Pharmacological management of depression in patients with cancer: Practical considerations

Drugs

Volumn 73, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 1131-1145

  Torta, Riccardo G V ^a   Ieraci, Valentina ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMISULPRIDE; AMITRIPTYLINE; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; BENZAMIDE DERIVATIVE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CITALOPRAM; DULOXETINE; ESCITALOPRAM; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; PAROXETINE; REBOXETINE; SEROTONIN; SEROTONIN NORADRENALIN REUPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; TRANSMETHYLANT; TRAZODONE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANALGESIC ACTIVITY; ANXIETY DISORDER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER PAIN; CANCER PALLIATIVE THERAPY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; COPING BEHAVIOR; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DISTRESS SYNDROME; DRUG MECHANISM; DSM-IV-TR; FAMILY HISTORY; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HOSPITAL ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SCALE; HUMAN; MUCOSA INFLAMMATION; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; PATHOGENESIS; PREVALENCE; PROPHYLAXIS; PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; XEROSTOMIA; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DRUG INTERACTION; FEMALE; MALE; NEOPLASM; PAIN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DRUG INTERACTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEOPLASMS; PAIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 84880773249     PISSN: 00126667     EISSN: 11791950     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-013-0090-7     Document Type: Review

References (148)

1. Akechi T. Psychotherapy for depression among patients with advanced cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2012;12:1113-9.
2. Li M, Boquiren V, Lo C, et al. Depression and anxiety in supportive oncology. In: Davis M, Feyer P, Ortner P, et al., editors. Supportive oncology. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2011. p. 528-40.
3. Torta R, Miniotti M, Leombruni P. Antidepressants in oncology: reason and choice. Neuropathol Dis. 2012;1(2):179-204.
4. Massie MJ. Prevalence of depression in patients with cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2004;32:57-71.
5. Harter M, Baumeister H, Reuter K, et al. Increased 12-month prevalence rates of mental disorders in patients with chronic somatic diseases. Psychother Psychosom. 2007;76:354-60.
6. Dalton SO, Laursen TM, Ross L, et al. Risk for hospitalization with depression after a cancer diagnosis: a nationwide, population-based study of cancer patients in Denmark from 1973 to 2003. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1440-5.
7. Prieto JM, Blanch J, Atala J, et al. Psychiatric morbidity and impact on hospital length of stay among hematologic cancer patients receiving stem-cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:1907-17.
8. Pinquart M, Duberstein PR. Depression and cancer mortality: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2010;40:1-14.
9. Montgomery SA, Asberg M. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry. 1979;134:382-9.
10. Castelli L, Binaschi L, Torta R, et al. Fast screening of depression in cancer patients: the effectiveness of the HADS. Eur J Cancer Care. 2011;20(4):528-33.
11. Engel GL. The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science. 1977;196:129-36.
12. Schwartz GE. Testing the biopsychosocial model: the ultimate challenge facing behavioral medicine? J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50(6):1040-53.
13. Gerbershagen HJ, Ozgür E, Straub K, et al. Prevalence, severity, and chronicity of pain and general health-related quality of life in patients with localized prostate cancer. Eur J Pain. 2008;12(3):339-50.
14. Torta R, Mussa A. Psychoncology. 2nd rev. ed. Centro Scientifico Editore Ltd; 2008.
15. Kissane D. Beyond the psychotherapy and survival debate: the challenge of social disparity, depression and treatment adherence in psychosocial cancer care. Psychooncology. 2009;18(1):1-5.
16. Lo C, Zimmermann C, Rydall A, et al. Longitudinal study of depressive symptoms in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal and lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:3084-9.
17. Patten SB, Barbui C. Drug-induced depression: a systematic review to inform clinical practice. Psychother Psychosom. 2004;73(4):207-15.
18. Reyes-Vázqueza C, Prieto-Gómeza B, Dafny N. Interferon modulates central nervous system function. Brain Res. 2012;1442:76-89.
19. Baudino B, D'agata F, Caroppo P, et al. The chemotherapy long-term effect on cognitive functions and brain metabolism in lymphoma patients. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012;56(6):559-68.
20. Caldera P, Amodeo L, Torta R, et al. Evaluation of emotional and cognitive neurotoxicity in course of chemotherapy for cancer: preliminary data from a multicentric study. Psychooncology. 2006;15(2):191.
