메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 651-689

Breath Analysis: Analytical Methodologies and Clinical Applications

Author keywords

Breath analysis, methodologies and clinical applications; Breath markers and pathological conditions; Chemical markers in exhaled air, diseases in human beings; Exposure assessment, human breath and thousands of VOCs; SIFT MS, for rate coefficient determination in gas phase

Indexed keywords


EID: 84886139088     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781118271858.ch23     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (9)

References (200)
  • 1
    • 77649253259 scopus 로고
    • Final experiments on the elimination of alcohol from the body
    • Anstie, F. E. (1874) Final experiments on the elimination of alcohol from the body, Practitioner 13, 15-28.
    • (1874) Practitioner , vol.13 , pp. 15-28
    • Anstie, F.E.1
  • 2
    • 84886211081 scopus 로고
    • Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Acetonurie
    • Nebelthau, A. (1897) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Acetonurie, Zentr. Inn. Med. 18, 977-982.
    • (1897) Zentr. Inn. Med. , vol.18 , pp. 977-982
    • Nebelthau, A.1
  • 3
    • 0014633582 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of organic compounds in human breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    • Jansson, B. O. and Larsson, B. T. (1969) Analysis of organic compounds in human breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 74, 961-966.
    • (1969) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.74 , pp. 961-966
    • Jansson, B.O.1    Larsson, B.T.2
  • 4
    • 0015131404 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of urine vapor and breath by gas-liquid partition chromatography
    • Pauling, L., Robinson, A. B., Teranishi, R., and Cary, P. (1971) Quantitative analysis of urine vapor and breath by gas-liquid partition chromatography, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 68, 2374-2376.
    • (1971) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 2374-2376
    • Pauling, L.1    Robinson, A.B.2    Teranishi, R.3    Cary, P.4
  • 5
    • 0014771862 scopus 로고
    • Mercaptans and dimethyl sulfide in the breath of patients with cirrhosis of the liver Effect of feeding methionine
    • Chen, S., Zieve, L. and Mahadevan, V. (1970) Mercaptans and dimethyl sulfide in the breath of patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Effect of feeding methionine, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 75, 628-635.
    • (1970) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.75 , pp. 628-635
    • Chen, S.1    Zieve, L.2    Mahadevan, V.3
  • 6
    • 0015952772 scopus 로고
    • Ethane evolution: a newindex of lipid peroxidation
    • Riely,C. A., Cohen, G., and Lieberman, M. (1974) Ethane evolution: a newindex of lipid peroxidation, Science 183, 208-210.
    • (1974) Science , vol.183 , pp. 208-210
    • Riely, C.A.1    Cohen, G.2    Lieberman, M.3
  • 7
    • 0019856001 scopus 로고
    • Anewhighly sensitive assay for breath acetaldehyde: detection of endogenous levels in humans
    • Dannecker, J. R., Jr., Shaskan, E. G., and Phillips, M. (1981)Anewhighly sensitive assay for breath acetaldehyde: detection of endogenous levels in humans, Anal. Biochem. 114, 1-7.
    • (1981) Anal. Biochem. , vol.114 , pp. 1-7
    • Dannecker, J.R.1    Shaskan Jr., E.G.2    Phillips, M.3
  • 8
    • 28044473499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of the respiratory system
    • Schmitt,W. R. and Dudlick, M. (Eds.) Elsevier Inc., Philadelphia, PA
    • Boron, W. F. and Boulpaep, E. L. (2008) Organization of the respiratory system. In: Schmitt,W. R. and Dudlick, M. (Eds.) Medical Physiology, Elsevier Inc., Philadelphia, PA, 1352 pp.
    • (2008) Medical Physiology , pp. 1352
    • Boron, W.F.1    Boulpaep, E.L.2
  • 10
    • 33749016240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of clinical breath analysis
    • Risby, T.H. and Solga, S. F. (2006) Current status of clinical breath analysis, Appl. Phys. B 85, 421-426.
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. B , vol.85 , pp. 421-426
    • Risby, T.H.1    Solga, S.F.2
  • 11
    • 0031149661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Method for the collection and assay of volatile organic compounds in breath
    • Phillips, M. (1997) Method for the collection and assay of volatile organic compounds in breath, Anal. Biochem. 247, 272-278.
    • (1997) Anal. Biochem. , vol.247 , pp. 272-278
    • Phillips, M.1
  • 12
    • 21444453923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of inspired substance concentrations on the results of breath analyses in mechanically ventilated patients
    • Schubert, J. K., Miekisch,W., Birken, T., Geiger, K., and Noeldge-Schomburg, G. F. E. (2005) Impact of inspired substance concentrations on the results of breath analyses in mechanically ventilated patients, Biomarkers 10, 138-152.
    • (2005) Biomarkers , vol.10 , pp. 138-152
    • Schubert, J.K.1    Miekisch, W.2    Birken, T.3    Geiger, K.4    Noeldge-Schomburg, G.F.E.5
  • 13
    • 33846538621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adaptive breath sampler for use with human subjects with an impaired respiratory function
    • Basanta, M.,Koimtzis, T., Singh, D.,Wilson, I., and Thomas, C. L. P. (2007) An adaptive breath sampler for use with human subjects with an impaired respiratory function, Analyst, 132, 153-163.
    • (2007) Analyst , vol.132 , pp. 153-163
    • Basanta, M.1    Koimtzis, T.2    Singh, D.3    Wilson, I.4    Thomas, C.L.P.5
  • 14
    • 0033407474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of breath biomarkers of oxidative stress status
    • Risby, T. H. and Sehnert, S. S. (1999) Clinical application of breath biomarkers of oxidative stress status, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27, 1182-1192.
    • (1999) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 1182-1192
    • Risby, T.H.1    Sehnert, S.S.2
  • 15
    • 0032190828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample timing and mathematical considerations for modeling breath elimination of volatile organic compounds
    • Pleil, J. D. and Lindstrom, A. B. (1998) Sample timing and mathematical considerations for modeling breath elimination of volatile organic compounds, Risk Anal. 18, 585-602.
    • (1998) Risk Anal , vol.18 , pp. 585-602
    • Pleil, J.D.1    Lindstrom, A.B.2
  • 16
    • 0034769320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of isopropanol and its metabolite acetone
    • Clewell, H. J., Gentry, P. R., Gearhart, J. M., Covington, T. R., Banton, M. I., and Andersen, M. E. (2001) Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of isopropanol and its metabolite acetone, Toxicol. Sci. 63, 160-172.
    • (2001) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 160-172
    • Clewell, H.J.1    Gentry, P.R.2    Gearhart, J.M.3    Covington, T.R.4    Banton, M.I.5    Andersen, M.E.6
  • 17
    • 19444385389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment in chronic asthma
    • Smith, A. D., Cowan, J. O., Brasset, K. P., Herbison, G. P., and Taylor, D. R. (2005) Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment in chronic asthma New Engl. J. Med. 352, 2163-2173.
    • (2005) New Engl. J. Med. , vol.352 , pp. 2163-2173
    • Smith, A.D.1    Cowan, J.O.2    Brasset, K.P.3    Herbison, G.P.4    Taylor, D.R.5
  • 18
    • 4143053648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic potential of breath analysis-focus on volatile organic compounds
    • Miekisch, W. and Noeldge-Schomburg, G. F. E. (2004) Diagnostic potential of breath analysis-focus on volatile organic compounds, Clin. Chim. Acta 347, 25-39.
    • (2004) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.347 , pp. 25-39
    • Miekisch, W.1    Noeldge-Schomburg, G.F.E.2
  • 19
  • 21
    • 0033429105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for standardized procedures for the on-line and off-line measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in adults and children
    • American Thoracic Society
    • American Thoracic Society (1999) Recommendations for standardized procedures for the on-line and off-line measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in adults and children Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160, 2104-2117.
    • (1999) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.160 , pp. 2104-2117
  • 22
    • 0015384501 scopus 로고
    • Changes in tidal volume, frequency, and ventilation induced by their measurement
    • Gilbert, R., Auchincloss, H., Brodsky, J., and Boden, W. (1972) Changes in tidal volume, frequency, and ventilation induced by their measurement, J. Appl. Physiol. 33, 252-254.
    • (1972) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.33 , pp. 252-254
    • Gilbert, R.1    Auchincloss, H.2    Brodsky, J.3    Boden, W.4
  • 23
    • 0030801691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain breathing and breathlessness
    • Guz, A. (1997) Brain breathing and breathlessness, Respir. Physiol. 109, 197-204.
