Phylogeny and Evolution of Ciliated Mechanoreceptor Cells

The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference

Volumn 3, Issue , 2008, Pages 1-34

  Manley, G A ^a   Ladher, R ^b  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b RIKEN   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882555560     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-012370880-9.00002-5     Document Type: Chapter

References (190)

1. Adam J., Myat A., LeRoux I., Eddison M., Henrique D., Lewis J. Cell fate choices and the expression of notch, delta and serrate homologs in the chick inner ear: parallel with Drosophila sense-organ development. Development 1998, 125:4645-4654.
2. Adoutte A., Balavoine G., Lartillot N., Lespinet O., Prud'homme B., de Rosa R. The new animal phylogeny: reliability and implications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2000, 97:4453-4456.
3. Baker C.V., Bronner-Fraser M. Vertebrate cranial placodes. I. Embryonic induction. Dev. Biol. 2001, 232:1-61.
4. Ben-Arie N., Hassan B.A., Bermingham N.A., Malicki D.M., Armstrong D., Matzuk M., Bellen H.J., Zoghbi H.Y. Functional conservation of atonal and Math1 in the CNS and PNS. Development 2000, 127:1039-1048.
5. Bennet-Clark H.C., Ewing A.W. The love song of the fruit fly. Sci. Am. 1970, 223:85-90.
6. Bermingham N.A., Hassan B.A., Price S.D., Vollrath M.A., Ben-Arie N., Eatock R.A., Bellen H.J., Lysakowski A., Zoghbi H.Y. Math1: an essential gene for the generation of inner ear hair cells. Science 1999, 284:1837-1841.
7. Bleckmann H. The Role of the Lateral Line in Fish Behaviour. The Behaviour of Teleost Fishes 1986, 178-202. Sydney. T.J. Pitcher (Ed.).
8. Boekhoff-Falk G. Hearing in Drosophila: development of Johnston's organ and emerging parallels to vertebrate ear development. Dev. Dyn. 2005, 232:550-558.
9. Bok J., Bronner-Fraser M., Wu D.K. Role of the hindbrain in dorsoventral but not anteroposterior axial specification of the inner ear. Development 2005, 132:2115-2124.
10. Bone Q., Ryan K.P. Cupular sense organs in Ciona (Tunicata: Ascidiacea). J. Zool. (Lond.) 1978, 186:417-429.
11. Brigandt I. Homology in comparative, molecular, and evolutionary developmental biology: the radiation of a concept. J. Exp. Zool. B. Mol. Dev. Evol. 2003, 299:9-17.
12. Brooker R., Hozumi K., Lewis J. Notch ligands with contrasting functions: Jagged1 and Delta1 in the mouse inner ear. Development 2006, 133:1277-1286.
13. Budelmann B.U. Hearing in Nonarthropod Invertebrates. The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing 1992, 141-155. Springer. R.R. Fay, A.N. Popper, D.B. Webster (Eds.).
14. Budelmann B.U., Williamson R. Directional sensitivity of hair cell afferents in the Octopus statocyst. J. Exp. Biol. 1994, 187:245-259.
15. Budelmann B.U., Barber V.C., West S. Scanning electron microscopical studies of the arrangements and numbers of hair cells in the statocysts of Octopus vulgaris, Sepia officinalis and Loligo vulgaris. Brain Res. 1973, 56:25-41.
16. Budelmann B.U., Sachie M., Staudigl M. The angular acceleration receptor system of the statocyst of Octopus vulgaris. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 1987, 315:305-343.
17. Budelmann B.U., Schipp R., von Boletzky S. Cephalopoda. Mollusca II 1997, 119-414. Wiley-Liss. F.W. Harrison, A.J. Kohn (Eds.).
18. Burighel P., Lane N.J., Fabio G., Stefano T., Zaniolo G., Carnevali M.D.C., Manni L. Novel, secondary sensory cell organ in ascidians: in search of the ancestor of the vertebrate lateral line. J. Comp. Neurol. 2003, 461:236-249.
19. Burton Q., Cole L.K., Mulheisen M., Chang W., Wu D.K. The role of Pax2 in mouse inner ear development. Dev. Biol. 2004, 272:161-175.
20. Carroll R.L. Vertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution 1987, Freeman.
21. Chalfie M., Thomson J.N. Structural and functional diversity in the neuronal microtubules of Caenorhabditis elegans. J. Cell Biol. 1982, 93:15-23.
22. Chalfie M., Sulston J.E., White J.G., Southgate E., Thomson J.N., Brenner S. The neural circuit for touch sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans. J. Neurosci. 1985, 5:956-964.
