Private landowners' approaches to planting and managing forests in the UK: What's the evidence?

Land Use Policy

Volumn 36, Issue , 2014, Pages 351-360

  Lawrence, Anna ^a   Dandy, Norman ^a  

^a FOREST RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Advisory systems; Decision making; Forest policy; Land owners; Non industrial private forests; Woodland creation

Indexed keywords

DECISION MAKING; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY POLICY; LAND MANAGEMENT; LAND USE; LANDOWNER; LANDOWNERSHIP; SOCIAL NETWORK; WOODLAND;

ENGLAND; SCOTLAND; UNITED KINGDOM; WALES;

EID: 84884805749     PISSN: 02648377     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.09.002     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. Aguilar F.X., Saunders A.M. Attitudes toward policy instruments promoting wood-to-energy initiatives in the United States. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 2011, 35:73-79.
2. Allison L. On planning a forest: theoretical issues and practical problems. Town Planning Review 1996, 67:131-143.
3. Angus A., Burgess P.J., Morris J., Lingard J. Agriculture and land use: demand for and supply of agricultural commodities, characteristics of the farming and food industries, and implications for land use in the UK. Land Use Policy 2009, 26:S230-S242.
4. Amacher G.S., Conway M.C., Sullivan J. Econometric analyses of nonindustrial forest landowners: is there anything left to study?. Journal of Forest Economics 2003, 9:137-164.
5. Andersson M. Assessing non-industrial private forest owners' attitudes to risk: do owner and property characteristics matter?. Journal of Forest Economics 2012, 18:3-13.
6. Bateman I.J., Diamand E., Langford I.H., Jones A. Household willingness to pay and farmers' willingness to accept compensation for establishing a recreational woodland. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 1996, 39:21-43.
7. Bell M. A Survey of 50 Farmers in Lancashire to Determine their Attitude to Woodland Planting and Management 1999, Countryside Commission, Forestry Commission, Lancashire County Council, Environment Directorate, Agri-Business Services.
8. Betts A., Ellis J. What Woodland Owners Want - An Attitude Survey, A Report Prepared by the Surrey Woodland Working Group 2000, Forestry Commission.
9. Bishop K. Community forests: implementing the concept. Planner 1991, 77:6-10.
10. Blackstock K.L., Kelly G.J., Horsey B.L. Developing and applying a framework to evaluate participatory research for sustainability. Ecological Economics 2007, 60:726-742.
11. Blackstock P., Binggeli P. A Needs survey for Support for Farm Forestry 2000, Report to UAOS Ltd., Portadown.
12. Boon T.E., Broch S.W., Meilby H. How financial compensation changes forest owners' willingness to set baside productive forest areas for nature conservation in Denmark. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2010, 25:565-573.
13. Burgess P., Goodall G., Wharton-Creasey A. Bedfordshire Farm Woodland Demonstration Project: A Baseline Analysis of Farm Woodland in Mid-Bedfordshire 1998, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedfordshire.
14. Burton R., Wilson O. Farmers' Resistance to Woodland Planting in Community Forests: The Influence of Social and cultural factors 2000, De Montfort University, Leicester.
15. Burton R. See through the "good farmer's" eyes: towards developing an understanding of the social symbolic value of productivist behaviour. Sociologia Ruralis 2004, 44:195.
16. Cater J. Small woodlands and their owners: the Silvanus experience. Quarterly Journal of Forestry 1994, 88:128-133.
17. Charnley S., Fischer A.P., Jones E.T. Integrating traditional and local ecological knowledge into forest biodiversity conservation in the Pacific Northwest. Forest Ecology and Management 2007, 246:14-28.
18. Church A., Ravenscroft N. Landowner responses to financial incentive schemes for recreational access to woodlands in South East England. Land Use Policy 2008, 25:1-16.
19. Church A., Ravenscroft N., Rogers G. Woodland Owners' Attitudes to Public Access Provision in South-East England: Forestry Commission Information Note 74 2005, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
20. Clark G.M., Johnson J.A. Farm woodlands in the Central Belt of Scotland: a socio-economic critique. Scottish Forestry 1993, 15-24.