    • (1997) Respir. Physiol. , vol.109 , pp. 197-204
    • Guz, A.1
  • 24
    • 0033552093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An optimized sampling and GC-MS analysis method for benzene in exhaled breath as a biomarker for occupational exposure
    • Plebani, C., Tranfo, G., Salerno, A., Panebianco, A., and Marcelloni, A. M. (1999) An optimized sampling and GC-MS analysis method for benzene in exhaled breath as a biomarker for occupational exposure, Talanta 50, 409-412.
    • (1999) Talanta , vol.50 , pp. 409-412
    • Plebani, C.1    Tranfo, G.2    Salerno, A.3    Panebianco, A.4    Marcelloni, A.M.5
  • 25
    • 0343485121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of isoprene in human expired breath using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    • Hyšpler, R., Crhová, S., Gasparic, J., Zadak, J., Czkova, Z., and Balasova, M., (2000) Determination of isoprene in human expired breath using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatog. B 739, 183-190.
    • (2000) J. Chromatog. B , vol.739 , pp. 183-190
    • Hyšpler, R.1    Crhová, S.2    Gasparic, J.3    Zadak, J.4    Czkova, Z.5    Balasova, M.6
  • 26
    • 0030977813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel device for capturing breath samples for solvent analysis
    • Dyne, D., Cocker, J., and Wilson, H. K. (1997) A novel device for capturing breath samples for solvent analysis, Sci. Total Environ. 199, 83-89.
    • (1997) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.199 , pp. 83-89
    • Dyne, D.1    Cocker, J.2    Wilson, H.K.3
  • 27
    • 84883604341 scopus 로고
    • Sampling and analysis of exhaled human breath as an exposure assessment tool
    • Pleil, J. D. and Lindstrom, A. B. (1995) Sampling and analysis of exhaled human breath as an exposure assessment tool, Proc. Healthy Build. 507-511.
    • (1995) Proc. Healthy Build. , pp. 507-511
    • Pleil, J.D.1    Lindstrom, A.B.2
  • 28
    • 0023715384 scopus 로고
    • Human breath measurements in a clear-air chamber to determine half-lives for volatile organic compounds
    • Gordon, S. M.,Wallace, L. A., Pellizzari, E. D., and O'Neill, H. J. (1988) Human breath measurements in a clear-air chamber to determine half-lives for volatile organic compounds, Atm. Environ. 22, 2165-2170.
    • (1988) Atm. Environ. , vol.22 , pp. 2165-2170
    • Gordon, S.M.1    Wallace, L.A.2    Pellizzari, E.D.3    O'Neill, H.J.4
  • 29
    • 0032839586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A practical and reliable method for measuring ethane and pentane in expired air from humans
    • Knutson, M. D., Lim, A. K., and Viteri, F. E. (1999) A practical and reliable method for measuring ethane and pentane in expired air from humans. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 27 560-571.
    • (1999) Free Rad. Biol. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 560-571
    • Knutson, M.D.1    Lim, A.K.2    Viteri, F.E.3
  • 32
    • 0035992109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the USEPA's single breath canister (SBC) method for exhaled volatile organic biomarkers
    • Lindstrom, A. B. and Pleil, J. D. (2002) A review of the USEPA's single breath canister (SBC) method for exhaled volatile organic biomarkers, Biomarkers 7, 189-208.
    • (2002) Biomarkers , vol.7 , pp. 189-208
    • Lindstrom, A.B.1    Pleil, J.D.2
  • 33
    • 4544255985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of acetone in human breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber derivatization
    • Deng, C., Zhang, J., Yu, X., Zhang,W., and Zhang, X. (2004) Determination of acetone in human breath by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber derivatization, J. Chromatog. B 810, 269-275.
    • (2004) J. Chromatog. B , vol.810 , pp. 269-275
    • Deng, C.1    Zhang, J.2    Yu, X.3    Zhang, W.4    Zhang, X.5
  • 34
    • 34247866471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An off-line breath sampling and analysis method suitable for large screening studies
    • Steeghs, M. M. L., Cristescu, S. M., Munnik, P., Zanen, P., and Harren, F. J. M. (2007) An off-line breath sampling and analysis method suitable for large screening studies, Physiol. Meas. 28, 503-514.
    • (2007) Physiol. Meas. , vol.28 , pp. 503-514
    • Steeghs, M.M.L.1    Cristescu, S.M.2    Munnik, P.3    Zanen, P.4    Harren, F.J.M.5
  • 35
    • 58149203148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suitability of different polymer bags for storage of volatile sulphur compounds relevant to breath analysis
    • Mochalski, P., Wzorek, B., Sliwka, I., and Amann, A. (2009) Suitability of different polymer bags for storage of volatile sulphur compounds relevant to breath analysis, J. Chromatogr. B 877, 189-196.
    • (2009) J. Chromatogr. B , vol.877 , pp. 189-196
    • Mochalski, P.1    Wzorek, B.2    Sliwka, I.3    Amann, A.4
  • 37
    • 33746216893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From highly sophisticated analytical techniques to life-saving diagnostics: technical developments in breath analysis
    • Miekisch W. and Schubert J. K. (2006) From highly sophisticated analytical techniques to life-saving diagnostics: technical developments in breath analysis, TrAC 25, 665-673.
    • (2006) TrAC , vol.25 , pp. 665-673
    • Miekisch, W.1    Schubert, J.K.2
  • 38
    • 0036227810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath biomarkers for detection of human liver diseases: preliminary study
    • Sehnert, S. S., Jiang, L., Burdick, J. F., and Risby, T. H. (2002) Breath biomarkers for detection of human liver diseases: preliminary study, Biomarkers 7, 174-187.
    • (2002) Biomarkers , vol.7 , pp. 174-187
    • Sehnert, S.S.1    Jiang, L.2    Burdick, J.F.3    Risby, T.H.4
  • 39
    • 12344256993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath analysis: trends in techniques and clinical applications
    • Di Francesco, F., Fuoco, R., Trivella, M. G., and Ceccarini, A. (2005) Breath analysis: trends in techniques and clinical applications, Microchem. J. 79, 405-410.
    • (2005) Microchem J. , vol.79 , pp. 405-410
    • Di Francesco, F.1    Fuoco, R.2    Trivella, M.G.3    Ceccarini, A.4
  • 40
    • 0024321181 scopus 로고
    • Porous-layer open-tubular gas chromatography in combination with an ion trap detector to assess volatile metabolites in human breath
    • Ghoos,Y., Hiele, M., Rutgeerts, P., andVantrappen, G. (1989) Porous-layer open-tubular gas chromatography in combination with an ion trap detector to assess volatile metabolites in human breath, Biom. Environ. Mass Spectrom. 18 613-616.
    • (1989) Biom. Environ. Mass Spectrom. , vol.18 , pp. 613-616
    • Ghoos, Y.1    Hiele, M.2    Rutgeerts, P.3    Vantrappen, G.4
  • 41
    • 0003713754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Applications
    • Wiley Chichester
    • De Hoffmann, E. and Stroobant, V. (2007) Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Applications, Wiley, Chichester, 502 pp.
    • (2007) , pp. 502
    • De Hoffmann, E.1    Stroobant, V.2
  • 42
    • 71049175403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry in food analysis
    • Cajka, T. and Hajslova, J. (2007) Gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry in food analysis, LCGC Europe 20, 25-31.
    • (2007) LCGC Europe , vol.20 , pp. 25-31
    • Cajka, T.1    Hajslova, J.2
  • 43
    • 0026969389 scopus 로고
    • Breath test in medicine
    • Phillips, M. (1992) Breath test in medicine, Sci. Am. 267, 74-79.
    • (1992) Sci. Am. , vol.267 , pp. 74-79
    • Phillips, M.1
  • 44
    • 0024778220 scopus 로고
    • The application of chemically modified fused silica fibers in the extraction of organics from water matrix samples and their rapid transfer to capillary columns
    • Belardi, R. P. and Pawliszyn J. (1989) The application of chemically modified fused silica fibers in the extraction of organics from water matrix samples and their rapid transfer to capillary columns, Water Poll. Res. J. Can. 24, 179-191.
    • (1989) Water Poll. Res. J. Can. , vol.24 , pp. 179-191
    • Belardi, R.P.1    Pawliszyn, J.2
  • 45
    • 1642357692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPME: a powerful sample preparation tool prior to mass spectrometric analysis
    • Vas, G. and Vekey, K. (2004) SPME: a powerful sample preparation tool prior to mass spectrometric analysis, J. Mass Spectrom. 39, 233-254.