23. Chang W., Nunes F.D., De Jesus-Escobar J.M., Harland R., Wu D.K. Ectopic noggin blocks sensory and nonsensory organ morphogenesis in the chicken inner ear. Dev. Biol. 1999, 216:369-381.
24. Chen P., Johnson J.E., Zoghbi H.Y., Segil N. The role of Math1 in inner ear development: uncoupling the establishment of the sensory primordium from hair cell fate determination. Development 2002, 129:2495-2505.
25. Coffin A., Kelley M., Manley G.A., Popper A.N. Evolution of Sensory Hair Cells. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 55-94. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
26. Corey D.P., Garcia-Añoveros J., Holt J.R., Kwan K.Y., Lin S.-Y., Vollrath M.A., Amalfitano A., Cheung E.L.-M., Derfler B.H., Duggan A., Géléoc G.S.G., Gray P.A., Hoffman M.P., Rehm H.L., Tamasauskas D., Zhang D.-S. TRPA1 is a candidate for the mechanosensitive transduction channel of vertebrate hair cells. Nature 2004, 432:723-730.
27. Corfas G., Dudai Y. Adaptation and fatigue of a mechanosensory neuron in wild-type Drosophila and in memory mutants. J. Neurosci. 1990, 10:491-499.
28. Czerny T., Bouchard M., Kozmik Z., Busslinger M. The characterization of novel Pax genes of the sea urchin and Drosophila reveal an ancient evolutionary origin of the Pax2/5/8 subfamily. Mech. Dev. 1997, 67:179-192.
29. Daudet N., Lewis J. Two contrasting roles for Notch activity in chick inner ear development: specification of prosensory patches and lateral inhibition of hair-cell differentiation. Development 2005, 132:541-551.
30. Denison R.H. The origin of the lateral-line sensory system. Am. Zool. 1966, 6:369-370.
31. Devau G. Glycine-induced calcium concentration changes in vestibular type I sensory cells. Hear. Res. 2000, 140:126-136.
32. Doetzlhofer A., White P.M., Johnson J.E., Segil N., Groves A.K. In vitro growth and differentiation of mammalian sensory hair cell progenitors: a requirement for EGF and periotic mesenchyme. Dev. Biol. 2004, 272:432-447.
33. Eatock R.A., Weiss T.F., Otto K.L. Dependence of discharge rate on sound pressure level in cochlear nerve fibers of the alligator lizard: implications for cochlear mechanisms. J. Neurophysiol. 1991, 65:1580-1597.
34. Eberl D.F., Duyk G.M., Perrimon N. A genetic screen for mutations that disrupt an auditory response in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1997, 94:14837-14842.
35. Ekström von Lubitz D.K.J. Ultrastructure of the lateral-line sense organs of the ratfish, Chimaera monstrosa. Cell Tissue Res. 1981, 215:651-665.
36. Ernstrom G.G., Chalfie M. Genetics of sensory mechanotransduction. Annu. Rev. Genet. 2002, 36:411-453.
37. (1Neu) mutation is identical to a human PAX2 mutation in a family with renal coloboma syndrome and results in developmental defects of the brain, ear, eye, and kidney. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1996, 93:13870-13875.
38. Fay R.R., Edds-Walton P.L. Directional response properties of saccular afferents of the toadfish, Opsanus tau. Hear. Res. 1997, 111:1-21.
39. Fekete D.M., Wu D.K. Revisiting cell fate specification in the inner ear. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2002, 12:35-42.
40. Fettiplace R. Electrical tuning of hair cells in the inner ear. Trends Neurosci. 1987, 10:421-425.
41. Fischer F.P. General pattern and morphological specializations of the avian cochlea. Scanning Microsc. 1994, 8:351-364.
42. Flock A. Ultrastructure and Function in the Lateral Line Organs. Lateral Line Detectors 1967, 163-197. Indiana University Press. P. Cahn (Ed.).
43. Fritzsch B. The Water-to-Land Transition: Evolution of the Tetrapod Basilar Papilla, Middle Ear, and Auditory Nuclei. The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing 1992, 351-375. Springer. D.B. Webster, R.R. Fay, A.N. Popper (Eds.).
44. Fritzsch B., Beisel K.W., Jones K., Farinas I., Maklad A., Lee J., Reichardt L.F. Development and evolution of inner ear sensory epithelia and their innervation. J. Neurobiol. 2002, 53:143-156.
