Graphitization of amorphous carbon and its transformation pathways

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 114, Issue 3, 2013, Pages

  Loh, G C ^a   Baillargeat, D ^a  

^a RESEARCH TECHNO PLAZA   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMORPHOUS CARBON STRUCTURES; CLASSICAL MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; GRAPHITIZATION PROCESS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE ANNEALING; PRESSURE CALCULATION; STRUCTURAL STABILITIES; TRANSFORMATION METHODOLOGIES; TRANSFORMATION PATHWAYS;

AMORPHOUS CARBON; GRAPHITE; GRAPHITIZATION; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; STABILITY; STRAIN;

LOADING;

EID: 84880765762     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.4816313     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. K. S. Novoselov, A. K. Geim, S. V. Morozov, D. Jiang, M. I. Katsnelson, I. V. Grigorieva, S. V. Dubonos, and A. A. Firsov, Nature 438, 197 (2005). 10.1038/nature04233
2. Y. B. Zhang, Y. W. Tan, H. L. Stormer, and P. Kim, Nature 438, 201 (2005). 10.1038/nature04235
3. C. L. Kane and E. J. Mele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 226801 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.226801
4. D. V. Khveshchenko, Phys. Rev. B 74, 161402 (2006). 10.1103/PhysRevB.74. 161402
5. F. Miao, S. Wijeratne, Y. Zhang, U. C. Coskun, W. Bao, and C. N. Lau, Science 317, 1530 (2007). 10.1126/science.1144359
6. N. M. R. Peres, A. H. Castro Neto, and F. Guinea, Phys. Rev. B 73, 195411 (2006). 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.195411
7. M. I. Katsnelson, K. S. Novoselov, and A. K. Geim, Nat. Phys. 2, 620 (2006). 10.1038/nphys384
8. M. I. Katsnelson, Eur. Phys. J. B 51, 157 (2006). 10.1140/epjb/e2006- 00203-1
9. Z.-S. Wu, W. Ren, L. Gao, J. Zhao, Z. Chen, B. Liu, D. Tang, B. Yu, C. Jiang, and H.-M. Cheng, ACS Nano 3, 411 (2009). 10.1021/nn900020u
10. A. A. Balandin, S. Ghosh, W. Bao, I. Calizo, D. Teweldebrhan, F. Miao, and C. N. Lau, Nano Lett. 8, 902 (2008). 10.1021/nl0731872
11. A. J. Bullen, K. E. O'Hara, D. G. Cahill, O. Monteiro, and A. von Keudell, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 6317 (2000). 10.1063/1.1314301
12. M. Shamsa, W. L. Liu, A. A. Balandin, C. Casiraghi, W. I. Milne, and A. C. Ferrari, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 161921 (2006). 10.1063/1.2362601
13. A. A. Balandin, M. Shamsa, W. L. Liu, C. Casiraghi, and A. C. Ferrari, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 043115 (2008). 10.1063/1.2957041
14. C. J. Morath, H. J. Maris, J. J. Cuomo, D. L. Pappas, A. Grill, V. V. Patel, J. P. Doyle, and K. L. Saenger, J. Appl. Phys. 76, 2636 (1994). 10.1063/1.357560
15. S. Falabella, D. B. Boercker, and D. M. Sanders, Thin Solid Films 236, 82 (1993). 10.1016/0040-6090(93)90647-8
16. G. Chen, P. Hui, and S. Xu, Thin Solid Films 366, 95 (2000). 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)01097-4
17. W. Hurler, M. Pietralla, and A. Hammerschmidt, Diamond Relat. Mater. 4, 954 (1995). 10.1016/0925-9635(94)00259-2
18. J. L. Arlein, S. E. M. Palaich, B. C. Daly, P. Subramonium, and G. A. Antonelli, J. Appl. Phys. 104, 033508 (2008). 10.1063/1.2963366
19. G. Tondi, V. Fierro, A. Pizzi, and A. Celzard, Carbon 47, 1480 (2009). 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.01.041
