메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 84, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 304-315

Comparison of a culture-based and a PCR-based methods for estimating bacterial abundance on eggshells, with comments on statistical analyses

Author keywords

Censored data; Culture method; Eggshell microbe; Escherichia coli; Pica pica; Real time PCR

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CORVIDAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; PICA PICA;

EID: 84882995709     PISSN: 02738570     EISSN: 15579263     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jofo.12031     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 4444247028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microflora ecology of the chicken intestine using 16S ribosomal DNA primers
    • Amit-Romach, E., D. Sklan, and Z. Uni. 2004. Microflora ecology of the chicken intestine using 16S ribosomal DNA primers. Poultry Science 83: 1093-1098.
    • (2004) Poultry Science , vol.83 , pp. 1093-1098
    • Amit-Romach, E.1    Sklan, D.2    Uni, Z.3
  • 2
    • 43749084885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of statistical treatments of left-censored environmental data using coincident uncensored data sets: I. Summary statistics
    • Antweiler, R. C., and H. E. Taylor. 2008. Evaluation of statistical treatments of left-censored environmental data using coincident uncensored data sets: I. Summary statistics. Environmental Science and Technology 42: 3732-3738.
    • (2008) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.42 , pp. 3732-3738
    • Antweiler, R.C.1    Taylor, H.E.2
  • 3
    • 0344623804 scopus 로고
    • The microflora of the alimentary tract and avian pathogens: translocation and vertical transmission
    • (R. G. Board and R. Fuller, eds.). Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
    • Barrow, P. A. 1994. The microflora of the alimentary tract and avian pathogens: translocation and vertical transmission. In: Microbiology of avian eggs (R. G. Board and R. Fuller, eds.), pp. 117-136. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
    • (1994) Microbiology of avian eggs , pp. 117-136
    • Barrow, P.A.1
  • 4
    • 0002737477 scopus 로고
    • Trans-shell transmission
    • (R. G. Board and R. Fuller, eds.). Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
    • Bruce, J., and E. M. Drysdale. 1994. Trans-shell transmission. In: Microbiology of avian eggs (R. G. Board and R. Fuller, eds.), pp. 63-91. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
    • (1994) Microbiology of avian eggs , pp. 63-91
    • Bruce, J.1    Drysdale, E.M.2
  • 6
    • 0344915165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of feather-degrading bacilli in plumage of birds
    • Burtt, E. h., Jr., and J. M. Ichida. 1999. Occurrence of feather-degrading bacilli in plumage of birds. Auk 116: 364-372.
    • (1999) Auk , vol.116 , pp. 364-372
    • Burtt Jr, E.1    Ichida, J.M.2
  • 7
    • 67749104173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A future with feather-degrading bacteria
    • Burtt, E. h., Jr., and J. M. Ichida. 2009. A future with feather-degrading bacteria. Journal of Avian Biology 40: 349-351.
    • (2009) Journal of Avian Biology , vol.40 , pp. 349-351
    • Burtt Jr, E.1    Ichida, J.M.2
  • 9
    • 84944661914 scopus 로고
    • Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparamentric statistics
    • Conover, W. J., and R. L. Iman. 1981. Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparamentric statistics. American Statistician 35: 124-133.
    • (1981) American Statistician , vol.35 , pp. 124-133
    • Conover, W.J.1    Iman, R.L.2
  • 10
    • 18444396926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incubation reduces microbial growth on eggshells and the opportunity for trans-shell infection
    • Cook, M. I., S. R. Beissinger, G. A. Toranzos, and W. J. Arendt. 2005a. Incubation reduces microbial growth on eggshells and the opportunity for trans-shell infection. Ecology Letters 8: 532-537.
