. Evaluation of a ray-tracing canopy light model based on terrestrial laser scans. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 2012, 38:619-628.
3. Blair J.B., Coyle D.B., Bufton J.L., Harding D.J. Optimization of an airborne laser altimeter for remote sensing of vegetation and tree canopies. Proceedings of IGARSS'94, Pasadena, CA, 8-12 Aug 1994, 939-941. T.I. Stein (Ed.).
4. Bousquet L., Lacherade S., Jacquemoud S., Moya I. Leaf BRDF measurements and model for specular and diffuse components differentiation. Remote Sensing of Environment 2005, 98:201-211.
5. Chauve A., Vega C., Durrieu S., Bretar F., Allouis T., Deseilligny M.P., et al. Advanced full-waveform lidar data echo detection: Assessing quality of derived terrain and tree height models in an alpine coniferous forest. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2009, 30:5211-5228.
6. CÔté J.-F., Widlowski J.-L., Fournier R.A., Verstraete M.M. The structural and radiative consistency of three-dimensional tree reconstructions from terrestrial lidar. Remote Sensing of Environment 2009, 113:1067-1081.
7. Disney M.I., Kalogirou V., Lewis P., Prieto-Blanco A., Hancock S., Pfeifer M. Simulating the impact of discrete-return lidar system and survey characteristics over young conifer and broadleaf forests. Remote Sensing of Environment 2010, 114:1546-1560.
8. Disney M.I., Lewis P., Gomez-Dans J., Roy D., Wooster M.J., Lajas D. 3D radiative transfer modelling of fire impacts on a two-layer savanna system. Remote Sensing of Environment 2011, 115:1866-1881.
9. Disney M.I., Lewis P., North P.R.J. Monte Carlo ray tracing in optical canopy reflectance modelling. Remote Sensing Reviews 2000, 18:163-196.
10. Disney M.I., Lewis P., Saich P. 3D modelling of forest canopy structure for remote sensing simulations in the optical and microwave domains. Remote Sensing of Environment 2006, 100:114-132.
11. Ene L.T., Naesset E., Gobakken T., Gregoire T.G., Ståhl G., Nelson R. Assessing the accuracy of regional LiDAR-based biomass estimation using a simulation approach. Remote Sensing of Environment 2012, 123:579-592.
12. Hancock S., Disney M., Muller J., Lewis P., Foster M. A threshold insensitive method for locating the forest canopy top with waveform lidar. Remote Sensing of Environment 2011, 115:3286-3297.
13. Hapke B., DiMucci D., Nelson R., Smythe W. The cause of the hot spot in vegetation canopies and soils: Shadow-hiding versus coherent backscatter. Remote Sensing of Environment 1996, 58:63-68.
14. Heinzel J., Koch B. Exploring full-waveform LiDAR parameters for tree species classification. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2011, 13:152-160.
15. Holmgren J., Nilsson M., Olsson H. Simulating the effects of lidar scanning angle for estimation of mean tree height and canopy closure. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 2003, 29:623-632.
16. Hosgood B., Jacquemoud S., Andreoli G., Verdebout J., Pedrini A., Schmuck G. Leaf Optical Properties EXperiment 93 (LOPEX93). Report EUR 16095 EN (revised 2005) 2005, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Remote Sensing Applications, Ispra, Italy.
17. Hyyppä J., Inkinen M. Detecting and estimating attributes for single trees using laser scanner. Photogrammetric Journal of Finland 1999, 16:27-42.
18. Jutzi B., Stilla U. Range determination with waveform recording laser systems using a Wiener Filter. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing 2006, 61:95-107.
19. Kaasalainen S., Ahokas E., Hyyppä J., Suomalainen J. Study of surface brightness from backscattered laser intensity: Calibration of laser data. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 2005, 2:255-259.
20. Kajiya J.T. The rendering equation. Siggraph 1986, 1986:143-150.
21. Knyazikhin Y., Martonchik J.V., Myneni R.B., Diner D.J., Running S.W. Synergistic algorithm for estimating vegetation canopy leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from MODIS and MISR data. Journal of Geophysical Research 1998, 103:32257-32275.