    • (2004) J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.39 , pp. 233-254
    • Vas, G.1    Vekey, K.2
  • 46
    • 0031568680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid-phase microextraction for the analysis of human breath
    • Grote, C. and Pawliszyn, J. (1997) Solid-phase microextraction for the analysis of human breath, Anal. Chem. 69, 587-596.
    • (1997) Anal. Chem. , vol.69 , pp. 587-596
    • Grote, C.1    Pawliszyn, J.2
  • 47
  • 48
    • 0345148800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid-phase microextraction
    • Prosen, H. and Zupančič-Kralj, L. (1999) Solid-phase microextraction, TrAC 18, 272-282.
    • (1999) TrAC , vol.18 , pp. 272-282
    • Prosen, H.1    Zupančič-Kralj, L.2
  • 49
    • 0042395927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of solid-phase microextraction for determination of organic vapours in gaseous matrices
    • Namiesnik, J., Zygmunt, B., and Jastrzȩbska, A. (2000) Application of solid-phase microextraction for determination of organic vapours in gaseous matrices, J. Chromatog. A 885, 405-418.
    • (2000) J. Chromatog. A , vol.885 , pp. 405-418
    • Namiesnik, J.1    Zygmunt, B.2    Jastrzȩbska, A.3
  • 50
    • 0029081752 scopus 로고
    • Carbon sorbents and their utilization for the preconcentration of organic pollutants in environmental samples
    • Matisova, E. and Skrabakova, S. (1995) Carbon sorbents and their utilization for the preconcentration of organic pollutants in environmental samples, J. Chromatog. A 707, 145-179.
    • (1995) J. Chromatog. A , vol.707 , pp. 145-179
    • Matisova, E.1    Skrabakova, S.2
  • 51
    • 84886222822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical Thermal Desorption: Developing and Optimising Methods
    • Thermal Desorption Technical Support Note 21 (see last accessed date 19 February 2011 (To access technical notes a free registration is required)
    • Thermal Desorption Technical Support, Note 21, (2002) Analytical Thermal Desorption: Developing and Optimising Methods, 3 pp, (see http://www.markes.com/Downloads/Application-notes.aspx) last accessed date 19 February 2011 (To access technical notes a free registration is required).
    • (2002) , pp. 3
  • 52
    • 0035984546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorbent materials commonly used in air analysis for adsorptive enrichment and thermal desorption of volatile organic compounds
    • Dettmer, K. and Engewald, W. (2002) Adsorbent materials commonly used in air analysis for adsorptive enrichment and thermal desorption of volatile organic compounds, Anal. Bioanal.Chem. 373, 490-500.
    • (2002) Anal. Bioanal.Chem. , vol.373 , pp. 490-500
    • Dettmer, K.1    Engewald, W.2
  • 53
    • 0002243993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability of reactive low boiling hydrocarbons on carbon based adsorbents typically used for adsorptive enrichment and thermal desorption, Fresenius J
    • Dettmer, K., Knobloch, Th., and Engewald, W. (2000) Stability of reactive low boiling hydrocarbons on carbon based adsorbents typically used for adsorptive enrichment and thermal desorption, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 366, 70-78.
    • (2000) Anal. Chem. , vol.366 , pp. 70-78
    • Dettmer, K.1    Knobloch, T.2    Engewald, W.3
  • 55
    • 0031172646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the sift technique for trace gas analysis of breath using the syringe injection technique
    • Spänel, P., Cocker, J., Rajan, B., and Smith, D. (1997)Validation of the sift technique for trace gas analysis of breath using the syringe injection technique, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 41, 373-382.
    • (1997) Ann. Occup. Hyg. , vol.41 , pp. 373-382
    • Spänel, P.1    Cocker, J.2    Rajan, B.3    Smith, D.4
  • 56
    • 0032599829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New technologies in the use of exhaled breath analysis for biological monitoring
    • Wilson, H. K. and Monster, A. C. (1999) New technologies in the use of exhaled breath analysis for biological monitoring, J. Occ. Environ. Med. 56, 753-757.
    • (1999) J. Occ. Environ. Med. , vol.56 , pp. 753-757
    • Wilson, H.K.1    Monster, A.C.2
  • 57
    • 0037296006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time variation of ammonia, acetone, isoprene, and ethanol in breath: a quantitative SIFT MS study over 30 days
    • Diskin, A. M., Spanel, P., and Smith, D. (2003) Time variation of ammonia, acetone, isoprene, and ethanol in breath: a quantitative SIFT MS study over 30 days, Physiol. Measur. 24, 107-120.
    • (2003) Physiol. Measur. , vol.24 , pp. 107-120
    • Diskin, A.M.1    Spanel, P.2    Smith, D.3
  • 59
    • 0036667790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-line, simultaneous quantification of ethanol, some metabolites and water vapour in breath following the ingestion of alcohol
    • Smith, D., Wang, T., and Spanel, P. (2002) On-line, simultaneous quantification of ethanol, some metabolites and water vapour in breath following the ingestion of alcohol, Physiol. Measur. 23, 477-489.
    • (2002) Physiol. Measur. , vol.23 , pp. 477-489
    • Smith, D.1    Wang, T.2    Spanel, P.3
  • 60
    • 0037296123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase of acetone and ammonia in urine headspace and breath during ovulation quantified using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry
    • Diskin, A. M., Spanel, P., and Smith, D. (2003) Increase of acetone and ammonia in urine headspace and breath during ovulation quantified using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, Physiol. Measur. 24, 191-199.
    • (2003) Physiol. Measur. , vol.24 , pp. 191-199
    • Diskin, A.M.1    Spanel, P.2    Smith, D.3
  • 61
    • 0042707574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of acetonitrile in exhaled breath and urinary headspace using selected ion flowtube mass spectrometry
    • Abbot, S. M., Elder, J. B., Spanel, P., and Smith, D. (2003) Quantification of acetonitrile in exhaled breath and urinary headspace using selected ion flowtube mass spectrometry, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 228, 655-665.
    • (2003) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.228 , pp. 655-665
    • Abbot, S.M.1    Elder, J.B.2    Spanel, P.3    Smith, D.4
  • 63
    • 17444399677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selected ion flowtube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) for on-line trace gas analysis
    • Smith, D. and Spanel, P. (2005) Selected ion flowtube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) for on-line trace gas analysis, Mass Spectrom. Rev. 24, 661-700.
    • (2005) Mass Spectrom. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 661-700
    • Smith, D.1    Spanel, P.2
  • 64
    • 0032382401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS): on-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels
    • Lindinger, W., Hansel, A., and Jordan, A. (1998) Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS): on-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels, Chem. Soc. Rev. 27, 347-354.
    • (1998) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.27 , pp. 347-354
    • Lindinger, W.1    Hansel, A.2    Jordan, A.3
  • 67
    • 33847111234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a proton-transfer reaction ion trap mass spectrometer: online detection and analysis of volatile organic compounds
    • Steeghs, M. M. L., Sikkens, C., Crespo, E., Cristescu, S. M., and Harren F. J. M. (2007) Development of a proton-transfer reaction ion trap mass spectrometer: online detection and analysis of volatile organic compounds, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 262, 16-24.
    • (2007) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.262 , pp. 16-24
    • Steeghs, M.M.L.1    Sikkens, C.2    Crespo, E.3    Cristescu, S.M.4    Harren, F.J.M.5
  • 68
    • 10044271359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels by means of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)-medical applications, food control and environmental research
    • Lindinger,W., Hansel, A., and Jordan, A. (1998) On-line monitoring of volatile organic compounds at pptv levels by means of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)-medical applications, food control and environmental research, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 173, 191-241.
    • (1998) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. , vol.173 , pp. 191-241
    • Lindinger, W.1    Hansel, A.2    Jordan, A.3
  • 69
    • 0036829720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of volatile flavour compounds by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry: fragmentation patterns and discrimination between isobaric and isomeric compounds
    • Buhr, J. K., van Ruth, S., and Delahunty, C. (2002) Analysis of volatile flavour compounds by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry: fragmentation patterns and discrimination between isobaric and isomeric compounds, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 221, 1-7.
    • (2002) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.221 , pp. 1-7
    • Buhr, J.K.1    van Ruth, S.2    Delahunty, C.3
  • 70
    • 34147138483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a PTR-TOFMSinstrument for real-time measurements of volatile organic compounds in air
    • Tanimoto, H., Aoki, N., Inomata, S., Hirokawa, J., and SadanagaY. (2007) Development of a PTR-TOFMSinstrument for real-time measurements of volatile organic compounds in air, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 263, 1-11.