21. Dutta V. Chemotherapy, neurotoxicity, and cognitive changes in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Ther. 2011;7(3):264-9.
22. Brintzenhofe-Szoc KM, Levin TT, Li Y, et al. Mixed anxiety/depression symptoms in a large cancer cohort: prevalence by cancer type. Psychosomatics. 2009;50:383-91.
23. Thalén-Lindström A, Larsson G, Glimelius B, et al. Anxiety and depression in oncology patients; a longitudinal study of a screening, assessment and psychosocial support intervention. Acta Oncol. 2013;52(1):118-27.
24. Holland JC, Alici Y. Management of distress in cancer patients. J Support Oncol. 2010;8:4-12.
25. Torta R, Munari J. Symptom cluster: depression and pain. Surg Oncol. 2010;19(3):155-9.
26. Li M, Fitzgerald P, Rodin G. Evidence-based treatment of depression in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:1187-96.
27. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. TR). Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
28. Mitchell AJ, Chan M, Bhatti H, et al. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder in oncological, haematological, and palliative-care settings: a meta-analysis of 94 interview-based studies. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12:160-74.
29. Patten SB, Williams JV, Lavorato DH, Bulloch AG, Currie G, Emery H. Depression and painful conditions: patterns of association with health status and health utility ratings in the general population. Qual Life Res. 7 Jun 2013 (Epub ahead of print).
30. Frewen PA, Dozois DJ, Lanius RA. Assessment of anhedonia in psychological trauma: psychometric and neuroimaging perspectives. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 11 Jan 2012. (Epub ahead of print)
31. Torta R, Leombruni P, Borio R, et al. Duloxetine for the treatment of mood disorder in cancer patients: a 12 week case-control clinical trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2011;26:291-9.
32. Sharpley CF. A review of the neurobiological effects of psychotherapy for depression. Psychotherapy. 2010;47(4):603-15.
33. Akechi T, Okuyama T, Onishi J, et al. Psychotherapy for depression among incurable cancer patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(2):CD005537.
34. Giese-Davis J, Collie K, Rancourt KM, et al. Decrease in depression symptoms is associated with longer survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a secondary analysis. Clin Oncol. 2011;29(4):413-20.
35. Fournier JC, DeRubeis RJ, Hollon SD, et al. Antidepressant drug effects and depression severity: a patient-level meta-analysis. JAMA. 2010;303(1):47-53.
36. Kay J. Combining psychodynamic psychotherapy with medication. In: Gabbard GO, editor. Textbook of psychotherapeutic treatments. Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2009. p. 133-61.
37. Clerici CA, Ferrari A, Simonetti F, et al. Psychotherapy and psychopharmacology for mental health in adolescents with cancer: what integration is possible? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011;11(11):1623-5.
38. Ronson A. Neurotrophic theories of stress and neurobiology of antidepressants: applications in psycho-oncology. Bull Cancer. 2007;94(5):431-8.
39. Aikens JE, Nease DE, Nau DP, et al. Adherence to maintenance-phase antidepressant medication as a function of patient beliefs about medication. Ann Fam Med. 2005;3:23-30.
40. Kanzler KE, Bryan CJ, McGeary DD, et al. Suicidal ideation and perceived burdensomeness in patients with chronic pain. Pain Pract. 2012;12(8):602-9.
41. Rodin G, Lloyd N, Katz M, et al. The treatment of depression in cancer patients: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer. 2007;15:123-36.
42. Navari RM, Brenner MC, Wilson MN, et al. Treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with early stage breast cancer undergoing adjuvant therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008;112:197-201.
43. Jacobsen PB, Donovan KA, Swaine ZN, et al. Management of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients: toward an evidence-based approach. In: Chang AE, Ganz PA, Hayes F, et al., editors. Oncology: an evidence-based approach. New York: Springer; 2006. p. 1552-79.
44. Stockler MR, O'Connell R, Nowak AK, et al. Effect of sertraline on symptoms and survival in patients with advanced cancer, but without major depression: a placebo-controlled double-blind randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:603-12.
45. Iovieno N, Tedeschini E, Ameral VE, et al. Antidepressants for major depressive disorder in patients with a co-morbid axis III disorder: a metaanalysis of patient characteristics and placebo response rates in randomized controlled trials. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011;26:69-74.
46. Lydiatt WM, Denman D, McNeilly DP, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of citalopram for the prevention of major depression during treatment for head and neck cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;134:528-35.
47. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Organisation current research and strategies: 2011-2012. Brussels: EORTC; 2011.
48. Reilly CM, Bruner DW, Mitchell SA, et al. A literature synthesis of symptom prevalence and severity in persons receiving active cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21(6):1525-50.
49. Wardenaar KJ, Vreeburg SA, van Veen T, et al. Dimensions of depression and anxiety and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;69(4):366-73.
50. Carroll DG, Kelley KW. Use of antidepressants for management of hot flashes. Pharmacotherapy. 2009;29(11):1357-74.
51. Loprinzi CL, Levitt R, Barton D, et al. Phase III comparison of depomedroxyprogesterone acetate to venlafaxine for managing hot flashes: North Central Cancer Treatment Group Trial N99C7. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(9):1409-14.
52. Anacker C, Zunszain PA, Carvgalho LA, et al. The glucocorticoid receptor: pivot of depression and of antidepressant treatment? Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010;36(3):415-25.
53. Russo-Neustadt AA, Chen MJ. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and antidepressant activity. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(12):1495-510.
54. Hashimoto K. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a biomarker for mood disorders: an historical overview and future directions. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010;64(4):341-57.
55. Molendijk ML, Bus BA, Spinhoven P, et al. Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in major depressive disorder: state-trait issues, clinical features and pharmacological treatment. Mol Psychiatry. 2011;16(11):1088-95.
56. Krishnadas R, Cavanagh J. Depression: an inflammatory illness? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012;83(5):495-502.
57. McCarthy DJ, Alexander R, Smith MA, et al. Glutamate-based depression GBD. Med Hypotheses. 2012;78(5):675-81.
58. Capuron L, Ravaud A, Miller AH, et al. Baseline mood and psychosocial characteristics of patients developing depressive symptoms during interleukin-2 and/or interferon-alpha cancer therapy. Brain Behav Immun. 2004;18(3):205-13.
59. Stenman E, Lilja A. Increased monoaminergic neurotransmission improves compliance with physical activity recommendations in depressed patients with fatigue. Med Hypotheses. 2013;80(1):47-9.
60. Roscoe JA, Morrow GR, Hickok JT, et al. Effect of paroxetine hydrochloride (Paxil) on fatigue and depression in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005;89(3):243-9.
61. Capuron L, Ravaud A, Dantzer R. Early depressive symptoms in cancer patients receiving interleukin 2 and/or interferon alfa-2b therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(10):2143-51.
62. Davis MP, Kirkova J, Lagman R, et al. Intolerance to mirtazapine in advanced cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011;42(3):4-7.
63. Stearns V, Johnson MD, Rae JM, et al. Active tamoxifen metabolite plasma concentrations after coadministration of tamoxifen and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003;95(23):1758-64.
64. Houlihan DJ. Serotonin syndrome resulting from coadministration of tramadol, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38(3):411-3.
65. Chaturvedi SK, Maguire P, Hopwood P. Antidepressant medications in cancer patients. Psychooncology. 1994;3:57-60.
66. Hong RA, Iimura T, Sumida KN, et al. Cardio-oncology/onco-cardiology. Clin Cardiol. 2010;33(12):733-7.
67. Senkus E, Jassem J. Cardiovascular effects of systemic cancer treatment. Cancer Treat Rev. 2011;37(4):300-11.
68. Razavi D, Kormoss N, Collard A, et al. Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of trazodone versus clorazepate in the treatment of adjustment disorders in cancer patients: a pilot study. J Int Med Res. 1999;27(6):264-72.
69. Davis MP. Does trazodone have a role in palliating symptoms? Support Care Cancer. 2007;15(2):221-4.
70. Eyding D, Lelgemann M, Grouven U, et al. Reboxetine for acute treatment of major depression: systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished placebo and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor controlled trials. BMJ. 2010;341:c4737.
71. Grassi L, Biancosino B, Marmai L, et al. Effect of reboxetine on major depressive disorder in breast cancer patients: an open-label study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65(4):515-20.
72. Bould H, Wiles N, Potokar J, et al. Does baseline fatigue influence treatment response to reboxetine or citalopram in depression? An open label randomized controlled trial. J Psychopharmacol. 2012;26(5):663-9.
73. Kelly CM, Pritchard KI. CYP2D6 genotype as a marker for benefit of adjuvant tamoxifen in postmenopausal women: lessons learned. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(6):427-8.
