Direct evidence of chemically inhomogeneous, nanostructured, Si-O buried interfaces and their effect on the efficiency of carbon nanotube/Si photovoltaic heterojunctions

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 117, Issue 36, 2013, Pages 18688-18696

  Pintossi, Chiara ^a   Salvinelli, Gabriele ^a   Drera, Giovanni ^a   Pagliara, Stefania ^a   Sangaletti, Luigi ^a   Gobbo, Silvano Del ^b   Morbidoni, Maurizio ^c   Scarselli, Manuela ^c   De Crescenzi, Maurizio ^c   Castrucci, Paola ^c  

^a UNIVERSITÀ CATTOLICA DEL SACRO CUORE   (Italy)

^b KING ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Saudi Arabia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL ETCHING; COMPLEX INTERFACE; IN-DEPTH PROFILING; LAYERED STRUCTURES; PHOTOEMISSION PROCESS; PHOTOEMITTED ELECTRONS; X RAY PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY PHOTOEMISSIONS;

CARBON; EFFICIENCY; ETCHING; HETEROJUNCTIONS; PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECTS; SILICON;

INTERFACES (MATERIALS);

EID: 84884195234     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp404820k     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Carbon Nanotubes; Reich, S.; Thomsen, C.; Maultzsch, J., Eds.; Wiley-VHC: New York, 2004.
2. Minami, N.; Kazaoui, S.; Jacquemin, R.; Yamawaki, H.; Aoki, K.; Kataura, H.; Achiba, Y. Optical Properties of Semiconducting and Metallic Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Effects of Doping and High Pressure Synth. Met. 2001, 116, 405-409
3. Castrucci, P.; Scilletta, C.; Del Gobbo, S.; Scarselli, M.; Camilli, L.; Simeoni, M.; Delley, B.; Continenza, A.; De Crescenzi, M. Light Harvesting with Multiwall Carbon Nanotube/Silicon Heterojunctions Nanotechnology 2011, 22, 115701-115709
4. Misewich, J. A.; Martel, R.; Avouris, P.; Tsang, J. C.; Heinze, S.; Tersoff, J. Electrically Induced Optical Emission from a Carbon Nanotube FET Science 2003, 300, 783-786
5. Barazzouk, S.; Hotchandani, S.; Vinodgopal, K.; Kamat, P. V. Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Films for Photocurrent Generation. A Prompt Response to Visible Light Irradiation J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 17015-17018
6. Castrucci, P.; Tombolini, F.; Scarselli, M.; Speiser, E.; Del Gobbo, S.; Richter, W.; De Crescenzi, M.; Diociaiuti, M.; Gatto, E.; Venanzi, M. Large Photocurrent Generation in Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 89, 253107-253109
7. Scarselli, M.; Castrucci, P.; De Crescenzi, M. Electronic and Optoelectronic Nano-Devices Based on Carbon Nanotubes J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 2012, 24, 313202-313238
8. Landi, B. J.; Raffaelle, R. P.; Castro, S. L.; Bailey, S. G. Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Solar Cells Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2005, 13, 1-8
9. Kymakis, E.; Amaratunga, G. A. Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube/Conjugated Polymer Photovoltaic Devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 80, 112-114
10. Rowell, M. W.; Topinka, M. A.; McGehee, M. D.; Prall, H.-J.; Dennler, G.; Sariciftci, N. S.; Hu, L.; Gruner, G. Organic Solar Cells with Carbon Nanotube Network Electrodes Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 233506-233508
11. 3:Sn as the Transparent Electrode Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 233503-233505
12. Jia, Y.; Wei, J.; Wang, K.; Cao, A.; Shu, Q.; Gui, X.; Zhu, Y.; Zhuang, D.; Zhang, G.; Ma, B. Nanotube-Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 4594-4598
13. Jung, Y.; Li, X.; Rjan, N. K.; Taylor, A. D.; Reed, M. A. Record High Efficiency Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Silicon p-n Junction Solar Cells Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 95-99
14. Jia, Y.; Cao, A.; Bai, X.; Li, Z.; Zhang, L.; Guo, N.; Wei, J.; Wang, K.; Zhu, H.; Wu, D. Achieving High Efficiency Silicon-Carbon Nanotube Heterojunction Solar Cells by Acid Doping Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 1901-1905
