Monte Carlo ray tracing in optical canopy reflectance modelling

Remote Sensing Reviews

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 163-196

  Disney, M I ^a   Lewis, P ^a   North, P R J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Canopy reflectance modelling; Monte Carlo ray tracing

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; MONTE CARLO METHODS; RADIATION; REDUCTION; REFLECTION; VEGETATION;

RADIATION FIELD;

REMOTE SENSING;

CANOPY REFLECTANCE; MODELING; MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS; RAY TRACING; REMOTE SENSING;

EID: 0034261046     PISSN: 02757257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02757250009532389     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Antyufeev, V.S. and Marshak, A.L. (1990) Inversion of Monte Carlo Model for estimating vegetation vanopy parameters, Rem. Sens. Environ. (33): 201-209.
2. Begué, A. (1992) Modeling hemispherical and directional radiative fluxes in regular-clumped canopies, Rem. Sens. Environ., 40(3): 219-230.
3. Borel, C.C., Gerstl, S.A.W. and Powers, B.J. (1991) The radiosity method in optical remote sensing of structured 3D surfaces, Rem. Sens. Envrion., 36: 13-44.
4. Burgess, D.W., Lewis, P. and Muller, J.-P. (1995) Topographic effects in AVHRR NDVI data, Rem. Sens. Environ., 54(3): 223-232.
5. Cabral, B., Max, N. and Springmeyer, R. (1987) Bidirectional reflectance functions from surface bump maps, SIGGRAPH '87, 273-281.
6. Chelle, M. and Andrieu, B. (1999) Radiative models for architectural modeling, Agronomie, 19(3-4): 225-240.
7. Cohen, M.F. and Wallace, J.R. (1993) Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis, Academic Press Professional, Boston, USA.
8. Cole, M. (1998) An investigation of the information content of time-resolved LiDAR backscatter from crop canopies, M.Sc. thesis (unpublished), University College London.
9. Cooper, K.D. and Smith, J.A. (1985) A Monte Carlo reflectance model for soil surfaces with three-dimensional structure, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., GE-23(5): 669-673.
10. Corley, R.H.V. (1976) Oil Palm Research, Developments in Crop Science, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
11. Dauzat, J. and Hautecoeur, O. (1991) Simulation des Transferts Radiatifs sur Maquettes Informatiques de Couverst Vegetaux, Proc. 5th Intl. Colloq. Phys. Meas. Sig. In Rems. Sens., Courchevel, France, 14-18 January, pp. 415-418.
12. Dauzat, J. (1994) Radiative transfer simulation on computer models of Elaeis Guineensis, Oleagineux, 49(3): 81-90.
13. Dawson, T.P., Curran, P.J., North, P.R.J. and Plummer, S.E. (1999) The propagation of foliar biochemical absorption features in forest canopy reflectance: A theoretical analysis, Rem. Sens. Environ., 67(2): 147-159.
14. De Reffye, P. and Houllier, F. (1997) Modelling plant growth and architecture: Some recent advances and applications to agronomy and forestry, Current Sci., 73(11): 984-992.
15. Disney, M.I., Lewis, P., Knott, R., Hobson, P., Evan-Jones, K. and Barnsley, M.J. (1998) Validation of a manual measurement method for deriving 3D canopy structure using the BPMS, IGARSS '98, CD-ROM, Seattle, USA.
16. Disney, M.I. and Lewis, P. (1998) An investigation of how linear BRDF models deal with the complex scattering processes encountered in a real canopy, IGARSS '98, CD-ROM, Seattle, USA.
17. Espana Boquera, M., Baret, F., Chelle, M., Aries, F. and Andrieu, B. (1997) Modélisation 3D du maïs pour la modélisation de la reflectance, Actes du Séminaire sur la Modélisation Architecturale, Paris, 10-12 March, pp. 89-99.
18. Foley, J.D., van Dam, A., Feiner, S.K. and Hughes, J.F. (1992) Computer Graphics, Principles and Practice, Addison Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1174 pp.