74. Lane RM. SSRI-induced extrapyramidal side-effects and akathisia: implications for treatment. J Psychopharmacol. 1998;12(2):192-214.
75. Bak S, Tsiropoulous I, Kjaersgaard JO, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the risk of stroke: a population based case-control study. Stroke. 2002;33(6):1465-73.
76. Yuan Y, Tsoi K, Hunt RH. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of upper GI bleeding: confusion or confounding? Am J Med. 2006;119:719-27.
77. Barone P. Treatment of depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol. 2011;18(Suppl 1):11-5.
78. Creed-Carson M, Oraha A, Nobrega JN. Effects of 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonists on acute and chronic dyskinetic effects induced by haloperidol in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2011;219(2):273-9.
79. Cullum JL, Wojciechowski AE, Pelletier G, et al. Bupropion sustained release treatment reduces fatigue in cancer patients. Can J Psychiatry. 2004;49(2):139-44.
80. Moss EL, Simpson JS, Pelletier G, et al. An open-label study of the effects of bupropion SR on fatigue, depression and quality of life of mixed-site cancer patients and their partners. Psychooncology. 2006;15(3):259-67.
81. Hashemi P, Dankoski EC, Lama R, et al. Brain dopamine and serotonin differ in regulation and its consequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012;109(29):11510-5.
82. Williams S, Dale J. The effectiveness of treatment for depression/depressive symptoms in adults with cancer: a systematic review. Br J Cancer. 2006;94(3):372-90.
83. Pezzella G, Moslinger-Gehmayr R, Contu A. Treatment of depression in patients with breast cancer: a comparison between paroxetine and amitriptyline. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2001;70(1):1-10.
84. Kraus MR, Schäfer A, Scheurlen M. Paroxetine for the prevention of depression induced by interferon alfa. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):375-6.
85. Razavi D, Allilaire JF, Smith M, et al. The effect of fluoxetine on anxiety and depression symptoms in cancer patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1996;94(3):205-10.
86. Fisch MJ, Loehrer PJ, Kristeller J, et al. Fluoxetine versus placebo in advanced cancer outpatients: a double-blinded trial of the Hoosier Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(10):1937-43.
87. Torta R, Siri I, Caldera P. Sertraline effectiveness and safety in depressed oncological patients. Support Care Cancer. 2008;16(1):83-91.
88. Zhou T, Duan J, Wang Y, et al. Fluoxetine synergies with anticancer drugs to overcome multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol. 2012;33(5):1299-306.
89. Mom CH, Bujis C, Willemse PH, et al. Hot flushes in breast cancer patients. Crit Rev Oncol Haematol. 2006;57(1):63-77.
90. Gupta P, Sturdee DW, Palin SL, et al. Menopausal symptoms in women treated for breast cancer: the prevalence and severity of symptoms and their perceived effects on quality of life. Climacteric. 2006;9(1):49-58.
91. Park HY, Lee BJ, Kim JH, et al. Rapid improvement of depression and quality of life with escitalopram treatment in outpatients with breast cancer: a 12-week, open-label prospective trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2012;36(2):318-23.
92. Wu MF, Hilsenbeck SG, Tham YL, et al. The efficacy of sertraline for controlling hot flashes in women with or at high risk of developing breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009;118(2):369-75.
93. Bymaster FP, Dreshfield-Ahmad LJ, Threlkeld PG, et al. Comparative affinity of duloxetine and venlafaxine for serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in vivo and in vivo, human serotonin receptors subtypes, and other neuronal receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001;25(6):871-80.
94. Nakagawa S, Okamoto Y, Tsuneto S, et al. Can milnacipran used for neuropathic pain in patients with advanced cancer cause neuromuscular and somatosensory disorders? J Palliat Med. 2011;14(4):403-5.
95. Ramsberg J, Asseburg C, Henriksson M. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of antidepressants in primary care: a multiple treatment comparison meta-analys and cost effectiveness mode. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42003
96. Schatzberg A, Roose S. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of venlafaxine and fluoxetine in geriatric outpatients with major depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006;14(4):361-70.
97. Biglia N, Torta R, Roagna R, et al. Evaluation of low-dose venlafaxine hydrochloride for the therapy of hot flushes in breast cancer survivors. Maturitas. 2005;52(1):78-85.
98. Adelson KB, Loprinzi CL, Hershman DL. Treatment of hot flushes in breast and prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005;6(7):1095-6.