15. Le Borgne, V.; Gautier, L. A.; Castrucci, P.; Del Gobbo, S.; De Crescenzi, M.; El Khakani, M. A. Enhanced UV Photoresponse of KrF-Laser-Synthesized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes/n-Silicon Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices Nanotechnology 2012, 23, 215206-215216
16. Hao, F.; Dong, P.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Loya, P. E.; Hauge, R. H.; Li, J.; Lou, J.; Lin, H. High Electrocatalytic Activity of Vertically Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes towards Sulfide Redox Shuttles Sci. Rep. 2012, 2, 368-374
17. Jia, Y.; Cao, A.; Kang, F.; Li, P.; Gui, X.; Zhang, L.; Shi, E.; Wei, J.; Wang, K.; Zhu, H. Strong and Reversible Modulation of Carbon Nanotube-Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells by an Interfacial Oxide Layer Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 8391-8396
18. Seah, M. P.; Gilmore, I.; Beamson, G. XPS: Binding Energy Calibration of Electron Spectrometers 5-Re-evaluation of the Reference Energies Surf. Interface Anal. 1998, 26, 642-649
19. Waligorski, G.; Cooke, W. E. Measuring Angular Distributions with Large-Acceptance-Angle Detectors Meas. Sci. Technol. 2001, 12, 299-305
20. Aarnik, W. A. M.; Weishaupt, A.; van Silfout, A. Angle-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ARXPS) and a Modified Levenberg-Marquardt Fit Procedure: a New Combination for Modeling Thin Layers Appl. Surf. Sci. 1990, 45, 37-48
21. Werner, W. S. M. Electron Transport in Solids for Quantitative Surface Analysis Surf. Int. Anal. 2001, 31, 141-176
22. Tilinin, I.; Jablonski, A.; Zemek, J.; Hucek, S. J. Escape Probability of Signal Photoelectrons from Non Crystalline Solids: Exact Solution in the Transport Approximation J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 1997, 97, 127-140
23. Jablonski, A. Transport Cross Section for Electrons at Energies of Surface-Sensitive Spectroscopies Phys. Rev. B 1998, 58, 16470-16480
24. Doniach, S.; Sunjic, M. Many-Electron Singularity in X-ray Photoemission and X-ray Line Spectra from Metals J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 1970, 3, 285-291
25. Hüfner, S. Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications; Springer: Berlin, 1995.
26. Sette, F.; Wertheim, G.; Ma, Y.; Meigs, G.; Modesti, S.; Chen, C. Lifetime and Screening of the C 1s Photoemission in Graphite Phys. Rev. B 1990, 41, 9766-9770
27. Wepasnick, K. A.; Smith, B. A.; Bitter, J. L.; Fairbrother, D. H. Chemical and Structural Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Surfaces Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010, 396, 1003-1014
28. Aoyama, T.; Sugii, T.; Ito, T. Determination of Band Line-up in β-SiC/Si Heterojunction for Si-HBT's Appl. Surf. Sci. 1989, 41, 584-586
29. Galuska, A.; Uht, J.; Marquez, N. Reactive and Nonreactive Ion Mixing of Ti Films on Carbon Substrates J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1988, 6, 110-122
30. Maruyama, T.; Bang, H.; Fujita, N.; Kawamura, Y.; Naritsuka, S.; Kusunoki, M. STM and XPS Studies of Early Stages of Carbon Nanotube Growth by Surface Decomposition of 6H-SiC(000-1) Under Various Oxygen Pressures Diamond Relat. Mater. 2007, 16, 1078-1081
31. x/Si Nanostructures on Surface-Templated Molecule Corrals Langmuir 2005, 21, 8883-8891
32. x/Si Substrates Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2008, 28, 1366-1371
33. Le Borgne, V.; Castrucci, P.; Del Gobbo, S.; Scarselli, M.; De Crescenzi, M.; Mohamedi, M.; El Khakani, M. A. Enhanced Photocurrent Generation from UV-Laser-Synthesized-Single-Wall-Carbon-Nanotubes/n-Silicon Hybrid Planar Devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 2010, 97, 193105-193107
34. Jia, Y.; Li, P.; Gui, X.; Wei, J.; Wang, K.; Zhu, H.; Wu, D.; Zhang, L.; Cao, A.; Xu, Y. Encapsulated Carbon Nanotube-Oxide-Silicon Solar Cells With Stable 10% Efficiency Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 98, 133115-133118