20. L. Soukup, I. Gregora, and L. Jastrabik, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 11, 355 (1992). 10.1016/0921-5107(92)90240-A
21. Subyakto, T. Hata, S. Kawai, Y. Imamura, and I. Ide, J. Wood Sci. 46, 16 (2000). 10.1007/BF00779548
22. F. Fugaciu, H. Hermann, and G. Seifert, Phys. Rev. B 60, 10711 (1999). 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.10711
23. G.-D. Lee, C. Z. Wang, J. Yu, E. Yoon, and K. M. Ho, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 265701 (2003). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.265701
24. L. Hawelek, A. Brodka, S. Tomita, J. C. Dore, V. Honkimäki, and A. Burian, Diamond Relat. Mater. 20, 1333 (2011). 10.1016/j.diamond.2011.09.008
25. S. Tomita, A. Burian, J. C. Dore, D. LeBolloch, M. Fujii, and S. Hayashi, Carbon 40, 1469 (2002). 10.1016/S0008-6223(01)00311-6
26. J.-M. Leyssale and G. L. Vignoles, Chem. Phys. Lett. 454, 299 (2008). 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.02.025
27. V. A. Davydov, A. V. Rakhmanina, S. Rols, V. Agafonov, M. X. Pulikkathara, R. L. Vander Wal, and V. N. Khabashesku, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 12918 (2007). 10.1021/jp073576k
28. B. S. Satyanarayana, A. Hart, W. I. Milne, and J. Robertson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 1430 (1997). 10.1063/1.119915
29. J. J. Schneider, ChemCatChem 3, 1119 (2011). 10.1002/cctc.201100078
30. J. A. Rodríguez-Manzo, C. Pham-Huu, and F. Banhart, ACS Nano 5, 1529 (2011). 10.1021/nn103456z
31. J. Fujita, M. Ishida, T. Ichihashi, Y. Ochiai, T. Kaito, and S. Matsui, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 20, 2686 (2002). 10.1116/1.1518022
32. E. P. Sajitha, V. Prasad, S. V. Subramanyam, S. Eto, K. Takai, and T. Enoki, Carbon 42, 2815 (2004). 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.06.027
33. K. L. Saenger, J. C. Tsang, A. A. Bol, J. O. Chu, A. Grill, and C. Lavoie, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 153105 (2010). 10.1063/1.3397985
34. T. J. Konno and R. Sinclair, Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 471 (1995). 10.1016/0956-7151(94)00289-T
35. M. Ohring, The Materials Science of Thin Films (Academic Press, London, 1991).
36. A. Grigonis, A. Medvid, P. Onufrijevs, J. Babonas, and A. Reza, Opt. Mater. 30, 749 (2008). 10.1016/j.optmat.2007.02.027
37. J. Gaudin, O. Peyrusse, J. Chalupský, M. Toufarová, L. Vyšín, V. Hájková, R. Sobierajski, T. Burian, S. Dastjani-Farahani, A. Graf, M. Amati, L. Gregoratti, Phys. Rev. B 86, 024103 (2012). 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.024103
38. S. S. Kim, S. Hishita, T. S. Cho, and J. H. Je, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 55 (2000). 10.1063/1.373623
39. T.-B. Ma, Y.-Z. Hu, and H. Wang, Carbon 47, 1953 (2009). 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.03.040
40. A. Onodera, Y. Irie, K. Higashi, J. Umemura, and T. Takenaka, J. Appl. Phys. 69, 2611 (1991). 10.1063/1.348652
41. D. W. Brenner, Phys. Rev. B 42, 9458 (1990). 10.1103/PhysRevB.42.9458
42. N. Thamwattana and J. M. Hill, Physica B 404, 3906 (2009). 10.1016/j.physb.2009.07.140
43. S. Nosé, J. Chem. Phys. 81, 511 (1984). 10.1063/1.447334
44. W. G. Hoover, Phys. Rev. A 31, 1695 (1985). 10.1103/PhysRevA.31.1695
45. A. S. J. Koh and H.-P. Lee, Nano Lett. 6, 2260 (2006). 10.1021/nl061640o