메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 319-345

A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder

Author keywords

Cognitions; Cognitive behaviour therapy; Memory; Posttraumatic stress disorder; PTSD

Indexed keywords

ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; COGNITIVE THERAPY; HUMAN; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOANALYSIS; REVIEW; TREATMENT PLANNING;

EID: 0033960841     PISSN: 00057967     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00123-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (4407)

References (66)
  • 3
    • 0029089181 scopus 로고
    • Double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the amygdalae and hippocampus in humans
    • Bechara A., Trandel D., Damasio H., Adelphs R., Rockland C., Damasio A.R. Double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the amygdalae and hippocampus in humans. Science. 269:1995;1115-1118.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1115-1118
    • Bechara, A.1    Trandel, D.2    Damasio, H.3    Adelphs, R.4    Rockland, C.5    Damasio, A.R.6
  • 5
    • 0030266022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Brewin C.R., Dalgleish T., Joseph S. A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Review. 103:1996;670-686.
    • (1996) Psychological Review , vol.103 , pp. 670-686
    • Brewin, C.R.1    Dalgleish, T.2    Joseph, S.3
  • 7
    • 0033027356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety disorders: Why they persist and how to treat them
    • Clark D.M. Anxiety disorders: why they persist and how to treat them. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 37:1999;S5-S27.
    • (1999) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.37
    • Clark, D.M.1
  • 8
    • 0032858980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PTSD symptoms, response to intrusive memories and coping in ambulance service workers
    • (in press).
    • Clohessy, S. & Ehlers, A. (in press). PTSD symptoms, response to intrusive memories and coping in ambulance service workers. British Journal of Clinical Psychology.
    • British Journal of Clinical Psychology
    • Clohessy, S.1    Ehlers, A.2
  • 9
    • 0002864392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: What are memories?
    • M.A. Conway. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Conway M.A. Introduction: what are memories? Conway M.A. Recovered memories and false memories. 1997;1-22 Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1997) Recovered Memories and False Memories , pp. 1-22
    • Conway, M.A.1
  • 10
    • 0002746153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and present: Recovered memories and false memories
    • M.A. Conway. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Conway M.A. Past and present: recovered memories and false memories. Conway M.A. Recovered memories and false memories. 1997;150-191 Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1997) Recovered Memories and False Memories , pp. 150-191
    • Conway, M.A.1
  • 12
    • 0024426693 scopus 로고
    • UCS revaluation and conditioning models of acquired fears
    • Davey G.C.L. UCS revaluation and conditioning models of acquired fears. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 27:1989;521-528.
    • (1989) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.27 , pp. 521-528
    • Davey, G.C.L.1
  • 13
    • 0030809929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive factors in persistent versus recovered posttraumatic stress disorder after physical or sexual assault: A pilot study
    • Dunmore E., Clark D.M., Ehlers A. Cognitive factors in persistent versus recovered posttraumatic stress disorder after physical or sexual assault: a pilot study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. 25:1997;147-159.
    • (1997) Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , vol.25 , pp. 147-159
    • Dunmore, E.1    Clark, D.M.2    Ehlers, A.3
  • 14
    • 0342281418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cognitive factors in posttraumatic stress disorder following physical or sexual assault: findings from retrospective and prospective investigations
    • Durham, UK, July 9-11
    • Dunmore, E., Clark, D. M. & Ehlers, A. (1998). The role of cognitive factors in posttraumatic stress disorder following physical or sexual assault: findings from retrospective and prospective investigations. Paper presented at Annual Conference of British Association of Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies. Durham, UK, July 9-11.