    • (2007) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.263 , pp. 1-11
    • Tanimoto, H.1    Aoki, N.2    Inomata, S.3    Hirokawa, J.4    Sadanaga, Y.5
  • 72
    • 71649100837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applications of proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the sensitive and rapid real-time detection of solid high explosives
    • Mayhew, C. A., Sulzer, P., Petersson, F., Haidacher, S., Jordan, A., Märk, L., Watts, P., and Märk, T. D. (2010) Applications of proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the sensitive and rapid real-time detection of solid high explosives, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 289, 58-63.
    • (2010) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. , vol.289 , pp. 58-63
    • Mayhew, C.A.1    Sulzer, P.2    Petersson, F.3    Haidacher, S.4    Jordan, A.5    Märk, L.6    Watts, P.7    Märk, T.D.8
  • 74
    • 0344668784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Realtime breath monitoring of propofol and its volatile metabolites during surgery using a novel mass spectrometric technique: a feasibility study
    • Harrison, G. R., Critchley, A. D., Mayhew, C. A., and Thompson, J. M. (2003) Realtime breath monitoring of propofol and its volatile metabolites during surgery using a novel mass spectrometric technique: a feasibility study, Brit. J. Anaesth. 91, 797-799.
    • (2003) Brit. J. Anaesth. , vol.91 , pp. 797-799
    • Harrison, G.R.1    Critchley, A.D.2    Mayhew, C.A.3    Thompson, J.M.4
  • 76
    • 84967367152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolites in human breath: ion mobility spectrometers as diagnostic tools for lung diseases
    • in Amann A, and Smith D. (Eds.) World Scientific Publishing Company, New Jersey (USA), Part A
    • Baumbach, J. I., Vautz, W., and Ruzsanyi, V. (2005) Metabolites in human breath: ion mobility spectrometers as diagnostic tools for lung diseases, in Amann, A. and Smith, D. (Eds.) Breath Analysis for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring, World Scientific Publishing Company, New Jersey (USA), Part A, pp. 53-66.
    • (2005) Breath Analysis for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring , pp. 53-66
    • Baumbach, J.I.1    Vautz, W.2    Ruzsanyi, V.3
  • 79
    • 33846356443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion mobility spectrometry to detect lung cancer and airway infections
    • Baumbach, J. I. andWesthoff, M. (2006) Ion mobility spectrometry to detect lung cancer and airway infections, Spectrosc. Eur. 18, 22-27.
    • (2006) Spectrosc. Eur. , vol.18 , pp. 22-27
    • Baumbach, J.I.1    Westhoff, M.2
  • 80
    • 22044456844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of human metabolites using multi-capillary columns coupled to ion mobility spectrometers
    • Ruzsanyi, V., Baumbach, J. I., Sielemann, S., Litterst, P., Westhoff, M., and Freitag, L. (2005) Detection of human metabolites using multi-capillary columns coupled to ion mobility spectrometers, J. Chromatog. A 1084, 145-151.
    • (2005) J. Chromatog. A , vol.1084 , pp. 145-151
    • Ruzsanyi, V.1    Baumbach, J.I.2    Sielemann, S.3    Litterst, P.4    Westhoff, M.5    Freitag, L.6
  • 81
    • 11844286343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath diagnostics using laser spectroscopy
    • Murtz, M. (2005) Breath diagnostics using laser spectroscopy, Opt. Photon. News 16, 30-35.
    • (2005) Opt. Photon. News , vol.16 , pp. 30-35
    • Murtz, M.1
  • 82
    • 54249106024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of ethylene concentration by laser photoacoustic techniques with applications at breath analysis
    • Dumitras, D. C., Dutu, D. C., Matei, C., Magureanu, A. M., Petrus, M., Popa, C., and Patachia, M. (2008) Measurements of ethylene concentration by laser photoacoustic techniques with applications at breath analysis, Rom. Rep. Phys. 60, 593-602.
    • (2008) Rom. Rep. Phys. , vol.60 , pp. 593-602
    • Dumitras, D.C.1    Dutu, D.C.2    Matei, C.3    Magureanu, A.M.4    Petrus, M.5    Popa, C.6    Patachia, M.7
  • 83
    • 84919497866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances of laser spectroscopy based techniques for applications in breath analysis
    • McCurdy, M., Bakhirkin, Y., Wysocki, G., Lewicki, R., and Tittel, F. (2007) Recent advances of laser spectroscopy based techniques for applications in breath analysis, J. Breath Res. 1, 12.
    • (2007) J. Breath Res. , vol.1 , pp. 12
    • McCurdy, M.1    Bakhirkin, Y.2    Wysocki, G.3    Lewicki, R.4    Tittel, F.5
  • 84
    • 70350660718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy: Techniques and Applications
    • Blackwell Science Chichester
    • Engeln, R. and Berden, G. (2009) Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy: Techniques and Applications, Blackwell Science, Chichester, 344 pp.
    • (2009) , pp. 344
    • Engeln, R.1    Berden, G.2
  • 86
    • 1942424116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parts per trillion sensitivity for ethane in air with an optical parametric oscillator cavity leak-out spectrometer
    • Von Basum, G., Halmer, D., Hering, P.,Mürtz, M., Schiller, S.,Müller, F., Popp, A., and Kühnemann, F. (2004) Parts per trillion sensitivity for ethane in air with an optical parametric oscillator cavity leak-out spectrometer, Opt. Lett. 29, 797-799.
    • (2004) Opt. Lett. , vol.29 , pp. 797-799
    • Von Basum, G.1    Halmer, D.2    Hering, P.3    Mürtz, M.4    Schiller, S.5    Müller, F.6    Popp, A.7    Kühnemann, F.8
  • 88
    • 84886221621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instrumentation and sensors for human breath analysis
    • Mukhopadhyay, S.C. and Lay-Ekuakille, A. (Eds.) Springer-Verlag Publishers, Berlin
    • Simon, M. G. and Davis, C. E. (2010) Instrumentation and sensors for human breath analysis. In: Mukhopadhyay, S.C. and Lay-Ekuakille, A. (Eds.) Advances in Biomedical Sensing, Measurements, Instrumentation and Systems, Springer-Verlag Publishers, Berlin, iii + 354 pp.
    • (2010) Advances in Biomedical Sensing, Measurements, Instrumentation and Systems
    • Simon, M.G.1    Davis, C.E.2
  • 90
    • 45549096267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fiber-optic chemical sensors and biosensors
    • Wolfbeis, O. S. (2008) Fiber-optic chemical sensors and biosensors, Anal. Chem. 80, 4269-4283.
    • (2008) Anal. Chem. , vol.80 , pp. 4269-4283
    • Wolfbeis, O.S.1
  • 91
    • 0343944532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opto-chemical and opto-immuno sensors
    • Baltes, H.,Göpel,W., and Hesse, Ji (Eds.) VCH-Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, Germany
    • Gauglitz, G. (1996) Opto-chemical and opto-immuno sensors, In: Baltes, H.,Göpel,W., and Hesse, J. (Eds.) Sensors Update, VCH-Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, Germany, Vol. 1, pp. 1-49.
    • (1996) Sensors Update , vol.1
    • Gauglitz, G.1
  • 92
    • 0004167627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and Biochemical Sensing with Optical Fibers and Waveguides
    • (Eds.) Artech House Boston
    • Boisde, G. and Harmer, A. (Eds.) (1996) Chemical and Biochemical Sensing with Optical Fibers and Waveguides, Artech House, Boston, 389 pp.
    • (1996) , pp. 389
    • Boisde, G.1    Harmer, A.2
  • 93
    • 0032626631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface plasmon resonance sensors: review
    • Homola, J., Yee, S. S., and Gauglitz, G. (1999) Surface plasmon resonance sensors: review, Sens. Act. B 54, 3-15.
    • (1999) Sens. Act. B , vol.54 , pp. 3-15
    • Homola, J.1    Yee, S.S.2    Gauglitz, G.3
  • 94
    • 9444237996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer films in sensor applications: a review of present uses and future possibilities
    • Harsányi, G. (2000) Polymer films in sensor applications: a review of present uses and future possibilities, Sens. Rev. 20, 98-105.
    • (2000) Sens. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 98-105
    • Harsányi, G.1
  • 95
    • 73149111725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemically polymerized polypyrrole for on-chip concentration of volatile breath metabolites
    • Strand, N., Bhushan, A., Schivo, M., Kenyon, N., and Davis, C. E. (2010) Chemically polymerized polypyrrole for on-chip concentration of volatile breath metabolites, Sens. Act. B 143, 516-523.
