메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 238-249

GLP-1 receptor agonists: Effects on cardiovascular risk reduction

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; Exenatide; Glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist; Liraglutide

Indexed keywords

EXENDIN 4; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIRAGLUTIDE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO;

EID: 84880688845     PISSN: 17555914     EISSN: 17555922     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12000     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (64)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 33846083971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in people with diabetes mellitus: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association
    • Buse JB, Ginsberg HN, Bakris GL, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in people with diabetes mellitus: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association. Circulation 2007;115: 114-126.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 114-126
    • Buse, J.B.1    Ginsberg, H.N.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 2
    • 57249103368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: An observational study in 13,087 patients
    • Eeg-Olofsson K, Cederholm J, Nilsson PM, Zethelius B, Nunez L, Gudbjornsdottir S, Eliasson B. Risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: An observational study in 13, 087 patients. Diabetologia 2009;52: 65-73.
    • (2009) Diabetologia , vol.52 , pp. 65-73
    • Eeg-Olofsson, K.1    Cederholm, J.2    Nilsson, P.M.3    Zethelius, B.4    Nunez, L.5    Gudbjornsdottir, S.6    Eliasson, B.7
  • 3
    • 43849085397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similarity of the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged subjects
    • Juutilainen A, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Similarity of the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged subjects. Diabetes Care 2008;31: 714-719.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 714-719
    • Juutilainen, A.1    Lehto, S.2    Ronnemaa, T.3    Pyorala, K.4    Laakso, M.5
  • 4
    • 0034641568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study
    • Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study. BMJ 2000;321: 405-412.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 405-412
    • Stratton, I.M.1    Adler, A.I.2    Neil, H.A.3
  • 5
    • 0034641550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): Prospective observational study
    • Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): Prospective observational study. BMJ 2000;321: 412-419.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 412-419
    • Adler, A.I.1    Stratton, I.M.2    Neil, H.A.3
  • 7
    • 60449094498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
    • Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2009;119: 480-486.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119 , pp. 480-486
    • Lloyd-Jones, D.1    Adams, R.2    Carnethon, M.3
  • 8
    • 84855185039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards of medical care in diabetes-2012
    • American Diabetes Association.
    • American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35(Suppl 1): S11-S63.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL 1
  • 9
    • 57349160286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
    • Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R, Zinman B. Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52: 17-30.
    • (2009) Diabetologia , vol.52 , pp. 17-30
    • Nathan, D.M.1    Buse, J.B.2    Davidson, M.B.3    Ferrannini, E.4    Holman, R.R.5    Sherwin, R.6    Zinman, B.7
  • 10
    • 75549091263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: An algorithm for glycemic control
    • Rodbard HW, Jellinger PS, Davidson JA, et al. Statement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: An algorithm for glycemic control. Endocr Pract 2009;15: 540-559.
    • (2009) Endocr Pract , vol.15 , pp. 540-559
    • Rodbard, H.W.1    Jellinger, P.S.2    Davidson, J.A.3
  • 11
    • 67049155251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the science of incretin biology
    • Nauck MA. Unraveling the science of incretin biology. Am J Med 2009;122: S3-S10.
    • (2009) Am J Med , vol.122
    • Nauck, M.A.1
  • 12
    • 33846006173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incretin system: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes
    • Drucker DJ, Nauck MA. The incretin system: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet 2006;368: 1696-1705.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , pp. 1696-1705
    • Drucker, D.J.1    Nauck, M.A.2
  • 13
    • 43249089631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotective and vasodilatory actions of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor are mediated through both glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-dependent and -independent pathways
    • Ban K, Noyan-Ashraf MH, Hoefer J, Bolz SS, Drucker DJ, Husain M. Cardioprotective and vasodilatory actions of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor are mediated through both glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-dependent and -independent pathways. Circulation 2008;117: 2340-2350.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 2340-2350
    • Ban, K.1    Noyan-Ashraf, M.H.2    Hoefer, J.3    Bolz, S.S.4    Drucker, D.J.5    Husain, M.6
  • 14
    • 33644618433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biology of incretin hormones
    • Drucker DJ. The biology of incretin hormones. Cell Metab 2006;3: 153-165.
    • (2006) Cell Metab , vol.3 , pp. 153-165
    • Drucker, D.J.1
  • 15
    • 64649102619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1R agonist liraglutide activates cytoprotective pathways and improves outcomes after experimental myocardial infarction in mice
    • Noyan-Ashraf MH, Momen MA, Ban K, et al. GLP-1R agonist liraglutide activates cytoprotective pathways and improves outcomes after experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Diabetes 2009;58: 975-983.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 975-983
    • Noyan-Ashraf, M.H.1    Momen, M.A.2    Ban, K.3
  • 16
    • 77953959949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide 1 prevents reactive oxygen species-induced endothelial cell senescence through the activation of protein kinase A
    • Oeseburg H, de Boer RA, Buikema H, van der Harst P, van Gilst WH, Sillje HH. Glucagon-like peptide 1 prevents reactive oxygen species-induced endothelial cell senescence through the activation of protein kinase A. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010;30: 1407-1414.