    • (2005) Ecology Letters , vol.8 , pp. 532-537
    • Cook, M.I.1    Beissinger, S.R.2    Toranzos, G.A.3    Arendt, W.J.4
  • 11
    • 12244276358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial infection affects egg viability and incubation behavior in a tropical passerine
    • Cook, M. I., S. R. Beissinger, G. A. Toranzos, and W. J. Arendt. 2005b. Microbial infection affects egg viability and incubation behavior in a tropical passerine. Behavioral Ecology 16: 30-36.
    • (2005) Behavioral Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 30-36
    • Cook, M.I.1    Beissinger, S.R.2    Toranzos, G.A.3    Arendt, W.J.4
  • 12
    • 0242637155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trans-shell infection by pathogenic micro-organisms reduces the shelf life of non-incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation
    • Cook, M. I., S. R. Beissinger, G. A. Toranzos, R. A. Rodriguez, and W. J. Arendt. 2003. Trans-shell infection by pathogenic micro-organisms reduces the shelf life of non-incubated bird's eggs: a constraint on the onset of incubation? Proceedings of the Royal Society B 270: 2233-2240.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.270 , pp. 2233-2240
    • Cook, M.I.1    Beissinger, S.R.2    Toranzos, G.A.3    Rodriguez, R.A.4    Arendt, W.J.5
  • 13
    • 77956821889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microorganisms associated with feathers of Barn Swallows in radioactively contaminated areas around Chernobyl
    • Czirják, G. A., A. P. Møller, T. A. Mousseau, and P. Heeb. 2010. Microorganisms associated with feathers of Barn Swallows in radioactively contaminated areas around Chernobyl. Microbial Ecology 60: 373-380.
    • (2010) Microbial Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 373-380
    • Czirják, G.A.1    Møller, A.P.2    Mousseau, T.A.3    Heeb, P.4
  • 14
    • 78650020049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence that keeping eggs dry is a mechanism for the antimicrobial effects of avian incubation
    • D'Alba, L., A. Oborn, and M. D. Shawkey. 2010. Experimental evidence that keeping eggs dry is a mechanism for the antimicrobial effects of avian incubation. Naturwissenschaften 97: 1089-1095.
    • (2010) Naturwissenschaften , vol.97 , pp. 1089-1095
    • D'Alba, L.1    Oborn, A.2    Shawkey, M.D.3
  • 15
    • 3042701055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for analysis of skewed data distributions in psychiatric clinical studies: working with many zero values
    • Delucchi, K. L., and A. Bostrom. 2004. Methods for analysis of skewed data distributions in psychiatric clinical studies: working with many zero values. American Journal of Psychiatry 161: 1159-1168.
    • (2004) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 1159-1168
    • Delucchi, K.L.1    Bostrom, A.2
  • 16
    • 4344689104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of culture and PCR for detection of Bordetella pertussis and Bordatella parapertussis under routine laboratory conditions
    • Dragsted, D. M., B. Dohn, J. Madsen, and J. S. Jensen. 2004. Comparison of culture and PCR for detection of Bordetella pertussis and Bordatella parapertussis under routine laboratory conditions. Journal of Medical Microbiology 53: 749-754.
    • (2004) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.53 , pp. 749-754
    • Dragsted, D.M.1    Dohn, B.2    Madsen, J.3    Jensen, J.S.4
  • 20
    • 0342369384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous detection and differentiation of Escherichia coli populations from environmental freshwaters by means of sequence variations in a fragment of the β-glucuronidase gene
    • Farnleitner, A. h., N. Kreuzinger, G. G. Kavka, S. Grillenberger, J. Rath, and R. L. Mach. 2000. Simultaneous detection and differentiation of Escherichia coli populations from environmental freshwaters by means of sequence variations in a fragment of the β-glucuronidase gene. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66: 1340-1346.
    • (2000) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.66 , pp. 1340-1346
    • Farnleitner, A.1    Kreuzinger, N.2    Kavka, G.G.3    Grillenberger, S.4    Rath, J.5    Mach, R.L.6
  • 21
    • 78650680168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viable real-time PCR in environmental samples: can all data be interpreted directly
    • Fittipaldi, M., F. Codony, B. Adrados, A. K. Camper, and J. Morato. 2011. Viable real-time PCR in environmental samples: can all data be interpreted directly? Microbial Ecology 61: 7-12.
