Nanoparticles: Toxicity, radicals, electron transfer, and antioxidants

Methods in Molecular Biology

Volumn 1028, Issue , 2013, Pages 15-35

  Kovacic, Peter ^a   Somanathan, Ratnasamy ^b  

^a SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TIJUANA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Antioxidants; Electron transfer; Mechanisms; Nanoparticles; Reactive oxygen species; Therapeutics; Toxicants

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUND; CARBON NANOTUBE; IMINE; IMINIUM SPECIES; METAL DERIVATIVE; MULTI WALLED NANOTUBE; NANOPARTICLE; QUINONE DERIVATIVE; RADICAL; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ELECTRON TRANSPORT; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TOXICITY;

EID: 84883222018     PISSN: 10643745     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_2     Document Type: Review

References (152)

1. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2010) Biomechanisms of nanoparticles (toxicants, antioxidants and therapeutics): Electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 10:7919-7930
2. Kovacic P, Becvar LE (2000) Mode of action of anti-infective agents: Emphasis on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Pharm Des 6:143-167
3. Kovacic P, Osuna JA (2000) Mechanisms of anticancer agents: Emphasis on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Pharm Des 6:277-309
4. Kovacic P, Jacintho JD (2001) Mechanism of carcinogenesis: Focus on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 8:773-796
5. Kovacic P, Jacintho JD (2001) Reproductive toxins: Pervasive theme of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 8:863-892
6. Kovacic P, Sacman A, Wu-Weis M (2002) Nephrotoxins: Widespread role of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem 9:823-847
7. Poli G, Cheeseman GH, Dianzani MU, Slater TF (1989) Free radicals in the pathogenesis of liver injury. Pergamon Pree, Oxford, pp 1-330
8. Kovacic P, Thurn LA (2005) Cardiovascular toxins from the perspective of oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 3:107-117
9. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2005) Neurotoxicity: The broad framework of electron transfer, oxidative stress and protection by antioxidants. Curr Med Chem-CNS Agents 5:249-258
10. Kovacic P, Pozos RS, Somanathan R, Shangari N, O'Brien PG (2005) Mechanism of mitochondrial uncouplers, inhibitors, and toxins: Focus on electron transfer, free radicals, and structure-Activity relationships. Curr Med Chem 5:2601-2623
11. Kovacic P, Cooksy AL (2005) Unifying mechanism for toxicity and addiction by abused drugs: Electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. Med Hypotheses 64:357-366
12. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2008) Ototoxicity and noise trauma: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, cell signaling, electrical effects, and protection by antioxidants: Practical medical aspect. Med Hypotheses 70: 914-923
13. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2008) Integrated approach to immunotoxicity: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, cell signaling, and receptors. J Recept Signal Transduct 28:323-346
14. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2008) Unifying mechanism for eye toxicity: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant benefi ts, cell signaling and cell membranes. Cell Membr Free Rad Res 1:56-69
15. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2009) Pulmonary toxicity and environmental contamination: Radicals, electron transfer, and protection by antioxidants. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 201:41-69
16. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2010) Dermal toxicity and environmental contamination: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, cell signaling, and protection by antioxidants. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 203:119-138