    • (1998) Paper Presented at Annual Conference of British Association of Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies
    • Dunmore, E.1    Clark, D.M.2    Ehlers, A.3
  • 15
    • 0033004312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive factors involved in the onset and maintenance of PTSD
    • Dunmore, E., Clark, D. M. & Ehlers, A. (1999). Cognitive factors involved in the onset and maintenance of PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, 809-829.
    • (1999) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.37 , pp. 809-829
    • Dunmore, E.1    Clark, D.M.2    Ehlers, A.3
  • 18
    • 0343586446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PTSD following political imprisonment: The role of mental defeat, alienation and perceived permanent change
    • (in press).
    • Ehlers, A., Maercker, A. & Boos, A. (in press). PTSD following political imprisonment: The role of mental defeat, alienation and perceived permanent change. Journal of Abnormal Psychology.
    • Journal of Abnormal Psychology
    • Ehlers, A.1    Maercker, A.2    Boos, A.3
  • 19
    • 0031824592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents
    • Ehlers A., Mayou R.A., Bryant B. Psychological predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 107:1998;508-519.
    • (1998) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.107 , pp. 508-519
    • Ehlers, A.1    Mayou, R.A.2    Bryant, B.3
  • 21
    • 0028876277 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of intrusive memories in posttraumatic stress disorder: A cognitive approach
    • Ehlers A., Steil R. Maintenance of intrusive memories in posttraumatic stress disorder: a cognitive approach. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. 23:1995;217-249.
    • (1995) Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , vol.23 , pp. 217-249
    • Ehlers, A.1    Steil, R.2
  • 23
    • 0003006733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional dissociation in response to trauma: An information processing approach
    • L.K. Michelson, & W.J. Ray. New York: Plenum Press
    • Foa E.B., Hearst-Ikeda D. Emotional dissociation in response to trauma: an information processing approach. Michelson L.K., Ray W.J. Handbook of dissociation: theoretical, empirical and research perspectives. 1996;207-224 Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1996) Handbook of Dissociation: Theoretical, Empirical and Research Perspectives , pp. 207-224
    • Foa, E.B.1    Hearst-Ikeda, D.2
  • 24
    • 0022611832 scopus 로고
    • Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information
    • Foa E.B., Kozak M.J. Emotional processing of fear: exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin. 99:1986;20-35.
    • (1986) Psychological Bulletin , vol.99 , pp. 20-35
    • Foa, E.B.1    Kozak, M.J.2
  • 25
    • 0030636545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: A critical review
    • Foa E.B., Meadows E.A. Psychosocial treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: a critical review. Annual Review of Psychology. 48:1997;449-480.
    • (1997) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 449-480
    • Foa, E.B.1    Meadows, E.A.2
  • 26
    • 0028875632 scopus 로고
    • Change in rape narratives during exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Foa E.B., Molnar C., Cashman L. Change in rape narratives during exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 8:1995;675-690.
    • (1995) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.8 , pp. 675-690
    • Foa, E.B.1    Molnar, C.2    Cashman, L.3
  • 27
    • 0000556255 scopus 로고
    • Post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims
    • J. Oldham, M.B. Riba, Tasman A. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
    • Foa E.B., Riggs D.S. Post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims. Oldham J., Riba M.B., Tasman A. Annual review of psychiatry. Vol. 12:1993;273-303 American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 273-303
    • Foa, E.B.1    Riggs, D.S.2
  • 29
    • 0024399164 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural/cognitive conceptualisations of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • Foa E.B., Steketee G., Rothbaum B.O. Behavioural/cognitive conceptualisations of post-traumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Therapy. 20:1989;155-176.
    • (1989) Behaviour Therapy , vol.20 , pp. 155-176
    • Foa, E.B.1    Steketee, G.2    Rothbaum, B.O.3
  • 30
    • 0000543971 scopus 로고
    • Complex PTSD: A syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma
    • Herman J.L. Complex PTSD: a syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 5:1992;377-391.