45. Fritzsch B., Pauley S., Beisel K.W. Cells, molecules and morphogenesis: the making of the vertebrate ear. Brain Res. 2006, Epub ahead of print, PMID: 16643865.
46. Géléoc G.S., Holt J.R. Auditory amplification: outer hair cells pres the issue. Trends Neurosci. 2003, 26:115-117.
47. Gerlach L.M., Hutson M.R., Germiller J.A., Nguyen-Luu D., Victor J.C., Barald K.F. Addition of the BMP4 antagonist, noggin, disrupts avian inner ear development. Development 2000, 127:45-54.
48. Gerlach-Bank L.M., Cleveland A.R., Barald K.F. DAN directs endolymphatic sac and duct outgrowth in the avian inner ear. Dev. Dyn. 2004, 229:219-230.
49. Gibbs M.A. Lateral line receptors: where do they come from developmentally and where is our research going?. Brain Behav. Evol. 2004, 64:163-181.
50. Gillespie P.G., Walker R.G. Molecular basis of mechanosensory transduction. Nature 2001, 413:194-202.
51. Gillespie P.G., Dumont R.A., Kachar B. Have we found the tip link, transduction channel, and gating spring of the hair cell?. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2005, 15:389-396.
52. Gleich O., Fischer F.P., Köppl C., Manley G.A. Hearing Organ Evolution and Specialization: Archosaurs. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 224-255. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
53. Gong Z., Son W., Chung Y.D., Kim J., Shin D.W., McClung C.A., Lee Y., Lee H.W., Chang D.J., Kaang B.K., Cho H., Oh U., Hirsh J., Kernan M.J., Kim C. Two interdependent TRPV channel subunits, inactive and Nanchung, mediate hearing in Drosophila. J. Neurosci. 2004, 24:9059-9066.
54. Göpfert M.C., Wasserthal L.T. Auditory sensory cells in hawkmoths: identification, physiology and structure. J. Exp. Biol. 1999, 202:1579-1587.
55. Görner P. Lateral Line System. Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, I 1987, 567-569. Birkhäuser. G. Adelman (Ed.).
56. Gröger H., Callaerts P., Gehring W.J., Schmid V. Characterization and expression analysis of an ancestor-type Pax gene in the hydrozoan jellyfish Podocoryne carnea. Mech. Dev. 2000, 94:157-169.
57. Groves A.K., Bronner-Fraser M. Competence, specification and commitment in otic placode induction. Development 2000, 127:3489-3499.
58. ++ in the receptor lymph of arthropod cuticular mechanoreceptors. J. Comp. Physiol. A. 1987, 161:329-333.
59. Hadrys T., DeSalle R., Sagasser S., Fischer N., Schierwater B. The Trichoplax PaxB gene: a putative Proto-PaxA/B/C gene predating the origin of nerve and sensory cells. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2005, 22:1569-1578.
60. Hallberg E., Hansson B.S. Arthropod sensilla: morphology and phylogenetic considerations. Microsc. Res. Tech. 1999, 47:428-439.
61. Hans S., Liu D., Westerfield M. Pax8 and Pax2a function synergistically in otic specification, downstream of the Foxi1 and Dlx3b transcription factors. Development 2004, 131:5091-5102.
62. Hassan B.A., Bellen H.J. Doing the MATH: is the mouse a good model for fly development?. Genes Dev. 2000, 14:1852-1865.
63. Hasson T., Heintzelman M.B., Santos-Sacchi J., Corey D.P., Mooseker M.S. Expression in cochlea and retina of myosin VIIa, the gene product defective in Usher syndrome type 1B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1995, 92:9815-9819.
64. Heller N., Brandli A.W. Xenopus Pax-2 displays multiple splice forms during embryogenesis and pronephric kidney development. Mech. Dev. 1997, 69:83-104.
65. Hennig W. Stammesgeschichte der Chordaten 1983, Verlag Paul Parey.
66. Hertzano R., Montcouquiol M., Rashi-Elkeles S., Elkon R., Yucel R., Frankel W.N., Rechavi G., Moroy T., Friedman T.B., Kelley M.W., Avraham K.B. Transcription profiling of inner ears from Pou4f3(ddl/ddl) identifies Gfi1 as a target of the Pou4f3 deafness gene. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2004, 13:2143-2153.
67. Hidalgo-Sanchez M., Alvarado-Mallart R., Alvarez I.S. Pax2, Otx2, Gbx2 and Fgf8 expression in early otic vesicle development. Mech. Dev. 2000, 95:225-229.