17. Kourounakis PN, Tsiakitzis K, Kourounakis AP, Galanakis D (2000) Reduction of gastrointestinal toxicity of NSAIDs via molecular modifi cations leading to antioxidant anti-infl ammatory drugs. Toxicology 144:205-210
18. Kovacic P, Edwards C (2010) Integrated approach to the mechanisms of thyroid toxins: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, cell signaling, receptors, and antioxidants. J Recept Signal Transduct 30:133-142
19. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1999) Free radicals in biology and medicine. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 1-936
20. van der Zande M, Junker R, Walboomers XF, Jansen JA (2010) Carbon nanotubes in animal models: A systemic review on toxic potential. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 17:58-69
21. Johnston HJ, Hutchinson GR, Christensen FM, Peters S, Hankin S, Aschberger K, Stone V (2010) A critical review of the biological mechanisms underlying the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of carbon nanotubes: The contribution of physico-chemical characteristics. Nanotoxicology 4:207-246
22. Kim JS, Lee K, Lee YH, Cho HS, Kim KH, Choi KH, Lee SH, Song KS, Kang CS, Yu IJ (2011) Aspect ratio has no effect on genotoxicity of multi-walled nanotubes. Arch Toxicol 85:775-786
23. Stella GM (2011) Carbon nanotubes and pleural damage: Perspectives of nanosafety in the light of asbestos experience. Biointerphases 6:1-17
24. Srivastava RK, Pant AB, Kashyap MP, Lohani M, Jonas L, Rahman Q (2011) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in human lung cancer cells line-A549. Nanotoxicology 5:195-207
25. Ye S, Wang Y, Jiao F, Zhang H, Lin C, Wu Y, Zhang Q (2011) The role of NADPH oxidase in multi-walled carbon nanotubesinduced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in human macrophages. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 11:3773-3781
26. Pauluhn J (2010) Subchronic 13-week inhalation exposure of rats to multiwalled carbon nanotubes: Toxic effects are determined by density of agglomerate structures, not fi brillar structures. Toxicol Sci 113:226-242
27. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2011) Infl ammation and anti-infl ammatory agent: Reactive oxygen species and toxicity. In: Laher I (ed) Systems biology of free radicals and anti-oxidants. Springer, New York
28. Reddy AR, Rao MV, Krishna DR, Himabindu V, Reddy YN (2011) Evaluation of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in rat serum following exposure of carbon nanotubes. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 59:251-257
29. Reddy AR, Reddy YN, Krishna DR, Himabindu V (2010) Multi wall carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells. Toxicology 272:11-16
30. Takaya M, Serita F, Yamazaki K, Aiso S, Kubota H, Asalura M, Ikawa N, Nagano K, Arito H, Fukushima S (2010) Characteristics of multiwalled nanotubes for an intratracheal installation study with rats. Ind Health 48: 452-459
31. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1999) Free radicals in biology and medicine. Oxford University Press, New York, p 464
32. Clichici S, Mocan T, Filip A, Biris A, Simon S, Daicoviciu D, Decea N, Parvu A, Moldovan R, Muresan A (2011) Blood oxidative stress generation after interperitonial administration of functionalized single walled-carbon nanotubes in rats. Acta Physiol Hung 98: 231-241
33. Inoue K, Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Nishkawa M, Takano H (2010) Repeated pulmonary exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes exacerbates allergic infl ammation of the airway: Possible role of oxidative stress. Free Rad Biol Med 48:924-934
34. Pacurari M, Yin XJ, Zhao J, Ding M, Leonard SS, Schwegler-Berry D, Ductman BS, Sbarra D, Hoover MD, Castranova V, Vallyathan V (2008) Raw single-wall carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and activate MAPKs, AP-1, NF-kappaB, and Akt in normal and malignant human mesothelial cells. Environ Health Perspect 116:1211-1217