    • (2011) Microbial Ecology , vol.61 , pp. 7-12
    • Fittipaldi, M.1    Codony, F.2    Adrados, B.3    Camper, A.K.4    Morato, J.5
  • 22
    • 77950522573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of censored exposure data by constrained maximization of the Shapiro-Wilcox W statistics
    • Flynn, M. R. 2010. Analysis of censored exposure data by constrained maximization of the Shapiro-Wilcox W statistics. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 54: 263-271.
    • (2010) Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.54 , pp. 263-271
    • Flynn, M.R.1
  • 24
    • 84862771127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-beach study of Saphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and enterococci in seawater and beach sand
    • Goodwin, K. D., M. McNay, Y. Cao, D. Ebentier, M. Madison, and J. F. Griffith. 2012. A multi-beach study of Saphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and enterococci in seawater and beach sand. Water Research 46: 4195-4207.
    • (2012) Water Research , vol.46 , pp. 4195-4207
    • Goodwin, K.D.1    McNay, M.2    Cao, Y.3    Ebentier, D.4    Madison, M.5    Griffith, J.F.6
  • 25
    • 67650079045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid and sensitive detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from nonenriched stool specimens by real-time PCR in comparison to enzyme immunoassay and culture
    • Grys, T. E., L. M. Sloan, J. E. Rosenblatt, and R. Patel. 2009. Rapid and sensitive detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from nonenriched stool specimens by real-time PCR in comparison to enzyme immunoassay and culture. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 47: 2008-2012.
    • (2009) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.47 , pp. 2008-2012
    • Grys, T.E.1    Sloan, L.M.2    Rosenblatt, J.E.3    Patel, R.4
  • 26
    • 67749094138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feather-degrading bacteria: a new frontier in avian and host-parasite research?
    • Gunderson, A. R. 2008. Feather-degrading bacteria: a new frontier in avian and host-parasite research? Auk 125: 972-979.
    • (2008) Auk , vol.125 , pp. 972-979
    • Gunderson, A.R.1
  • 28
    • 33845398934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative detection of E. coli, E. coli O157 and other Shiga toxin producing E. coli in water samples using a culture method combined with real-time PCR
    • Heijnen, L., and G. Medema. 2006. Quantitative detection of E. coli, E. coli O157 and other Shiga toxin producing E. coli in water samples using a culture method combined with real-time PCR. Journal of Water Health 4: 487-498.
    • (2006) Journal of Water Health , vol.4 , pp. 487-498
    • Heijnen, L.1    Medema, G.2
  • 30
    • 77950542694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Much ado about next to nothing: incorporating nondetects in science
    • Helsel, D. R. 2010. Much ado about next to nothing: incorporating nondetects in science. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 54: 257-262.
    • (2010) Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.54 , pp. 257-262
    • Helsel, D.R.1
  • 32
    • 0024258641 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of descriptive statistics for multiply censored water quality data
    • Helsel, D. R., and T. A. Cohn. 1988. Estimation of descriptive statistics for multiply censored water quality data. Water Resources Research 24: 1997-2004.
    • (1988) Water Resources Research , vol.24 , pp. 1997-2004
    • Helsel, D.R.1    Cohn, T.A.2
  • 34
    • 42049101514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of several methods for analyzing censored data
    • Hewett, P., and G. h. Ganser. 2007. A comparison of several methods for analyzing censored data. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 51: 611-632.
    • (2007) Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.51 , pp. 611-632
    • Hewett, P.1    Ganser, G.2
  • 36
    • 0037568294 scopus 로고
    • Coincidence of fungal species associated with birds
    • Hubálek, Z. 1978. Coincidence of fungal species associated with birds. Ecology 59: 438-442.