21. Crabtree B., Chalmers N., Barron N.-J. Information for policy design: modelling participation in a farm woodland incentive scheme. Journal of Agricultural Economics 1998, 49:306-320.
22. Crabtree B., Chalmers N., Eiser D. Voluntary incentive schemes for farm forestry: uptake, policy effectiveness and employment impacts. Forestry 2001, 74:455-465.
23. Crabtree J.R., Appleton Z. Economic evaluation of the Farm Woodland Scheme in Scotland. Journal of Agricultural Economics 1992, 43:355-367.
24. Cunningham S. FREEwoods Survey 2009, Woodland Trust.
25. Dandy N. Summary of Woodfuel Work 2009, Forestry Commission.
26. Dandy N. Understanding Land Manager Decision-making: A Framework for Forestry 2012, Forest Research, Farnham.
27. Davis M.L.E.S., Fly J.M. Do you hear what I hear: better understanding how forest management is conceptualized and practiced by private forest landowners. Journal of Forestry 2010, 108:321-328.
28. DECC The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan: National Strategy for Climate & Energy 2009.
29. DEFRA England Trees Woods and Forests 2007.
30. DEFRA Government Forestry and Woodlands Policy Statement 2013, 49.
31. Elands B.H.M., Praestholm S. Landowners' perspectives on the rural future and the role of forests across Europe. Journal of Rural Studies 2008, 24:72-85.
32. Ellis J., Frost B. Sustaining England's woodlands: analysis of responses to consultation. Forestry Commission England 2002, 57.
33. FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 2010, Food and Agricultural Organisation (United Nations), Rome.
34. Ferranto S., Huntsinger L., Stewart W., Getz C., Nakamura G., Kelly M. Consider the source: the impact of media and authority in outreach to private forest and rangeland owners. Journal of Environmental Management 2012, 97:131-140.
35. Fischer A.P. Identifying policy target groups with qualitative and quantitative methods: the case of wildfire risk on nonindustrial private forest lands. Forest Policy and Economics 2012, 25:62-71.
36. Fischer A.P., Bliss J., Ingemarson F., Lidestav G., Lars L. From the small woodland problem to ecosocial systems: the evolution of social research on small-scale forestry in Sweden and the USA. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2010, 25:390-398.
37. Forestry Commission England A Woodfuel Strategy for England 2007, 28.
38. Forestry Commission Forestry Statistics 2012 - Woodland Areas and Planting 2012, Available at:. http://www.forestry.gov.uk/website/forstats2012.nsf.
39. Forestry Commission Climate Change - Planting More Trees 2013, Forestry Commission, Available at. http://www.forestry.gov.uk/forestry/INFD-8LGCK9.
40. Garforth M., Thornber K. The Impacts of Certification on UK Forests 2002, DFID.
41. Glynn M., Richardson W., Anable J., Quick T., Rowcroft P., Smith S. Independent Panel on Forestry Woodland Owner Survey. Final Report to the Independent Panel on Forestry 2012, URS, London.
42. Götmark F. Conflicts in conservation: woodland key habitats, authorities and private forest owners in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2009, 24:504-514.
43. Government Social Research Rapid Evidence Assessment Toolkit Index 2010.
44. Greenshields J. Blackdown Hills, wood fuel cluster survey. A survey and report produced with funding from the BH AONB and supported by the Neroche Scheme and the Forestry Commission 2009.
45. Gulbrandsen L.H. The role of science in environmental governance: competing knowledge producers in Swedish and Norwegian forestry. Global Environmental Politics 2008, 8:99-122.
46. Hibbard C.M., Kilgore M.A., Ellefson P.V. Property taxation of private forests in the United States: a national review. Journal of Forestry 2003, April/May:44-49.
47. Hujala T., Tikkanen J. Boosters of and barriers to smooth communication in family forest owners' decision making. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2008, 23:466-477.