35. Wang X, Katwa P, Podila R, Chen P, Ke PC, Rao AM, Walters DM, Wingard CJ, Brown JM (2011) Multi-walled carbon nanotube instillation impairs pulmonary function in C57BL/6 mice. Particle Fibre Toxicol 8:24
36. Shevedova AA, Kisin E, Murray AR, Johnson VJ, Gorlik O, Arepalli S, Hubbs AF, Mercer RR, Keohavong P, Sussman N, Jin J, Stone S, Chen BT, Deye G, Maynard A, Castranova V, Baron PA, Kagan VE (2008) Inhalation vs. aspiration of single-walled carbon nanotubes in C57BL/mice: Infl ammation, fi brosis, oxidative stress, and mutagenesis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295:L552-L565
37. Ravichandran P, Baluchamy S, Gopikrishnan R, Biradar S, Ramesh V, Goornavar V, Thomas R, Wilson BL, Jeffers R, Hall JC, Ramesh GT (2011) Pulmonary biocompatibility assessment of inhaled single-wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes in BALB/c mice. J Biol Chem 286:29725-29733
38. Wessels A, van Berlo D, Boots AW, Gerloff K, Scherbart AM, Casseee FR, Gerlofs-Niijland ME, van Schooten F-J, Albrecht C, Schins RPF (2011) Oxidative stress and DNA damage responses in rat and mice lung to inhaled carbon nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 5: 66-78
39. Murray AR, Kisin E, Leonard SS, Yoiung SH, Kommineni C, Kagan VE, Castronova V, Shvedova AA (2009) Oxidative stress and infl ammatory response in dermal toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicology 257:161-171
40. Limbach LK, Wick P, Grass RN, Bruinink A, Stark WJ (2007) Exposure of engineered nanoparticles to human lung epithelial cells: Infl uence of chemical composition and catalytic activity on oxidative stress. Environ Sci Technol 41:4158-4163
41. By GY, Brumno M, Wallace K, Winnik W, Prasad RY (2011) Proteome profi ling reveals potential toxicity and detoxifi cation pathways following exposure of BEAS-2B cells to engineered nanoparticle titanium dioxide. Proteomics 11:2406-2422
42. Buffet PE, Tankoua OF, Pan JF, Berhanu D, Herrenknecht C, Poirier L, Amiard-Triquet C, Amiard JC, Bérard JB, Risso C, Guibbolini M, Roméo M, Reip P, Valsami-Jones E, Mouneyrac C (2011) Behavioral and biochemical responses of two marine invertebrates Scrobicularia plana and Hediste diversicolor to copper oxide nanoparticle. Chemosphere 84:166-174
43. Marano F, Hussain S, Rodrigues-Lima F, Baeza-Squiban A, Boland S (2011) Nanoparticles: Molecular targets and cell signaling. Arch Toxicol 85:733-741
44. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (2000) Free radicals in biology and medicine. New York, Oxford, p 340
45. Shaw BJ, Handy RD (2011) Physiological effects of nanoparticles on fish: A comparison of nanometals versus metal ions. Environ Int 37:1083-1097
46. Beyerle A, Long AS, White PA, Kissel T, Stoeger T (2011) Poly(ethylene imine) nanocarriers do not induce mutations nor oxidative stress DNA damage in vitro in MutaMouse FE1 cells. Mol Pharm 8:976-981
47. 2 nanoparticles. Chemosphere 83:461-467
48. Sikka SC (2001) Relative impact of oxidative stress on male reproductive function. Curr Med Chem 8:851-862
49. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2006) Mechanisms of teratogenesis: Electron transfer, reactive oxygen species and antioxidants. Birth Def Res 78:308-325
50. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2011) Free radicals and teratogenesis. In: Laher I (ed) Systems biology of free radicals and antioxidants. Springer, New York
51. Møller P, Mikkelsen L, Vesterdal LK, Folkmann JK, Forchhammer L, Roursgaard M, Danielsen PH, Loft S (2011) Hazard identification of particulate matter on vasomotor dysfunction and progression of atherosclerosis. Crit Rev Toxicol 41:339-368
52. Fubini B, Chaiazza M, Fenoglio I (2010) Physico-chemical features of engineered nanoparticles relevant to their toxicity. Nanotoxicology 4:347-363
