메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

Label-free in vitro toxicity and uptake assessment of citrate stabilised gold nanoparticles in three cell lines

Author keywords

Cell impedance; Gold nanoparticles; Hyperspectral imaging; in vitro toxicity; Label free; Uptake

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; CITRIC ACID; GOLD NANOPARTICLE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE;

EID: 84885063070     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17438977     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-50     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (96)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 77950145080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials and nanotechnologies-a review
    • 10.1016/j.tox.2010.01.013, 20105448
    • Savolainen K, Alenius H, Norppa H, Pylkkanen L, Tuomi T, Kasper G. Risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials and nanotechnologies-a review. Toxicology 2010, 269:92-104. 10.1016/j.tox.2010.01.013, 20105448.
    • (2010) Toxicology , vol.269 , pp. 92-104
    • Savolainen, K.1    Alenius, H.2    Norppa, H.3    Pylkkanen, L.4    Tuomi, T.5    Kasper, G.6
  • 3
    • 77951296547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenously administered gold nanoparticles pass through the blood-retinal barrier depending on the particle size, and induce no retinal toxicity
    • 10.1088/0957-4484/20/50/505101, 19923650
    • Kim JH, Kim JH, Kim KW, Kim MH, Yu YS. Intravenously administered gold nanoparticles pass through the blood-retinal barrier depending on the particle size, and induce no retinal toxicity. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:505101. 10.1088/0957-4484/20/50/505101, 19923650.
    • (2009) Nanotechnology , vol.20 , pp. 505101
    • Kim, J.H.1    Kim, J.H.2    Kim, K.W.3    Kim, M.H.4    Yu, Y.S.5
  • 4
    • 70349984818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the In Vivo Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles
    • 10.1007/s11671-009-9334-6, 2894102,2894102, 20596373
    • Chen Y-S, Hung Y-C, Liau I, Huang GS. Assessment of the In Vivo Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009, 4:858-864. 10.1007/s11671-009-9334-6, 2894102,2894102, 20596373.
    • (2009) Nanoscale Res Lett , vol.4 , pp. 858-864
    • Chen, Y.-S.1    Hung, Y.-C.2    Liau, I.3    Huang, G.S.4
  • 5
    • 67650693985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aqueous synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity in human dermal fibroblasts-fetal
    • 10.1088/1748-6041/4/2/025007, 19258699
    • Qu Y, Lu X. Aqueous synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity in human dermal fibroblasts-fetal. Biomed Mater 2009, 4:025007. 10.1088/1748-6041/4/2/025007, 19258699.
    • (2009) Biomed Mater , vol.4 , pp. 025007
    • Qu, Y.1    Lu, X.2
  • 7
    • 84863203317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uptake and cytotoxicity of citrate-coated gold nanospheres: Comparative studies on human endothelial and epithelial cells
    • 10.1186/1743-8977-9-23, 3407003, 22759355
    • Freese C, Uboldi C, Gibson MI, Unger RE, Weksler BB, Romero IA, Couraud PO, Kirkpatrick CJ. Uptake and cytotoxicity of citrate-coated gold nanospheres: Comparative studies on human endothelial and epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2012, 9:23. 10.1186/1743-8977-9-23, 3407003, 22759355.
    • (2012) Part Fibre Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 23
    • Freese, C.1    Uboldi, C.2    Gibson, M.I.3    Unger, R.E.4    Weksler, B.B.5    Romero, I.A.6    Couraud, P.O.7    Kirkpatrick, C.J.8
  • 8
    • 84866972089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro cytotoxicity assay on gold nanoparticles with different stabilizing agents
    • doi: 10.1155/2012/734398
    • Vijayakumar S, Ganesan S. In vitro cytotoxicity assay on gold nanoparticles with different stabilizing agents. J Nanomater 2012, 2012. doi: 10.1155/2012/734398.
    • (2012) J Nanomater , vol.2012
    • Vijayakumar, S.1    Ganesan, S.2
  • 9
    • 84856413906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro toxicity of serum protein-adsorbed citrate-reduced gold nanoparticles in human lung adenocarcinoma cells
    • 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.11.016, 22178767
    • Choi SY, Jeong S, Jang SH, Park J, Park JH, Ock KS, Lee SY, Joo SW. In vitro toxicity of serum protein-adsorbed citrate-reduced gold nanoparticles in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2012, 26:229-237. 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.11.016, 22178767.