    • (2010) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.30 , pp. 1407-1414
    • Oeseburg, H.1    de Boer, R.A.2    Buikema, H.3    van der Harst, P.4    van Gilst, W.H.5    Sillje, H.H.6
  • 17
    • 73949118948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibits advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced up-regulation of VCAM-1 mRNA levels in endothelial cells by suppressing AGE receptor (RAGE) expression
    • Ishibashi Y, Matsui T, Takeuchi M, Yamagishi S. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibits advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced up-regulation of VCAM-1 mRNA levels in endothelial cells by suppressing AGE receptor (RAGE) expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010;391: 1405-1408.
    • (2010) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.391 , pp. 1405-1408
    • Ishibashi, Y.1    Matsui, T.2    Takeuchi, M.3    Yamagishi, S.4
  • 18
    • 4344605042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 increases myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular performance in conscious dogs with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy
    • Nikolaidis LA, Elahi D, Hentosz T, et al. Recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 increases myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular performance in conscious dogs with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2004;110: 955-961.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 955-961
    • Nikolaidis, L.A.1    Elahi, D.2    Hentosz, T.3
  • 19
    • 78649939959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single dose GLP-1-Tf ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
    • Matsubara M, Kanemoto S, Leshnower BG, et al. Single dose GLP-1-Tf ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2011;165: 38-45.
    • (2011) J Surg Res , vol.165 , pp. 38-45
    • Matsubara, M.1    Kanemoto, S.2    Leshnower, B.G.3
  • 20
    • 84876714632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incretin-based treatments prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein e-null mice [abstract]
    • Watanabe T, Nagashima M, Terasaki M, Nohtomi K, Miyazaki A, Hirano T. Incretin-based treatments prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein e-null mice [abstract]. Circulation 2010;122: A10278.
    • (2010) Circulation , vol.122
    • Watanabe, T.1    Nagashima, M.2    Terasaki, M.3    Nohtomi, K.4    Miyazaki, A.5    Hirano, T.6
  • 22
    • 34547930879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on glycemic control and left ventricular function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
    • Sokos GG, Bolukoglu H, German J, et al. Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on glycemic control and left ventricular function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol 2007;100: 824-829.
    • (2007) Am J Cardiol , vol.100 , pp. 824-829
    • Sokos, G.G.1    Bolukoglu, H.2    German, J.3
  • 23
    • 33845293219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 infusion improves left ventricular ejection fraction and functional status in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Sokos GG, Nikolaidis LA, Mankad S, Elahi D, Shannon RP. Glucagon-like peptide-1 infusion improves left ventricular ejection fraction and functional status in patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 2006;12: 694-699.
    • (2006) J Card Fail , vol.12 , pp. 694-699
    • Sokos, G.G.1    Nikolaidis, L.A.2    Mankad, S.3    Elahi, D.4    Shannon, R.P.5
  • 24
  • 25
    • 79956119675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The possible protective role of glucagon-like Peptide 1 on endothelium during the meal and evidence for an "endothelial resistance" to glucagon-like Peptide 1 in diabetes
    • Ceriello A, Esposito K, Testa R, Bonfigli AR, Marra M, Giugliano D. The possible protective role of glucagon-like Peptide 1 on endothelium during the meal and evidence for an "endothelial resistance" to glucagon-like Peptide 1 in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011;34: 697-702.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.34 , pp. 697-702
    • Ceriello, A.1    Esposito, K.2    Testa, R.3    Bonfigli, A.R.4    Marra, M.5    Giugliano, D.6
  • 26
    • 84860204551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular biology of the incretin system
    • Ussher JR, Drucker DJ. Cardiovascular biology of the incretin system. Endocr Rev 2012;33: 187-215.
    • (2012) Endocr Rev , vol.33 , pp. 187-215
    • Ussher, J.R.1    Drucker, D.J.2
  • 27
    • 0034108646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent derivatives of glucagon-like peptide-1 with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for once daily administration
    • Knudsen LB, Nielsen PF, Huusfeldt PO, et al. Potent derivatives of glucagon-like peptide-1 with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for once daily administration. J Med Chem 2000;43: 1664-1669.