53. Terzano C, Di Stefano F, Conti V, Graziani E, Petroianni A (2010) Air pollution ultrafi ne particles: Toxicity beyond the lung. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 14:809-821
54. Müller L, Riediker M, Wick P, Mohr M, Gehr P, Rothen-Rutishauser B (2010) Oxidative stress and infl ammation response after nanoparticle exposure: Differences between human lung cell monocultures and an advanced threedimensional model of the human epithelial airways. J R Soc Interface 7:S27-S40
55. Møller P, Jacobsen NR, Folkmann JK, Danielsen PH, Mikkelsen L, Hemmingsen JG, Vesterdal LK, Forchhammer L, Wallin H, Loft S (2010) Role of oxidative damage in toxicity of particulates. Free Rad Res 44:1-46
56. McLeish JA, Chico TJ, Taylor HB, Tucker C, Donaldson K, Brown SB (2010) Skin exposure to micro-And nano-particles can cause haemostasis in zebrafi sh larvae. Thromb Haemost 103:797-807
57. Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Zia S, Dhanasekaran S, Shudadevi M, Ali BH (2010) Time-course effects of systematically administered diesel exhaust particle in rats. Toxicol Lett 194: 58-65
58. Li R, Ning Z, Majumdar R, Cui J, Takabe W, Jen N, Sioutas C, Hsiai T (2010) Ultrafi ne particles from diesel vehicle emissions at different driving cycles induce differential vascular pro-infl ammatory responses: Implication of chemical components and NF-kappaB signaling. Part Fibre Toxicol 7:6
59. Turci F, Tomatis M, Lesci IG, Roveri N, Fubini B (2011) The iron-related molecular toxicity mechanism of synthetic asbestos nanofi bres: A model study for high-Aspectratio nanoparticles. Chemistry 17:350-358
60. Donaldson K, Borm PJ, Castronova V, Gulumian M (2009) The limits of testing particle-mediated oxidative stress in vitro in predicting diverse pathologies; relevance for testing of nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol 6:13
61. Brown T (2009) Silica exposure, smoking, silicosis and lung cancer-complex interactions. Occup Med 59:89-95
62. Wu J, Wang C, Sun J, Xue Y (2011) Neurotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Brain localization and dopaminergic neurons damage pathways. ACS Nano 5:4476-4489
63. Song Y, Li X, Wang L, Rojanaskul Y, Castranova V, Li H, Ma J (2011) Nanomaterial in humans: Identifi cation, characteristics, and potential damage. Toxicol Pathol 39:841-849
64. Bhattacharjee S, de Haan LHJ, Evers NM, Jiang X, Marcelis ATM, Zuihof H, Rietjens IMCM, Alink GM (2010) Role of surface charge and oxidative stress in cytotoxicity of organic monolayer-coated silicon nanoparticles towards macrophage NR8383 cells. Particle Fibre Toxicol 7:25
65. 23:1326-1332
66. 23:808-815
67. Li JJ, Muralikrishnan S, Ng C-T, Yung L-YL, Bay B-H (2010) Nanoparticles-induced pulmonary toxicity. Exp Biol Med 235: 1025-1033
68. Hussain S, Thomassen LCJ, Ferecatu I, Borot M-C, Andreau K, Martens JA, Fleury J, Baeza-Squiban A, Marano F, Boland S (2010) Carbon black and titanium dioxide nanoparticles elicit distinct apoptotic pathways in bronchial epithelial cells. Particle Fiber Toxicol 7:10
69. Muller J, Decordier I, Hoet PH, Lombaert FH, Lison D, Kirsch-Volders M (2008) Clastogenic and aneugenic effects of multiwall carbon nanotubes in epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis 29:427-433
70. Hussain S, Vanoirbeek JAJ, Luyts K, De Vooght V, Verbeken E, Thomassen LCJ, Martens JA, Dinsdale D, Boland S, Marano F, Nemery B, Hoet PHM (2011) Lung exposure to nanoparticles modulates an asthma response in mouse model. Eurp Respir J 37: 299-309
71. 2 delivered to the abdominal cavity. Biomaterials 31:99-105
72. Trouiller B, Reliene R, Westbrook A, Solaimani P, Schiestl RH (2009) Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce DNA damage and genetic instability in vivo in mice. Cancer Res 69:8784-8794
73. Bhattacharya K, Davoren M, Boertz J, Schins RPF, Hoffmann E, Dopp E (2009) Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and DNA-Adduct formation but not DNAbreakage in human lung cells. Particle Fibre Toxicol 6:17