    • (2010) Sens. Act. B , vol.143 , pp. 516-523
    • Strand, N.1    Bhushan, A.2    Schivo, M.3    Kenyon, N.4    Davis, C.E.5
  • 96
    • 0033138360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gas sensitivity of Langmuir-Blodgett films of a new asymmetrically substituted phthalocyanine
    • Hu, W., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Liu, S., Zhou, S., Zeng, P., and Zhu, D. B. (1999) The gas sensitivity of Langmuir-Blodgett films of a new asymmetrically substituted phthalocyanine, Sens. Act. B 56, 228-233.
    • (1999) Sens. Act. B , vol.56 , pp. 228-233
    • Hu, W.1    Liu, Y.2    Xu, Y.3    Liu, S.4    Zhou, S.5    Zeng, P.6    Zhu, D.B.7
  • 97
    • 0041824505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal oxide sensor
    • Meixner, H. and Lampe, U. (1996) Metal oxide sensor, Sens. Act. B 33, 198-202.
    • (1996) Sens. Act. B , vol.33 , pp. 198-202
    • Meixner, H.1    Lampe, U.2
  • 98
    • 0005969643 scopus 로고
    • Chemoresistive gas sensors
    • In Ciureany P. and Middelhoek S. (Eds.) IOP Publishing Ltd., Bristol PA
    • Vancu, A., Ionescu, R., and Bârsan, N. (1992) Chemoresistive gas sensors, In Ciureany, P. and Middelhoek, S. (Eds.) Thin Film Resistive Sensors, IOP Publishing Ltd., Bristol, PA, 437 pp.
    • (1992) Thin Film Resistive Sensors , pp. 437
    • Vancu, A.1    Ionescu, R.2    Bârsan, N.3
  • 99
    • 64349106330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a lead oxide photopatternable organic-inorganic film
    • Han, H., Sutherland, A., Yaghmaie, F., and Davis, C. E. (2009) Development of a lead oxide photopatternable organic-inorganic film, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 144106 3 pp.
    • (2009) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.94
    • Han, H.1    Sutherland, A.2    Yaghmaie, F.3    Davis, C.E.4
  • 100
    • 0037021787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas and humidity sensors based on iron oxide-polypyrrole nanocomposites
    • Suri, K., Annapoorni, S., Sarkar, A. K., and Tandon, R. P. (2002) Gas and humidity sensors based on iron oxide-polypyrrole nanocomposites, Sens. Act. B 81, 277-282.
    • (2002) Sens. Act. B , vol.81 , pp. 277-282
    • Suri, K.1    Annapoorni, S.2    Sarkar, A.K.3    Tandon, R.P.4
  • 101
    • 73649109531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymeric acrylate-based hybrid films containing lead and iron patterned by UV photo-polymerization
    • Han, H., Bissell, J., Yaghmaie, F., and Davis, C. E. (2010) Polymeric acrylate-based hybrid films containing lead and iron patterned by UV photo-polymerization, Langmuir 26, 515-520.
    • (2010) Langmuir , vol.26 , pp. 515-520
    • Han, H.1    Bissell, J.2    Yaghmaie, F.3    Davis, C.E.4
  • 102
    • 14844321733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Point-Contact Spectroscopy
    • (Eds.) Springer Verlag New York
    • Naidyuk, Yu. G. and Yanson, I. K. (Eds.) (2005) Point-Contact Spectroscopy, Springer Verlag, New York, 297 pp.
    • (2005) , pp. 297
    • Naidyuk Yu, G.1    Yanson, I.K.2
  • 104
    • 0035368902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and quantification of nitric oxide in human breath using a semiconducting oxide based chemiresistive microsensor
    • Fruhberger, B., Stirling, N., Grillo, F. G., Ma, S., Ruthven, D., Lad, R. J., and Frederick, B. G. (2001) Detection and quantification of nitric oxide in human breath using a semiconducting oxide based chemiresistive microsensor, Sens. Act., B 76, 226-234.
    • (2001) Sens. Act., B , vol.76 , pp. 226-234
    • Fruhberger, B.1    Stirling, N.2    Grillo, F.G.3    Ma, S.4    Ruthven, D.5    Lad, R.J.6    Frederick, B.G.7
  • 106
    • 0035368909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humidity sensors for a pulmonary function diagnostic microsystem
    • Laville, C., Delétage, J. Y., and Pellet, C. (2001) Humidity sensors for a pulmonary function diagnostic microsystem, Sens. Act., B 76, 304-309.
    • (2001) Sens. Act. B , vol.76 , pp. 304-309
    • Laville, C.1    Delétage, J.Y.2    Pellet, C.3
  • 108
    • 0034253311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of diabetes by image detection of breath using gas-sensitive laps
    • Zhang, Q.,Wang, P., Li, J., and Gao, X. (2000) Diagnosis of diabetes by image detection of breath using gas-sensitive laps, Biosens. Bioelectron. 15, 249-256.
    • (2000) Biosens. Bioelectron. , vol.15 , pp. 249-256
    • Zhang, Q.1    Wang, P.2    Li, J.3    Gao, X.4
  • 110
    • 84886148513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Portable breath analysis: mid IR, opto-fluidic ring resonator approaches
    • (presented at the 2009 Pittsburgh Conference)(see)
    • Risby, T. H. (2009) Portable breath analysis: mid IR, opto-fluidic ring resonator approaches (presented at the 2009 Pittsburgh Conference) (see http://www.bioopticsworld.com/articles/2009/03/portable-breath-analysis-johns-hopkins-u-ofmissouri-report-mid-ir-opto-fluidic-ring-resonator-approaches.html).
    • (2009)
    • Risby, T.H.1
  • 111
    • 84886118095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optofluidic ring resonators for new gas chromatography applications, SPIE Biomedical Optics and Medical Imaging Publications
    • Bellingham, WA (USA)
    • Fan, X. and Sun, Y. (2009) Optofluidic ring resonators for new gas chromatography applications, SPIE Biomedical Optics and Medical Imaging Publications, Bellingham, WA (USA), DOI: 10.1117/2.1200904.1621.
    • (2009)
    • Fan, X.1    Sun, Y.2
  • 112
    • 84861904513 scopus 로고
    • Lung function studies: II The respiratory dead space
    • Fowler, W. S. (1948) Lung function studies: II. The respiratory dead space, Am. J. Physiol., 154, 405-416.
    • (1948) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.154 , pp. 405-416
    • Fowler, W.S.1
  • 113
    • 84972105555 scopus 로고
    • Über die Lungenathmung
    • Bohr, C. (1891) Über die Lungenathmung, Skand. Arch. Physiol. 2, 236-268.
    • (1891) Skand. Arch. Physiol. , vol.2 , pp. 236-268
    • Bohr, C.1
  • 114
    • 0037433377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ethanol concentrations in venous blood and end-expired breath during a controlled drinking study
    • Jones, A. W. and Andersson, L. (2003) Comparison of ethanol concentrations in venous blood and end-expired breath during a controlled drinking study, For. Sci. Int. 132, 18-25.
    • (2003) For. Sci. Int. , vol.132 , pp. 18-25
    • Jones, A.W.1    Andersson, L.2
  • 115
    • 0024416435 scopus 로고
    • Elevated concentration of acetone and unidentified compounds in the breath alcohol abusers
    • Phillips, M., Greenberg, J., Martinez, V. (1989) Elevated concentration of acetone and unidentified compounds in the breath alcohol abusers. Alcohol. Clin. Exp., Res. 13, 523-526.
    • (1989) Alcohol. Clin. Exp., Res. , vol.13 , pp. 523-526
    • Phillips, M.1    Greenberg, J.2    Martinez, V.3
  • 117
    • 17644363081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATS/ERS recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide
    • American Thoracic Society Documents
    • American Thoracic Society Documents (2005) ATS/ERS recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 171, 912-930.
    • (2005) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.171 , pp. 912-930
  • 119
    • 82455191488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History, technical and regulatory aspects of exhaled nitric oxide
    • Silkoff, P. (2008) History, technical and regulatory aspects of exhaled nitric oxide, J. Breath Res. 2, 8.
    • (2008) J. Breath Res. , vol.2 , pp. 8
    • Silkoff, P.1
  • 120
    • 0032840698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for the standardized offline collection of exhaled nitric oxide
    • Silkoff, P. E., Stevens, A., Pak, J., Bucher-Bartelson, B., and Martin, R. J. (2009) A method for the standardized offline collection of exhaled nitric oxide, Chest 116, 754-759.
    • (2009) Chest , vol.116 , pp. 754-759
    • Silkoff, P.E.1    Stevens, A.2    Pak, J.3    Bucher-Bartelson, B.4    Martin, R.J.5
  • 121
    • 0033429105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for standardized procedures for the on-line and off-line measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in adults and children
    • ATS
    • ATS (1999) Recommendations for standardized procedures for the on-line and off-line measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in adults and children, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160, 2104-2117.
