메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 55, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 994-999

Gender differences in implicit and explicit personality traits

Author keywords

Gender differences; IAT; Personality traits

Indexed keywords


EID: 84884500861     PISSN: 01918869     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (92)

References (43)
  • 1
    • 0036688962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double dissociation between implicit and explicit personality self-concept: The case of shy behavior
    • Asendorpf J.B., Banse R., Mücke D. Double dissociation between implicit and explicit personality self-concept: The case of shy behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2002, 83:380-393. 10.1037/0022-3514.83.2.380.
    • (2002) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.83 , pp. 380-393
    • Asendorpf, J.B.1    Banse, R.2    Mücke, D.3
  • 2
    • 34249752737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality and implicit social cognition research: Past, present and future
    • Banse R., Greenwald A.G. Personality and implicit social cognition research: Past, present and future. European Journal of Personality 2007, 21:371-382. 10.1002/per.638.
    • (2007) European Journal of Personality , vol.21 , pp. 371-382
    • Banse, R.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 4
    • 0029269019 scopus 로고
    • Psychological sex differences: Origins through sexual selection
    • Buss D.M. Psychological sex differences: Origins through sexual selection. American Psychologist 1995, 50:164-168. 10.1037/0003-066X.50.3.164.
    • (1995) American Psychologist , vol.50 , pp. 164-168
    • Buss, D.M.1
  • 6
    • 85047682946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings
    • Costa P.T., Terracciano A., McCrae R.R. Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2001, 81:322-331. 10.1037/0022-3514.81.2.322.
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 322-331
    • Costa, P.T.1    Terracciano, A.2    McCrae, R.R.3
  • 7
    • 84855366096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The distance between Mars and Venus: Measuring global sex differences in personality
    • Del Giudice M., Booth T., Irwing P. The distance between Mars and Venus: Measuring global sex differences in personality. PLoS One 2012, 7. 10.1371/journal.pone.0029265.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Del Giudice, M.1    Booth, T.2    Irwing, P.3
  • 9
    • 2142818531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in implicit and explicit anxiety measures
    • Egloff B., Schmukle S.C. Gender differences in implicit and explicit anxiety measures. Personality and Individual Differences 2004, 36:1807-1815. 10.1016/j.paid.2003.07.002.
    • (2004) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.36 , pp. 1807-1815
    • Egloff, B.1    Schmukle, S.C.2
  • 10
    • 0039722413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit anxiety measure predicts cardiovascular reactivity to an evaluated speaking task
    • Egloff B., Wilhelm F.H., Neubauer D.H., Mauss I.B., Gross J.J. Implicit anxiety measure predicts cardiovascular reactivity to an evaluated speaking task. Emotion 2002, 2:3-11. 10.1037/1528-3542.2.1.3.
    • (2002) Emotion , vol.2 , pp. 3-11
    • Egloff, B.1    Wilhelm, F.H.2    Neubauer, D.H.3    Mauss, I.B.4    Gross, J.J.5
  • 11
    • 0001764023 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in effects of physical attractiveness on romantic attraction: A comparison across five research paradigms
    • Feingold A. Gender differences in effects of physical attractiveness on romantic attraction: A comparison across five research paradigms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1990, 59:981-993. 10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.981.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 981-993
    • Feingold, A.1
  • 12
    • 0028542937 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis
    • Feingold A. Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin 1994, 116:429-456. 10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.429.
    • (1994) Psychological Bulletin , vol.116 , pp. 429-456
    • Feingold, A.1
  • 13
    • 34748881169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit personality: A test of a channeling hypothesis for aggressive behavior
    • Frost B.C., Ko C.H.E., James L.R. Implicit and explicit personality: A test of a channeling hypothesis for aggressive behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology 2007, 92(5):1299-1319. 10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1299.
    • (2007) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.92 , Issue.5 , pp. 1299-1319
    • Frost, B.C.1    Ko, C.H.E.2    James, L.R.3
  • 14
    • 33748124141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change
    • Gawronski B., Bodenhausen G.V. Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin 2006, 132:692-731. 10.1037/0033-2909.132.5.692.
    • (2006) Psychological Bulletin , vol.132 , pp. 692-731
    • Gawronski, B.1    Bodenhausen, G.V.2
  • 15
    • 84884499141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit measures in social and personality psychology. In H. T. Reis, & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (2nd edition). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    • Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (in press). Implicit measures in social and personality psychology. In H. T. Reis, & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (2nd edition). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    • Gawronski, B.1    De Houwer, J.2
  • 16
    • 0025557319 scopus 로고
    • An alternative ''description of personality": The Big-Five factor structure