74. Gurr J-R, Wang ASS, Chen C-H, jan K-Y (2005) Ultrafi ne titanium dioxide particles in the absence of photoactivation can induce oxidative damage to human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology 213:66-73
75. Long TC, Saleh N, Tilton RD, Lowry GV, Veronesi B (2006) Titanium dioxide (P25) produces reactive oxygen species in immortalized brain microglia (BV2): Implications for nanoparticle neurotoxicity. Environ Sci Technol 40:4346-4352
76. 2 nanoparticle-induced protein expression changes in mouse brain. Animal Cells Systems 15:107-114
77. 2 nanoparticles in cardiac cells. Exp Clin Cardiol 16:6-10
78. Choi O, Hu Z (2009) Reactive oxygen species in determining nitrifi cation inhibition by metallic/oxide nanoparticles. J Environ Eng 135:1365-1370
79. Tran DT, Salmon R (2010) Potential photocarcinogenic effects of nanoparticle sunscreens. Australas J Dermatol. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2010. 00677.x
80. Haase A, Tentscher J, Jungnickel H, Graf P, Mantion A, Draude F, Plendl J, Goetz ME, Galla S, Mašić A, Thuenemann AF, Taubert A, Arlinghaus HF, Luch A (2011) Toxicity of silver nanoparticles in human macrophages: Uptake, intracellular distribution and cellular responses. J Phys Conf Series 304(012030):1-15. doi: 10.1088/ 1742-6596/304/1/ 012030
81. AshaRani PV, Mun GLK, Hande MP, Valiyaveettil S (2009) Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in human cells. ACSNano 3:279-290
82. Sheikpranabu S, Kalishwaralal K, Venkataraman D, Ecom SH, Park J, Gurunathan S (2009) Silver nanoparticles inhibit VEGF-And IL-I-induced vascular permeability via dependent pathway in porcine retinal endothelial cells. J Nanotechnol 7:8. doi: 10.1186/1477-3155-7-8
83. Carlson C, Hussain SM, Schrand AM, Braydich-Stolle LK, Hess KL, Jones RL, Schlager JJ (2008) Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: Size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. J Phys Chem B 112:13608-13619
84. Lin W, Huang Y-W, Zhou X-D, Ma Y (2006) Toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles in human lung cancer cells. Int J Toxicol 25:451-457
85. Horie M, Fujita K (2011) Toxicity of metal oxides nanoparticles. In: Fishbein JC (ed) Advances in molecular toxicology. Elsevier, Oxford, UK, Chapter 4
86. Horie M, Nishio K, Kato H, Fujita K, Endoh S, Nakamura A, Miyauchi A, Kinugasa S, Yamamoto K, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Hagihara Y, Iwahashi H (2011) Cellular responses induced by cerium oxide nanoparticles: Induction of intracellular calcium level and oxidative stress on cultured cells. J Biolchem doi: 10.1093/jb/mvr081
87. Park E-J, Choi J, Park Y-K, Park K (2008) Oxidative stress induced by cerium oxide nanoparticles in cultured BEAS-2B cells. Toxicology 245:90-100
88. Asati A, Santra S, Kaittanis C, Perez JM (2010) Surface-charge-dependent cell localization and cytotoxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles. ACS Nano 4:5321-5331
89. Wingard CJ, Walters DM, Cathey BL, Hildrbrand SC, Katwa P, Lin S, Ke PC, Podila R, Rao A, Lust RM, Brown JM (2010) Mast cells contribute to altered vascular reactivity and ischemia-reperfusion injury following cerium oxide nanoparticle instillation. Nanotoxicology 4:1-15
90. Pujalté I, Passagne I, Brouillaud B, Tréguer M, Durand E, Ohayon-Courtés C (2011) Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by different metallic nanoparticles on human kidney cells. Particle Fibre Toxicol 8:10
91. Sharma V, Anderson D, Dhawan A (2011) Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human liver cells (HepG2). J Biomed Nanotechnol 7:98-99
92. Heng BC, Zhao X, Xiong S, Ng KW, Boey FY-C, Loo JC-C (2010) Toxicity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) is accentuated by oxidative stress. Food Chemical Toxicol 48:1762-1766