    • (2012) Toxicol In Vitro , vol.26 , pp. 229-237
    • Choi, S.Y.1    Jeong, S.2    Jang, S.H.3    Park, J.4    Park, J.H.5    Ock, K.S.6    Lee, S.Y.7    Joo, S.W.8
  • 10
    • 63449105617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in human cells
    • 10.1021/nn800596w, 19236062
    • AshaRani PV, Low Kah Mun G, Hande MP, Valiyaveettil S. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in human cells. ACS Nano 2009, 3:279-290. 10.1021/nn800596w, 19236062.
    • (2009) ACS Nano , vol.3 , pp. 279-290
    • AshaRani, P.V.1    Low Kah Mun, G.2    Hande, M.P.3    Valiyaveettil, S.4
  • 11
    • 34249950754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing
    • 10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104607, 17067281
    • Willets KA, Van Duyne RP. Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2007, 58:267-297. 10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104607, 17067281.
    • (2007) Annu Rev Phys Chem , vol.58 , pp. 267-297
    • Willets, K.A.1    Van Duyne, R.P.2
  • 12
    • 52649154595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gold nanorods as nanoadmicelles: 1-naphthol partitioning into a nanorod-bound surfactant bilayer
    • 10.1021/la8018343, 18700748
    • Alkilany AM, Frey RL, Ferry JL, Murphy CJ. Gold nanorods as nanoadmicelles: 1-naphthol partitioning into a nanorod-bound surfactant bilayer. Langmuir 2008, 24:10235-10239. 10.1021/la8018343, 18700748.
    • (2008) Langmuir , vol.24 , pp. 10235-10239
    • Alkilany, A.M.1    Frey, R.L.2    Ferry, J.L.3    Murphy, C.J.4
  • 13
    • 33646397592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells
    • 10.1021/nl052396o, 16608261
    • Chithrani BD, Ghazani AA, Chan WC. Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. Nano Lett 2006, 6:662-668. 10.1021/nl052396o, 16608261.
    • (2006) Nano Lett , vol.6 , pp. 662-668
    • Chithrani, B.D.1    Ghazani, A.A.2    Chan, W.C.3
  • 15
    • 77749343664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gold nanoparticles cellular toxicity and recovery: effect of size, concentration and exposure time
    • 10.3109/17435390903471463, 20795906
    • Mironava T, Hadjiargyrou M, Simon M, Jurukovski V, Rafailovich MH. Gold nanoparticles cellular toxicity and recovery: effect of size, concentration and exposure time. Nanotoxicology 2010, 4:120-137. 10.3109/17435390903471463, 20795906.
    • (2010) Nanotoxicology , vol.4 , pp. 120-137
    • Mironava, T.1    Hadjiargyrou, M.2    Simon, M.3    Jurukovski, V.4    Rafailovich, M.H.5
  • 16
  • 17
    • 25444448098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity
    • 10.1002/smll.200400093, 17193451
    • Connor EE, Mwamuka J, Gole A, Murphy CJ, Wyatt MD. Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity. Small 2005, 1:325-327. 10.1002/smll.200400093, 17193451.
    • (2005) Small , vol.1 , pp. 325-327
    • Connor, E.E.1    Mwamuka, J.2    Gole, A.3    Murphy, C.J.4    Wyatt, M.D.5
  • 18
    • 84862949740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facile synthesis of concentrated gold nanoparticles with low size-distribution in water: temperature and pH controls
    • 10.1186/1556-276X-6-440, 3211859, 21733153
    • Li C, Li D, Wan G, Xu J, Hou W. Facile synthesis of concentrated gold nanoparticles with low size-distribution in water: temperature and pH controls. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011, 6:440. 10.1186/1556-276X-6-440, 3211859, 21733153.
    • (2011) Nanoscale Res Lett , vol.6 , pp. 440
    • Li, C.1    Li, D.2    Wan, G.3    Xu, J.4    Hou, W.5
  • 19
    • 84877255509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high gold salt concentrations on the size and polydispersity of gold nanoparticles prepared by an extended Turkevich-Frens method
    • Zabetakis K, Ghann WE, Kumar S, Daniel M-C. Effect of high gold salt concentrations on the size and polydispersity of gold nanoparticles prepared by an extended Turkevich-Frens method. Gold Bull 2012, 45:203-211.