68. Hillis D.M. Homology in Molecular Biology. Homology: The Hierarchical Basis of Comparative Biology 1994, 339-368. Academic Press. B.K. Hall (Ed.).
69. Holland L.Z. Non-neural ectoderm is really neural: evolution of developmental patterning mechanisms in the non-neural ectoderm of chordates and the problem of sensory cell homologies. J. Exp. Zool. B. Mol. Dev. Evol. 2005, 304:304-323.
70. Holstein T., Hausmann K. The Cnidocil Apparatus of Hydrozoans: A Progenitor of Higher Metazoan Mechanoreceptors. The Biology of Nematocysts 1988, 53-73. Academic Press. D.A. Hessinger, H.M. Lenhoff (Eds.).
71. Horridge G.A. Statocysts of medusae and evolution of stereocilia. Tissue Cell 1969, 1:341-353.
72. Hudspeth A.J. The cellular basis of hearing: the biophysics of hair cells. Science 1985, 230:745-752.
73. Hudspeth A.J. How the ear's works work. Nature 1989, 341:397-404.
74. Hudspeth A.J., Corey D.P. Sensitivity, polarity, and conductance change in the response of vertebrate hair cells to controlled mechanical stimuli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1977, 74:2407-2411.
75. Hutson M.R., Lewis J.E., Nguyen-Luu D., Lindberg K.H., Barald K.F. Expression of Pax2 and patterning of the chick inner ear. J. Neurocytol. 1999, 28:795-807.
76. Jafar-Nejad H., Bellen H.J. Gfi/Pag-3/senseless zinc finger proteins: a unifying theme?. Mol. Cell Biol. 2004, 24:8803-8812.
77. Jørgensen J. Evolution of Octavolateralis Sensory Cells. The Mechanosensory Lateral Line: Neurobiology and Evolution 1989, 115-145. Springer. S. Coombs, P. Görner, H. Münz (Eds.).
78. Kaplan J.M., Horvitz H.R. A dual mechanosensory and chemosensory neuron in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1993, 90:2227-2231.
79. Kavaler J., Fu W., Duan H., Noll M., Posakony J.W. An essential role for the Drosophila Pax2 homolog in the differentiation of adult sensory organs. Development 1999, 126:2261-2272.
80. Kawamoto K., Ishimoto S., Minoda R., Brough D.E., Raphael Y. Math1 gene transfer generates new cochlear hair cells in mature guinea pigs in vivo. J. Neurosci. 2003, 23:4395-4400.
81. Keil T.A. Functional morphology of insect mechanoreceptors. Microsc. Res. Tech. 1997, 39:506-531.
82. Kernan M., Cowan D., Zuker C. Genetic dissection of mechanosensory transduction: mechanoreception-defective mutations of Drosophila. Neuron 1994, 12:1195-1206.
83. Kiernan A.E., Pelling A.L., Leung K.K., Tang A.S., Bell D.M., Tease C., Lovell-Badge R., Steel K.P., Cheah K.S. Sox2 is required for sensory organ development in the mammalian inner ear. Nature 2005, 434:1031-1035.
84. Kil S.H., Streit A., Brown S.T., Agrawal N., Collazo A., Zile M.H., Groves A.K. Distinct roles for hindbrain and paraxial mesoderm in the induction and patterning of the inner ear revealed by a study of vitamin-A-deficient quail. Dev. Biol. 2005, 285:252-271.
85. Kim J., Chung Y.D., Park D.Y., Choi S., Shin D.W., Soh H., Lee H.W., Son W., Yim J., Park C.S., Kernan M.J., Kim C. A TRPV family ion channel required for hearing in Drosophila. Nature 2003, 424:81-84.
86. Köppl C., Manley G.A. Peripheral auditory processing in the bobtail lizard Tiliqua rugosa. III. Patterns of spontaneous and tone-evoked nerve-fibre activity. J. Comp. Physiol. A. 1990, 167:113-127.
87. Köppl C., Manley G.A., Konishi M. Auditory processing in birds. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2000, 10:474-481.
88. Kozmik Z., Daube M., Frei E., Norman B., Kos L., Dishaw L.J., Noll M., Piatigorsky J. Role of Pax genes in eye evolution: a cnidarian PaxB gene uniting Pax2 and Pax6 functions. Dev. Cell 2003, 5:773-785.
89. Kozmik Z., Holland N.D., Kalousova A., Paces J., Schubert M., Holland L.Z. Charcterization of an amphioxus paired box gene, Amphi Pax 2/5/8: developmental expression patterns in optic support cells, nephridium, thyroid-like structures and pharyngeal gill slits, but not in the midbrain-hindbrain boundary region. Development 1999, 126:1295-1304.
