Modeling land surface processes and heavy rainfall in urban environments: Sensitivity to urban surface representations

Journal of Hydrometeorology

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1098-1118

  Li, Dan ^a   Bou Zeid, Elie ^a   Baeck, Mary Lynn ^a   Jessup, Stephen ^a,b   Smith, James A ^a  

^a Princeton University   (United States)

^b Institute for the Study of the Continents   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYER; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ERROR ANALYSIS; HEAT FLUX; JET; LAND SURFACE; METROPOLITAN AREA; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; RAINFALL; REGIONAL PATTERN; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; WEATHER FORECASTING; WIND FIELD;

BALTIMORE; MARYLAND; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [UNITED STATES];

EID: 84883824576     PISSN: 1525755X     EISSN: 15257541     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0154.1     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Ashley, W. S., M. L. Bentley, and J. A. Stallins, 2012: Urbaninduced thunderstorm modification in the southeast United States. Climatic Change, 113, 481-498.
2. Betts, A. K., J. H. Ball, A. C. M. Beljaars, M. J. Miller, and P. A. Viterbo, 1996: The land surface-atmosphere interaction: A review based on observational and global modeling perspectives. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 7209-7225.
3. Bornstein, R., and Q. L. Lin, 2000: Urban heat islands and summertime convective thunderstorms in Atlanta: Three case studies. Atmos. Environ., 34, 507-516.
4. Brutsaert, W., 2005: Hydrology: An introduction. Cambridge University Press, 605 pp.
5. Chen, F., and Coauthors, 2011: The integrated WRF/urban modelling system: Development, evaluation, and applications to urban environmental problems. Int. J. Climatol., 31, 273- 288.
6. Dixon, P. G., and T. L. Mote, 2003: Patterns and causes of Atlanta's urban heat island-initiated precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 1273-1284.
7. Higgins, R. W., Y. Yao, E. S. Yarosh, J. E. Janowiak, and K. C. Mo, 1997: Influence of the Great Plains low-level jet on summertime precipitation and moisture transport over the central United States. J. Climate, 10, 481-507.
8. Hong, S. Y., and J. J. Lim, 2006: The WRF Single-Moment 6-Class Microphysics Scheme (WSM6). J. Korean Meteor. Soc., 42, 129-151.
9. Hong, S. Y., K. S. Lim, Y. H. Lee, J. C. Ha, H. W. Kim, S. J. Ham, and J. Dudhia, 2010: Evaluation of the WRF Double-Moment 6-Class Microphysics Scheme for Precipitating Convection. Adv. Meteor., 2010, 707253, doi:10.1155/2010/707253.
10. Jankov, I., W. A. Gallus, M. Segal, B. Shaw, and S. E. Koch, 2005: The impact of different WRF model physical parameterizations and their interactions on warm season MCS rainfall. Wea. Forecasting, 20, 1048-1060.
11. Jiang, X. Y., C. Wiedinmyer, F. Chen, Z. L. Yang, and J. C. F. Lo, 2008: Predicted impacts of climate and land use change on surface ozone in the Houston, Texas, area. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D20312, doi:10.1029/2008JD009820.
12. Jin, M. L., and J. M. Shepherd, 2008: Aerosol relationships to warm season clouds and rainfall at monthly scales over east China: Urban land versus ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D24S90, doi:10.1029/2008JD010276.
13. Jin, M. L., and W. Z. Zheng, 2010: Urban surface temperature reduction via the urban aerosol direct effect:Aremote sensing and WRF model sensitivity study. Adv. Meteor., 2010, 681587, doi:10.1155/2010/681587.
14. Krajewski, W. F., and Coauthors, 2011: Towards better utilization of NEXRAD data in hydrology: An overview of Hydro- NEXRAD. J. Hydroinformatics, 13, 255-266.
15. Lee, S. H., and Coauthors, 2011: Evaluation of urban surface parameterizations in the WRF model using measurements during the Texas Air Quality Study 2006 field campaign. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 2127-2143.
16. Lim, K. S. S., and S. Y. Hong, 2010: Development of an effective double-moment cloud microphysics scheme with prognostic cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) for weather and climate models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1587-1612.
17. Lin, C. Y., W. C. Chen, P. L. Chang, and Y. F. Sheng, 2011: Impact of the urban heat island effect on precipitation over a complex geographic environment in northern Taiwan. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 339-353.
18. Loose, T., and R. D. Bornstein, 1977: Observations of mesoscale effects on frontal movement through an urban area. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 563-571.
19. Miao, S. G., F. Chen, Q. C. Li, and S. Y. Fan, 2011: Impacts of urban processes and urbanization on summer precipitation: A case study of heavy rainfall in Beijing on 1 August 2006. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 806-825.
20. Niyogi, D., and Coauthors, 2011: Urban modification of thunderstorms: An observational storm climatology and model case study for the Indianapolis urban region. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 1129-1144.