    • (2000) J Med Chem , vol.43 , pp. 1664-1669
    • Knudsen, L.B.1    Nielsen, P.F.2    Huusfeldt, P.O.3
  • 28
    • 2342599057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One week's treatment with the long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 derivative liraglutide (NN2211) markedly improves 24-h glycemia and α- and β-cell function and reduces endogenous glucose release in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Degn KB, Juhl CB, Sturis J, et al. One week's treatment with the long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 derivative liraglutide (NN2211) markedly improves 24-h glycemia and α- and β-cell function and reduces endogenous glucose release in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2004;53: 1187-1194.
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 1187-1194
    • Degn, K.B.1    Juhl, C.B.2    Sturis, J.3
  • 29
    • 34249891874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of once-weekly dosing of a long-acting release formulation of exenatide on glucose control and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes
    • Kim D, Macconell L, Zhuang D, Kothare PA, Trautmann M, Fineman M, Taylor K. Effects of once-weekly dosing of a long-acting release formulation of exenatide on glucose control and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007;30: 1487-1493.
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , pp. 1487-1493
    • Kim, D.1    Macconell, L.2    Zhuang, D.3    Kothare, P.A.4    Trautmann, M.5    Fineman, M.6    Taylor, K.7
  • 31
    • 62449129181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU)
    • Marre M, Shaw J, Brandle M, et al. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabet Med 2009;26: 268-278.
    • (2009) Diabet Med , vol.26 , pp. 268-278
    • Marre, M.1    Shaw, J.2    Brandle, M.3
  • 32
    • 62449169287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide, glimepiride, and placebo, all in combination with metformin, in type 2 diabetes: The LEAD (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes)-2 study
    • Nauck M, Frid A, Hermansen K, et al. Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide, glimepiride, and placebo, all in combination with metformin, in type 2 diabetes: The LEAD (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes)-2 study. Diabetes Care 2009;32: 84-90.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 84-90
    • Nauck, M.1    Frid, A.2    Hermansen, K.3
  • 33
    • 59449101432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): A randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial
    • Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): A randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet 2009;373: 473-481.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , pp. 473-481
    • Garber, A.1    Henry, R.2    Ratner, R.3
  • 34
    • 67650066860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-4 Met+TZD)
    • Zinman B, Gerich J, Buse JB, et al. Efficacy and safety of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-4 Met+TZD). Diabetes Care 2009;32: 1224-1230.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 1224-1230
    • Zinman, B.1    Gerich, J.2    Buse, J.B.3
  • 35
    • 69949117621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with metformin and sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled trial (LEAD-5 met+SU)
    • Russell-Jones D, Vaag A, Schmitz O, et al. Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with metformin and sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled trial (LEAD-5 met+SU). Diabetologia 2009;52: 2046-2055.
    • (2009) Diabetologia , vol.52 , pp. 2046-2055
    • Russell-Jones, D.1    Vaag, A.2    Schmitz, O.3
  • 36
    • 67649666737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: A 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6)
    • Buse JB, Rosenstock J, Sesti G, et al. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: A 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). Lancet 2009;374: 39-47.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 39-47
    • Buse, J.B.1    Rosenstock, J.2    Sesti, G.3
  • 37
    • 77952309372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide versus sitagliptin for patients with type 2 diabetes who did not have adequate glycaemic control with metformin: A 26-week, randomised, parallel-group, open-label trial
    • Pratley RE, Nauck M, Bailey T, et al. Liraglutide versus sitagliptin for patients with type 2 diabetes who did not have adequate glycaemic control with metformin: A 26-week, randomised, parallel-group, open-label trial. Lancet 2010;375: 1447-1456.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1447-1456
    • Pratley, R.E.1    Nauck, M.2    Bailey, T.3
  • 38
    • 79955661908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DURATION-5: Exenatide once weekly resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control compared with exenatide twice daily in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Blevins T, Pullman J, Malloy J, et al. DURATION-5: Exenatide once weekly resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control compared with exenatide twice daily in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96: 1301-1310.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.96 , pp. 1301-1310
    • Blevins, T.1    Pullman, J.2    Malloy, J.3
  • 39
    • 77958184434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide affected circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers independently of changes in body composition
    • Bunck MC, Diamant M, Eliasson B, et al. Exenatide affected circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers independently of changes in body composition. Diabetes Care 2010;33: 1734-1737.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 1734-1737
    • Bunck, M.C.1    Diamant, M.2    Eliasson, B.3
  • 40
    • 70450199755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide compared with long-acting insulin to achieve glycaemic control with minimal weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes: Results of the Helping Evaluate Exenatide in patients with diabetes compared with Long-Acting insulin (HEELA) study
    • Davies MJ, Donnelly R, Barnett AH, Jones S, Nicolay C, Kilcoyne A. Exenatide compared with long-acting insulin to achieve glycaemic control with minimal weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes: Results of the Helping Evaluate Exenatide in patients with diabetes compared with Long-Acting insulin (HEELA) study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2009;11: 1153-1162.