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 438-442
    • Hubálek, Z.1
  • 37
    • 0032967506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed effects models with censored data with application to HIV RNA levels
    • Hughes, J. P. 1999. Mixed effects models with censored data with application to HIV RNA levels. Biometrics 55: 625-629.
    • (1999) Biometrics , vol.55 , pp. 625-629
    • Hughes, J.P.1
  • 38
    • 0000106322 scopus 로고
    • Distribution analyses of naturally occurring epiphytic populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Phaseoli on dry beans
    • Ishimaru, C., K. M. Eskridge, and A. K. Vidaver. 1991. Distribution analyses of naturally occurring epiphytic populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Phaseoli on dry beans. Phytopathology 81: 262-268.
    • (1991) Phytopathology , vol.81 , pp. 262-268
    • Ishimaru, C.1    Eskridge, K.M.2    Vidaver, A.K.3
  • 39
    • 78751530723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of lognormally distributed exposure data with repeated measures and values below the limit of detection using SAS
    • Jin, Y., M. J. Hein, J. A. Deddens, and C. J. Hines. 2011. Analysis of lognormally distributed exposure data with repeated measures and values below the limit of detection using SAS. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 55: 97-112.
    • (2011) Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.55 , pp. 97-112
    • Jin, Y.1    Hein, M.J.2    Deddens, J.A.3    Hines, C.J.4
  • 40
    • 0036269496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of non-detects in water quality data on estimation of constituent mass loading
    • Kayhanian, M., A. Singh, and S. Meyer. 2002. Impact of non-detects in water quality data on estimation of constituent mass loading. Water Science and Technology 45: 219-225.
    • (2002) Water Science and Technology , vol.45 , pp. 219-225
    • Kayhanian, M.1    Singh, A.2    Meyer, S.3
  • 42
    • 0035988627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification using real-time PCR technology: applications and limitations
    • Klein, D. 2002. Quantification using real-time PCR technology: applications and limitations. Trends in Molecular Medicine 8: 257-260.
    • (2002) Trends in Molecular Medicine , vol.8 , pp. 257-260
    • Klein, D.1
  • 43
    • 84882956777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rfit: Rank-based estimation for linear models
    • Kloke, J. D., and J. W. McKean. 2012. Rfit: Rank-based estimation for linear models. The R Journal 4: 57-64.
    • (2012) The R Journal , vol.4 , pp. 57-64
    • Kloke, J.D.1    McKean, J.W.2
  • 44
    • 84858405768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enumeration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by quantitative real-time PCR, culture on solid media and optical densitometry
    • Kralik, P., V. Beran, and I. Pavlik. 2012. Enumeration of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by quantitative real-time PCR, culture on solid media and optical densitometry. BMC Research Notes 5:114.
    • (2012) BMC Research Notes , vol.5 , pp. 114
    • Kralik, P.1    Beran, V.2    Pavlik, I.3
  • 45
    • 79956224521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid identification and quantification of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni by real-time PCR in pure cultures and in complex samples
    • Leblanc-Maridor, M., F. Bedudeau, H. Seegers, M. Denis, and C. Belloc. 2011. Rapid identification and quantification of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni by real-time PCR in pure cultures and in complex samples. BMC Microbiology 11: 113.
    • (2011) BMC Microbiology , vol.11 , pp. 113
    • Leblanc-Maridor, M.1    Bedudeau, F.2    Seegers, H.3    Denis, M.4    Belloc, C.5
  • 46
    • 33746745365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absolute and relative qPCR quantification of plasmid copy number in Escherichia coli
    • Lee, C., J. Kim, S. G. Shin, and S. Hwang. 2006. Absolute and relative qPCR quantification of plasmid copy number in Escherichia coli. Journal of Biotechnology 123: 273-280.