90. Krauss S., Johansen T., Korzh V., Fjose A. Expression pattern of zebrafish pax genes suggests a role in early brain regionalization. Nature 1991, 353:267-270.
91. Kwan K.Y., Allchorne A.J., Vollrath M.A., Christensen A.P., Zhang D.S., Woolf C.J., Corey D.P. TRPA1 contributes to cold, mechanical, and chemical nociception but is not essential for hair-cell transduction. Neuron. 2006, 50:277-289.
92. Lacalli T.C. Sensory systems in amphioxus: a window on the ancestral chordate condition. Brain Behav. Evol. 2004, 64:148-162.
93. Ladher R.K., Anakwe K.U., Gurney A.L., Schoenwolf G.C., Francis-West P.H. Identification of synergistic signals initiating inner ear development. Science 2000, 290:1965-1967.
94. Ladich F., Popper A.N. Parallel Evolution in Fish Hearing Organs. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 95-127. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
95. Lawrence P.A. Development and determination of hairs and bristles in the milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Lygaeidae, Hemiptera). J. Cell Sci. 1966, 1:475-498.
96. Lewis E.R., Leverenz E.L., Bialek W.S. The Vertebrate Inner Ear 1985, CRC Press.
97. Li H., Corrales C.E., Wang Z., Zhao Y., Wang Y., Liu H., Heller S. BMP4 signaling is involved in the generation of inner ear sensory epithelia. BMC Dev. Biol. 2005, 5:16.
98. Lu Z., Popper A.N. Neural response directionality correlates of hair cell orientation in a teleost fish. J. Comp. Physiol. A. 2001, 187:453-465.
99. Manley G.A. Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds 1990, Springer.
100. Manley G.A. The Avian Hearing Organ: A Status Report. Advances in Hearing Research 1995, 219-229. World Scientific Publishers. G.A. Manley, G.M. Klump, C. Köppl, H. Fastl, H. Oeckinghaus (Eds.).
101. Manley G.A. The Hearing Organs of Lizards. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research 2000, 139-196. R. Dooling, A.N. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
102. Manley G.A. Evidence for an active process and a cochlear amplifier in non-mammals. J. Neurophysiol. 2001, 86:541-549.
103. Manley G.A. Evolution of structure and function of the hearing organ of lizards. J. Neurobiol. 2002, 53:202-211.
104. Manley G.A. The Lizard Basilar Papilla and Its Evolution. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 200-223. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
105. Manley G.A., Köppl C., Sneary M. Reversed tonotopic map of the basilar papilla in Gekko gecko. Hear. Res. 1999, 131:107-116.
106. Manley G.A., Köppl C., Yates G.K. Micromechanical Basis of High-Frequency Tuning in the Bobtail Lizard. Mechanics of Hearing 1989, 143-150. Plenum. J.P. Wilson, D. Kemp (Eds.).
107. Manley G.A., Yates G.K., Köppl C., Johnstone B.M. Peripheral auditory processing in the bobtail lizard Tiliqua rugosa. IV. Phase locking of auditory-nerve fibres. J. Comp. Physiol. A. 1990, 167:129-138.
108. Manni L., Caicci F., Gasparini F., Zaniolo G., Burighel P. Hair cells in ascidians and the evolution of lateral line placodes. Evol. Dev. 2004, 6:379-381.
109. Masetto S., Carreia M.J. Ionic currents in regenerating avian vestibular hair cells. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 1997, 15:387-399.
110. McCauley D.W., Bronner-Fraser M. Conservation of Pax gene expression in ectodermal placodes of the lamprey. Gene 2002, 287:129-139.
111. McKee A.E., Wiederhold M.L. Aplysia statocyst receptor cells: fine structure. Brain Res. 1974, 81:310-313.
112. Meenderink S.W., Narins P.M., van Dijk P. Detailed f(1) f(2) area study of distortion product otoacoustic emissions in the frog. J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 2005, 6:3713-3726.
113. Miller M.R. Scanning electron microscope studies of the papilla basilaris of some turtles and snakes. Am. J. Anat. 1978, 151:409-435.
114. Miller M.R. The Evolutionary Implications of the Structural Variations in the Auditory Papilla of Lizards. The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing 1992, 463-487. Springer. R.R. Fay, A.N. Popper, D.B. Webster (Eds.).