    • (2009) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.11 , pp. 1153-1162
    • Davies, M.J.1    Donnelly, R.2    Barnett, A.H.3    Jones, S.4    Nicolay, C.5    Kilcoyne, A.6
  • 41
    • 77954897689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exenatide plus rosiglitazone on beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes on metformin
    • DeFronzo RA, Triplitt C, Qu Y, Lewis MS, Maggs D, Glass LC. Effects of exenatide plus rosiglitazone on beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes on metformin. Diabetes Care 2010;33: 951-957.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 951-957
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Triplitt, C.2    Qu, Y.3    Lewis, M.S.4    Maggs, D.5    Glass, L.C.6
  • 42
    • 77249090274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide versus glibenclamide in patients with diabetes
    • Derosa G, Maffioli P, Salvadeo SA, et al. Exenatide versus glibenclamide in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2010;12: 233-240.
    • (2010) Diabetes Technol Ther , vol.12 , pp. 233-240
    • Derosa, G.1    Maffioli, P.2    Salvadeo, S.A.3
  • 43
    • 53249142132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A randomised, open-label, non-inferiority study
    • Drucker DJ, Buse JB, Taylor K, Kendall DM, Trautmann M, Zhuang D, Porter L. Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A randomised, open-label, non-inferiority study. Lancet 2008;372: 1240-1250.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1240-1250
    • Drucker, D.J.1    Buse, J.B.2    Taylor, K.3    Kendall, D.M.4    Trautmann, M.5    Zhuang, D.6    Porter, L.7
  • 44
    • 38549162147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide effects on diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes treated for at least 3 years
    • Klonoff DC, Buse JB, Nielsen LL, Macconell LA, Okerson T, Wolka AM, Brodows RG. Exenatide effects on diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes treated for at least 3 years. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24: 275-286.
    • (2008) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.24 , pp. 275-286
    • Klonoff, D.C.1    Buse, J.B.2    Nielsen, L.L.3    Macconell, L.A.4    Okerson, T.5    Wolka, A.M.6    Brodows, R.G.7
  • 45
    • 51549095571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of exenatide monotherapy over 24 weeks in antidiabetic drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study
    • Moretto TJ, Milton DR, Ridge TD, Macconell LA, Okerson T, Wolka AM, Brodows RG. Efficacy and tolerability of exenatide monotherapy over 24 weeks in antidiabetic drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Clin Ther 2008;30: 1448-1460.
    • (2008) Clin Ther , vol.30 , pp. 1448-1460
    • Moretto, T.J.1    Milton, D.R.2    Ridge, T.D.3    Macconell, L.A.4    Okerson, T.5    Wolka, A.M.6    Brodows, R.G.7
  • 46
    • 77955573674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus sitagliptin or pioglitazone as an adjunct to metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes (DURATION-2): A randomised trial
    • Bergenstal RM, Wysham C, Macconell L, et al. Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus sitagliptin or pioglitazone as an adjunct to metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes (DURATION-2): A randomised trial. Lancet 2010;376: 431-439.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 431-439
    • Bergenstal, R.M.1    Wysham, C.2    Macconell, L.3
  • 47
    • 77953859640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once weekly exenatide compared with insulin glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): An open-label randomised trial
    • Diamant M, Van Gaal L, Stranks S, Northrup J, Cao D, Taylor K, Trautmann M. Once weekly exenatide compared with insulin glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): An open-label randomised trial. Lancet 2010;375: 2234-2243.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 2234-2243
    • Diamant, M.1    Van Gaal, L.2    Stranks, S.3    Northrup, J.4    Cao, D.5    Taylor, K.6    Trautmann, M.7
  • 48
    • 77954384449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exendin-4 stimulates proliferation of human coronary artery endothelial cells through eNOS-, PKA- and PI3K/Akt-dependent pathways and requires GLP-1 receptor
    • Erdogdu O, Nathanson D, Sjoholm A, Nystrom T, Zhang Q. Exendin-4 stimulates proliferation of human coronary artery endothelial cells through eNOS-, PKA- and PI3K/Akt-dependent pathways and requires GLP-1 receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010;325: 26-35.
    • (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.325 , pp. 26-35
    • Erdogdu, O.1    Nathanson, D.2    Sjoholm, A.3    Nystrom, T.4    Zhang, Q.5
  • 49
    • 84855428526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    • Ding L, Zhang J. Glucagon-like peptide-1 activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012;33: 75-81.
    • (2012) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.33 , pp. 75-81
    • Ding, L.1    Zhang, J.2
  • 50
    • 77958052010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, liraglutide, upregulates nitric oxide production and exerts anti-inflammatory action in endothelial cells
    • Diamant M, Van GL, Stranks S, Northrup J, Cao D, Taylor K, Trautmann M. A glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, liraglutide, upregulates nitric oxide production and exerts anti-inflammatory action in endothelial cells. Diabetologia 2010;53: 2256-2263.