19. Fournier, C. and Andrieu, B. (1999) ADEL-maize: An L-system based model for the integration of growth processes from the organ to the canopy. Application to regulation of morphogenesis by light availability, Agronomie, 19: 313-327.
20. Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.P., Demarez, V., Pinel, V. and Zagolski, F. (1996) Modeling radiative transfer in heterogeneous 3-D vegetation canopies, Rem. Sens. Environ., 58(2): 131-156.
21. Glassner (1989) An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Academic Press, 327 pp.
22. Goel, N.S. (1988) Models of vegetation canopy reflectance and their use in the estimation of biophysical parameters from reflectance data, Rem. Sens. Rev., 4: 1-222.
23. Goel, N.S., Rozenhal, I. and Thompson, R.L. (1991) A computer graphics based model for scattering from objects of arbitrary shapes in the optical region, Rem. Sens. Environ., 36: 73-104.
24. Goel, N.S. and Qin, W. (1994) Influences in canopy architecture on relationships between various vegetation indices and LAI and FPAR: A computer simulation, Rem. Sens. Rev., 10: 309-347.
25. Goel, N.S. and Thompson, R.L. (2000) A snapshot of canopy reflectance models, and a universal model for radiation regime Rem. Sens. Rev., 18: 197-225.
26. Govaerts, Y.M. (1996) A model of light scattering in three-dimensional plant canopies: A Monte Carlo ray tracing approach, Ph.D. thesis, JRC catalogue no. CL-NA-16394-EN-C, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 186 pp.
27. Halton, J.H. (1970) A retrospective and prospective survey of the Monte Carlo method, SIAM Rev., 12(1): 1-63.
28. Hapke, B. (1984) Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy 3: Correction for macroscopic roughness, Icarus, 59: 41-59.
29. Jupp, D.L.B. (1997) Modelling directional variance and variograms using geo-optical models, Jour. Rem. Sens., 1: 94-101.
30. Kajiya, J. (1986) The rendering equation, SIGGRAPH '86, 143-150.
31. Kay, T.L. and Kajiya, J. (1986) Ray tracing complex scenes, SIGGRAPH '86, 20(4): 269-278.
32. Keramat, M. and Kielbasa, R. (1997) Latin hypercube sampling of Monte Carlo estimation of average quality index for integrated circuits, Analog Integ. Circ. Sig. Process., 14(1-2): 131-142.
33. Kilnkrad, H., Koeck, C. and Renard, P. (1990) Precise satellite skin-force modeling by means of Monte Carlo ray tracing, ESA Journ., 14(4): 409-430.
34. Kimes, D.S. and Kirchner, J.A. (1982) Radiative transfer model for heterogeneous 3D scenes, Appl. Opt., 21: 4119-4129.
35. Kirk, D.B. and Arvo, J.R. (1991) Unbiased sampling techniques for image synthesis, SIGGRAPH '91, 15-36.
36. Knyazikhin, Y., Martonchik, J.V., Myneni, R.B., Diner, D.J. and Running, S.W. (1998) Synergistic algorithm for estimating vegetation canopy leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from MODIS and MISR data, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D24): 32257-32275.
37. Knyazikhin, Y.V., Marshak, A.L. and Myneni, R.B. (1992) Interaction of photons in a canopy of finite dimensional leaves, Rem. Sens. Environ., 39: 61-74.
38. Kuusk, A. (1995) A Markov chain model of canopy reflectance, Agric. For. Meteorol., 76(3-4): 221-236.
39. Kuusk, A. (1996) A computer-efficient plant canopy reflectance model, Comp. Geosci., 22(2): 149-163.
40. Kuusk, A., Andrieu, B., Chelle, M. and Aries, F. (1997) Validation of a Markov chain canopy reflectance model, Int. Journ. Rem. Sens., 18(10): 2125-2146.
41. Lenoble, J. (1985) Radiative Transfer in Scattering and Absorbing Atmosphere Standard Computational Procedures, A. Deepak Publishers, Hampton, VA, USA.
42. Lewis, P. and Muller, J.-P. (1992) The Advanced Radiometric Ray-Tracer (ARARAT) for plant canopy reflectance simulation, Int. Arch. Photgramm. Rem. Sens., (Commission VII(B7)) 29: 26-34.