    • (2006) Journal of Biotechnology , vol.123 , pp. 273-280
    • Lee, C.1    Kim, J.2    Shin, S.G.3    Hwang, S.4
  • 47
    • 70449350389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feather micro-organisms and uropygial antimicrobial defences in a colonial passerine bird
    • Møller, A. P., G. A. Czirják, and P. Heeb. 2009. Feather micro-organisms and uropygial antimicrobial defences in a colonial passerine bird. Functional Ecology 23: 1097-1102.
    • (2009) Functional Ecology , vol.23 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Møller, A.P.1    Czirják, G.A.2    Heeb, P.3
  • 49
    • 0035479246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and evolutionary analysis of mutations in the gusA gene that cause the absence of β-glucuronidase activity in Escherichia coli O157:H7
    • Monday, S. R., T. S. Whittam, and P. C. h. Feng. 2001. Genetic and evolutionary analysis of mutations in the gusA gene that cause the absence of β-glucuronidase activity in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Journal of Infectious Diseases 184: 918-921.
    • (2001) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.184 , pp. 918-921
    • Monday, S.R.1    Whittam, T.S.2    Feng, P.C.3
  • 50
    • 0000671965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The avian egg: geometrical description and calculation of parameters
    • Narushin, V. G. 1997. The avian egg: geometrical description and calculation of parameters. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 68: 201-205.
    • (1997) Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research , vol.68 , pp. 201-205
    • Narushin, V.G.1
  • 52
    • 77950295807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Number and colour composition of nest lining feathers predict eggshell bacterial community in Barn Swallow nests: an experimental study
    • Peralta-Sánchez, J. M., A. P. Møller, A. M. Martín-Platero, and J. J. Soler. 2009. Number and colour composition of nest lining feathers predict eggshell bacterial community in Barn Swallow nests: an experimental study. Functional Ecology 24: 426-433.
    • (2009) Functional Ecology , vol.24 , pp. 426-433
    • Peralta-Sánchez, J.M.1    Møller, A.P.2    Martín-Platero, A.M.3    Soler, J.J.4
  • 55
    • 84862786774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis of data from dilution assays with censored correlated counts
    • Quiroz, J., J. R. Wilson, and S. Roychoudhury. 2012. Statistical analysis of data from dilution assays with censored correlated counts. Pharmaceutical Statistics 11: 63-73.
    • (2012) Pharmaceutical Statistics , vol.11 , pp. 63-73
    • Quiroz, J.1    Wilson, J.R.2    Roychoudhury, S.3
  • 56
    • 79957744576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial loads on eggshell of the Pied Flycatcher: environmental and maternal factors
    • Ruiz-de-Castañeda, R., A. I. Vela, E. Lobato, V. Briones, and J. Moreno. 2011a. Bacterial loads on eggshell of the Pied Flycatcher: environmental and maternal factors. Condor 113: 200-208.
    • (2011) Condor , vol.113 , pp. 200-208
    • Ruiz-de-Castañeda, R.1    Vela, A.I.2    Lobato, E.3    Briones, V.4    Moreno, J.5
  • 58
    • 84858423615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early onset of incubation and eggshell bacterial loads in a temperate-zone cavity-nesting passerine
    • Ruiz-de-Castañeda, R., A. I. Vela, E. Lobato, V. Briones, and J. Moreno. 2012. Early onset of incubation and eggshell bacterial loads in a temperate-zone cavity-nesting passerine. Condor 114: 203-211.
    • (2012) Condor , vol.114 , pp. 203-211
    • Ruiz-de-Castañeda, R.1    Vela, A.I.2    Lobato, E.3    Briones, V.4    Moreno, J.5
  • 59
    • 84857541932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-annual and body topographic consistency in the plumage bacterial load of Great Tits
    • Saag, P., K. Priit, M. Marko, T. Vallo, and M. Raivo. 2012. Inter-annual and body topographic consistency in the plumage bacterial load of Great Tits. Journal of Field Ornithology 83: 94-100.