93. Bai W, Zhang Z, Tian W, He X, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Chai Z (2010) Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to zebrafi sh embryo: A physiochemical study of toxicity mechanism. J Nanoparticle Res 12:1645-1654
94. Musarrat J, Saquib Q, Azam A, Naqvi AH (2009) Zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Int J Nanoparticles 2:401-415
95. Sharma V, Shukla RK, Saxena N, Parmar D, das M, Dhawan A (2009) DNA damaging potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells. Toxicol Lett 185:211-218
96. 2:2121-2134
97. Xie Y, He Y, Irwin PL, Jin T, Shi X (2011) Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of zinc oxide nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni . Appl Environ Microbiol 77:2325-2331
98. Busch W, Kühnel D, Schirmer K, Scholz S (2010) Tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticles exert hypoxia-like effects on gene expression level in human keratinocytes. BMC Genomics 11:65
99. Papis E, Rossi F, Raspanti M, Dalle-Donne I, Colombo G, Milzani A, Bernardini G, Gornati R (2009) Engineered cobalt oxide nanoparticles readily enter cells. Toxicol Lett 189:253-259
100. Horie M, Nishio K, Endoh S, Kato H, Fujita K, Miyauchi A, Nakamura S, Yamamoto K, Niki E, Yoshida Y, Iwahashi H (2011) Chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles induced remarkable oxidative stress and apoptosis on culture cells. Environ Toxicol doi: 10.1002/ tox.20695
101. Soudani N, Amara IB, Troudi A, Bouaziz H, Boudawara T, Zeghal N (2011) Oxidative stress induced by chromium (VI) in bone of suckling rats. Toxicol Ind Health doi: 10.1177/0748233710395992
102. Stefanescu DM, Khoshnan A, Patterson PH, Hering JG (2011) Neurotoxicity of manganese oxide nanoparticles. J Nanoparticle Res 11:1957-1969
103. Frick R, Müller-Edenborn B, Schlicker A, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Raemy DO, Günther D, Hattendorf B, Stark W, Beck-Schimmer B (2011) Comparison of manganese oxide nanoparticles and manganese sulfate with regard to oxidative stress, uptake and apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett 205:163-172
104. Ahamed M, Akgtar MJ, Siddiqui MA, Ahmad J, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA, AlSalhi MS, Alrokayan SA (2011) Oxidative stress mediated apoptosis induced by nickel ferrite nanoparticles in cultured A549 cells. Toxicology 283: 101-108
105. Morimoto Y, Ogami A, Todoroki M, Yamamoto M, Murakami M, Hirohashi M, Oyabu T, Myojo T, Nishi K-I, Kadoya C, Yamasaki S, Nagatomo H, Fujita K, Endoh S, Uchida K, Yamamoto K, Kobayashi N, Nakanishi J, Tanaka I (2010) Expression of infl ammation-related cytokines following intratracheal instillation of nickel oxide nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 4:161-176
106. Abedelhalim MAK, Jarrar BM (2011) Gold nanoparticles administration induced prominent infl ammatory, central vein intima disruption, fatty change and Kupffer cells hyperplasia. Lipid Health Disease 10:133
107. Tefesco S, Doyle H, Blasco J, Redmond G, Sheehan D (2010) Oxidative stress and toxicity of gold nanoparticles in Mytilus edulis . Aquatic Toxicol 100:178-186
108. Li JJ, Hartono D, Ong CN, Bay BH, Yung LY (2010) Autophagy and oxidative stress associated with gold nanoparticles. Biomaterials 31:5996-6003
109. Pan Y, Leifert A, Ruau D, Neuss S, Bornemann J, Schmid G, Brandau W, Simon U, Jahnen-Dechent W (2009) Gold nanoparticles of diameter 1.4 nm trigger necrosis by oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Small 5:2067-2076
110. Park E-J, Kim H, Kim Y, Park K (2010) Effects of platinum nanoparticles on the postnatal development of mouse pups by maternal exposure. Environ Health Toxicol 25:279-286
111. Kachi H, Noda M, Wataha JC, Nakaoki Y, Sano H (2011) Colloidal platinum nanoparticles increase mitochondrial stress induced by resin composite components. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 96:193-198