21. Ntelekos, A. A., J. A. Smith, and W. F. Krajewski, 2007: Climatological analyses of thunderstorms and flash floods in the Baltimore metropolitan region. J. Hydrometeor., 8, 88-101.
22. Ntelekos, A. A., J. A. Smith, M. L. Baeck, W. F. Krajewski, A. J. Miller, and R. Goska, 2008: Extreme hydrometeorological events and the urban environment: Dissecting the 7 July 2004 thunderstorm over the Baltimore MD metropolitan region. Water Resour. Res., 44, W08446, doi:10.1029/2007WR006346.
23. Ntelekos, A. A., J. A. Smith, L. Donner, J. D. Fast, W. I. Gustafson, E. G. Chapman, and W. F. Krajewski, 2009: The effects of aerosols on intense convective precipitation in the northeastern United States. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 1367-1391.
24. Pielke, R. A., 2001: Influence of the spatial distribution of vegetation and soils on the prediction of cumulus convective rainfall. Rev. Geophys., 39, 151-177.
25. Rosenfeld, D., 2000: Suppression of rain and snow by urban and industrial air pollution. Science, 287, 1793-1796.
26. Shem, W., and M. Shepherd, 2009: On the impact of urbanization on summertime thunderstorms in Atlanta: Two numerical model case studies. Atmos. Res., 92, 172-189.
27. Shephard, J. M., 2005: A review of current investigations of urbaninduced rainfall and recommendations for the future. Earth Interact., 9. [Available online at http://EarthInteractions.org.]
28. Shepherd, J. M., M. Carter, M. Manyin, D. Messen, and S. Burian, 2010: The impact of urbanization on current and future coastal precipitation: a case study for Houston. Environ. Plann., 37B, 284-304.
29. Skamarock, W. C., and J. B. Klemp, 2008: A time-split nonhydrostatic atmospheric model for weather research and forecasting applications. J. Comput. Phys., 227, 3465-3485.
30. Smith, J. A., M. L. Baeck, G. Villarini, C.Welty, A. J. Miller, and W. F. Krajewski, 2012:Analyses of a long-term, high-resolution radar rainfall data set for the Baltimore metropolitan region. Water Resour. Res., 48, W04504, doi:10.1029/2011WR010641.
31. Stensrud, D. J., 1996: Importance of low-level jets to climate: A review. J. Climate, 9, 1698-1711.
32. Talbot, C., E. Bou-Zeid, and J. Smith, 2012: Nested mesoscale large-eddy simulations with WRF: Performance in real test cases. J. Hydrometeor., 13, 1421-1441.
33. Trier, S. B., F. Chen, and K. W. Manning, 2004: A study of convection initiation in a mesoscale model using high-resolution land surface initial conditions. Mon.Wea. Rev., 132, 2954-2976.
34. Trier, S. B., F. Chen, M. A. LeMone, and C. A. Davis, 2008: Sensitivity of the PBL and precipitation in 12-day simulations of warmseason convection using different land surface models and soil wetness conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 2321-2343.
35. Trier, S. B., M.A. LeMone, F. Chen, and K. W. Manning, 2011: Effects of surface heat and moisture exchange on ARW-WRF warmseason precipitation forecasts over the central United States. Wea. Forecasting, 26, 3-25.
36. Wang, Z. H., E. Bou-Zeid, S. K. Au, and J. A. Smith, 2011: Analyzing the sensitivity of WRF's single-layer urban canopy model to parameter uncertainty using advanced Monte Carlo simulation. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 1795-1814.
37. Wang, Z. H., E. Bou-Zeid, and J. A. Smith, 2013: A coupled energy transport and hydrological model for urban canopies evaluated using a wireless sensor network. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1002/qj.2032, in press.
38. Wood, E. F., and Coauthors, 2011: Hyperresolution global land surface modeling: Meeting a grand challenge for monitoring Earth's terrestrial water. Water Resour. Res., 47, W05301, doi:10.1029/2010WR010090.
39. Wright, D. B., J. A. Smith, G. Villarini, and M. L. Baeck, 2012: Hydroclimatology of flash flooding in Atlanta. Water Resour. Res., 48, W04524, doi:10.1029/2011WR011371.
40. Yeung, J. K., J. A. Smith, G. Villarini, A. A. Ntelekos, M. L. Baeck, and W. F. Krajewski, 2011: Analyses of the warm season rainfall climatology of the northeastern US using regional climate model simulations and radar rainfall fields. Adv. Water Resour., 34, 184-204.
41. Zhang, D. L., and J. M. Fritsch, 1986: Numerical simulation of the meso-b scale structure and evolution of the 1977 Johnstown Flood. Part I: Model description and verification. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1913-1943.
42. Zhang, D. L., S. L. Zhang, and S. J. Weaver, 2006: Low-level jets over the Mid-Atlantic states: Warm-season climatology and a case study. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 45, 194-209.
43. Zhang, D. L., Y. X. Shou, R. R. Dickerson, and F. Chen, 2011: Impact of upstream urbanization on the urban heat island effects along the Washington-Baltimore corridor. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 2012-2029.
44. Zhang, Y., J. A. Smith, A. A. Ntelekos, M. L. Baeck, W. F. Krajewski, and F. Moshary, 2009: Structure and evolution of precipitation along a cold front in the northeastern United States. J. Hydrometeor., 10, 1243-1256.