    • (2010) Diabetologia , vol.53 , pp. 2256-2263
    • Diamant, M.1    Van, G.L.2    Stranks, S.3    Northrup, J.4    Cao, D.5    Taylor, K.6    Trautmann, M.7
  • 51
    • 84858707110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glucagon-like peptide 1 analog liraglutide reduces TNF-alpha-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells
    • Shiraki A, Oyama JI, Komoda H, et al. The glucagon-like peptide 1 analog liraglutide reduces TNF-alpha-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 2012;221: 375-382.
    • (2012) Atherosclerosis , vol.221 , pp. 375-382
    • Shiraki, A.1    Oyama, J.I.2    Komoda, H.3
  • 52
    • 67650057935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue attenuates induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 and vascular adhesion molecules
    • Liu H, Dear AE, Knudsen LB, Simpson RW. A long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue attenuates induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 and vascular adhesion molecules. J Endocrinol 2009;201: 59-66.
    • (2009) J Endocrinol , vol.201 , pp. 59-66
    • Liu, H.1    Dear, A.E.2    Knudsen, L.B.3    Simpson, R.W.4
  • 53
    • 84856485110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 analogue, liraglutide protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against high glucose induced endoplasmic reticulum stress
    • Schisano B, Harte AL, Lois K, et al. GLP-1 analogue, liraglutide protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against high glucose induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Regul Pept 2012;174: 46-52.
    • (2012) Regul Pept , vol.174 , pp. 46-52
    • Schisano, B.1    Harte, A.L.2    Lois, K.3
  • 54
    • 68349084564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction induced by triglycerides is not restored by exenatide in rat conduit arteries ex vivo
    • Nathanson D, Erdogdu O, Pernow J, Zhang Q, Nystrom T. Endothelial dysfunction induced by triglycerides is not restored by exenatide in rat conduit arteries ex vivo. Regul Pept 2009;157: 8-13.
    • (2009) Regul Pept , vol.157 , pp. 8-13
    • Nathanson, D.1    Erdogdu, O.2    Pernow, J.3    Zhang, Q.4    Nystrom, T.5
  • 55
    • 77951151612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and attenuation of atherosclerotic lesion by a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4
    • Arakawa M, Mita T, Azuma K, et al. Inhibition of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and attenuation of atherosclerotic lesion by a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4. Diabetes 2010;59: 1030-1037.
    • (2010) Diabetes , vol.59 , pp. 1030-1037
    • Arakawa, M.1    Mita, T.2    Azuma, K.3
  • 56
    • 79551488587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces intimal thickening after vascular injury
    • Goto H, Nomiyama T, Mita T, et al. Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces intimal thickening after vascular injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011;405: 79-84.
    • (2011) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.405 , pp. 79-84
    • Goto, H.1    Nomiyama, T.2    Mita, T.3
  • 57
    • 77954491096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synthetic GLP-I receptor agonist, exenatide, reduces intimal hyperplasia in insulin resistant rats
    • Murthy SN, Hilaire RC, Casey DB, et al. The synthetic GLP-I receptor agonist, exenatide, reduces intimal hyperplasia in insulin resistant rats. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2010;7: 138-144.
    • (2010) Diab Vasc Dis Res , vol.7 , pp. 138-144
    • Murthy, S.N.1    Hilaire, R.C.2    Casey, D.B.3
  • 58
    • 59649122584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exendin-4 has an anti-hypertensive effect in salt-sensitive mice model
    • Hirata K, Kume S, Araki S, et al. Exendin-4 has an anti-hypertensive effect in salt-sensitive mice model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009;380: 44-49.
    • (2009) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.380 , pp. 44-49
    • Hirata, K.1    Kume, S.2    Araki, S.3
  • 59
    • 78649930490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 signaling preserves cardiac function in endotoxemic Fischer 344 and DPP4-deficient rats
    • Ku HC, Chen WP, Su MJ. GLP-1 signaling preserves cardiac function in endotoxemic Fischer 344 and DPP4-deficient rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2010;382: 463-474.
    • (2010) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.382 , pp. 463-474
    • Ku, H.C.1    Chen, W.P.2    Su, M.J.3
  • 61
    • 78149493266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the exenatide analogue AC3174 improve cardiac function, cardiac remodeling, and survival in rats with chronic heart failure
    • Diamant M, Van GL, Stranks S, Northrup J, Cao D, Taylor K, Trautmann M. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the exenatide analogue AC3174 improve cardiac function, cardiac remodeling, and survival in rats with chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010;9: 76.