    • (1992) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.5 , pp. 377-391
    • Herman, J.L.1
  • 34
    • 0025015353 scopus 로고
    • The etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Jones J.C., Barlow D.H. The etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychology Review. 10:1990;299-328.
    • (1990) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.10 , pp. 299-328
    • Jones, J.C.1    Barlow, D.H.2
  • 37
    • 0029775077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic memory characteristics: A cross-validated mediational mode of response to rape among employed women
    • Koss M.P., Figueredo A.J., Bell I., Tharan M., Tromp S. Traumatic memory characteristics: a cross-validated mediational mode of response to rape among employed women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 105:1996;421-432.
    • (1996) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.105 , pp. 421-432
    • Koss, M.P.1    Figueredo, A.J.2    Bell, I.3    Tharan, M.4    Tromp, S.5
  • 38
    • 0002851007 scopus 로고
    • Toward a cognitive neuroscience of dissociation and altered memory functions in posttraumatic stress disorder
    • M.J. Friedman, D.S. Charney, & A.Y. Deutch. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven Publishers
    • Krystal J.H., Bennett A.L., Bremner J.D., Southwick S.M., Charney D.S. Toward a cognitive neuroscience of dissociation and altered memory functions in posttraumatic stress disorder. Friedman M.J., Charney D.S., Deutch A.Y. Neurobiological and clinical consequences of stress: from normal adaptation to PTSD. 1995;239-269 Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, PA.
    • (1995) Neurobiological and Clinical Consequences of Stress: From Normal Adaptation to PTSD , pp. 239-269
    • Krystal, J.H.1    Bennett, A.L.2    Bremner, J.D.3    Southwick, S.M.4    Charney, D.S.5
  • 39
    • 0028860559 scopus 로고
    • Autobiographical memory functioning in depression and reports of early abuse
    • Kuyken W., Brewin C.R. Autobiographical memory functioning in depression and reports of early abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 104:1995;585-591.
    • (1995) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.104 , pp. 585-591
    • Kuyken, W.1    Brewin, C.R.2
  • 40
    • 0342716399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (in preparation). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Layden, M. & Hackmann, A. (in preparation). Imagery and cognitive therapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • Imagery and Cognitive Therapy
    • Layden, M.1    Hackmann, A.2
  • 41
    • 0001664753 scopus 로고
    • Emotion as memory: Anatomical systems underlying indelible memory traces
    • S.A. Christianson. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • LeDoux J.E. Emotion as memory: anatomical systems underlying indelible memory traces. Christianson S.A. Handbook of emotion and memory. 1992;269-288 Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
    • (1992) Handbook of Emotion and Memory , pp. 269-288
    • Ledoux, J.E.1
  • 42
    • 0029561473 scopus 로고
    • Which brain regions are critically involved on the retrieval of old episodic memory?
    • Markowitsch H.J. Which brain regions are critically involved on the retrieval of old episodic memory? Brain Research Reviews. 21:1995;117-127.
    • (1995) Brain Research Reviews , vol.21 , pp. 117-127
    • Markowitsch, H.J.1
  • 43
    • 0029842378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia: Two sides of the same coin?
    • Markowitsch H.J. Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia: two sides of the same coin? Neurocase. 2:1996;357-371.
    • (1996) Neurocase , vol.2 , pp. 357-371
    • Markowitsch, H.J.1
  • 46
    • 0029019357 scopus 로고
    • Association of intelligence with severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in Vietnam combat veterans
    • McNally R.J., Shin L.M. Association of intelligence with severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in Vietnam combat veterans. American Journal of Psychiatry. 152:1995;936-938.
    • (1995) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 936-938
    • McNally, R.J.1    Shin, L.M.2
  • 51
    • 0003809147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the cellar. Hamburg, Germany: Hamburger Edition
    • Reemtsma J.P. Im Keller. In the cellar :1997;Hamburger Edition, Hamburg, Germany.
    • (1997) Im Keller
    • Reemtsma, J.P.1
  • 52
    • 0023975811 scopus 로고
    • Pavlovian conditioning: It's not what you think it is