    • (1999) Am J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.160 , pp. 2104-2117
  • 122
    • 0031809547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nitric oxide in inflammation and immunity
    • Clancy, R. M., Amin, A. R., and Abramson, S. B. (1998) The role of nitric oxide in inflammation and immunity, Arthritis Rheum. 41, 1141-1151.
    • (1998) Arthritis Rheum , vol.41 , pp. 1141-1151
    • Clancy, R.M.1    Amin, A.R.2    Abramson, S.B.3
  • 123
    • 17644363081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide
    • ATS/ERS
    • ATS/ERS (2005) Recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 171, 912-30.
    • (2005) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.171 , pp. 912-930
  • 124
    • 84886151783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath test and gastroenterology
    • (available at last accessed date 19 February 2011
    • Hamilton, L. H. (1998) Breath test and gastroenterology, Quintron Instrument Co. (available at http://www.quintron-usa.com/images/pdfs/Support_Files/Certs_References/Breath-Hydrogen-Methane-Test_Book.pdf) last accessed date 19 February 2011.
    • (1998) Quintron Instrument Co
    • Hamilton, L.H.1
  • 125
    • 0031660184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea breath test: a diagnostic tool in the management of Helicobacter pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases
    • Peeters, M. (1998) Urea breath test: a diagnostic tool in the management of Helicobacter pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases, Acta Gastroenterol. Belg. 61, 332-335.
    • (1998) Acta Gastroenterol Belg. , vol.61 , pp. 332-335
    • Peeters, M.1
  • 126
    • 21744460400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori detection: present status
    • Pathak, C. M., Bhasin, D. K., and Khanduja, K. L. (2004) Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori detection: present status, Trop. Gastroenterol. 25, 156-161.
    • (2004) Trop. Gastroenterol. , vol.25 , pp. 156-161
    • Pathak, C.M.1    Bhasin, D.K.2    Khanduja, K.L.3
  • 128
    • 0023850584 scopus 로고
    • Carbon-14 urea breath test for the diagnosis of Campylobacter pylori associated gastritis
    • Marshall, B. J. and Surveyor, I., (1988) Carbon-14 urea breath test for the diagnosis of Campylobacter pylori associated gastritis, J. Nucl. Med. 29, 11-16.
    • (1988) J. Nucl. Med. , vol.29 , pp. 11-16
    • Marshall, B.J.1    Surveyor, I.2
  • 129
    • 0027363532 scopus 로고
    • Accuracyofarapid10-minutecarbon-14ureabreathtest for thediagnosisofHelicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease
    • Kao, C.-H., Huang, C.-K., Wang, S. -J, Hsu, C.-Y., Lin, W.-Y., and Chen, G.-H. (1993) Accuracyofarapid10-minutecarbon-14ureabreathtest for thediagnosisofHelicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag. 20, 708-711.
    • (1993) Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag. , vol.20 , pp. 708-711
    • Kao, C.-H.1    Huang, C.-K.2    Wang S.-J Hsu, C.-Y.3    Lin, W.-Y.4    Chen, G.-H.5
  • 130
    • 0034743601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simplified 13C-urea breath test for detection of helicobacter pylori infection
    • Graham, D. Y., Malaty, H. M., Cole, R. A., Martin, R. F., and Klein, P. D. (2001) Simplified 13C-urea breath test for detection of helicobacter pylori infection, Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96, 1741-1745.
    • (2001) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.96 , pp. 1741-1745
    • Graham, D.Y.1    Malaty, H.M.2    Cole, R.A.3    Martin, R.F.4    Klein, P.D.5
  • 131
    • 0034953698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of aldehydes and ketones in air samples using cryotrapping sampling
    • Levart, A. and Veber,M. (2001) Determination of aldehydes and ketones in air samples using cryotrapping sampling, Chemosphere 44, 701-708.
    • (2001) Chemosphere , vol.44 , pp. 701-708
    • Levart, A.1    Veber, M.2
  • 132
    • 0023219881 scopus 로고
    • Gas chromatographic method for the estimation of acetone and its metabolites in biological samples
    • Peinado, J., Lopez-Soriano, F. J., and Argiles, J. M. (1978) Gas chromatographic method for the estimation of acetone and its metabolites in biological samples, J. Chromatog. B 415, 372-376.
    • (1978) J. Chromatog. B , vol.415 , pp. 372-376
    • Peinado, J.1    Lopez-Soriano, F.J.2    Argiles, J.M.3
  • 133
    • 84886116825 scopus 로고
    • Method to prevent neonatal jaundice pylori associated gastritis
    • United States Patent 4831024
    • United States Patent 4831024 (1988) Method to prevent neonatal jaundice pylori associated gastritis, J. Nucl. Med. 29, 11-16.
    • (1988) J. Nucl. Med. , vol.29 , pp. 11-16
  • 134
    • 0033801596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of age on the breath methylated alkane contour, a display of apparent new markers of oxidative stress
    • Phillips, M., Cataneo, R. N., Greenberg, J., Gunawardena, R., Naidu, A., and Rahbari- Oskoui, F. (2000) Effect of age on the breath methylated alkane contour, a display of apparent new markers of oxidative stress, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 136, 243-249.
    • (2000) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.136 , pp. 243-249
    • Phillips, M.1    Cataneo, R.N.2    Greenberg, J.3    Gunawardena, R.4    Naidu, A.5    Rahbari-Oskoui, F.6
  • 137
    • 0030939301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled human breath measurements for assessing exposure to halogenated volatile organic compounds
    • Pleil, J. D. and Lindstrom, A. B. (1997) Exhaled human breath measurements for assessing exposure to halogenated volatile organic compounds, Clin. Chem. 43, 723-730.
    • (1997) Clin. Chem. , vol.43 , pp. 723-730
    • Pleil, J.D.1    Lindstrom, A.B.2
  • 140
    • 0142055950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and cardiovascular injury. Part I: basic mechanisms and in vivo monitoring of ROS
    • Griendling, K. K. and FitzGerald, G. A. (2003) Oxidative stress and cardiovascular injury. Part I: basic mechanisms and in vivo monitoring of ROS, Circulation 108, 1912-1916.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 1912-1916
    • Griendling, K.K.1    FitzGerald, G.A.2
  • 141
    • 84886170940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last accessed date 19 February
    • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_stress, last accessed date 19 February 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 142
    • 0028277936 scopus 로고
    • The potential of the hydrocarbon breath test as a measure of lipid peroxidation
    • Kneppkens, C. M., Lepage, G., and Roy, C. C. (1994) The potential of the hydrocarbon breath test as a measure of lipid peroxidation, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 17, 127-160.
    • (1994) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 127-160
    • Kneppkens, C.M.1    Lepage, G.2    Roy, C.C.3
  • 143
    • 0023725902 scopus 로고
    • Plasma vitamin E and selenium and breath pentane in home parenteral nutrition patients
    • Lemoyne, M.,VanGossum, A., Kurian, R., and Jeejeebhoy,K.N. (1988) Plasma vitamin E and selenium and breath pentane in home parenteral nutrition patients, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 48, 1310-1315.
    • (1988) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.48 , pp. 1310-1315
    • Lemoyne, M.1    VanGossum, A.2    Kurian, R.3    Jeejeebhoy, K.N.4
  • 144
    • 0026047596 scopus 로고
    • Utility of breath ethane as a non-invasive vitamin E biomarker of status in children
    • Refat, M., Moore, T., Kazui, M., Risby, T. H., Perman, J., and Schwarz, K. (1991) Utility of breath ethane as a non-invasive vitamin E biomarker of status in children, Pediatr. Res. 30, 396-403.
    • (1991) Pediatr. Res. , vol.30 , pp. 396-403
    • Refat, M.1    Moore, T.2    Kazui, M.3    Risby, T.H.4    Perman, J.5    Schwarz, K.6
  • 146
    • 68149152879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in oxidative stress during outpatient surgery
    • Brown, R. H. and Risby, T. H. (2009) Changes in oxidative stress during outpatient surgery, J. Breath Res. 3, 5.
    • (2009) J. Breath Res. , vol.3 , pp. 5
    • Brown, R.H.1    Risby, T.H.2
  • 147
    • 68149120243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol and in vivo oxidative stress: effects of preservative
    • Brown, R. H.,Wagner, E. M., Cope, K. A., and Risby, T. H. (2009) Propofol and in vivo oxidative stress: effects of preservative, J. Breath Res. 3, 5.