    • (2010) Cardiovasc Diabetol , vol.9 , pp. 76
    • Diamant, M.1    Van, G.L.2    Stranks, S.3    Northrup, J.4    Cao, D.5    Taylor, K.6    Trautmann, M.7
  • 62
    • 77955106477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The exenatide analogue AC3174 attenuates hypertension, insulin resistance, and renal dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats
    • Liu Q, Adams L, Broyde A, Fernandez R, Baron AD, Parkes DG. The exenatide analogue AC3174 attenuates hypertension, insulin resistance, and renal dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010;9: 32.
    • (2010) Cardiovasc Diabetol , vol.9 , pp. 32
    • Liu, Q.1    Adams, L.2    Broyde, A.3    Fernandez, R.4    Baron, A.D.5    Parkes, D.G.6
  • 63
    • 58949084130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function in a porcine model of ischemia and reperfusion injury
    • Timmers L, Henriques JP, de Kleijn DP, et al. Exenatide reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function in a porcine model of ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;53: 501-510.
    • (2009) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.53 , pp. 501-510
    • Timmers, L.1    Henriques, J.P.2    de Kleijn, D.P.3
  • 64
    • 69049113026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of cardioprotection from subcutaneously and preischemic administered liraglutide in a closed chest porcine ischemia reperfusion model
    • Kristensen J, Mortensen UM, Schmidt M, Nielsen PH, Nielsen TT, Maeng M. Lack of cardioprotection from subcutaneously and preischemic administered liraglutide in a closed chest porcine ischemia reperfusion model. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2009;9: 31.
    • (2009) BMC Cardiovasc Disord , vol.9 , pp. 31
    • Kristensen, J.1    Mortensen, U.M.2    Schmidt, M.3    Nielsen, P.H.4    Nielsen, T.T.5    Maeng, M.6
  • 65
    • 73249116246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists protect pancreatic beta-cells from lipotoxic endoplasmic reticulum stress through upregulation of BiP and JunB
    • Cunha DA, Ladriere L, Ortis F, et al. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists protect pancreatic beta-cells from lipotoxic endoplasmic reticulum stress through upregulation of BiP and JunB. Diabetes 2009;58: 2851-2862.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 2851-2862
    • Cunha, D.A.1    Ladriere, L.2    Ortis, F.3
  • 67
    • 79959237560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide inhibits endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular adhesion molecule expression in an ApoE-/- mouse model
    • Gaspari T, Liu H, Welungoda I, et al. A GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide inhibits endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular adhesion molecule expression in an ApoE-/- mouse model. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2011;8: 117-124.
    • (2011) Diab Vasc Dis Res , vol.8 , pp. 117-124
    • Gaspari, T.1    Liu, H.2    Welungoda, I.3
  • 68
    • 0842325280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptor gene expression of glucagon-like peptide-1, but not glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, in rat nodose ganglion cells
    • Nakagawa A, Satake H, Nakabayashi H, et al. Receptor gene expression of glucagon-like peptide-1, but not glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, in rat nodose ganglion cells. Auton Neurosci 2004;110: 36-43.
    • (2004) Auton Neurosci , vol.110 , pp. 36-43
    • Nakagawa, A.1    Satake, H.2    Nakabayashi, H.3
  • 69
    • 0036307872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor stimulation increases blood pressure and heart rate and activates autonomic regulatory neurons
    • Yamamoto H, Lee CE, Marcus JN, et al. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor stimulation increases blood pressure and heart rate and activates autonomic regulatory neurons. J Clin Invest 2002;110: 43-52.
    • (2002) J Clin Invest , vol.110 , pp. 43-52
    • Yamamoto, H.1    Lee, C.E.2    Marcus, J.N.3
  • 72
    • 79952694840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular safety of exenatide BID: An integrated analysis from controlled clinical trials in participants with type 2 diabetes
    • Ratner R, Han J, Nicewarner D, Yushmanova I, Hoogwerf BJ, Shen L. Cardiovascular safety of exenatide BID: An integrated analysis from controlled clinical trials in participants with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011;10: 22.
    • (2011) Cardiovasc Diabetol , vol.10 , pp. 22
    • Ratner, R.1    Han, J.2    Nicewarner, D.3    Yushmanova, I.4    Hoogwerf, B.J.5    Shen, L.6
  • 73
    • 84862521094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravenous exenatide in type 2 diabetic patients with congestive heart failure: A double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial of efficacy and safety
    • Best JH, Hoogwerf BJ, Herman WH, Pelletier EM, Smith DB, Wenten M, Hussein MA. Effects of intravenous exenatide in type 2 diabetic patients with congestive heart failure: A double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial of efficacy and safety. Diabetologia 2012;55: 926-935.