    • (2012) Gold Bull , vol.45 , pp. 203-211
    • Zabetakis, K.1    Ghann, W.E.2    Kumar, S.3    Daniel, M.-C.4
  • 20
    • 84857685738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of physicochemical characteristics in the uptake of TiO2 nanoparticles by fibroblasts
    • 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.01.019, 22300586
    • Allouni ZE, Hol PJ, Cauqui MA, Gjerdet NR, Cimpan MR. Role of physicochemical characteristics in the uptake of TiO2 nanoparticles by fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2012, 26:469-479. 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.01.019, 22300586.
    • (2012) Toxicol In Vitro , vol.26 , pp. 469-479
    • Allouni, Z.E.1    Hol, P.J.2    Cauqui, M.A.3    Gjerdet, N.R.4    Cimpan, M.R.5
  • 22
    • 77956274546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles: what we have learned so far?
    • 10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8, 2988217, 21170131
    • Alkilany AM, Murphy CJ. Toxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles: what we have learned so far?. J Nanopart Res 2010, 12:2313-2333. 10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8, 2988217, 21170131.
    • (2010) J Nanopart Res , vol.12 , pp. 2313-2333
    • Alkilany, A.M.1    Murphy, C.J.2
  • 23
    • 84866019700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interference of engineered nanoparticles with in vitro toxicity assays
    • 10.1007/s00204-012-0837-z, 22407301
    • Kroll A, Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J. Interference of engineered nanoparticles with in vitro toxicity assays. Arch Toxicol 2012, 86:1123-1136. 10.1007/s00204-012-0837-z, 22407301.
    • (2012) Arch Toxicol , vol.86 , pp. 1123-1136
    • Kroll, A.1    Pillukat, M.H.2    Hahn, D.3    Schnekenburger, J.4
  • 24
    • 67349284747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current in vitro methods in nanoparticle risk assessment: limitations and challenges
    • 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.08.009, 18775492
    • Kroll A, Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J. Current in vitro methods in nanoparticle risk assessment: limitations and challenges. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009, 72:370-377. 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.08.009, 18775492.
    • (2009) Eur J Pharm Biopharm , vol.72 , pp. 370-377
    • Kroll, A.1    Pillukat, M.H.2    Hahn, D.3    Schnekenburger, J.4
  • 25
    • 79960133978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The xCELLigence system for real-time and label-free monitoring of cell viability
    • 10.1007/978-1-61779-108-6_6, 21468966
    • Ke N, Wang X, Xu X, Abassi YA. The xCELLigence system for real-time and label-free monitoring of cell viability. Methods Mol Biol 2011, 740:33-43. 10.1007/978-1-61779-108-6_6, 21468966.
    • (2011) Methods Mol Biol , vol.740 , pp. 33-43
    • Ke, N.1    Wang, X.2    Xu, X.3    Abassi, Y.A.4
  • 27
    • 33845914589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic and label-free cell-based assays using the real-time cell electronic sensing system
    • 10.1089/adt.2006.4.597, 17115930
    • Atienza JM, Yu N, Kirstein SL, Xi B, Wang X, Xu X, Abassi YA. Dynamic and label-free cell-based assays using the real-time cell electronic sensing system. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2006, 4:597-607. 10.1089/adt.2006.4.597, 17115930.
    • (2006) Assay Drug Dev Technol , vol.4 , pp. 597-607
    • Atienza, J.M.1    Yu, N.2    Kirstein, S.L.3    Xi, B.4    Wang, X.5    Xu, X.6    Abassi, Y.A.7
  • 28
    • 33845877164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Label-free cell-based assays with optical biosensors in drug discovery
    • 10.1089/adt.2006.4.583, 17115929
    • Fang Y. Label-free cell-based assays with optical biosensors in drug discovery. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2006, 4:583-595. 10.1089/adt.2006.4.583, 17115929.
    • (2006) Assay Drug Dev Technol , vol.4 , pp. 583-595
    • Fang, Y.1
  • 29
    • 84877662963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A label-free, impedance-based real time assay to identify drug-induced toxicities and differentiate cytostatic from cytotoxic effects
    • Kustermann S, Boess F, Buness A, Schmitz M, Watzele M, Weiser T, Singer T, Suter L, Roth A. A label-free, impedance-based real time assay to identify drug-induced toxicities and differentiate cytostatic from cytotoxic effects. Toxicol In Vitro 2012, 27:1589-1595.