22. Korhonen L., Pippuri I., Packalén P., Heikkinen V., Maltamo M., Heikkilä J. Detection of the need for seedling stand tending using high-resolution remote sensing data. Silva Fennica 2013, 47. (article id 952, 20 p.).
23. Korpela I. Geometrically accurate time series of archived aerial images and airborne lidar data in a forest environment. Silva Fennica 2006, 40:109-126.
24. Korpela I. Mapping of understory lichens with airborne discrete-return LiDAR data. Remote Sensing of Environment 2008, 112:3891-3897.
25. Korpela I., Hovi A., Morsdorf F. Understory trees in airborne LiDAR data - Selective mapping due to transmission losses and echo-triggering mechanisms. Remote Sensing of Environment 2012, 119:92-104.
26. Korpela I., Orka H.O., Hyyppä J., Heikkinen V., Tokola T. Range and AGC normalization in airborne discrete-return LiDAR intensity data for forest canopies. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65:369-379.
27. Korpela I., Tuomola T., Tokola T., Dahlin B. Appraisal of seedling stand vegetation with airborne imagery and discrete-return LiDAR - An exploratory analysis. Silva Fennica 2008, 42:753-772.
28. Kuusk A., Lang M., Nilson T. Simulation of the reflectance of ground vegetation in sub-boreal forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2004, 126:33-46.
29. Lang M., Kuusk A., Nilson T., Lükk T., Pehk M., Alm G. Reflectance spectra of ground vegetation in sub-boreal forests Web page. Available online, (from Tartu Observatory, Estonia. Accessed 6 Feb, 2013). http://www.aai.ee/bgf/ger2600/.
30. Lintunen A., Sievänen R., Kaitaniemi P., Perttunen J. Models of 3D crown structure for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver birch (Betula pendula) grown in mixed forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 2011, 41:1779-1794.
31. Lukeš P., Stenberg P., Rautiainen M., Mõttus M., Vanhatalo K.M. Optical properties of leaves and needles for boreal tree species in Europe. Remote Sensing Letters 2013, 4:667-676.
32. Maltamo M., Packalén P., Kallio E., Kangas J., Uuttera J., Heikkilä J. Airborne laser scanning based stand level management inventory in Finland. Proc. SilviLaser 2011, 16-19 Oct, Hobart, Australia 2011, (10 p.).
33. Morsdorf F., Nichol C., Malthus T., Woodhouse I. Assessing forest structural and physiological information content of multi-spectral LiDAR waveforms by radiative transfer modelling. Remote Sensing of Environment 2009, 113:2152-2163.
34. Mõttus M., Rautiainen M., Schaepman M.E. Shoot scattering phase function for Scots pine and its effect on canopy reflectance. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2012, 154:67-74.
35. Naesset E. Predicting forest stand characteristics with airborne scanning laser using a practical two-stage procedure and field data. Remote Sensing of Environment 2002, 80:88-99.
36. Naesset E. Accuracy of forest inventory using airborne laser scanning: evaluating the first Nordic full-scale operational project. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2004, 19:554-557.
37. Naesset E. Airborne laser scanning as a method in operational forest inventory: Status of accuracy assessments accomplished in Scandinavia. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2007, 22:433-442.
38. Naesset E., Bjerknes K. Estimating tree heights and number of stems in young forest stands using airborne laser scanner data. Remote Sensing of Environment 2001, 78:328-340.
39. Naesset E., Gobakken T., Holmgren J., Hyyppä H., Hyyppä J., Maltamo M., et al. Laser scanning of forest resources: the Nordic experience. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2004, 19:482-499.
40. North P.R.J., Rosette J.A.B., Suarez J.C., Los S.O. A Monte Carlo radiative transfer model of satellite waveform LiDAR. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2010, 31:1343-1358.
41. Orka H.O., Naesset E., Bollandsas O.M. Classifying species of individual trees by intensity and structure features derived from airborne laser scanner data. Remote Sensing of Environment 2009, 113:1163-1174.
42. Packalén P., Maltamo M. The k-MSN method for the prediction of species-specific stand attributes using airborne laser scanning and aerial photographs. Remote Sensing of Environment 2007, 109:328-341.