    • (2009) J. Breath Res. , vol.3 , pp. 5
    • Brown, R.H.1    Wagner, E.M.2    Cope, K.A.3    Risby, T.H.4
  • 149
    • 0034653790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath alkanes as a marker of oxidative stress in different clinical conditions
    • Aghdassi, E. and Allard, J. P. (2000) Breath alkanes as a marker of oxidative stress in different clinical conditions, Free Rad. Biol. Med. 28, 880-886.
    • (2000) Free Rad. Biol. Med. , vol.28 , pp. 880-886
    • Aghdassi, E.1    Allard, J.P.2
  • 150
    • 0036146786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of some pulmonary diseases in exhaled breath
    • Kharitonov, S.A. and Barnes, P. J. (2002) Biomarkers of some pulmonary diseases in exhaled breath, Biomarkers 7, 1-32.
    • (2002) Biomarkers , vol.7 , pp. 1-32
    • Kharitonov, S.A.1    Barnes, P.J.2
  • 151
    • 0344443863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers in breath condensate: a promising new noninvasive technique in free radical research
    • Rahman, I. and Kelly, F. (2003) Biomarkers in breath condensate: a promising new noninvasive technique in free radical research, Free Radic. Res. 37, 1253-1266.
    • (2003) Free Radic. Res. , vol.37 , pp. 1253-1266
    • Rahman, I.1    Kelly, F.2
  • 153
    • 0014940560 scopus 로고
    • Acetone in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Sulway, M. J. and Malins, J. M. (1970) Acetone in diabetic ketoacidosis, Lancet 296, 736-740.
    • (1970) Lancet , vol.296 , pp. 736-740
    • Sulway, M.J.1    Malins, J.M.2
  • 154
    • 67650707879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath acetone analysis with miniaturized sample preparation device: in-needle preconcentration and subsequent determination by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy
    • Ueta, I., Saito, Y., Hosoe, M., Okamoto, M., Ohkita, H., Shirai, S., Tamura, H., and Jinno, K. (2009) Breath acetone analysis with miniaturized sample preparation device: in-needle preconcentration and subsequent determination by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, J. Chromatog. B 877, 2551-2556.
    • (2009) J. Chromatog. B , vol.877 , pp. 2551-2556
    • Ueta, I.1    Saito, Y.2    Hosoe, M.3    Okamoto, M.4    Ohkita, H.5    Shirai, S.6    Tamura, H.7    Jinno, K.8
  • 155
    • 0014693864 scopus 로고
    • Breath-acetone and blood-sugar measurements in diabetes
    • Tassopoulos, C. N. (1969) Breath-acetone and blood-sugar measurements in diabetes. The Lancet 293, 1282-1286.
    • (1969) The Lancet , vol.293 , pp. 1282-1286
    • Tassopoulos, C.N.1
  • 156
    • 0037414543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the mammalian metabolism of acetone: from chemistry to clinical implications
    • Kalapos, M. P. (2003) On the mammalian metabolism of acetone: from chemistry to clinical implications, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1621, 122-139.
    • (2003) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1621 , pp. 122-139
    • Kalapos, M.P.1
  • 157
  • 158
    • 0024423544 scopus 로고
    • Fuel selection and carbon flux during the starved-to-fed transition
    • Sugden, M. C., Holness, M. J., and Palmer, T. N. (1989) Fuel selection and carbon flux during the starved-to-fed transition, Biochem. J. 263, 313-323.
    • (1989) Biochem. J. , vol.263 , pp. 313-323
    • Sugden, M.C.1    Holness, M.J.2    Palmer, T.N.3
  • 159
    • 0016809268 scopus 로고
    • Breath acetone and ketonemia in normal and overweight subjects during total fasting
    • Göschke, H. and Lauffenburger, T. H. (1975) Breath acetone and ketonemia in normal and overweight subjects during total fasting, Res. Exp. Med. 165, 233-244.
    • (1975) Res. Exp. Med. , vol.165 , pp. 233-244
    • Göschke, H.1    Lauffenburger, T.H.2
  • 162
    • 0015605598 scopus 로고
    • Effect of aminotriazole on isopropanol- and acetoneinduced of CCI4 hepatotoxicity
    • Traiger, G. J., Plaa, G. L. (1973) Effect of aminotriazole on isopropanol- and acetoneinduced of CCI4 hepatotoxicity, Can. J. Physiol. 51, 291-296.
    • (1973) Can. J. Physiol. , vol.51 , pp. 291-296
    • Traiger, G.J.1    Plaa, G.L.2
  • 163
    • 0015678887 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic pathways involved in the oxidation of isopropanol into acetone by the intact rat
    • Nordmann, R., Ribiere, C., Rouach, H., Beauge, F., Giudicelli, Y., and Nordmann, J. (1973) Metabolic pathways involved in the oxidation of isopropanol into acetone by the intact rat, Life Sci. 13, 919-932.
    • (1973) Life Sci , vol.13 , pp. 919-932
    • Nordmann, R.1    Ribiere, C.2    Rouach, H.3    Beauge, F.4    Giudicelli, Y.5    Nordmann, J.6
  • 164
    • 0033969097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elimination half-life of acetone in humans: case reports and review of the literature
    • Jones, A.W. (2000) Elimination half-life of acetone in humans: case reports and review of the literature, J. Anal. Toxicol. 24, 8-10.
    • (2000) J. Anal. Toxicol. , vol.24 , pp. 8-10
    • Jones, A.W.1
  • 165
    • 0033861101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Jones, A. E. and Summers, R. L. (2000) Detection of isopropyl alcohol in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, J. Emerg. Med. 19, 165-168.
    • (2000) J. Emerg. Med. , vol.19 , pp. 165-168
    • Jones, A.E.1    Summers, R.L.2
  • 166
    • 0028986759 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Lebovitz, H. E. (1995) Diabetic ketoacidosis, Lancet 345, 67-72.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 67-72
    • Lebovitz, H.E.1
  • 169
    • 39749184136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploratory comparative study of volatile compounds in exhaled breath and emitted by skin using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry
    • Turner, C., Parekh, B., Walton, C., Spanel, P., Smith, D., and Evans, M. (2008) An exploratory comparative study of volatile compounds in exhaled breath and emitted by skin using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 22, 526-532.
    • (2008) Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. , vol.22 , pp. 526-532
    • Turner, C.1    Parekh, B.2    Walton, C.3    Spanel, P.4    Smith, D.5    Evans, M.6
  • 170
    • 0030257858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorption semiconductor sensor for diabetic ketoacidosis diagnosis
    • Makisimovich, N. (1996) Adsorption semiconductor sensor for diabetic ketoacidosis diagnosis, Sens. Act. B 35-36, 419-421.
    • (1996) Sens. Act. B 35-36 , pp. 419-421
    • Makisimovich, N.1
  • 171
    • 0034253311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of diabetes by image detection of breath using gas-sensitive laps
    • Zhang, Q.,Wang, P., Li, J., and Gao, X. (2000) Diagnosis of diabetes by image detection of breath using gas-sensitive laps, Biosens. Bioelectron. 15, 249-256.
    • (2000) Biosens. Bioelectron. , vol.15 , pp. 249-256
    • Zhang, Q.1    Wang, P.2    Li, J.3    Gao, X.4
  • 172
    • 3843052468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of cavity ringdown spectroscopy of acetone in the ultraviolet and near-infrared spectral regions: potential for development of a breath analyzer
    • Wang C., Scherrer, S. T., and Hossain, D. (2004) Measurements of cavity ringdown spectroscopy of acetone in the ultraviolet and near-infrared spectral regions: potential for development of a breath analyzer, Appl. Spectrosc. 58, 784-791.
    • (2004) Appl. Spectrosc. , vol.58 , pp. 784-791
    • Wang, C.1    Scherrer, S.T.2    Hossain, D.3
  • 173
    • 0033526615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile organic compounds in breath as markers of lung cancer: a cross-sectional study
    • Phillips, M., Gleeson, K., Hughes, J. M. B., Greenberg, J., Cataneo, R. N., Baker, L., and McVay,W. P. (1999) Volatile organic compounds in breath as markers of lung cancer: a cross-sectional study, Lancet 353, 1930-1933.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1930-1933
    • Phillips, M.1    Gleeson, K.2    Hughes, J.M.B.3    Greenberg, J.4    Cataneo, R.N.5    Baker, L.6    McVay, W.P.7
  • 176
    • 68149091274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous volatile organic compounds in breath and blood of healthy volunteers: examining breath analysis as a surrogate for blood measurements
    • O'Hara, M. E., Clutton-Brock, T. H., Green, S., and Mayhew, C. A. (2009) Endogenous volatile organic compounds in breath and blood of healthy volunteers: examining breath analysis as a surrogate for blood measurements, J. Breath Res. 3, 10.