112. Yuan Y, Tang J, Wei C, Han B, Yang X (2011) Oxidative damage of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on mouse hepatic cells in vitro. Bioinfor Biomed Eng 1-4, 5th international conference. doi: 10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781375
113. Naqvi S, Abdin MZ, Ahmed FJ, Maitra AN, Prashant CK, Dinda AK (2010) Concentration-dependent toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles mediated by increased oxidative stress. Int J Nanomed 5:983-989
114. Keenan CR, Goth-Golsrein R, Lucas D, Sedlak DL (2009) Oxidative stress induced by zero-valent iron nanoparticles and Fe(II) in human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Sci Technol 43:4555-4560
115. Radu M, Munteanu MC, Petrache S, Serban AI, Dinu D, Hermenean A, Sima C, Dinischiotu A (2010) Depletion of intracellular glutathione and increased lipid peroxidation mediate cytotoxicity of hematite nanoparticles in MRC-5 cells. Acta Biochim Polon 57:355-360
116. Soenen SJH, Nuytten N, De Meyer SF, De Emedt SC, De Cuyper M (2010) High intracellular iron oxide nanoparticle concentrations affect cellular cytoskeleton and focal adhesion kinase-mediated signaling. Small 6:832-842
117. Kovacic P, Somanathan R (2006) Benefi cial effects of antioxidants in relation to carcinogen, toxins and various illnesses. In: Panglossi HV (ed) Frontiers in antioxidants research. Nova Science, New York, pp 1-38, Chapter 1
118. Mocan T, Clichici S, Agoşton-Colea L, Mocan L, Şimon Ş, Ilie IR, Biriş AR (2010) Implications of oxidative stress mechanisms in toxicity of nanoparticles. Acta Physiol Hung 97:247-255
119. Elswaifi SF, Palmieri JR, Hockey KS, Rzigalinski BA (2009) Antioxidant nanoparticles for control of infectious disease. Infec Disord Drug Targets 9:445-452
120. Celardo I, Pederson JZ, Traversa E, Ghibell L (2011) Pharmacological potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles. Nanoscale 3:1411-1420
121. Amin KA, Hassan MS, Awad E-ST, Hashem KS (2011) The protective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against hepatic oxidative damage induced by monocrotaline. Int J Nanomed 6:143-149
122. Niu J, Wang K, Kolattukudy PE (2011) Cerium oxide nanoparticles inhibit oxidative stress and nuclear factor-kB activation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to cigarette smoke extract. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 338: 53-61
123. Clark A, Zhu A, Sun K, Petty HR (2011) Cerium oxide and platinum nanoparticles protect cells from oxidant-mediated apoptosis. J Nanopart Res 13(10):5547-5555. doi: 10.1007/s11051-011-0544-3
124. Hirst SM, Karakoti A, Singh S, Self W, Tyler R, Seal S, Reilly CM (2011) Bio-distribution and in vivo antioxidant effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles in mice. Environ Toxicol doi: 10.1002/tox.20704
125. Colon J, Herrera L, Smith J, Patil S, Komanski C, Kupelian P, Seal S, Jenkins DW, Baker CH (2009) Protection from radiation-induced pneumonitis using cerium oxide nanoparticles. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med 5:225-231
126. 2 solid solution nanoparticles. Nanomedicine 3:637-645
127. Niu J, Azfer A, Rogers LM, Wang X, Kolattukudy PE (2007) Cardioprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles in a transgenic murine model of cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 73:549-559
128. Schbert D, Dargusch R, Raitano J, Chan S-W (2006) Cerium and yttrium oxide nanoparticles are neuroprotective. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342:86-91
129. Zhang L, Laug L, Münchgesang W, Pippel E, Gösele U, Brandsch M, Knez M (2010) Reducing stress on cells with apoferritinencapsulated platinum nanoparticles. Nano Lett 10:219-223
130. Onizawa S, Aoshiba K, Kajita M, Miyamoto Y, Nagai A (2009) Platinum nanoparticle antioxidants inhibit pulmonary infl ammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Pulmonary Pharmacol Therap 22:340-349