99. Carroll JK, Kohli S, Mustian KM, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of cancer-related fatigue. Oncologist. 2007;(Suppl 1):43-51.
100. Papakostas GI, Nutt DJ, Hallett LA, et al. Resolution of sleepiness and fatigue in major depressive disorder: a comparison of bupropion and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;60(12):1350-5.
101. Portela MA, Rubiales AS, Centeno C. The use of psychostimulants in cancer patients. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2011;5(2):164-8.
102. Shibahara H, Ito T, Uematsu N, et al. Low-dose mirtazapine improved nausea and appetite loss during S-1 therapy. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2012;39(1):143-5.
103. Davis MP, Khawam E, Pozuelo L, et al. Management of symptoms associated with advanced cancer: olanzapine and mirtazapine. A World Health Organization project. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2002;2(4):365-76.
104. Torta R, Berra C, Binaschi L, et al. Amisulpride in the short-term treatment of depressive and physical symptoms in cancer patients during chemotherapies. Support Care Cancer. 2007;15(5):539-46.
105. Cassano GB, Jori MC. Efficacy and safety of amisulpride 50 mg versus paroxetine 20 mg in major depression: a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2002;17(1):27-32.
106. Lecrubier Y, Boyer P, Turjanski S, et al. Amisulpride versus imipramine and placebo in dysthymia and major depression. Amisulpride Study Group. J Affect Disord. 1997;43:95-103.
107. Smeraldi E. Amisulpride versus fluoxetine in patients with dysthymia or major depression in partial remission: a double-blind, comparative study. J Affect Disord. 1998;56:47-8.
108. De Lima MS, Hotopf M. Benefits and risks of pharmacotherapy for dysthymia: a systematic appraisal of the evidence. Drug Saf. 2003;26(1):55-64.
109. Paparrigopoulos T, Liappas J, Tzavellas E, et al. Amisulpride-induced hyperprolactinemia is reversible following discontinuation. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007;31(1):92-6.
110. Volkmann H, Norregaard J, Jacobsen S, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S-adenosyl-l-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia. Scand J Rheumatol. 1997;26(3):206-11.
111. Torta R, Cicolin A, Keller R. Transmethylation and affective disorders. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 1998;(Suppl 6):499-506.
112. Pancheri P, Scapicchio P, Delle Chiaie R. A double-blind, randomized parallel-group, efficacy and safety study of intramuscular S-adenosyl-L- methionine 1,4- butanedisulphonate (SAMe) versus imipramine in patients with major depressive disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2002;5(4):287-94.
113. Papakostas GI, Alpert JE, Fava M. S-adenosyl-methionine in depression: a comprehensive review of the literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2003;5(6):460-6.
114. Alpert JE, Papakostas G, Mischoulon D, et al. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) as an adjunct for resistant major depressive disorder: an open trial following partial or nonresponse to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or venlafaxine. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004;24(6):661-4.
115. Thachil AF, Mohan R, Bhugra D. The evidence base of complementary and alternative therapies in depression. J Affect Disord. 2007;97(1-3):23-35.
116. Baldessarini RJ. Neuropharmacology of S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):95-103.
117. Spillmann M, Fava M. S-adenosyl-methionine (ademethionine) in psychiatric disorders. CNS Drugs. 1996;6:416-25.
118. Fava M, Giannelli A, Rapisarda V, et al. Rapidity of onset of the antidepressant effect of parenteral S-adenosyl-l-methionine. Psychiatry Res. 1995;56(3):295-7.
119. Torta R, Borio R, Vighetti S, et al. S-adenosyl-l-methionine normalizes P300 latency in patients with major depression. Curr Ther Res. 1994;55:864-74.
120. Scalabrino A, Airoldi M, Torta R, et al. Transmethylants in oncology: antidepressant effectiveness. Ann Oncol. 2008;Suppl 19:17.
121. Berra C, Amodeo L, Caldera P, et al. New antidepressants in oncological clinical practice: data from a single-blind ITT comparative study on 558 patients. Psychooncology. 2006;Suppl 15:28.
122. Scalabrino A, Stanizzo MR, Palmisano D, et al. S-adenosyl-l-methionine in the treatment of depression in oncology. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(8):36.
123. Lindsay C, De Vane. Principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In: Schatzberg AF, Nemeroff CB. The American psychiatric publishing textbook of psychopharmacology; 2009. p. 181-99.