    • (2012) Journal of Field Ornithology , vol.83 , pp. 94-100
    • Saag, P.1    Priit, K.2    Marko, M.3    Vallo, T.4    Raivo, M.5
  • 60
    • 0000353729 scopus 로고
    • The ART test of interaction: a robust and powerful rank test of interaction in factorial models
    • Salter, K. C., and R. F. Fawcett. 1993. The ART test of interaction: a robust and powerful rank test of interaction in factorial models. Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 22: 137-153.
    • (1993) Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation , vol.22 , pp. 137-153
    • Salter, K.C.1    Fawcett, R.F.2
  • 61
    • 84882612389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of pure nucleotides on performance, humoral immunity, gut structure and numbers of intestinal bacteria of newly weaned pigs
    • Sauer, N., M. Eklund, E. Bauer, M. G. Gänzle, C. J. Field, R. T. Zijlstra, and R. Mosenthin. 2012. The effects of pure nucleotides on performance, humoral immunity, gut structure and numbers of intestinal bacteria of newly weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science 9: 3126-3134.
    • (2012) Journal of Animal Science , vol.9 , pp. 3126-3134
    • Sauer, N.1    Eklund, M.2    Bauer, E.3    Gänzle, M.G.4    Field, C.J.5    Zijlstra, R.T.6    Mosenthin, R.7
  • 64
    • 0027732520 scopus 로고
    • Detection of Escherichia coli by the nutrient agar plus 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucuronide (MUG) membrane filter method
    • Shadix, L. C., M. E. Dunnigan, and E. W. Rice. 1993. Detection of Escherichia coli by the nutrient agar plus 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucuronide (MUG) membrane filter method. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39: 1066-1070.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Microbiology , vol.39 , pp. 1066-1070
    • Shadix, L.C.1    Dunnigan, M.E.2    Rice, E.W.3
  • 65
    • 84887212589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian incubation inhibits growth and diversification of bacterial assemblages on eggs
    • Shawkey, M. D., M. K. Firestone, E. L. Brodie, and S. R. Beissinger. 2009. Avian incubation inhibits growth and diversification of bacterial assemblages on eggs. PLoS ONE 4: e4522.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Shawkey, M.D.1    Firestone, M.K.2    Brodie, E.L.3    Beissinger, S.R.4
  • 66
    • 26244438509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial diversity of wild bird feathers revealed through culture-based and culture-independent techniques
    • Shawkey, M. D., K. L. Mills, C. Dale, and G. E. Hill. 2005. Microbial diversity of wild bird feathers revealed through culture-based and culture-independent techniques. Microbial Ecology 50: 40-47.
    • (2005) Microbial Ecology , vol.50 , pp. 40-47
    • Shawkey, M.D.1    Mills, K.L.2    Dale, C.3    Hill, G.E.4
  • 68
    • 84864416294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectal screening for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases: comparison of real-time PCR and culture using two selective screening agar plates
    • Singh, K., K. A. Mangold, K. Wyant, D. M. Schora, B. Voss, M. K. Hayden, V. Chundi, and L. R. Peterson. 2012. Rectal screening for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases: comparison of real-time PCR and culture using two selective screening agar plates. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 50: 2596-2600.
    • (2012) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.50 , pp. 2596-2600
    • Singh, K.1    Mangold, K.A.2    Wyant, K.3    Schora, D.M.4    Voss, B.5    Hayden, M.K.6    Chundi, V.7    Peterson, L.R.8
  • 69
    • 45149121464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of real-time PCR for detection of the tcdC gene with four toxin immunoassays and culture in diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Sloan, L. M., B. J. Duresko, D. R. Gustafson, and J. E. Rosenblatt. 2008. Comparison of real-time PCR for detection of the tcdC gene with four toxin immunoassays and culture in diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 46: 1996-2001.