131. Hikosaka K, kim J, Kajita M, Kanayama A, Miyamoto Y (2008) Platinum nanoparticles have an activity similar to mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces 66:195-200
132. Sakaue Y, kim J, Miyamoto Y (2010) Effects of TAT-conjugated platinum nanoparticles on lifespan of mitochondrial electron transport complex I-defi cient Caenorhabditis elegans, nuo-1 . Int J Nanomed 5:687-695
133. Barath Mani Kanth S, Kalishwaralal K, Sriram M, Pandian SRK, Youn H-S, Eom S, Gurunathan S (2010) Anti-oxidant effect of gold nanoparticles restrains hyperglycemic conditions in diabetic mice. J Nanobiotechnol 8:16
134. Sul O-J, Kim J-C, Kyung T-W, Kim H-J, Kim Y-Y, Kim S-H, Kim J-S, Choi H-S (2010) Gold nanoparticles inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation by acting as an antioxidant. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 74:2209-2213
135. Mohammad G, Mishra V, Pandey HP (2008) Antioxidant properties of some nanoparticles may enhance wound healing in T2DM patient. Digest J Nanomat Biostruct 3:159-162
136. Yin J-J, Lao F, Fu P, Wamer WG, Zhao Y, Wang PC, Qiu Y, Sun B, Xing G, Dong J, Liang X-J, Chen C (2009) The scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the potential for cell protection by functionalized fullerene materials. Biomaterial 30:611-621
137. Bawa R (2008) Nanoparticle-based therapeutics in humans; a survey. Nanotechnol Law Business 2008(5):135-155
138. Sanvicens N, Marco MP (2008) Multifunctional nanoparticles-properties and prospects for their use in human medicine. Trends Biotechnol 26:425-433 Peter Kovacic and Ratnasamy Somanathan
139. De Jong WH, Borm PJA (2008) Drug delivery and nanoparticles: Applications and hazards. Int J Nanomed 3:133-149
140. Nair HB, Sung B, Yadev VR, Kannappan R, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB (2010) Delivery of anti-infl ammatory nutraceuticals by nanoparticles for prevention and treatment of cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 80: 1833-1843
141. Lim Z-ZJ, Li J-EJ, Ng C-T, Yung A-YL, Bay B-H (2011) Gold nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 32:983-990
142. Thakor AS, Jokerst J, Zavaleta C, Massoud TF, Gambhir SS (2011) Gold nanoparticles a revival in precious metal administration to patients. Nano Lett 11(10):4029-4036
143. Oo MKK, Yang X, Du H, Wang H (2008) Aminolevulinic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Nanomedicine 3:777-786
144. Kim D, Jeong YY, Jon S (2010) Drug-loaded aptamer-gold nanoparticle bioconjugated for combined CT imaging and therapy of prostate cancer. ACS Nano 4:3689-3696
145. Reddy AK, Rathinaraj BS, Prathyusha P, BHargav TA, Rajani T, Rajamanickam V, Krishna Reddy P, Arul Selvam M (2011) Emerging trends of nanotechnology in cancer therapy. Int J Pharamc Biolo Arch 2:1
146. Geng F, Song K, Xing JZ, Yuan C, Yan S, Yang Q, Chen J, Kong B (2011) Thio-glucose bound gold nanoparticles enhance radiocytotoxic targeting of ovarian cancer. Nanotechnology 22(28):285101
147. Ahamed M, Sldalhi MS, Siddiqui MKJ (2010) Silver nanoparticle applications and human health. Clinica Chimica Acta 411:841-1848
148. Lara HH, Ayala-Nuńez N, Ixtepan-Turrent L, Rodriguez-Padilla C (2010) Mode of antiviral action of silver nanoparticles against HIV-1. J Nanobiotechnol 8:1
149. Sriram MI, Mani Kanth SB, Kalishwaralal K (2010) Antitumor activity of silver nanoparticles in Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumor model. Int J Nanomedicine 5: 753-762
150. David AE, Cole AJ, Yang VC (2011) Magnetically targeted nanoparticles for brain tumor therapy; what does the future hold? Nanomedicine 6:1133-1135
151. Suri SS, Fenniri H, Singh B (2007) Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. J Occupational Med Toxicol 2:16
152. Lim KJ, Bisht S, Bar EE, Maitra A, Eberhart CG (2011) A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of curcumin inhibits growth, clonogenicity and stem-like fraction in malignant brain tumors. Cancer Biol Therp 11:1-10