    • Goldberg L.R. An alternative ''description of personality": The Big-Five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1990, 59:1216-1229. 10.1037/0022-3514.59.6.1216.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 1216-1229
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 17
    • 0002490643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A broad-bandwidth, public domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models
    • Tilburg University Press, Tilburg, The Netherlands, I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, F. Ostendorf (Eds.)
    • Goldberg L.R. A broad-bandwidth, public domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models. Personality Psychology in Europe 1999, 7-28. Tilburg University Press, Tilburg, The Netherlands. I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, F. Ostendorf (Eds.).
    • (1999) Personality Psychology in Europe , pp. 7-28
    • Goldberg, L.R.1
  • 19
    • 0032084985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test
    • Greenwald A.G., McGhee D.E., Schwartz J.K.L. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, 74:1464-1480. 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464.
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 1464-1480
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    McGhee, D.E.2    Schwartz, J.K.L.3
  • 20
    • 0042549769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm
    • Greenwald A.G., Nosek B.A., Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003, 85:197-216. 10.1037/h0087889.
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.85 , pp. 197-216
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Nosek, B.A.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 22
    • 34548822690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring Big-Five personality dimensions with the implicit association test-implicit personality traits or self-esteem?
    • Grumm M., von Collani G. Measuring Big-Five personality dimensions with the implicit association test-implicit personality traits or self-esteem?. Personality and Individual Differences 2007, 43:2205-2217. 10.1016/j.paid.2007.06.032.
    • (2007) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.43 , pp. 2205-2217
    • Grumm, M.1    von Collani, G.2
  • 23
    • 25844519742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Gender Similarities Hypothesis
    • Hyde J.S. The Gender Similarities Hypothesis. American Psychologist 2005, 60:581-592. 10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.581.
    • (2005) American Psychologist , vol.60 , pp. 581-592
    • Hyde, J.S.1
  • 24
    • 21344498623 scopus 로고
    • Rethinking sex differences in aggression: Aggressive behavior in the absence of social roles
    • Lightdale J.R., Prentice D.A. Rethinking sex differences in aggression: Aggressive behavior in the absence of social roles. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 1994, 20:34-44. 10.1177/0146167294201003.
    • (1994) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.20 , pp. 34-44
    • Lightdale, J.R.1    Prentice, D.A.2
  • 25
    • 33748779806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gender reality hypothesis
    • Lippa R.A. The gender reality hypothesis. American Psychologist 2006, 6:639-640. 10.1037/0003-066X.61.6.639.
    • (2006) American Psychologist , vol.6 , pp. 639-640
    • Lippa, R.A.1
  • 26
    • 0348012662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NEO-PI-R data from 36 cultures: Further intercultural comparisons
    • Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, R.R. McCrae, J. Allik (Eds.)
    • McCrae R.R. NEO-PI-R data from 36 cultures: Further intercultural comparisons. The five-factor model of personality across cultures 2002, 105-125. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York. R.R. McCrae, J. Allik (Eds.).
    • (2002) The five-factor model of personality across cultures , pp. 105-125
    • McCrae, R.R.1
  • 27
    • 14744276659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universal features of personality traits from the observer's perspective: Data from 50 cultures
    • 78 Members of the Personality Profiles of Cultures Project
    • McCrae R.R., Terracciano A., 78 Members of the Personality Profiles of Cultures Project Universal features of personality traits from the observer's perspective: Data from 50 cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2005, 88:547-561. 10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.547.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.88 , pp. 547-561
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Terracciano, A.2
  • 28
    • 28744438549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation
    • Nosek B.A. Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 2005, 134:565-584. 10.1037/0096-3445.134.4.565.
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.134 , pp. 565-584
    • Nosek, B.A.1
  • 29
    • 84884498941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and using the brief Implicit Association Test: I. Recommended Scoring Procedures
    • Unpublished manuscript.
    • Nosek, B. A., Bar-Anan, Y., Sriram, N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2013). Understanding and using the brief Implicit Association Test: I. Recommended Scoring Procedures. Unpublished manuscript.
    • (2013)
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Bar-Anan, Y.2    Sriram, N.3    Greenwald, A.G.4
  • 31
    • 49949112316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The associations in our heads belong to us: Searching for attitudes and knowledge in implicit evaluation
    • Nosek B.A., Hansen J.J. The associations in our heads belong to us: Searching for attitudes and knowledge in implicit evaluation. Cognition & Emotion 2008, 22(4):553-594. 10.1080/02699930701438186.