43. Lewis, P. (1996) A Botanical Plant Modelling System (BPMS) for remote sensing simulation studies, Ph.D. thesis (unpublished), University College London.
44. Lewis, P. and Boissard, B. (1997) The use of 3D plant modelling and measurement in remote sensing, Proc. 7th ISPRS, Courchevel, France, April 7-11, Vol. 1, pp. 319-326.
45. Lewis, P. (1999) Three-dimensional plant modelling for remote sensing simulation studies using the Botanical Plant Modelling System, Agronomie, 19: 185-210.
46. Lewis, P., Disney, M.I., Barnsley, M.J. and Muller, J.-P. (1999a) Deriving albedo maps for HAPEX-Sahel from ASAS data using kernel-driven BRDF models, Hydrol. Earth Sys. Sci., 3(1): 1-13.
47. Lewis, P., Disney, M.I. and Riedmann, M. (1999b) Application of the Botanical Plant Modelling System (BPMS) to the analysis of spatial information in remotely sensed imagery, Proc. 25th Annual Conf. Rem. Sens. Soc., 7-10th September, Cardiff, UK, pp. 507-514.
48. Lewis, P. and Disney, M.I. (1998) The Botanical Plant Modelling System (BPMS): A case study of multiple scattering in a barley canopy, IGARSS '98, CD-ROM, Seattle, USA.
49. Li, X. and Strahler, A.H. (1985) Geometric-optic modelling of a conifer forest canopy, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 23(5): 705-721.
50. Lin, Y.C. and Sarabandi, K. (1999) A Monte Carlo coherent scattering model for forest canopies using fractal-generated trees, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 37(1): 440-451.
51. Liu, C., Jonas, P.R. and Saunders, C.P.R. (1996) Pyramidal ice crystal scattering phase functions and concentric halos, Annales Geophys-Atmos. Hydr. Space Sci., 14(11): 1192-1197.
52. Lumme, K. and Bowell, E. (1987) A note on Hapke's "Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy 3: Correction for macroscopic roughness", Univ. Helsinki Technical Report, 13 pp.
53. McDonald, A.J., Gemmell, F. and Lewis, P.E. (1998) Investigation of the utility of spectral vegetation indices for determining information on conifer forests, Rem. Sens. Environ., 66: 250-272.
54. Měch, R. and Prusinkiewicz, P. (1996) Visual models of plants interacting with their environment, SIGGRAPH '96., 30: 397-410.
55. Myneni, R.B., Ross, J. and Asrar, G. (1989) A review on the theory of photon transport in leaf canopies, Agric. For. Meteorol., 45: 1-153.
56. Myneni, R.B., Marshak, A.L. and Knyazhikin, Y. (1991) Transport theory for a leaf canopy of finite-dimensional scattering elements, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf., 46: 259-280.
57. Newton, A., Muller, J.-P. and Pearson, J. (1991) SPOT-DEM shading for LANDSAT-TM topographic correction, IGARSS '91, 3-6th June, Espoo, Finland, pp. 655-659.
58. Nilson, T. and Kuusk, A. (1989) A reflectance model for the homogenous plant canopy and its inversion, Rem. Sens. Environ., 27: 157-167.
59. North, P.R.J. (1996) Three-dimensional forest light interaction model using a Monte Carlo method, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 34(4): 946-956.
60. North, P.R.J., Briggs, S.A., Plummer, S.E. and Settle, J.J. (1999) Retrieval of land surface bidirectional reflectance and aerosol opacity from ATSR-2 multi-angle imagery, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 37(1): 526-537.
61. Oliver, R.E. and Smith, J.A. (1973) Vegetation canopy reflectance models. Final report, DA-ARO-D-31-124-71-G165, US Army Res. Office, Durham, NC, USA.
62. Owens, J. (1999) Spatial and angular information simulations of oil palm, M.Sc. thesis (unpublished), University College London.
63. Perttunen, J., Sievänen, R., Nikinmaa, E., Salminen, H., Saarenmaa, H. and Väkevä, J. (1996) LIGNUM: A tree model based on simple structural units, Annals of Botany, 77: 87-98.