    • Rescorla R.A. Pavlovian conditioning: it's not what you think it is. American Psychologist. 43:1988;151-160.
    • (1988) American Psychologist , vol.43 , pp. 151-160
    • Rescorla, R.A.1
  • 54
    • 0025486147 scopus 로고
    • Implicit memory: Retention without remembering
    • Roediger H.L. Implicit memory: retention without remembering. American Psychologist. 45:1990;1043-1056.
    • (1990) American Psychologist , vol.45 , pp. 1043-1056
    • Roediger, H.L.1
  • 56
    • 0002834219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive approach to anxiety: Threat beliefs, safety-seeking behaviour and the special case of health anxiety and obsessions
    • P.M. Salkovskis. New York: Guilford
    • Salkovskis P.M. The cognitive approach to anxiety: threat beliefs, safety-seeking behaviour and the special case of health anxiety and obsessions. Salkovskis P.M. Frontiers of cognitive therapy. 1996;48-74 Guilford, New York.
    • (1996) Frontiers of Cognitive Therapy , pp. 48-74
    • Salkovskis, P.M.1
  • 57
    • 0004950875 scopus 로고
    • Psychobiological consequences of severe trauma
    • M. Basoglu. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Saporta J.A., van der Kolk B.A. Psychobiological consequences of severe trauma. Basoglu M. Torture and its consequences. 1992;151-181 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1992) Torture and Its Consequences , pp. 151-181
    • Saporta, J.A.1    Van Der Kolk, B.A.2
  • 58
    • 0000831025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recovered memories debate: A cognitive neuroscience perspective
    • M.A. Conway. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Schacter D.L., Norman K.A., Koutstaal W. The recovered memories debate: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Conway M.A. Recovered memories and false memories. 1997;63-99 Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1997) Recovered Memories and False Memories , pp. 63-99
    • Schacter, D.L.1    Norman, K.A.2    Koutstaal, W.3
  • 59
    • 0025140247 scopus 로고
    • Verbal overshadowing of visual memories: Some things are better left unsaid
    • Schooler J.W., Engstler-Schooler T.Y. Verbal overshadowing of visual memories: some things are better left unsaid. Cognitive Psychology. 22:1990;36-71.
    • (1990) Cognitive Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 36-71
    • Schooler, J.W.1    Engstler-Schooler, T.Y.2
  • 61
    • 0000928182 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation and trauma
    • A. Tasman, Goldfinger S.M. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press
    • Spiegel D. Dissociation and trauma. Tasman A., Goldfinger S.M. Annual review of psychiatry. Vol. 10:1991;261-275 American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC.
    • (1991) Annual Review of Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 261-275
    • Spiegel, D.1
  • 62
    • 0034213760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysfunctional meaning of posttraumatic intrusions in chronic PTSD
    • (in press).
    • Steil, R. & Ehlers, A. (in press). Dysfunctional meaning of posttraumatic intrusions in chronic PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy.
    • Behaviour Research and Therapy
    • Steil, R.1    Ehlers, A.2
  • 63
    • 0028811028 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation and the fragmentary nature of traumatic memories: Overview and exploratory study
    • van der Kolk B.A., Fisler R. Dissociation and the fragmentary nature of traumatic memories: overview and exploratory study. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 8:1995;505-525.
    • (1995) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.8 , pp. 505-525
    • Van Der Kolk, B.A.1    Fisler, R.2
  • 64
    • 0000214756 scopus 로고
    • The intrusive past: The flexibility of memory and the engraving of trauma
    • van der Kolk B.A., van der Hart O. The intrusive past: the flexibility of memory and the engraving of trauma. American Imago. 48:1991;425-454.
    • (1991) American Imago , vol.48 , pp. 425-454
    • Van Der Kolk, B.A.1    Van Der Hart, O.2
  • 65
    • 0031137941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a theory of episodic memory: The frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness
    • Wheeler A.M., Stuss D.T., Tulving E. Toward a theory of episodic memory: the frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness. Psychological Bulletin. 121:1997;331-354.
    • (1997) Psychological Bulletin , vol.121 , pp. 331-354
    • Wheeler, A.M.1    Stuss, D.T.2    Tulving, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.