115. Miller D.J., Hayward D.C., Reece-Hoyes J.S., Scholten I., Catmull J., Gehring W.J., Callaerts P., Larsen J.E., Ball E.E. Pax gene diversity in the basal cnidarian Acropora millepora (Cnidaria, Anthozoa): implications for the evolution of the Pax gene family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2000, 97:4475-4480.
116. Mire P., Watson G.M. Mechanotransduction of hair bundles arising from multicellular complexes in anemones. Hear. Res. 1997, 113:224-234.
117. Moir A.J. Ultrastructural studies on the ciliated receptors of the long tentacles of the giant scallop, Placopecten magellanicus (gmelin). Cell. Tissue. Res. 1977, 184:367-380.
118. Montcouquiol M., Kelley M.W. Planar and vertical signals control cellular differentiation and patterning in the mammalian cochlea. J. Neurosci. 2004, 23:9469-9478.
119. Montell C. The TRP superfamily of cation channels. Science STKE 2005, re3 2005.
120. Morsli H., Choo D., Ryan A., Johnson R., Wu D.K. Development of the mouse inner ear and origin of its sensory organs. J. Neurosci. 1998, 18:3327-3335.
121. Mowbray C., Hammerschmidt M., Whitfield T.T. Expression of BMP signalling pathway members in the developing zebrafish inner ear and lateral line. Mech. Dev. 2001, 108:179-184.
122. Neumeister H., Budelmann B.U. Structure and function of the Nautilus statocyst. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 1997, 352:1565-1588.
123. Niwa N., Hiromi Y., Okabe M. A conserved developmental program for sensory organ formation in Drosophila melanogaster. Nat. Genet. 2004, 36:293-297.
124. O'Brien E.K., Degnan B.M. Expression of Pax258 in the gastropod statocyst: insights into the antiquity of metazoan geosensory organs. Evol. Dev. 2003, 5:572-578.
125. Oh S.H., Johnson R., Wu D.K. Differential expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in the developing vestibular and auditory sensory organs. J. Neurosci. 1996, 16:6463-6475.
126. Okabe M., Okano H. Two-step induction of chordotonal organ precursors in Drosophila embryogenesis. Development 1997, 124:1045-1053.
127. Patterson C. Homology in classical and molecular biology. Mol. Ecol. Evol. 1988, 5:603-625.
128. Perkins L.A., Hedgecock E.M., Thomson J.N., Culotti J.G. Mutant sensory cilia in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev. Biol. 1986, 117:456-487.
129. Peteya D.J. The ciliary-cone sensory cell of anemones and cerianthids. Tissue Cell 1975, 7:243-252.
130. Pichon F., Ghysen A. Evolution of posterior latera line development in fish and amphibians. Evol. Dev. 2004, 6:187-193.
131. Pickles J.O., Comis S.D., Osborne M.P. Cross-links between stereocilia in the guinea pig organ of Corti and their possible relation to sensory transduction. Hear. Res. 1984, 15:103-112.
132. Popper A.N., Fay R.R. The Auditory Periphery in Fishes. Comparative Hearing: Fish and Amphibians 1999, 43-100. Springer. R.R. Fay, A.N. Popper (Eds.).
133. Quan X.J., Denayer T., Yan J., Jafar-Nejad H., Philippi A., Lichtarge O., Vleminckx K., Hassan B.A. Evolution of neural precursor selection: functional divergence of proneural proteins. Development 2004, 131:1679-1689.
134. Remane A. Die Grundlagen des natürlichen Systems, der vergleichenden Anatomie und der Phylogenetik. I. Theoretische Morphologie und Systematik. Geest und Portig 1952.
135. Riccomagno M.M., Martinu L., Mulheisen M., Wu D.K., Epstein D.J. Specification of the mammalian cochlea is dependent on Sonic hedgehog. Genes Dev. 2002, 16:2365-2378.
136. Riccomagno M.M., Takada S., Epstein D.J. Wnt-dependent regulation of inner ear morphogenesis is balanced by the opposing and supporting roles of Shh. Genes Dev. 2005, 19:1612-1623.
137. Riley B.B., Chiang M., Farmer L., Heck R. The deltaA gene of zebrafish mediates lateral inhibition of hair cells in the inner ear and is regulated by pax2.1. Development 1999, 126:5669-5678.
138. Rinkwitz-Brandt S., Arnold H.H., Bober E. Regionalized expression of Nkx5-1, Nkx5-2, Pax2 and sek genes during mouse inner ear development. Hear. Res. 1996, 99:129-138.
139. + channel isoforms along the tonotopic gradient of the chicken's cochlea. Neuron 1997, 19:1061-1075.