    • (2008) Cognition & Emotion , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 553-594
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Hansen, J.J.2
  • 32
    • 79953091023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit social cognition: From measures to mechanisms
    • Nosek B.A., Hawkins C.B., Frazier R.S. Implicit social cognition: From measures to mechanisms. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2011, 15:152-159. 10.1016/j.tics.2011.01.005.
    • (2011) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.15 , pp. 152-159
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Hawkins, C.B.2    Frazier, R.S.3
  • 33
    • 84879230010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit social cognition
    • Sage, New York, NY, S. Fiske, C.N. Macrae (Eds.)
    • Nosek B.A., Hawkins C.B., Frazier R.S. Implicit social cognition. Handbook of social cognition 2012, 31-53. Sage, New York, NY. S. Fiske, C.N. Macrae (Eds.).
    • (2012) Handbook of social cognition , pp. 31-53
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Hawkins, C.B.2    Frazier, R.S.3
  • 34
    • 57049100320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the measurement equivalence of personality adjective items across cultures
    • Nye C.D., Roberts B.W., Saucier G., Zhou X. Testing the measurement equivalence of personality adjective items across cultures. Journal of Research in Personality. 2008, 42:1524-1536. 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.07.004.
    • (2008) Journal of Research in Personality. , vol.42 , pp. 1524-1536
    • Nye, C.D.1    Roberts, B.W.2    Saucier, G.3    Zhou, X.4
  • 35
    • 77956924587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the social malleability of traits: Variability and consistency in Big 5 trait expression across three interpersonal contexts
    • Robinson O.C. On the social malleability of traits: Variability and consistency in Big 5 trait expression across three interpersonal contexts. Journal of Individual Differences 2009, 30:201-208. 10.1027/1614-0001.30.4.201.
    • (2009) Journal of Individual Differences , vol.30 , pp. 201-208
    • Robinson, O.C.1
  • 36
    • 0028726219 scopus 로고
    • Mini-markers: A brief version of Goldberg's unipolar Big-Five markers
    • Saucier G. Mini-markers: A brief version of Goldberg's unipolar Big-Five markers. Journal of Personality Assessment 1994, 63:506-516. 10.1207/s15327752jpa6303_8.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.63 , pp. 506-516
    • Saucier, G.1
  • 37
    • 38649086382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why can't a man be more like a woman? Sex differences in Big Five personality traits across 55 cultures
    • Schmitt D.P., Realo A., Voracek M., Allik J. Why can't a man be more like a woman? Sex differences in Big Five personality traits across 55 cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2008, 94:168-182. 10.1037/0022-3514.94.1.168.
    • (2008) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.94 , pp. 168-182
    • Schmitt, D.P.1    Realo, A.2    Voracek, M.3    Allik, J.4
  • 38
    • 57349178971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and using the implicit association test: V. Measuring semantic aspects of trait self-concepts
    • Schnabel K., Asendorpf J.B., Greenwald A.G. Understanding and using the implicit association test: V. Measuring semantic aspects of trait self-concepts. European Journal of Personality 2008, 22:695-706. 10.1002/per.697.
    • (2008) European Journal of Personality , vol.22 , pp. 695-706
    • Schnabel, K.1    Asendorpf, J.B.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 39
    • 33645279257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Employing automatic approach and avoidance tendencies for the assessment of implicit personality self-concept: The Implicit Association Procedure (IAP)
    • Schnabel K., Banse R., Asendorpf J.B. Employing automatic approach and avoidance tendencies for the assessment of implicit personality self-concept: The Implicit Association Procedure (IAP). Experimental Psychology 2006, 53:69-76. 10.1027/1618-3169.53.1.69.
    • (2006) Experimental Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 69-76
    • Schnabel, K.1    Banse, R.2    Asendorpf, J.B.3
  • 40
    • 33746104795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of implicit personality self-concept using the Implicit Association Test (IAT): Concurrent assessment of anxiousness and angriness
    • Schnabel K., Banse R., Asendorpf J.B. Assessment of implicit personality self-concept using the Implicit Association Test (IAT): Concurrent assessment of anxiousness and angriness. British Journal of Social Psychology 2006, 45:373-396. 10.1348/014466605X49159.
    • (2006) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 373-396
    • Schnabel, K.1    Banse, R.2    Asendorpf, J.B.3
  • 41
    • 67349098693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Brief Implicit Association Test
    • Sriram N., Greenwald A.G. The Brief Implicit Association Test. Experimental Psychology 2009, 56:283-294. 10.1027/1618-3169.56.4.283.
    • (2009) Experimental Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 283-294
    • Sriram, N.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 42
    • 33645155425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting spontaneous big five behavior with implicit association tests
    • Steffens M.C., Schulze-König S. Predicting spontaneous big five behavior with implicit association tests. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2006, 22:13-20. 10.1027/1015-5759.22.1.13.
    • (2006) European Journal of Psychological Assessment , vol.22 , pp. 13-20
    • Steffens, M.C.1    Schulze-König, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.