48. Ilbery B., Maye D., Watts D., Holloway L. Property matters: agricultural restructuring and changing landlord-tenant relationships in England. Geoforum 2010, 41:423-434.
49. Independent Panel on Forestry Final Report. London 2012, 72.
50. Jacobson M.G., Greene J.L., Straka T.J., Daniels S.E., Kilgore M.A. Influence and effectiveness of financial incentive programs in promoting sustainable forestry in the south. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 2009, 33:35-41.
51. Jacobson M.G., Straka T.J., Greene J.L., Kilgore M.A., Daniels S.E. Financial incentive programs' influence in promoting sustainable forestry in the northern region. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 2009, 26:61-67.
52. Janota J.J., Broussard S.R. Examining private forest policy preferences. Forest Policy and Economics 2008, 10:89-97.
53. Jiang M., Bullock J.M., Hooftman D.A.P. Mapping ecosystem service and biodiversity changes over 70 years in a rural English county. Journal of Applied Ecology 2013, 50:841-850.
54. John Clegg and Co., Firn Crichton Roberts Ltd, CJC Consulting, Ecoscope Applied Ecologists Evaluation of woodland creation in England under the Woodland Grant Scheme and the Farm Woodland Premium Scheme. Final Report to DEFRA and the Forestry Commission 2002, 34 pp.
55. Kilgore M.A., Greene J.L., Jacobson M.G., Straka T.J., Daniels S.E. The influence of financial incentive programs in promoting sustainable forestry on the nation's family forests. Journal of Forestry 2007, 105:184-191.
56. Kindstrand C., Norman J., Boman M., Mattsson L. Attitudes towards various forest functions: a comparison between private forest owners and forest officers. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2008, 23:133-136.
57. Knoot T.G., Rickenbach M. Best management practices and timber harvesting: the role of social networks in shaping landowner decisions. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2011, 26:171-182.
58. Korhonen K., Hujala T., Kurttila M. Reaching forest owners through their social networks in timber sales. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2012, 27:88-99.
59. Korhonen K., Hujala T., Kurttila M. Diffusion of voluntary protection among family forest owners: decision process and success factors. Forest Policy and Economics 2013, 26:82-90.
60. Kottler D., Watkins C., Lavers C. The transformation of Sherwood Forest in the twentieth century: the role of private estate forestry. Rural History 2005, 16:95-110.
61. Land Use Consultants Woodlotting in Kent 2007, 122. Land Use Consultants, Bristol.
62. Lawrence A., Dudley M. International comparisons of forest policy: a rapid evidence review. A report by Forest Research on behalf of the Independent Panel on Forestry 2012, 100.
63. Lawrence A., Edwards D. Attitudes to creating productive woodland. A report to Forestry Commission Scotland 2013, Forest Research, UK.
64. Lawrence A., Marzano M. Is the private forest sector adapting to climate change? A study of forest managers in north Wales. Annals of Forest Science 2013, (in press).
65. Leach J., Hanton P., Gurling H. Why people buy small woods and what do they do with them?. Quarterly Journal of Forestry 2012, 19-22.
66. Lloyd T., Watkins C., Williams D. Turning farmers into foresters via market liberalisation. Journal of Agricultural Economics 1995, 361-370.
67. Lobley M., Winter H., Millard N., Butler A., Winter M. Making Land Available for Woodland Creation. CRPR Research Paper No 35 2012, 158. Universitiy of Exeter: Centre for Rural Policy Research.
68. Ma Z., Butler B.J., Kittredge D.B., Catanzaro P. Factors associated with landowner involvement in forest conservation programs in the U.S.: implications for policy design and outreach. Land Use Policy 2012, 29:53-61.
69. Ma Z., Kittredge D.B., Catanzaro P. Challenging the traditional forestry extension model: insights from the woods forum program in Massachusetts. Small-scale Forestry 2012, 11:87-100.
70. Madsen L.M. New woodlands in Denmark: the role of private landowners. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 2003, 1:185-195.
71. Mather A.S. The structure of forest ownership in Scotland: a first approximation. Journal of Rural Studies 1987, 3:175-182.