140. Ruppert E.E., Fox R.S., Barnes R.D. Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach 2004, Belmont.
141. Russell I.J. Amphibian Lateral Line Receptors. Frog Neurobiology 1976, 513-550. Springer. R. Llinas, W. Precht (Eds.).
142. Sand O. Lateral Line Systems. Comparative Physiology of Sensory Systems 1984, 3-32. Cambridge University Press. L. Bolish, R. Keynes, S.H.P. Madrell (Eds.).
143. Sanyal S., Wintle R.F., Kindt K.S., Nuttley W.M., Arvan R., Fitzmaurice P., Bigras E., Merz D.C., Hebert T.E., van der Kooy D., Schafer W.R., Culotti J.G., Van Tol H.H. Dopamine modulates the plasticity of mechanosensory responses in Caenorhabditis elegans. EMBO J. 2004, 23:473-482.
144. Sawin E.R., Ranganathan R., Horvitz H.R. C. elegans locomotory rate is modulated by the environment through a dopaminergic pathway and by experience through a serotonergic pathway. Neuron 2000, 26:619-631.
145. Schlosser G. Evolutionary origins of vertebrate placodes: insights from developmental studies and from comparisons with other deuterostomes. J. Exp. Zool. B. Mol. Dev. Evol. 2005, 304:347-399.
146. Schlosser G. 2006. Induction and specification of cranial placodes. Dev. Biol. (in press).
147. Schweisguth F. Suppressor of hairless is required for signal reception during lateral inhibition in the Drosophila pupal notum. Development 1995, 121:1875-1884.
148. Shimeld S.M., Holland P.W.H. Vertebrate innovations. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 2000, 97:4449-4452.
149. Shin J.B., Adams D., Paukert M., Siba M., Sidi S., Levin M., Gillespie P.G., Grunder S. Xenopus TRPN1 (NOMPC) localizes to microtubule-based cilia in epithelial cells, including inner-ear hair cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2005, 102:12572-12577.
150. Shroyer N.F., Wallis D., Venken K.J., Bellen H.J., Zoghbi H.Y. Gfi1 functions downstream of Math1 to control intestinal secretory cell subtype allocation and differentiation. Genes Dev. 2005, 19:2412-2417.
151. Sidi S., Friedrich R.W., Nicolson T. NompC TRP channel required for vertebrate sensory hair cell mechanotransduction. Science 2003, 301:96-99.
152. Singla C.L. Statocysts of hydromedusae. Cell Tissue Res. 1975, 158:391-407.
153. Singla C.L. Fine structure of the sensory receptors of Aglantha digitale (Hydromedusae: Trachylina). Cell Tissue Res. 1983, 231:415-425.
154. Smith H.M. Evolution of Chordate Structure 1960, Reinhart and Winston.
155. Smotherman M., Narins P. Evolution of the Amphibian Ear. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 164-199. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
156. Song J., Yan H.Y., Popper A.N. Damage and recovery of hair cells in fish canal (but not superficial) neuromasts after gentamicin exposure. Hear. Res. 1995, 91:63-71.
157. Spoendlin H. The Afferent Innervation of the Cochlea. Evoked Electrical Activity in the Auditory Nervous System 1978, 3-19. Academic Press. R.F. Naunton, C. Fernandez (Eds.).
158. Stephens P.R., Young J.Z. The statocyst of the squid, Loligo. J. Zool. 1982, 197:241-266.
159. Stidwill R.P., Honegger T.G., Tardent P. Polymerized Actin in the Apical Region of Hydra Nematocytes. The Biology of Nematocysts 1988, 567-574. Academic Press. D.A. Hessinger, H.M. Lenhoff (Eds.).
160. Stumpner A., von Helversen D. Evolution and function of auditory systems in insects. Naturwissenschaften 2001, 88:159-170.
161. Sun H., Rodin A., Zhou Y., Dickinson D.P., Harper D.E., Hewett-Emmett D., Li W.-H. Evolution of paired domains: isolation and sequencing of jellyfish and hydra Pax genes related to Pax-5 and Pax-6. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1997, 94:5156-5161.
162. Thurm U. Mechanosensorik. Neurowissenschaften 2001, 333-353. Springer. J. Dudel, R. Menzel, R.F. Schmidt (Eds.).
163. Thurm U., Küppers J. Epithelial Physiology of Insect Sensilla. Insect Biology in the Future 1980, 735-758. Academic Press. M. Locke, D.S. Smith (Eds.).
164. Todi S.V., Franke J.D., Kiehart D.P., Eberl D.F. Myosin VIIA defects, which underlie the Usher 1B syndrome in humans, lead to deafness in Drosophila. Curr. Biol. 2005, 15:862-868.