64. Pinty, B. et al. (1999) RAMI: Radiative Transfer Model Intercomparison, Rem. Sens. Rev. special edition on the IWMMM-2 meeting, 15-17 Sept., JRC Ispra, Italy (in preparation) (www.enamors.org).
65. Pinty, B. and Verstraete, M.M. (1998) Modeling the scattering of light by homogeneous vegetation in optical remote sensing, Jour. Atmos. Sci., 55(2): 137-150.
66. Prusinkiewicz, P. and Lindenmayer, A. (1990) The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants, Springer-Verlag New York.
67. Prusinkiewicz, P. (1996) Virtual plants: New perspectives for ecologists, pathologists and agricultural scientists, Trends Plant Sci., 1(1): 33-38.
68. Prusinkiewicz, P. (1999) A look at the visual modelling of plants using L-systems, Agronomie, 19: 211-224.
69. Qin, W. and Gerstl, S.A.W. (2000) 3-D scene modeling of semi-desert vegetation cover and its radiation regime, Rem. Sens. Environ. (in press).
70. Ricchiazzi, P. and Gautier, C. (1998) Investigation of the effect of surface heterogeneity and topography on the radiation environment of Palmer Station, Antarctica, with a hybrid 3D radiative transfer model, J. Geophys. Res., 103: 6161-6176.
71. Roberts, G. (1998) Simulating the vegetation canopy LiDAR (VCL) over forest canopies: An investigation of the waveform information content, M.Sc. thesis (unpublished). University College London.
72. Room, P., Hanan, J. and Prusinkiewicz, P. (1996) Virtual plants: New perspectives for ecologists, pathologists and agricultural scientists, Trends Plant Sci., (update), 1(1): 33-38.
73. Ross, J.K. and Marshak, A.L. (1988) Calculation of canopy bidirectional reflectance using the Monte Carlo method, Rem. Sens. Environ., 24: 213-225.
74. Ross, J.K. and Marshak, A.L. (1989) The influence of leaf orientation and the specular component of leaf reflectance on the canopy bidirectional reflectance, Rem. Sens. Environ., 27: 251-260.
75. Ross, J.K. and Marshak, A.L. (1991b) Influence of the crop architecture parameters on crop BRDF: A Monte Carlo simulation, Proc. 5th ISPRS, Courchevel, France, 14-18 January, pp. 357-360.
76. Sassaroli, A., Blumetti, C., Martelli, F., Alianelli, L., Contini, D., Ismaelli, A. and Zaccanti, G. (1998) Monte Carlo procedure for investigating light propagation and imaging of highly scattering media, Appl. Opt., 37(31): 7392-7400.
77. Shirley, P. and Wang, C. (1992) Distribution ray tracing: Theory and practice, Third Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Bristol, UK, pp. 33-43.
78. Smith, J.A. and Goltz, S.M. (1994) Updated thermal-model using simplified short-wave radiosity calculations, Rem. Sens. Environ., 47(2): 167-175.
79. Smith, J.A., Ballard, J.R. and Pedelty, J.A. (1997) Effect of three-dimensional canopy architecture on thermal infrared excitance, Opt. Eng., 36(11): 3093-3100.
80. Snyder, J.M. and Barr, A.H. (1987) Ray tracing complex models containing surface tessellations, SIGGRAPH '87, 119-128.
81. Spurzem, R. and Giersz, M. (1996) A stochastic Monte Carlo approach to modelling of real star cluster evolution 1. The model, Monthly Notic. Royal Astron. Soc., 283(3): 805-810.
82. Verstraete, M.M., Pinty, B. and Dickinson, R.E. (1990) A physical model of the bidirectional reflectance of vegetation canopies 1. Theory, J. Geophys. Res., 95(D8): 11 755-11 765.
83. Wallace, J.R. and Cohen, M.F. (1993) Radiosity and Realistic Image Synthesis, Academic Press, New York, 373 pp.
84. Wanner, W., Li, X. and Strahler, A.H. (1995) On the derivation of kernels for kernel-driven models of bidirectional reflectance, J. Geophys. Res., 100: 21 077-21 090.
85. Ward, G.J., Rubenstein, F.M. and Clear, R.D. (1988) A ray tracing solution for diffuse interreflection, Comp. Graph., 22: 85-92.
86. Woodcock, C.E., Strahler, A.H. and Jupp, D.L.B. (1988) The use of variograms in remote sensing 1. Scene models and simulated images, Rem. Sens. Environ., 25(3): 323-348.