    • (2012) Toxicol In Vitro , vol.27 , pp. 1589-1595
    • Kustermann, S.1    Boess, F.2    Buness, A.3    Schmitz, M.4    Watzele, M.5    Weiser, T.6    Singer, T.7    Suter, L.8    Roth, A.9
  • 30
    • 13844292729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic monitoring of cytotoxicity on microelectronic sensors
    • 10.1021/tx049721s, 15720119
    • Xing JZ, Zhu L, Jackson JA, Gabos S, Sun XJ, Wang XB, Xu X. Dynamic monitoring of cytotoxicity on microelectronic sensors. Chem Res Toxicol 2005, 18:154-161. 10.1021/tx049721s, 15720119.
    • (2005) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.18 , pp. 154-161
    • Xing, J.Z.1    Zhu, L.2    Jackson, J.A.3    Gabos, S.4    Sun, X.J.5    Wang, X.B.6    Xu, X.7
  • 31
    • 74649084156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic Effect of Functionalized Nickel Nanoparticles and Quercetin on Inhibition of the SMMC-7721 Cells Proliferation
    • 10.1007/s11671-009-9411-x, 2893715,2893715, 20651919
    • Guo D, Wu C, Li J, Guo A, Li Q, Jiang H, Chen B, Wang X. Synergistic Effect of Functionalized Nickel Nanoparticles and Quercetin on Inhibition of the SMMC-7721 Cells Proliferation. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009, 4:1395-1402. 10.1007/s11671-009-9411-x, 2893715,2893715, 20651919.
    • (2009) Nanoscale Res Lett , vol.4 , pp. 1395-1402
    • Guo, D.1    Wu, C.2    Li, J.3    Guo, A.4    Li, Q.5    Jiang, H.6    Chen, B.7    Wang, X.8
  • 32
    • 77951886068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro study of silica nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity based on real-time cell electronic sensing system
    • 10.1166/jnn.2010.1735, 20352892
    • Yang H, Wu Q, Tang M, Liu X, Deng H, Kong L, Lu Z. In vitro study of silica nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity based on real-time cell electronic sensing system. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2010, 10:561-568. 10.1166/jnn.2010.1735, 20352892.
    • (2010) J Nanosci Nanotechnol , vol.10 , pp. 561-568
    • Yang, H.1    Wu, Q.2    Tang, M.3    Liu, X.4    Deng, H.5    Kong, L.6    Lu, Z.7
  • 34
    • 42449137970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-electronic sensing of particle-induced cellular responses
    • 10.1039/b714384b, 18427686
    • Huang L, Xie L, Boyd JM, Li XF. Cell-electronic sensing of particle-induced cellular responses. Analyst 2008, 133:643-648. 10.1039/b714384b, 18427686.
    • (2008) Analyst , vol.133 , pp. 643-648
    • Huang, L.1    Xie, L.2    Boyd, J.M.3    Li, X.F.4
  • 35
    • 84859574061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online monitoring of cell metabolism to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles: the case of cobalt ferrite
    • 10.3109/17435390.2011.572302, 21495878
    • Mariani V, Ponti J, Giudetti G, Broggi F, Marmorato P, Gioria S, Franchini F, Rauscher H, Rossi F. Online monitoring of cell metabolism to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles: the case of cobalt ferrite. Nanotoxicology 2012, 6:272-287. 10.3109/17435390.2011.572302, 21495878.
    • (2012) Nanotoxicology , vol.6 , pp. 272-287
    • Mariani, V.1    Ponti, J.2    Giudetti, G.3    Broggi, F.4    Marmorato, P.5    Gioria, S.6    Franchini, F.7    Rauscher, H.8    Rossi, F.9
  • 36
    • 79957798827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of gold-nanoparticles: synergistic effects of shape and surface functionalization on micromotility of epithelial cells
    • 10.3109/17435390.2010.528847, 21050076
    • Tarantola M, Pietuch A, Schneider D, Rother J, Sunnick E, Rosman C, Pierrat S, Sonnichsen C, Wegener J, Janshoff A. Toxicity of gold-nanoparticles: synergistic effects of shape and surface functionalization on micromotility of epithelial cells. Nanotoxicology 2011, 5:254-268. 10.3109/17435390.2010.528847, 21050076.
    • (2011) Nanotoxicology , vol.5 , pp. 254-268
    • Tarantola, M.1    Pietuch, A.2    Schneider, D.3    Rother, J.4    Sunnick, E.5    Rosman, C.6    Pierrat, S.7    Sonnichsen, C.8    Wegener, J.9    Janshoff, A.10
  • 39
    • 84866427377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application and validation of an impedance-based real time cell analyzer to measure the toxicity of nanoparticles impacting human bronchial epithelial cells
    • Otero-Gonzalez L, Sierra-Alvarez R, Boitano S, Field JA. Application and validation of an impedance-based real time cell analyzer to measure the toxicity of nanoparticles impacting human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Sci Technol 2012, 46:10271-10278.