124. Markowitz JS, Patrick KS. Venlafaxine-tramadol similarities. Med Hypotheses. 1998;51(2):167-8.
125. Mittino D, Mula M, Monaco F. Serotonin syndrome associated with tramadol sertraline coadministration. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2004;27(3):150-1.
126. Kelly CM, Juurlink DN, Gomes T, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and breast cancer mortality in women receiving tamoxifen: a population based cohort study. BMJ. 2010;340:C693.
127. Andersohn F, Willich SN. Interaction of serotonin reuptake inhibitors with tamoxifen. BMJ. 2010;340:C783.
128. Zembutsu H, Sasa M, Kiyotani K, et al. Should CYP2D6 inhibitors be administered in conjunction with tamoxifen? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011;11:185-93.
129. Desmarais JE, Looper KJ. Managing menopausal symptoms and depression in tamoxifen users: implications of drug and medicinal interactions. Maturitas. 2010;67(4):296-308.
130. Banks SM, Kerns RD. Explaining high rates of depression in chronic pain: a diathesis stress framework. Psychol Bull. 1996;119(1):95-110.
131. World Health Organization (WHO). Traitement de la douleur cancéreuse. Geneva: WHO; 1987.
132. Micò JA, Ardid D, Berrocoso E, et al. Antidepressants and pain. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2006;27(7):348-54.
133. Finnerup NB, Otto M, Jensen TS, et al. An evidence-based algorithm for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Med Gen Med. 2007;9(2):36.
134. McDonald AA, Portenoy RK. How to use antidepressants and anticonvulsants as adjuvant analgesics in the treatment of neuropathic cancer pain. J Suppl Oncol. 2006;4(1):43-52.
135. Gharibian D, Polzin JK, Rho JP. Compliance and persistence of antidepressants versus anticonvulsants in patients with neuropathic pain during the first year of therapy. Clin J Pain. 2013;29:377-81.
136. Attal N, Cruccu G, Baron R, European Federation of Neurological Societies, et al. EFNS guidelines on the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain: 2010 revision. Eur J Neurol. 2010;17(9):1113-88.
137. Skljarevski V, Frakes EP, Sagman D, et al. Review of efficacy and safety of duloxetine 40 to 60 mg once daily in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Pain Res Treat. 2012;2012:898347
138. Beach SR, Celano CM, Noseworthy PA, et al. QTc prolongation, torsades de pointes, and psychotropic medications. Psychosomatics. 2013;54(1):1-13.
139. Holland JC, Romano SJ, Heiligenstein JH, et al. A controlled trial of fluoxetine and desipramine in depressed women with advanced cancer. Psychooncology. 1998;7(4):291-300.
140. Musselman DL, Somerset WI, Guo Y, et al. A double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group study of paroxetine, desipramine, or placebo in breast cancer patients (stages I, II, III, and IV) with major depression. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(2):288-96.
141. Van Heeringen K, Zivkov M. Pharmacological treatment of depression in cancer patients: a placebo-controlled study of mianserin. Br J Psychiatry. 1996;169(4):440-3.
142. Costa D, Mogos I, Toma T. Efficacy and safety of mianserin in the treatment of depression of women with cancer. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1985;320:85-92.
143. Ersoy MA, Noyan AM, Elbi H. An open-label long-term naturalistic study of mirtazapine treatment for depression in cancer patients. Clin Drug Investig. 2008;28(2):113-20.
144. Kim SW, Shin IS, Kim JM, et al. Effectiveness of mirtazapine for nausea and insomnia in cancer patients with depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008;62(1):75-83.
145. Capozzo MA, Schillani G, Aguglia E, et al. Serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and response to citalopram in terminally ill cancer patients: report of twenty-one cases. Tumori. 2009;95(4):479-83.
146. Schillani G, Capozzo MA, Era D, et al. Pharmacogenetics of escitalopram and mental adaptation to cancer in palliative care: report of 18 cases. Tumori. 2011;97(3):358-61.
147. Cankurtaran ES, Ozalp E, Soygur H, et al. Mirtazapine improves sleep and lowers anxiety and depression in cancer patients: superiority over imipramine. Support Care Cancer. 2008;16(11):1291-8.
148. Theobald DE, Kirsh KL, Holtsclaw E, et al. An open-label, crossover trial of mirtazapine (15 and 30 mg) in cancer patients with pain and other distressing symptoms. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002;23(5):442-7.