43. Packalén P., Suvanto A., Maltamo M. A two stage method to estimate species-specific growing stock. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2009, 75:1451-1460.
44. Persson Å., Holmgren J., Soderman U. Detecting and measuring individual trees using an airborne laser scanner. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2002, 68:925-932.
45. Perttunen J., Sievänen R., Nikinmaa E. LIGNUM: A model combining the structure and the functioning of trees. Ecological Modelling 1998, 108:189-198.
46. Pfeifer N., Gorte D., Winterhalder D. Automatic reconstruction of single trees from terrestrial laser scanner data. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2004, XXXV-B5:114-119.
47. Pisek J., Ryu Y., Alikas K. Estimating leaf inclination and G-function from leveled digital camera photography in broadleaf canopies. Trees - Structure and Function 2011, 25:919-924.
48. Raumonen P., Kaasalainen M., Åkerblom M., Kaasalainen S., Kaartinen H., Vastaranta M., et al. Fast automatic precision tree models from terrestrial laser scanner data. Remote Sensing 2013, 5:491-520.
49. Reitberger J., Krzystek P., Stilla U. Analysis of full waveform LIDAR data for the classification of deciduous and coniferous trees. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2008, 29:1407-1431.
50. Reitberger J., Schnoerr C., Krzystek P., Stilla U. 3D segmentation of single trees exploiting full waveform LIDAR data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2009, 64:561-574.
51. Roncat A., Bergauer G., Pfeifer N. B-spline deconvolution for differential target cross-section determination in full-waveform laser scanning data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2011, 66:418-428.
52. Schutz B.E., Zwally H.J., Shuman C.A., Hancock D., DiMarzio J.P. Overview of the ICESat Mission. Geophysical Research Letters 2005, 32:L21S01.
53. Smolander S., Stenberg P. A method to account for shoot scale clumping in coniferous canopy reflectance models. Remote Sensing of Environment 2003, 88:363-373.
54. Ullrich A., Pfenningbauer M. Echo digitization and waveform analysis in airborne and terrestrial laser scanning. Photogrammetric Week 2011, Stuttgart, Germany, 5-9 September 2011, 217-228. D. Fritsch (Ed.).
55. Vastaranta M., Holopainen M., Xiaowei Y., Hyyppä J., Hyyppä H., Viitala R. Predicting stand thinning maturity from airborne laser scanning data. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2011, 26:187-196.
56. Vierling L.A., Xu Y., Eitel J.U.H., Oldow J.S. Shrub characterization using terrestrial laser scanning and implications for airborne LiDAR assessment. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 2012, 38:709-722.
57. Wagner W. Radiometric calibration of small-footprint full-waveform airborne laser scanner measurements: Basic physical concepts. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65:505-513.
58. Wagner W., Hollaus M., Briese C., Ducic V. 3D vegetation mapping using small-footprint full-waveform airborne laser scanners. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2008, 29:1433-1452.
59. Wagner W., Ulrich A., Ducic V., Melzer T., Studnicka N. Gaussian decomposition and calibration of a novel small-footprint full-waveform digitising airborne laser scanner. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing 2006, 60:100-112.
60. Wagner W., Ulrich A., Melzer T., Briese C., Kraus K. Form single-pulse to full-waveform airborne laser scanners: potential and practical challenges. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2004, XXXV-B3:201-206.
61. Weiss M., Baret F., Smith G.J., Jonckheere I., Coppin P. Review of methods for in situ leaf area index (LAI) determination Part II. Estimation of LAI, errors and sampling. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2004, 121:37-53.
62. Widlowski J.-L., Robustelli M., Disney M., Gastellu-Etchegorry J.-P., Lavergne T., Lewis P., et al. The RAMI on-line model checker (ROMC): A web-based benchmarking facility for canopy reflectance models. Remote Sensing of Environment 2008, 112:1144-1150.
63. Wulder M., Boots B. Local spatial autocorrelation characteristics of remotely sensed imagery assessed with the Getis statistic. International Journal of Remote Sensing 1998, 19:2223-2231.