    • (2012) Diabetologia , vol.55 , pp. 926-935
    • Best, J.H.1    Hoogwerf, B.J.2    Herman, W.H.3    Pelletier, E.M.4    Smith, D.B.5    Wenten, M.6    Hussein, M.A.7
  • 74
    • 34548420712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): A randomised controlled trial
    • Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, et al. Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007;370: 829-840.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 829-840
    • Patel, A.1    MacMahon, S.2    Chalmers, J.3
  • 75
    • 76749161358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exenatide on systolic blood pressure in subjects with type 2 diabetes
    • Okerson T, Yan P, Stonehouse A, Brodows R. Effects of exenatide on systolic blood pressure in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Am J Hypertens 2010;23: 334-339.
    • (2010) Am J Hypertens , vol.23 , pp. 334-339
    • Okerson, T.1    Yan, P.2    Stonehouse, A.3    Brodows, R.4
  • 76
    • 84880675177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide improves the profile of lipid and cardiovascular risk biomarkers from baseline. Presented at: 21st World Diabetes Congress of the International Diabetes Federation; December 4-8, 2011; Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
    • Fonseca V, DeVries JH, Bain SC, et al. Liraglutide improves the profile of lipid and cardiovascular risk biomarkers from baseline. Presented at: 21st World Diabetes Congress of the International Diabetes Federation; December 4-8, 2011; Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
    • Fonseca, V.1    DeVries, J.H.2    Bain, S.C.3
  • 77
    • 79952755181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One year of liraglutide treatment offers sustained and more effective glycaemic control and weight reduction compared with sitagliptin, both in combination with metformin, in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised, parallel-group, open-label trial
    • Pratley R, Nauck M, Bailey T, et al. One year of liraglutide treatment offers sustained and more effective glycaemic control and weight reduction compared with sitagliptin, both in combination with metformin, in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised, parallel-group, open-label trial. Int J Clin Pract 2011;65: 397-407.
    • (2011) Int J Clin Pract , vol.65 , pp. 397-407
    • Pratley, R.1    Nauck, M.2    Bailey, T.3
  • 78
    • 77956230708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide suppresses postprandial elevations in lipids and lipoproteins in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and recent onset type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Schwartz EA, Koska J, Mullin MP, Syoufi I, Schwenke DC, Reaven PD. Exenatide suppresses postprandial elevations in lipids and lipoproteins in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and recent onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 2010;212: 217-222.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.212 , pp. 217-222
    • Schwartz, E.A.1    Koska, J.2    Mullin, M.P.3    Syoufi, I.4    Schwenke, D.C.5    Reaven, P.D.6
  • 79
    • 77956231970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year treatment with exenatide vs. insulin glargine: Effects on postprandial glycemia, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress
    • Bunck MC, Corner A, Eliasson B, et al. One-year treatment with exenatide vs. insulin glargine: Effects on postprandial glycemia, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress. Atherosclerosis 2010;212: 223-229.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.212 , pp. 223-229
    • Bunck, M.C.1    Corner, A.2    Eliasson, B.3
  • 80
    • 50649110233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of once-daily liraglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes
    • Courreges JP, Vilsboll T, Zdravkovic M, et al. Beneficial effects of once-daily liraglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2008;25: 1129-1131.
    • (2008) Diabet Med , vol.25 , pp. 1129-1131
    • Courreges, J.P.1    Vilsboll, T.2    Zdravkovic, M.3
  • 81
    • 77954948794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of postprandial endothelial function after a single dose of exenatide in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and recent onset type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Koska J, Schwartz EA, Mullin MP, Schwenke DC, Reaven PD. Improvement of postprandial endothelial function after a single dose of exenatide in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and recent onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2010;33: 1028-1030.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 1028-1030
    • Koska, J.1    Schwartz, E.A.2    Mullin, M.P.3    Schwenke, D.C.4    Reaven, P.D.5
  • 82
    • 0035514956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and disease management: Effects of weight loss on comorbid conditions
    • Anderson JW, Konz EC. Obesity and disease management: Effects of weight loss on comorbid conditions. Obes Res 2001;9(Suppl 4): S326-S334.
    • (2001) Obes Res , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL 4
    • Anderson, J.W.1    Konz, E.C.2
  • 83
    • 0141988862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of weight management in type 2 diabetes: Review with meta-analysis of clinical studies
    • Anderson JW, Kendall CW, Jenkins DJ. Importance of weight management in type 2 diabetes: Review with meta-analysis of clinical studies. J Am Coll Nutr 2003;22: 331-339.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.22 , pp. 331-339
    • Anderson, J.W.1    Kendall, C.W.2    Jenkins, D.J.3
  • 84
    • 44849114356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral aspects of weight loss in type 2 diabetes
    • Wing RR, Marquez B. Behavioral aspects of weight loss in type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2008;8: 126-131.