72. Mather A.S., Hill G., Nijnik M. Post-productivism and rural land use: cul de sac or challenge for theorization?. Journal of Rural Studies 2006, 22:441-455.
73. McMorran R. Constraints and Opportunities for Integrated Multifunctional Forest Management in the Cairngorms Region of Scotland Centre for Mountain Studies 2008, 345. UHI-Perth College, Perth.
74. McMorran R. Scale Mis-matches in Social-Ecological Systems: A Case Study of Multifunctional Forestry in the Cairngorms Region of Scotland. Aspects of Applied Biology 2008, 85.
75. Mindspace Farmers Research Study. Report to Forestry Commission Scotland 2010, 77.
76. Munton R. Rural land ownership in the United Kingdom: changing patterns and future possibilities for land use. Land Use Policy 2009, 26.
77. Nicholls D., Young M. Private Woods in Crisis? A Report on a Survey of Private Woodland Estates in England and Wales 2005, 23. University of Cambridge Department of Land Economy and Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge.
78. Northern Ireland Forest Service Northern Ireland Forestry: A Strategy for Sustainability and Growth 2006, 22.
79. Nybakk E., Lunnan A., Jenssen J.I., Crespell P. The importance of social networks in the Norwegian firewood industry. Biomass and Bioenergy 2013, in press. 10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.11.018.
80. Pierce R. Survey: Clemenson revisited - the rise and fall of the great english landowner. Policy Studies 2004, 25:283-294.
81. Prince H. Land use and landownership: a recent history of parks in Hertfordshire. Landscape History 2010, 31:53-72.
82. RASE Opinion Poll of Farmer Members, Autumn 1994 1994, Royal Agricultural Society of England.
83. Read D.J., Freer-Smith P.H., Morison J.I.L., Hanely N., West C.C., Snowdon P. Combating Climate Change: A Role for UK Forests. An Assessment of the Potential of the UK's Trees and Woodlands to Mitgate and Adapt to climate Change 2009, 242. The Stationary Office, Edinburgh.
84. Render M.G. The Development of Sub-regional Policy for Sustainable Forestry, with Particular Reference to the Chilterns 2004, 311. Buckinghamshire Chilterns University College, Brunel University, UK.
85. Rickenbach M. Serving members and reaching others: the performance and social networks of a landowner cooperative. Forest Policy and Economics 2009, 11:593-599.
86. Sandys P. The woodland grant scheme: a review from the perspective of owners and managers. Quarterly Journal of Forestry 1994, 88:20-26.
87. Scambler A. Farmers' attitudes towards forestry. Scottish Geographical Magazine 1989, 105:47-49.
88. Schaaf K.A., Broussard S.R. Private forest policy tools: a national survey exploring the American public's perceptions and support. Forest Policy and Economics 2006, 9:316-334.
89. Scottish Government Scottish Forestry Strategy 2006.
90. Secker Walker J. Private Landowners' Engagement with Woodfuel Production: a Scoping Study in Fife. A Report to the Social & Economic Research Group, Forest Research, Forestry Commission 2009.
91. Sharpe N., Osborn E., Samuel J., Smith R. Anglia Woodnet woodland assessment project: stage II. Summary Report 2001, 8. Anglia Woodnet.
92. Silcock P., Manley W. The impacts of the single payment scheme on woodland expansion. Land Use Policy Group 2008, 63.
93. Sime J.D., Speller G.M., Dibben C. Research into the attitudes of owners and managers to people visiting woodlands. Report prepared for the Forestry Commission by Jonathan Sime Associates, Godalming 1993.
94. Stockdale A., Lang A.J., Jackson R.E. Changing land tenure patterns in Scotland: a time for reform?. Journal of Rural Studies 1996, 12:439-449.
95. Straka T.J. Taxonomic review of classical and current literature on the perennial American family forest problem. Forests 2011, 2:660-706.
96. Stubbs B. Barriers to Woodland Expansion. A discussion paper for the Woodland Expansion Advisory Group. WEAG paper 15a 2011.