165. Todi S.V., Sharma Y., Eberl D.F. Anatomical and molecular design of the Drosophila antenna as a flagellar auditory organ. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2004, 63:388-399.
166. Torres M., Gomez-Pardo E., Gruss P. Pax2 contributes to inner ear patterning and optic nerve trajectory. Development 1996, 122:3381-3391.
167. van Staaden M.J., Römer H. Evolutionary transition from stretch to hearing organs in ancient grasshoppers. Nature 1998, 394:773-776.
168. Vater M., Meng J., Fox R.C. Hearing Organ Evolution and Specialization: Early and Later Mammals. Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System 2004, 256-288. Springer. G.A. Manley, A. Popper, R.R. Fay (Eds.).
169. Vinnikov Y.A. Evolution of receptor cells. Cytological, membranous and molecular levels. Mol. Biol. Biochem. Biophys. 1982, 34:1-141.
170. von Schilcher F. The role of auditory stimuli in the courtship of Drosophila melanogaster. Anim. Behav. 1976, 24:18-26.
171. Wake D.B. Comparative terminology. Science 1994, 265:268-269.
172. Walker R.G., Willingham A.T., Zuker C.S. A Drosophila mechanosensory transduction channel. Science 2000, 287:2229-2234.
173. Wallis D., Hamblen M., Zhou Y., Venken K.J., Schumacher A., Grimes H.L., Zoghbi H.Y., Orkin S.H., Bellen H.J. The zinc finger transcription factor Gfi1, implicated in lymphomagenesis, is required for inner ear hair cell differentiation and survival. Development 2003, 130:221-232.
174. Wang V.Y., Hassan B.A., Bellen H.J., Zoghbi H.Y. Drosophila atonal fully rescues the phenotype of Math1 null mice: new functions evolve in new cellular contexts. Curr. Biol. 2002, 12:1611-1616.
175. Watson G.M., Mire P. A comparison of hair bundle mechanoreceptors in sea anemones and vertebrate systems. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 1999, 43:51-84.
176. Watson G.M., Mire P., Hudson R.R. Hair bundles of sea anemones as a model system for vertebrate hair bundles. Hear. Res. 1997, 107:53-66.
177. Weber T., Gopfert M.C., Winter H., Zimmermann U., Kohler H., Meier A., Hendrich O., Rohbock K., Robert D., Knipper M. Expression of prestin-homologous solute carrier (SLC26) in auditory organs of nonmammalian vertebrates and insects. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2003, 100:7690-7695.
178. Weil D., Blanchard S., Kaplan J., Guilford P., Gibson F., Walsh J., Mburu P., Varela A., Levilliers J., Weston M.D. Defective myosin VIIA gene responsible for Usher syndrome type 1B. Nature 1995, 374:60-61.
179. West-Eberhard M.J. Developmental Plasticity and Evolution 2003, Oxford University Press.
180. Wever E.G. The Reptile Ear 1978, Princeton Univ Press.
181. Whitfield T.T., Riley B.B., Chiang M.Y., Phillips B. Development of the zebrafish inner ear. Dev. Dyn. 2002, 223:427-458.
182. Wood R.L., Novak P.L. The anchoring of nematocysts and nematocytes in the tentacles of Hydra. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 1982, 81:104-116.
183. Woods C., Montcouquiol M., Kelley M.W. Math1 regulates development of the sensory epithelium in the mammalian cochlea. Nat. Neurosci. 2004, 7:1310-1318.
184. Wu D.K., Oh S.H. Sensory organ generation in the chick inner ear. J. Neurosci. 1996, 16:6454-6462.
185. Wu D.K., Nunes F.D., Choo D. Axial specification for sensory organs versus non-sensory structures of the chicken inner ear. Development 1998, 125:11-20.
186. Yack J.E. The structure and function of auditory chordotonal organs in insects. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2004, 63:315-337.
187. Young J.Z. The Life of Vertebrates 1981, Oxford.
188. Zheng J., Shen W., He D.Z., Long K.B., Madison L.D., Dallos P. Prestin is the motor protein of cochlear outer hair cells. Nature 2000, 405:149-155.
189. Zine A., Aubert A., Qiu J., Therianos S., Guillemot F., Kageyama R., de Ribaupierre F. Hes1 and Hes5 activities are required for the normal development of the hair cells in the mammalian inner ear. J. Neurosci. 2001, 21:4712-4720.
190. - Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt. http://www.wzw.tu-muenchen.de.