    • (2008) Curr Diab Rep , vol.8 , pp. 126-131
    • Wing, R.R.1    Marquez, B.2
  • 85
    • 79951906623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, provides sustained improvements in glycaemic control and weight for two years as monotherapy compared with glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Garber A, Henry RR, Ratner R, Hale P, Chang CT, Bode B. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, provides sustained improvements in glycaemic control and weight for two years as monotherapy compared with glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010;13: 348-356.
    • (2010) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.13 , pp. 348-356
    • Garber, A.1    Henry, R.R.2    Ratner, R.3    Hale, P.4    Chang, C.T.5    Bode, B.6
  • 86
    • 79955960213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DURATION-2: Efficacy and safety of switching from maximum daily sitagliptin or pioglitazone to once-weekly exenatide
    • Berg JK, Shenouda SK, Heilmann CR, Gray AL, Holcombe JH. DURATION-2: Efficacy and safety of switching from maximum daily sitagliptin or pioglitazone to once-weekly exenatide. Diabet Med 2011;28: 705-714.
    • (2011) Diabet Med , vol.28 , pp. 705-714
    • Berg, J.K.1    Shenouda, S.K.2    Heilmann, C.R.3    Gray, A.L.4    Holcombe, J.H.5
  • 87
    • 80053390364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exenatide twice daily versus sitagliptin on 24-hour glucose, glucoregulatory, and hormonal measures: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study
    • Berg JK, Shenouda SK, Heilmann CR, Gray AL, Holcombe JH. Effects of exenatide twice daily versus sitagliptin on 24-hour glucose, glucoregulatory, and hormonal measures: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;13: 982-989.
    • (2011) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.13 , pp. 982-989
    • Berg, J.K.1    Shenouda, S.K.2    Heilmann, C.R.3    Gray, A.L.4    Holcombe, J.H.5
  • 88
    • 28844482322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sitagliptin, an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, in healthy subjects: Results from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with single oral doses
    • Herman GA, Stevens C, Van Dyck K, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sitagliptin, an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, in healthy subjects: Results from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with single oral doses. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005;78: 675-688.
    • (2005) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.78 , pp. 675-688
    • Herman, G.A.1    Stevens, C.2    Van Dyck, K.3
  • 89
    • 67049132386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of incretin-based therapy: Therapeutic potential, patient selection and clinical use
    • Kendall DM, Cuddihy RM, Bergenstal RM. Clinical application of incretin-based therapy: Therapeutic potential, patient selection and clinical use. Am J Med 2009;122: S37-S50.
    • (2009) Am J Med , vol.122
    • Kendall, D.M.1    Cuddihy, R.M.2    Bergenstal, R.M.3
  • 90
    • 67549112400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights from the liraglutide clinical development program-the liraglutide effect and action in diabetes (LEAD) studies
    • McGill JB. Insights from the liraglutide clinical development program-the liraglutide effect and action in diabetes (LEAD) studies. Postgrad Med 2009;121: 16-25.
    • (2009) Postgrad Med , vol.121 , pp. 16-25
    • McGill, J.B.1
  • 91
    • 80052039077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular safety of liraglutide assessed in a patient-level pooled analysis of phase 2-3 liraglutide clinical development studies
    • Marso SP, Lindsey JB, Stolker JM, et al. Cardiovascular safety of liraglutide assessed in a patient-level pooled analysis of phase 2-3 liraglutide clinical development studies. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2011;8: 237-240.
    • (2011) Diab Vasc Dis Res , vol.8 , pp. 237-240
    • Marso, S.P.1    Lindsey, J.B.2    Stolker, J.M.3
  • 93
    • 84880665693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Exenatide study of cardiovascular event lowering trial (EXSCEL): A trial to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes after treatment with exenatide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Available from: [accessed 9 April 2012].
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Exenatide study of cardiovascular event lowering trial (EXSCEL): A trial to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes after treatment with exenatide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01144338 [accessed 9 April 2012].
  • 94
    • 84880669020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Liraglutide effect and action in diabetes: Evaluation of cardiovascular outcome results - a long term evaluation (LEADER). Available from: [accessed 9 April 2012].
    • ClinicalTrials.gov. Liraglutide effect and action in diabetes: Evaluation of cardiovascular outcome results - a long term evaluation (LEADER). Available from: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01179048 [accessed 9 April 2012].
  • 95
    • 77956076972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Switching to once-daily liraglutide from twice-daily exenatide further improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes using oral agents
    • Buse JB, Sesti G, Schmidt WE, et al. Switching to once-daily liraglutide from twice-daily exenatide further improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes using oral agents. Diabetes Care 2010;33: 1300-1303.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 1300-1303
    • Buse, J.B.1    Sesti, G.2    Schmidt, W.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.