97. Stubbs B., Moxey A., Yuill B. Responding to the woodland creation targets in the Grampian Conservancy Area. A report to Forestry Commission Scotland 2010, 82.
98. Sun X., Sun C., Munn I.A., Hussain A. Knowledge of three regeneration programs and application behavior among Mississippi nonindustrial private forest landowners: a two-step sample selection approach. Journal of Forest Economics 2009, 15:187-204.
99. Urquhart J., Courtney P. Seeing the owner behind the trees: a typology of small-scale private woodland owners in England. Forest Policy and Economics 2011, 13(7):535-544.
100. Urquhart J. A Qualitative Analysis of the Knowledge Base of Private Woodland Owners with Respect to Woodland Management and Public Good Benefit Issues, Countryside and Community Research Unit 2006, 100. University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham.
101. Urquhart J. Public Benefits from Private Forests and Woodland in England: Investigating the Opportunities for Public Good Enhancement 2009, Countryside and Community Research Institute, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham.
102. Urquhart J. Public Benefits from Private Forests and Woodland in England: Classifying Private Woodland Owners Research Summary 2009, Forest Research, Farnham.
103. Urquhart J., Courtney P., Slee B. Private ownership and public good provision in English woodlands. Small-scale Forestry 2010, 9:1-20.
104. Urquhart J., Courtney P., Slee B. Private woodland owners' perspectives on multifunctionality in english woodlands. Journal of Rural Studies 2012, 28:95-106.
105. Van Gossum P., Arts B., van Laar J., Verheyen K. Implementation of the forest expansion policy in the Netherlands in the period 1986-2007: decline in success?. Land Use Policy 2010, 27:1171-1180.
106. Van Gossum P., Ledene L., Arts B., De Vreese R., Verheyen K. Implementation failure of the forest expansion policy in Flanders (Northern Belgium) and the policy learning potential. Forest Policy and Economics 2008, 10:515-522.
107. Van Gossum P., Luyssaert S., Serbruyns I., Mortier F. Forest groups as support to private forest owners in developing close-to-nature management. Forest Policy and Economics 2005, 7:589-601.
108. Van Herzele A., Van Gossum P. Typology building for owner-specific policies and communications to advance forest conversion in small pine plantations. Landscape and Urban Planning 2008, 87:201-209.
109. Ward J., Manley W. New Entrants to Land Markets: Attitudes Towards Land Management and Conservation 2002, Land Use Policy Group.
110. Ward J., Manley W. New Entrants to Land Markets: Final Report 2002, Woodland Policy Group of the GB Wildlife & Countryside Agencies.
111. Watkins C., Williams D., Lloyd T. Constraints on farm woodland planting in England: a study of Nottinghamshire farmers. Forestry 1996, 69:166-176.
112. Wavehill Consulting A Survey of Farmers with Woodland on their Land. A Report for the Forestry Commission Wales 2009, 62. Wavehill Consulting.
113. WEAG Woodland Expansion Advisory Group - Report on Stakeholder Meetings 2011, 30. Forestry Commission Scotland.
114. WEAG Report of the Woodland Expansion Advisory Group 2012, 92. Scottish Government.
115. Welsh Assembly Government Woodlands for Wales. The Welsh Assembly Government's Strategy for Woodland and Trees 2009.
116. Wibberley J. Sustaining England's Woodlands: Private Woodland Owners and the Forestry Commission (FC). Report on four Regional Woodland Consultation Meetings 2002.
117. Widmann R.H., Balser D., Barnett C., Butler B.J., Griffith D.M., Lister T.W., Moser W.K., Perry C.H., Riemann R., Woodall C.W. Ohio forests: 2006. Resources Bulletin 2009, 119.
118. Wightman A. The Poor Had no Lawyers. Who Owns Scotland (and How They Got It) 2010, Birlinn, Edinburgh.
119. Yeomans A., Hemery G. Prospects for the market supply of wood and other forest products from areas with fragmented forest-ownership structures: England case study. A contract report for CONFOR and CEPF 2010, 69. Sylva Foundation.