    • (2012) Environ Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 10271-10278
    • Otero-Gonzalez, L.1    Sierra-Alvarez, R.2    Boitano, S.3    Field, J.A.4
  • 41
    • 84867676788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of dynamic cell viability, migration and invasion assessments by novel real-time technology and classic endpoint assays
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0046536, 3477108, 23094027
    • Limame R, Wouters A, Pauwels B, Fransen E, Peeters M, Lardon F, De Wever O, Pauwels P. Comparative analysis of dynamic cell viability, migration and invasion assessments by novel real-time technology and classic endpoint assays. PLoS One 2012, 7:e46536. 10.1371/journal.pone.0046536, 3477108, 23094027.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Limame, R.1    Wouters, A.2    Pauwels, B.3    Fransen, E.4    Peeters, M.5    Lardon, F.6    De Wever, O.7    Pauwels, P.8
  • 43
    • 68049095882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced dark field microscopy for rapid artifact-free detection of nanoparticle binding to Candida albicans cells and hyphae
    • 10.1002/biot.200800358, 19492326
    • Weinkauf H, Brehm-Stecher BF. Enhanced dark field microscopy for rapid artifact-free detection of nanoparticle binding to Candida albicans cells and hyphae. Biotechnol J 2009, 4:871-879. 10.1002/biot.200800358, 19492326.
    • (2009) Biotechnol J , vol.4 , pp. 871-879
    • Weinkauf, H.1    Brehm-Stecher, B.F.2
  • 44
    • 84862826365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sub-lethal concentrations of silver nanoparticles on inflammatory and stress genes in human macrophages using cDNA microarray analysis
    • 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.006, 22459196
    • Lim DH, Jang J, Kim S, Kang T, Lee K, Choi IH. The effects of sub-lethal concentrations of silver nanoparticles on inflammatory and stress genes in human macrophages using cDNA microarray analysis. Biomaterials 2012, 33:4690-4699. 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.006, 22459196.
    • (2012) Biomaterials , vol.33 , pp. 4690-4699
    • Lim, D.H.1    Jang, J.2    Kim, S.3    Kang, T.4    Lee, K.5    Choi, I.H.6
  • 45
    • 80052870945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of transport inhibitors on the cellular uptake of carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles in different cell lines
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0024438, 3176276, 21949717
    • dos Santos T, Varela J, Lynch I, Salvati A, Dawson KA. Effects of transport inhibitors on the cellular uptake of carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles in different cell lines. PLoS One 2011, 6:e24438. 10.1371/journal.pone.0024438, 3176276, 21949717.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • dos Santos, T.1    Varela, J.2    Lynch, I.3    Salvati, A.4    Dawson, K.A.5
  • 46
    • 78650725684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cell culture media on the dynamic formation of protein-nanoparticle complexes and influence on the cellular response
    • 10.1021/nn101557e, 21082814
    • Maiorano G, Sabella S, Sorce B, Brunetti V, Malvindi MA, Cingolani R, Pompa PP. Effects of cell culture media on the dynamic formation of protein-nanoparticle complexes and influence on the cellular response. ACS Nano 2010, 4:7481-7491. 10.1021/nn101557e, 21082814.
    • (2010) ACS Nano , vol.4 , pp. 7481-7491
    • Maiorano, G.1    Sabella, S.2    Sorce, B.3    Brunetti, V.4    Malvindi, M.A.5    Cingolani, R.6    Pompa, P.P.7
  • 47
    • 0003051583 scopus 로고
    • Controlled nucleation for the regulation of the particle size in monodisperse gold suspensions
    • Frens G. Controlled nucleation for the regulation of the particle size in monodisperse gold suspensions. Nature (London) Phys Sci 1973, 241:20-22.
    • (1973) Nature (London) Phys Sci , vol.241 , pp. 20-22
    • Frens, G.1
  • 48
    • 33746096072 scopus 로고
    • A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold
    • Turkevich J, Stevenson PC, Hillier J. A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold. Discuss Faraday Soc 1951, 11:55-75.
    • (1951) Discuss Faraday Soc , vol.11 , pp. 55-75
    • Turkevich, J.1    Stevenson, P.C.2    Hillier, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.