Reexperiencing symptoms, dissociation, and avoidance behaviors in daily life of patients With PTSD and patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 443-450

  Pfaltz, Monique C ^a   Michael, Tanja ^b   Meyer, Andrea H ^c   Wilhelm, Frank H ^d  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b SAARLAND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BASEL   (Switzerland)

^d Department of Psychology   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGORAPHOBIA; ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIOR; CASE CONTROL STUDY; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PANIC; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RECALL; YOUNG ADULT; COMPLICATION; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS; PSYCHOLOGY;

ADULT; AGORAPHOBIA; AVOIDANCE LEARNING; BEHAVIOR; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MENTAL RECALL; MIDDLE AGED; PANIC DISORDER; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84881544869     PISSN: 08949867     EISSN: 15736598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jts.21822     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Agresti, A. (2002). Categorical data analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
3. Ball, S., Robinson, A., Shekhar, A., & Walsh, K. (1997). Dissociative symptoms in panic disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 185, 755-760. doi:10.1097/00005053-199712000-00006
4. Berntsen, D. (2001). Involuntary memories of emotional events: Do memories of traumas and extremely happy events differ? Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15, 135-158. doi:10.1002/acp.838
5. Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2008). The reappearance hypothesis revisited: Recurrent involuntary memories after traumatic events and in everyday life. Memory and Cognition, 36, 449-460. doi:10.3758/MC.36.2.449
6. Birrer, E., Michael, T., & Munsch, S. (2007). Intrusive images in PTSD and in traumatised and non-traumatised depressed patients: A cross-sectional clinical study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 2053-2065. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.03.005
7. Breslau, N. (2001). The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: What is the extent of the problem? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62, 16-22.
8. Brewin, C. R. (2011). The nature and significance of memory disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Reviews in Clinical Psychology, 7, 203-227. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104544
9. Briere, J., Scott, C., & Weathers, F. (2005). Peritraumatic and persistent dissociation in the presumed etiology of PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 2295-2301. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2295
10. Brown, T. A., Campbell, L. A., Lehman, C. L., Grisham, J. R., & Mancill, R. B. (2001). Current and lifetime comorbidity of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders in a large clinical sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 585-599. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.110.4.585
11. Brown, T. A., & McNiff, J. (2009). Specificity of autonomic arousal to DSM-IV panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 487-493. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.016
12. Chambless, D. L., & Goldstein, A. J. (1981). Clinical treatment of agoraphobia. In M. Mavissakalian & D. H. Barlow (Eds.), Phobia: Psychological and pharmacological treatment (pp. 103-144). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
13. DeBeurs, E., Lange, A., & Van Dyck, R. (1992) Self-monitoring of panic attacks and retrospective estimates of panic: Discordant findings. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 411-413. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90054-K
14. DiNardo, P. A., Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1994). Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Lifetime Version (ADIS-IV-L). Albany, NY: Graywind.
15. Dollinger, S. J., & Malmquist, D. (2009). Reliability and validity of single-item self-reports: With special relevance to college students' alcohol use, religiosity, study, and social life. Journal of General Psychology, 136, 231-241. doi:10.3200/GENP.136.3.231-242
16. Ehlers, A., & Clark, D.M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 319-345. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00123-0
17. Ehlers, A., Clark, D. M., Hackmann, A., McManus, F., & Fennell, M. (2005). Cognitive therapy for PTSD: Development and evaluation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 413-431. doi:10.1017/S1352465810000214
18. Ehlers, A., Hackmann, A., & Michael, T. (2004). Intrusive re-experiencing in post-traumatic stress disorder: Phenomenology, theory, and therapy. Memory, 12, 403-415. doi:10.1080/09658210444000025
19. Ehlers, A., Steil, R., Winter, H., & Foa, E. B. (1996). German translation of the posttraumatic diagnostic scale by Foa. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychiatry, Warnford Hospital, Oxford, England.
20. Falsetti, S. A., & Resnick, H. S. (1997). Frequency and severity of panic attack symptoms in a treatment seeking sample of trauma victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10, 683-689. doi:10.1002/jts.2490100414
21. Falsetti, S. A., Resnick, H. S., Dansky, B. S., Lydiard, R. B., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (1995). The relationship of stress to panic disorder: Cause or effect. In C. M. Mazure (Ed.), Does stress cause psychiatric illness? (pp. 111-147). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
22. Hackmann, A., Clark, D. M., & McManus, F. (2000). Recurrent images and early memories in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 601-10. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00161-8
23. Hackmann, A., Ehlers, A., Speckens, A., & Clark, D. M. (2004). Characteristics and content of intrusive memories in PTSD and their changes with treatment. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 17, 231-240. doi:10.1023/B:JOTS.0000029266.88369.fd
24. Hagenaars, M. A., vanMinnen, A., & Hoogduin, K. A. (2009). Reliving and disorganization in posttraumatic stress disorder and panic disorder memories. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197, 627-630. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181b08bdf
25. Hagenaars, M. A., vanMinnen, A., Hoogduin, K. A., & Verbraak, M. (2009). A transdiagnostic comparison of trauma and panic memories in PTSD, panic disorder, and healthy controls. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40, 412-422. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.04.001