    • (2009) J. Breath Res. , vol.3 , pp. 10
    • O'Hara, M.E.1    Clutton-Brock, T.H.2    Green, S.3    Mayhew, C.A.4
  • 178
    • 0036336337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath markers and soluble lipid peroxidation markers in critically ill patients
    • Scholpp, J. (2002) Breath markers and soluble lipid peroxidation markers in critically ill patients, Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 40, 587-594.
    • (2002) Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. , vol.40 , pp. 587-594
    • Scholpp, J.1
  • 179
    • 0031799703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a new method for analysis of exhaled gas in critically ill patients
    • Schubert, J. K. (1998) Application of a new method for analysis of exhaled gas in critically ill patients, Intens. Care Med. 24, 415-421.
    • (1998) Intens. Care Med. , vol.24 , pp. 415-421
    • Schubert, J.K.1
  • 182
    • 0033018798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel family of multi-layer cartridges filled with a new carbon adsorbent for the quantitative determination of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere
    • Brancaleoni, E., Scovaventi, M., Frattoni, M., Mabilia, R., and Ciccioli, P. (1999) Novel family of multi-layer cartridges filled with a new carbon adsorbent for the quantitative determination of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, J. Chromatog. A 845, 317-328.
    • (1999) J. Chromatog. A , vol.845 , pp. 317-328
    • Brancaleoni, E.1    Scovaventi, M.2    Frattoni, M.3    Mabilia, R.4    Ciccioli, P.5
  • 184
    • 84886181391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special Methods of Solvent Analysis. Use of Breath Monitoring to Assess Exposures to Volatile Organic Solvents in Handbook of solvents
    • George Wypych (Ed.) ChemTech Publishing (William Andrew Publishing) Toronto (Canada)
    • Petreas, M. (2001) Special Methods of Solvent Analysis. Use of Breath Monitoring to Assess Exposures to Volatile Organic Solvents, in Handbook of solvents. George Wypych (Ed.), ChemTech Publishing (William Andrew Publishing) Toronto (Canada), pp. 1078-1088.
    • (2001) , pp. 1078-1088
    • Petreas, M.1
  • 185
    • 0034495846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of canister and solid adsorbent sampling techniques for determination of volatile organic hydrocarbons
    • Tolnai, B., Hlavay, J., Moller, D., Prumke, H. J., Becker, H., and Dostler, M. (2000) Combination of canister and solid adsorbent sampling techniques for determination of volatile organic hydrocarbons, Microchem. J. 67, 163-169.
    • (2000) Microchem. J. , vol.67 , pp. 163-169
    • Tolnai, B.1    Hlavay, J.2    Moller, D.3    Prumke, H.J.4    Becker, H.5    Dostler, M.6
  • 186
    • 34250004402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breath air analysis and its use as a biomarker in biological monitoring of occupational and environmental exposure to chemical agents
    • Amorim, L. Coelho A., and Cardeal Z. De L. (2007) Breath air analysis and its use as a biomarker in biological monitoring of occupational and environmental exposure to chemical agents, J. Chromatog. B 853, 1-9.
    • (2007) J. Chromatog. B , vol.853 , pp. 1-9
    • Amorim, L.1    Coelho, A.2    Cardeal, Z.3    De, L.4
  • 188
    • 0035701130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human exposure to volatile organic pollutants: implications for indoor air studies
    • Wallace, L. A. (2001) Human exposure to volatile organic pollutants: implications for indoor air studies, Ann. Rev. Ener. Environ. 26, 269-301.
    • (2001) Ann. Rev. Ener. Environ. , vol.26 , pp. 269-301
    • Wallace, L.A.1
  • 189
    • 0035346207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of chlorinated solvents in exhaled air, urine, and blood of subjects exposed in the workplace using SPME and GC-MS
    • Guidotti, M., Onorati, B., Lucarelli, E., Blasi, G., and Ravaioli, G. (2001) Determination of chlorinated solvents in exhaled air, urine, and blood of subjects exposed in the workplace using SPME and GC-MS, Am. Clin. Lab. 20, 23-26.
    • (2001) Am. Clin. Lab. , vol.20 , pp. 23-26
    • Guidotti, M.1    Onorati, B.2    Lucarelli, E.3    Blasi, G.4    Ravaioli, G.5
  • 190
    • 0035989567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between environmental exposure to toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene and the expired breath concentrations for gasoline service workers
    • Chen, M. L., Chen, S. H., Guo, B. R., and Mao, I. F. (2002) Relationship between environmental exposure to toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene and the expired breath concentrations for gasoline service workers, J. Environ. Monit. 4, 562-566.
    • (2002) J. Environ. Monit. , vol.4 , pp. 562-566
    • Chen, M.L.1    Chen, S.H.2    Guo, B.R.3    Mao, I.F.4
  • 191
    • 3242662511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afield method for near real-time analysis of perchloroethylene in end-exhaled breath
    • Sweet, N. D., Burroughs, G. E., Ewers, L., and Talaska, G. (2004)Afield method for near real-time analysis of perchloroethylene in end-exhaled breath, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 1, 515-520.
    • (2004) J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. , vol.1 , pp. 515-520
    • Sweet, N.D.1    Burroughs, G.E.2    Ewers, L.3    Talaska, G.4
  • 192
    • 0041425157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of breath, blood and urine concentrations in the biomonitoring of environmental exposure to 1,3-butadiene, 2,5-dimethylfuran, and benzene
    • Perbellini, L., Princivalle, A., Cerpelloni, M., Pasini, F., and Brugnone, F. (2003) Comparison of breath, blood and urine concentrations in the biomonitoring of environmental exposure to 1,3-butadiene, 2,5-dimethylfuran, and benzene, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 76, 461-466.
    • (2003) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.76 , pp. 461-466
    • Perbellini, L.1    Princivalle, A.2    Cerpelloni, M.3    Pasini, F.4    Brugnone, F.5
  • 193
    • 33745620532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled Breath Condensate: An Introduction
    • Respiratory Research Inc
    • Respiratory Research, Inc. (2005) Exhaled Breath Condensate: An Introduction, www.respiratoryresearch.com.
    • (2005)
  • 194
    • 14044252163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of exhaled breath condensates in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a critical review
    • Effros, R. M., Su, J., Casaburi, R., Shaker, R., Biller, J., and Dunning, M. (2005) Utility of exhaled breath condensates in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a critical review, Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 11, 135-139.
    • (2005) Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. , vol.11 , pp. 135-139
    • Effros, R.M.1    Su, J.2    Casaburi, R.3    Shaker, R.4    Biller, J.5    Dunning, M.6
  • 197
    • 10944264643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization and validation of an ion chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of sodium, ammonium and potassium in exhaled breath condensate
    • Svensson, S., Isacsson, A. C., Ljungkvist, G., Toren, K., and Olin, A. C. (2005) Optimization and validation of an ion chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of sodium, ammonium and potassium in exhaled breath condensate, J. Chromatog. B 814, 173-177.
    • (2005) J. Chromatog. B , vol.814 , pp. 173-177
    • Svensson, S.1    Isacsson, A.C.2    Ljungkvist, G.3    Toren, K.4    Olin, A.C.5
  • 198
    • 53149084443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design-of-experiment optimization of exhaled breath condensate analysis using a miniature differential mobility spectrometer (DMS)
    • Molina, M. A., Zhao, W., Sankaran, S., Schivo, M., Kenyon, N. J., and Davis, C. E. (2008) Design-of-experiment optimization of exhaled breath condensate analysis using a miniature differential mobility spectrometer (DMS), Anal. Chim. Acta 628, 155-161.
    • (2008) Anal. Chim. Acta , vol.628 , pp. 155-161
    • Molina, M.A.1    Zhao, W.2    Sankaran, S.3    Schivo, M.4    Kenyon, N.J.5    Davis, C.E.6
  • 199
    • 11144252646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled breath measures of inflammation: are they useful in neonatal chronic lung disease?
    • Harrison, C. M. and Andersen, C. C. (2005) Exhaled breath measures of inflammation: are they useful in neonatal chronic lung disease? Arch. Dis. Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 90, F6-F10.
    • (2005) Arch. Dis. Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. , vol.90
    • Harrison, C.M.1    Andersen, C.C.2
  • 200
    • 84883601497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical issues for breath analysis (editorial)
    • Risby, T. H. (2008) Critical issues for breath analysis (editorial), J. Breath Res. 2, 3.
    • (2008) J. Breath Res. , vol.2 , pp. 3
    • Risby, T.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.