    • (2008) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.46 , pp. 1996-2001
    • Sloan, L.M.1    Duresko, B.J.2    Gustafson, D.R.3    Rosenblatt, J.E.4
  • 70
    • 57449118500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advantages and limitations of quantitative PCR (Q-PCR)-based approaches in microbial ecology
    • Smith, C. J., and A. M. Osborne. 2009. Advantages and limitations of quantitative PCR (Q-PCR)-based approaches in microbial ecology. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 67: 6-20.
    • (2009) FEMS Microbiology Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 6-20
    • Smith, C.J.1    Osborne, A.M.2
  • 73
    • 84865167092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of size of the uropygial gland: mutualistic feather mites and uropygial secretion reduce bacterial loads of eggshells and hatching failures of European birds
    • Soler, J. J., J. M. Peralta-Sánchez, A. M. Martín-Platero, M. Martín-Vivaldi, M. Martínez-Bueno, and A. P. Møller. 2012b. The evolution of size of the uropygial gland: mutualistic feather mites and uropygial secretion reduce bacterial loads of eggshells and hatching failures of European birds. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25: 1779-1791.
    • (2012) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.25 , pp. 1779-1791
    • Soler, J.J.1    Peralta-Sánchez, J.M.2    Martín-Platero, A.M.3    Martín-Vivaldi, M.4    Martínez-Bueno, M.5    Møller, A.P.6
  • 74
    • 79960080969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective quantification of viable Escherichia coli bacteria in biosolids by quantitative PCR with propidium monoazide modification
    • Taskin, B., A. G. Gozen, and M. Duran. 2011. Selective quantification of viable Escherichia coli bacteria in biosolids by quantitative PCR with propidium monoazide modification. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77: 4329-4335.
    • (2011) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.77 , pp. 4329-4335
    • Taskin, B.1    Gozen, A.G.2    Duran, M.3
  • 77
    • 85080779260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA. (12 July 2013).
    • USEPA. 2010. ProUCL Software. http://www.epa.gov/osp/hstl/tsc/software.htm#about (12 July 2013).
    • (2010) ProUCL Software
  • 79
    • 81855228915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of incubation delay on viability and microbial growth of Wood Duck (Aix sponsa) eggs
    • Walls, J. G., G. R. Hepp, and L. G. Eckhardt. 2011. Effects of incubation delay on viability and microbial growth of Wood Duck (Aix sponsa) eggs. Auk 128: 663-670.
    • (2011) Auk , vol.128 , pp. 663-670
    • Walls, J.G.1    Hepp, G.R.2    Eckhardt, L.G.3
  • 80
    • 79955921007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial and environmental effects on avian egg viability: do tropical mechanisms act in a temperate environment?
    • Wang, J. M., M. K. Firestone, and S. R. Beissinger. 2011. Microbial and environmental effects on avian egg viability: do tropical mechanisms act in a temperate environment? Ecology 92: 1137-1145.
    • (2011) Ecology , vol.92 , pp. 1137-1145
    • Wang, J.M.1    Firestone, M.K.2    Beissinger, S.R.3
  • 82
    • 0142071135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for the absolute quantification of cDNA using real time PCR
    • Whelan, J. A., N. B. Russel, and M. A. Whelan. 2003. A method for the absolute quantification of cDNA using real time PCR. Journal of Immunology Methods 278: 261-269.
    • (2003) Journal of Immunology Methods , vol.278 , pp. 261-269
    • Whelan, J.A.1    Russel, N.B.2    Whelan, M.A.3
  • 84
    • 79551502291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time PCR assay for Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens in a challenge model of necrotic enteritis
    • Wu, S. B., N. Rodgers, and M. Choct. 2011. Real-time PCR assay for Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens in a challenge model of necrotic enteritis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77: 1135-1139.
    • (2011) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.77 , pp. 1135-1139
    • Wu, S.B.1    Rodgers, N.2    Choct, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.