26. Hufford, M. R., Shiffman, S., Paty, J., & Stone, A. A. (2001). Ecological momentary assessment: Real-world, real-time measurement of patient experience. In J. F. M. Myrtek (Ed.), Progress in ambulatory assessment: Computer-assisted psychological and psychophysiological methods in monitoring and field studies (pp. 69-92). Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber.
27. Keane, T. M., & Barlow, D. H. (2002). Posttraumatic stress disorder. In D. H. Barlow (Ed.), Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic (2nd ed., pp. 418-453). New York, NY: Guilford Press. doi:10.1097/00005053-199011000-00018
28. Kent, J. M., Sullivan, G. M., & Rauch, S. L. (2000). The neurobiology of fear: Relevance to panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatric Annals, 30, 733-742.
29. Maercker, A., Michael, T., Fehm, L., Becker, E., & Margraf, J. (2004). Age of traumatisation as a predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder or major depression in young women. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184, 482-487. doi:10.1192/bjp.184.6.482
30. Margraf, J., Taylor, B., Ehlers, A., Roth, W. T., & Agras, W. S. (1987). Panic attacks in the natural environment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 558-565.
31. McNally, R. J., & Lukach, B. M. (1992). Are panic attacks traumatic stressors? American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 824-826.
32. Mehl, M. R., & Conner, T. S. (2012). Data-analytic methods. In: Handbook of research methods for studying daily life. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
33. Michael, T., & Ehlers, A. (2007). Enhanced perceptual priming for neutral stimuli occurring in a traumatic context: Two experimental investigations. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 341-358. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.012
34. Michelson, L., June, K., Vives, A., Testa, S., & Marchione, N. (1998). The role of trauma and dissociation in cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy outcome and maintenance for panic disorder with agoraphobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 1011-1050. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00073-4
35. Nixon, R. D. V., & Bryant, R. A. (2003). Peritraumatic and persistent panic attacks in acute stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 1237-1242. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00150-5
36. Pfaltz, M. C., Michael, T., Grossman, P., Blechert, J., & Wilhelm, F. H. (2009). Respiratory pathophysiology of panic disorder: An ambulatory monitoring study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71, 869-876. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181b492ff
37. Pfaltz, M. C., Grossman, P., Michael, T., Margraf, J., & Wilhelm, F. H. (2010). Physical activity and respiratory behavior in daily life of patients with panic disorder and healthy controls. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 78, 42-29. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.05.001
38. Pfaltz, M. C., Michael, T., Grossman, P., Margraf, J., & Wilhelm, F. H. (2010). Instability of physical anxiety symptoms in daily life of patients with panic disorder and patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 792-798. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.001
39. Reiss, S. (1991). Expectancy model of fear, anxiety, and panic. Clinical Psychology Review, 1, 141-153. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(91)90092-9
40. Rosenman, S. (2002). Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in Australia: Findings in the population sample of the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36, 515-520. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01039.x
41. Rubin D. C., Boals, A., & Berntsen, D. (2008). Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and nontraumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 137, 591-614. doi:10.1037/a0013165
42. Rubin, D. C., Dennis, M. F., & Beckham, J. C. (2011). Autobiographical memory for stressful events: The role of autobiographical memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Consciousness and Cognition, 20, 840-856. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2011.03.015
43. Schneider, S., & Margraf, J. (2006). Diagnostic Interview for Mental Disorders. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
44. Shear, M. K., Rucci, P., Williams, J., Frank, E., Grochocinsiski, V., Vander Bilt, J., ...Wang, T. (2001). Reliability and validity of the panic disorder severity scale: Replication and extension. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 35, 293-296. doi:10.1016/S0022-3956(01)00028-0
45. Sheehan, D. V., Harnett-Sheehan, K., & Raj, B. A. (1996). The measurement of disability. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 11, 89-95. doi:10.1097/00004850-199606003-00015
46. Shiffman, S., Hufford, M., & Paty, J. (2001). Subject experience diaries in clinical research. Part 1. The patient experience movement. Applied Clinical Trials, 10, 46-56.
47. Solomon, E. P., & Heide, K. M. (2005). The biology of trauma. Implications for treatment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20, 51-60. doi:10.1177/0886260504268119
48. Spiegel, D., & Cardena, E. (1991). Disintegrated experience: The dissociative disorders revisited. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 366-378. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.100.3.366
49. Stone, A. A., & Shiffman S. (1994). Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in behavorial medicine. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 16, 199-202.
50. Stone, A. A., Shiffman, S., Schwartz, J. E., Broderick, J. E., & Hufford, M. R. (2003). Patient compliance with paper and electronic diaries. Controlled Clinical Trials, 24, 182-199. doi:10.1016/S0197-2456(02)00320-3
51. Wald, J., & Taylor, S. (2008). Responses to interoceptive exposure in people with posttraumatic stress disorder: A preliminary analysis of induced anxiety reactions and trauma memories and their relationship to anxiety sensitivity and PTSD symptom severity. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37, 90-100. doi:10.1080/16506070801969054
52. Wilhelm, F. H., & Grossman, P. (2010). Emotions beyond the laboratory: Theoretical fundaments, study design, and analytic strategies for advanced ambulatory assessment. Biological Psychology, 84, 552-569. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.01.017
53. Williams, K. E., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. (1997). Are emotions frightening? An extension of the fear of fear construct. Behviour Research and Therapy, 35, 239-248. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(96)00098-8